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TLE10 Q2 W - Number Systems

The document explains various computer number systems, including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal, which are essential for computer operations. It highlights that computers process data using these systems, converting human-readable characters into numerical representations. The binary system, being the simplest for electronic components, is emphasized for its role in data representation and processing.

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17 views18 pages

TLE10 Q2 W - Number Systems

The document explains various computer number systems, including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal, which are essential for computer operations. It highlights that computers process data using these systems, converting human-readable characters into numerical representations. The binary system, being the simplest for electronic components, is emphasized for its role in data representation and processing.

Uploaded by

zhenagarcia18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Number

Systems
Computer Number Systems
• The number system is a way to represent or express
numbers.
• Humans use words and characters to communicate.
We are accustomed to working with numbers, letters,
and words.
• Computer systems cannot handle this kind of data, only
numbers or machine language can be accepted.
• Each object represents a value of a number, and instead
of using the number, we made use of a symbol with an
assigned value to help us solve the problem.
Reading the Key Idea/Stem
• Computers understand numbers differently from humans,
necessitating the need for an entirely other system. Every
time we enter text into a device, the characters are
converted into numbers that only the computer can
comprehend.
• A computer can comprehend a positional number system
which uses a small number of digits depending on their
position in the number that can indicate a variety of
values. A number system is defined as a writing system for
denoting numbers logically using digits or symbols.
Reading the Key Idea/Stem
• The following types of number systems are supported
by computers
• Binary System
• Octal System
• Decimal System
• Hexadecimal System
• Computers represent and modify data using a variety of
different number systems.
Reading the Key Idea/Stem
• For instance, the hexadecimal number system is
frequently used in computer programming, but number
system is used to represent data in computer's memory
and in communications between computer equipment.
• The selection of a number system is determined by the
particular application and needs of the computer
system.
• The number system helps to represent numbers in a
small symbol set.
Reading the Key Idea/Stem
• Computers use binary number systems because it is
the simplest number system to implement using
electronic components.
• A binary system can represent all data and instructions
in a computer as a combination of 0 and 1, which can
be easily represented using electronic switches.
• In computers, there are primarily four types of number
systems.
Binary Number System

•The simplest number system to implement using


electronic components.
•Base 2.
• The binary system uses only two digits: 0 and 1. Each
position in a binary number represents a power of 2.
• Only the "on" and "off" states of a switch may be
understood by a computer.
• Example: 110100
• In the decimal system, which is • In the binary system, which is
also called the base-10 system, also called the base-2 system,
each digit from 0 to 9 each digit from 0 to 1
represents a number. represents a number.
•5 • 101
• 12 • 1100
• GWAPO • 01000111 01010111 01000001
01010000 01001111

11
12
BINARY

What is Binary?
• Binary describes a numbering scheme in which
there are only two possible values for each digit
that is 0 or 1.
• These systems use this code to understand
operational instructions and user input and to
present a relevant output to the user.

• The computer system use binary number system due to computer system
architecture and the micro-architecture of the processor chip.
BINARY CONVERSION

• To fully understand IP addressing, you must be familiar with binary-to-decimal


conversion.
• To find the decimal equivalent of a binary number, you must add the binary values.
• Binary numbers use eight bits to create a byte.
• Each bit in the byte has a certain value, and if a bit is turned on (assigned a value of 1),
then the byte takes on that decimal value.
• Each bit has a value that starts at 1 and doubles in value from right to left.

• Convert 10111101 into Decimal


BINARY TO DECIMAL

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Binary:

Decimal:

15
Octal Number System

Base-8 Place Values Conversion


The octal system uses The place values are Converting between
eight digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 8^0, 8^1, 8^2, and so octal and binary is
4, 5, 6, and 7. Each on, moving from right straightforward. Each
position represents a to left. This system is octal digit can be
power of 8. more concise than represented by three
binary. binary digits.
Decimal Number System
Base-10
The decimal system uses ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
Each position represents a power of 10.

Place Values
The place values are 10^0, 10^1, 10^2, and so on, moving from
right to left. This system is the most familiar to humans.

Conversion
Converting between decimal and other number systems is a
fundamental skill in computer science.
Hexadecimal Number
System
Base-16 Uses sixteen digits: 0-9 and A-F

Place Values 16^0, 16^1, 16^2, and so on

Conversion Easily converted between


binary and decimal

Applications Used in memory addressing


and color representation

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