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Hyperparameter Tuning in Machine Learning 1706249573

Hyperparameter tuning is a crucial process in machine learning that involves adjusting algorithm parameters not learned from data to improve model performance and generalization. It is beneficial when default settings are inadequate and can optimize resource use while preventing underfitting and overfitting. Various algorithms such as Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Support Vector Machines have specific hyperparameters that can be tuned using methods like Grid Search, Random Search, and Bayesian Optimization.

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Kiran Patil
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22 views9 pages

Hyperparameter Tuning in Machine Learning 1706249573

Hyperparameter tuning is a crucial process in machine learning that involves adjusting algorithm parameters not learned from data to improve model performance and generalization. It is beneficial when default settings are inadequate and can optimize resource use while preventing underfitting and overfitting. Various algorithms such as Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Support Vector Machines have specific hyperparameters that can be tuned using methods like Grid Search, Random Search, and Bayesian Optimization.

Uploaded by

Kiran Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hyperparameter Tuning in

Machine Learning
Representation Algorithm Name Hyperparameter

Regularization parameter
Linear (alpha for Ridge/Lasso
Regression regression)

C (Inverse of
Logistic regularization strength),
Regression penalty (L1, L2)

ROOT Node

Branch/Sub-Tree
Max_depth,
Decision Node A Decision Node
Decision min_samples_split,
Terminal Node Decision Node Terminal Node
B
Terminal Node
C Tree min_samples_leaf,
criterion
Terminal Node Terminal Node

Note : A is parent node of B and C

n_neighbors, weights,
K-Nearest
Category B

metric
Category A
Neighbors
New Data Point

Support Vectors

Support
n
rgi
Ma
Class A
C, kernel, gamma, degree
Vector (for polynomial kernel)
y - axis

Support Vectors

Class B
Machines
x - axis
What is Hyperparameter Tuning

Hyperparameter tuning is an essential


process in machine learning that involves
adjusting the parameters of an algorithm
that are not learned from the data but are
set prior to the training process.

These parameters, known as


hyperparameters, govern the overall
behavior of a machine learning model.

Here's why hyperparameter tuning is useful


and when to use it:
Why Hyperparameter Tuning Is Useful

Performance Improvement: Proper tuning


can significantly improve model
performance. It can help in finding the right
balance between underfitting and
overfitting.
Model Generalization: Tuned models are
often more generalizable to unseen data.
Algorithm Optimization: Different
algorithms have different hyperparameters,
and tuning them can help in harnessing the
full potential of the algorithm.
Resource Efficiency: By optimizing
hyperparameters, one can achieve better
results, often with less computational
resources.
When to Use Hyperparameter Tuning

After selecting an appropriate algorithm for


the problem.

When the default hyperparameters do not


yield satisfactory results.

As part of a systematic model development


process to ensure robustness.

When there is sufficient data to validate the


impact of different hyperparameters.
Without Hyperparameter Tuning
Models may underfit or overfit the data.
Model performance may not be optimal.
The algorithm may not work as efficiently as
it could.
The model might not generalize well to new,
unseen data.

With Hyperparameter Tuning


Model accuracy typically improves.
The risk of overfitting or underfitting is
reduced.
The model is better tailored to the specifics
of the problem and data.
Computational resources can be used more
effectively.
Hyperparameter Tuning in Algorithms

Linear Regression:

Common hyperparameters include


regularization parameters in ridge and lasso
regression. Tuning these can control the
complexity of the model and prevent
overfitting.

Logistic Regression:

Similar to linear regression, it involves


tuning regularization parameters.
Additionally, the decision threshold can be
tuned for classification problems to balance
precision and recall.
Decision Tree:

Hyperparameters like the depth of the tree,


minimum number of samples required to
split a node, and minimum number of
samples required at a leaf node can be
tuned to prevent the tree from being too
complex or too simple.

K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN):

The number of neighbors (k) is a critical


hyperparameter that can be tuned. Also, the
distance metric (like Euclidean or
Manhattan) and the weights given to
neighbors can be optimized.
Support Vector Machines (SVM):

Key hyperparameters include the penalty


parameter C, the kernel type (linear, polynomial,
RBF, etc.), and the kernel's specific parameters
(like degree of the polynomial, gamma in the
RBF kernel).

Tuning Methods

Grid Search: Exhaustive search over a


specified parameter grid.

Random Search: Randomized search over


parameters, which is often faster and can
yield good results.
Bayesian Optimization: Uses a probabilistic
model to guide the search for the best
hyperparameters.

Gradient-based Optimization: For


differentiable hyperparameters, this method
can be used.

Evolutionary Algorithms: Inspired by natural


evolution, these algorithms search the
hyperparameter space iteratively.

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