CSL605 Cloud Computing Lab Sem VI

EXPERIMENT 1

Name: Shreya Chakraborty Batch: A

Roll No: 11
Date of performance: 14/01/2025 Date of submission: 14/01/2025

Title Study importance of cloud computing and various types of deployment and
service models.

Pre requisite Computer Networks

Mapping with CO CSL605.1

Objective Understand deployment models, service models, and advantages of cloud

computing.

Outcome To discuss basics of cloud computing with the help of deployment and service
models

Instructions 1. Soft copy submission for Activity 1

2. Hard copy submission for Activity 2 (Hand written)

Deliverables Activity 1:
1. To understand the origin of cloud computing
2. NIST model, characteristics of cloud
3. Different deployment models
4. Service models
5. Cloud cube model
Activity 2:
Find one real-time problem or requirement and provide its non-cloud
based solution and cloud-based solution.
Sample Solution:
• Requirement: Office PC or laptop computers are a few years old.
But the software is old and needs replacing.
• Non-cloud-based solution: Upgrade computers and install new
improved desktop software.
• Cloud based solution: Choose SaaS and run it in a web browser on
existing computer hardware. (Detailed reasoning)
 Activity 1

1. Origin of cloud computing:

Cloud Computing referred as the accessing and storing of data and provide
services related to computing over the internet. It simply referred as it remote
services on the internet manage and access data online rather than any local
drives. The data can be anything like images, videos, audios, documents, files
etc.

• Before Computing was come into existence, client Server Architecture

was used where all the data and control of client resides in Server side.
If a single user want to access some data, firstly user need to connect to
the server and after that user will get appropriate access. But it has
many disadvantages. So, After Client Server computing, Distributed
Computing was come into existence, in this type of computing all
computers are networked together with the help of this, user can share
their resources when needed. It also has certain limitations. So in order
to remove limitations faced in distributed system, cloud computing was
emerged.
• In 2002, Amazon started Amazon Web Services (AWS), Amazon will
provide storage, computation over the internet. In 2006 Amazon will
launch Elastic Compute Cloud Commercial Service which is open for
Everybody to use.

• After that in 2009, Google Play also started providing Cloud

Computing Enterprise Application as other companies will see the
emergence of cloud Computing they also started providing their cloud
services. Thus, in 2009, Microsoft launch Microsoft Azure and after
that other companies like Alibaba, IBM, Oracle, HP also introduces
 their Cloud Services. In today the Cloud Computing become very
popular and important skill.

2. NIST model:

NIST is responsible for developing standards and guidelines, including

minimum requirements, for
providing adequate information security for all agency operations and assets;
but such standards and guidelines shall not apply to national security systems.

NIST Cloud Computing reference architecture defines five major performers:

• Cloud Provider
• Cloud Carrier
• Cloud Broker
• Cloud Auditor
• Cloud Consumer

1. Cloud Service Providers: These deliver cloud services to consumers,

offering components like servers, networking, and storage. They
provide services in three categories:
• IaaS: Provides infrastructure components (servers, storage,
networking, virtualization).
• SaaS: Offers software applications (e.g., HRM, CRM) hosted
and delivered via the internet.
• PaaS: Provides infrastructure and services for software
development, including operating systems, middleware, and
application stacks.
2. Cloud Carrier: Mediates connectivity and transport of cloud services
between providers and consumers. They offer access via internet,
 telecom, and other devices, ensuring consistent service levels through
SLAs.
3. Cloud Broker: Manages cloud services by integrating and enhancing
them, offering value-added services like service intermediation,
aggregation, and arbitrage to improve flexibility and choices for
consumers.
4. Cloud Auditor: An independent entity that assesses the security,
privacy, and performance of cloud services. They evaluate security
controls, privacy impacts, and performance to ensure compliance with
requirements.
5. Cloud Consumer: The end-user who utilizes cloud services, sets up
contracts, and pays for the services. They rely on SLAs to define
performance, security, and service quality expectations, and may
negotiate terms based on usage.

3. Characteristics of Cloud:

On-demand self-services: The Cloud computing services does not require any
human administrators, user themselves are able to provision, monitor and
manage computing resources as needed.
• Broad network access: The Computing services are generally
provided over standard networks and heterogeneous devices.
• Rapid elasticity: The Computing services should have IT resources
that are able to scale out and in quickly and on a need basis. Whenever
the user require services it is provided to him and it is scale out as soon
as its requirement gets over.
• Resource pooling: The IT resource (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) present are shared across multiple
applications and occupant in an uncommitted manner. Multiple clients
are provided service from a same physical resource.
• Measured service: The resource utilization is tracked for each
application and occupant, it will provide both the user and the resource
provider with an account of what has been used. This is done for
various reasons like monitoring billing and effective use of resource.
• Multi-tenancy: Cloud computing providers can support multiple
tenants (users or organizations) on a single set of shared resources.
• Virtualization: Cloud computing providers use virtualization
technology to abstract underlying hardware resources and present them
as logical resources to users.
 4. Different deployment models:
There are four primary types of cloud deployment models, each suited to
different use cases and organizational needs:
• Public Cloud
• Definition: A cloud environment where resources are owned and
operated by a third-party cloud service provider and shared among
multiple organizations (tenants).
• Key Characteristics:
o Highly scalable and cost-effective due to shared resources.
o Accessible over the internet.
o Minimal management responsibility for users.
• Examples: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google
Cloud Platform (GCP).

• Private Cloud
• Definition: A cloud environment exclusively used by a single
organization, either hosted on-premises or managed by a third party.
• Key Characteristics:
o Greater control over resources, security, and customization.
o Not shared with other organizations.
o Typically more expensive than public clouds.
• Examples: VMware vSphere, OpenStack.

• Hybrid Cloud
• Definition: A combination of public and private cloud environments that
are interconnected, allowing data and applications to be shared between
them.
• Key Characteristics:
o Provides flexibility to optimize workloads based on cost,
performance, or compliance requirements.
o Enables a “cloud-bursting” strategy (using public cloud for
overflow workloads).
o Ideal for organizations needing a mix of scalability and control.
• Examples: A company using private cloud for sensitive data and public
cloud for application development.

• Community Cloud
• Definition: A cloud environment shared by multiple organizations with
similar goals, regulatory requirements, or interests (e.g., healthcare,
government, or finance sectors).
• Key Characteristics:
o Resources are managed collaboratively or by a third party.
o Cost and maintenance are shared among the community
members.
o Ensures compliance with industry-specific regulations.
• Examples: A cloud platform for multiple hospitals to share patient data
securely.
 5. Service models:

The three primary service models of cloud computing are:

1. Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Definition: SaaS delivers software applications over the internet,
accessible through a web browser.
• Key Features:
o Users do not manage or control the underlying infrastructure
(servers, storage, or networking).
o The provider handles updates, maintenance, and security.
o Accessible from any device with internet access.
• Examples: Gmail, Microsoft 365, Salesforce, Dropbox.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Definition: PaaS provides a platform for developers to build, test, and
deploy applications without worrying about the underlying
infrastructure.
• Key Features:
o Includes tools, programming languages, libraries, and
frameworks for application development.
o The provider manages the infrastructure, while the user focuses
on application development and deployment.
• Examples: Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure App Service, AWS
Elastic Beanstalk.
3. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Definition: IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the
internet, such as virtual machines, storage, and networks.
• Key Features:
o Users manage the operating systems, applications, and storage
while the provider manages the physical hardware.
o Offers flexibility and scalability for running workloads.
• Examples: Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine, Microsoft Azure
Virtual Machines.
These service models cater to different user needs, from end-users (SaaS) to
developers (PaaS) to IT administrators managing infrastructure (IaaS).

6. Cloud Cube model:

The Cloud Cube Model is a framework introduced by the Jericho Forum to

help organizations understand different deployment options for cloud
computing based on four dimensions. It provides guidance for selecting the
most suitable cloud model for an organization's specific needs.
Four Dimensions of the Cloud Cube Model:
1. Internal/External (Location of Cloud)
o Internal Cloud: Resources are managed and operated within
the organization’s own infrastructure (similar to private cloud).
o External Cloud: Resources are hosted and managed by a third-
party cloud service provider.

2. Proprietary/Open (Ownership of Technology)

o Proprietary: Uses closed or proprietary standards controlled
by a single organization or vendor.
 o Open: Based on open standards, enabling interoperability and
portability across cloud providers.

3. Perimeterized/De-perimeterized (Security Boundaries)

o Perimeterized: Traditional security boundaries such as
firewalls or VPNs protect data and applications.
o De-perimeterized: Security is enforced through identity
management, encryption, or other methods without relying on a
fixed perimeter.

4. Insourced/Outsourced (Management Responsibility)

o Insourced: Cloud services are managed by the organization
itself, even if hosted externally.
o Outsourced: Cloud services are managed by a third-party
provider.
Activity 2
Conclusion In this experiment, we explored the basics of cloud computing, including its
origin, characteristics, and models like NIST, deployment, service, and the
cloud cube model. We also applied this knowledge to real-world problems,
comparing traditional non-cloud solutions with modern cloud-based
alternatives. This helped us understand how cloud computing enhances
efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, making it a valuable approach
for addressing diverse requirements.
References https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/history-of-cloud-computing/

Mell, P., & Grance, T. (2011). The NIST definition of cloud computing (Special
Publication 800-145). National Institute of Standards and Technology.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-145