Solution

GRADE 9 FULL PORTION - SCIENCE

Class 09 - Science
Section A
1.
(c) (A) Vapourisation (B) Condensation
Explanation:
The correct figure is:

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2.
(b) Lysosome
Explanation:
The lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle found in nearly all animal cells. They are spherical vesicles that contain
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hydrolytic enzymes that can break down many kinds of biomolecules. It is also known as suicidal bags or the Garbage disposal
system as it cleans the degenerating cells inside the body.
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3.
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(d)
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Explanation:
When the parachutist jumps off the plane his vertical speed is 0 m/s. The speed will increase constantly due to the gravitational
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field strength of the Earth, which makes the parachutist accelerate uniformly downwards. At this point, choice B and choice D
are eliminated because the two graphs show a deceleration.
When the parachute opens, there is a sudden strong opposing air resistance acting against the parachutist, which causes the
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speed of the parachutist to drop drastically and eventually reach a constant speed known as terminal velocity.

4. (a) Horticulture
Explanation:
The horticulture is the branch that deals with art, science, technology, and business of growing plants.
5.
(c) the basal most layer of cells
Explanation:
Stratified epithelium contains two or more layers of epithelial cells with the cells in the deepest (basal) layer in contact with the
basement membrane. The multiple cell layers make it strong and capable of resisting stress and protecting underlying tissue.

6.
(d) cellulose
Explanation:

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 Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae, and the
oomycetes. Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms. Thus, cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth.

7.
(b) ii, iii and iv only
Explanation:
According to law of constant proportions, the ratio of carbon and oxygen by weight should always be 3 : 8 in CO2.
In experiment i - C : O = 3 : 8
In experiment ii - C : O = 1.2 : 3
In experiment iii - C : O = 4.5 : 6.5
In experiment iv - C : O = 4 : 26.3

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8.
(c) heart
Explanation:

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Involuntary muscles are found in walls of hollow tubular organs like an alimentary canal, ducts of glands, urogenital ducts, and
blood vessels except the heart. They show slow contractions but remain contracted for a long period of time.

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9.
(c) 40 g wt
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Explanation:

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Loss in weight = Difference in reading, i.e. 84 – 44 = 40 units. [Scale is not graduated with respective units]

10. (a) uniform acceleration

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Explanation:
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Relation among velocity, distance, time, and acceleration is called equations of motion. There are three equations of motion.
Equation of motion can be used for a body having uniform acceleration.
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11. (a) the volume of nucleus is smaller than that of atom.
Explanation:
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A small fraction of α -particles were deflected through small angles and a few through larger angles. Some of the α -particles
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suffered deflection by 90 or even larger angels. For this to happen, α -particles (positively charged) must approach a heavy
positively charged core inside the atom (like charges repel each other). This heavy positively charged core inside the atom was
named as the nucleus. Since the number of α- particles that bounced back was very small, hence, the volume occupied by the
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nucleus is very small as compared to the total volume of the atom.

12.
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(c) adipose tissue

Explanation:
Adipose connective tissue is filled with fat globules for the storage of fat. It acts as insulator.

13. (a) Cell Y will turn blue-black.

Explanation:
Algae contains chloroplast. Under the sunlight, algae will photosynthesise and produces starch. As cell X lacked chloroplast, it
will not make starch while the cell Y will make it. Starch turns blue-black in the presence of iodine. Cell Y made starch by
photosynthesis, thus it will turn blue-black with iodine solution.
14.
(b) egg albumin
Explanation:
Egg albumin has a particle size of the order 10-9 to 10-12 i.e. of the order of colloidal size. Due to which it is not able to form a
clear solution in water and results into a colloidal solution.

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15.
(b) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation:
Option (i) Decaying of wood and (ii) Burning of wood are chemical changes because in these processes, the chemical
composition of wood is changed and new substances are formed. Which cannot be converted back into their original form.
In (iii) Sawing of wood and (iv) Hammering of a nail into a piece of wood, the chemical composition of wood is not changed,
therefore, (iii) and (iv) are physical changes.

16.
(d) Catla
Explanation:
Catla is the fastest growing Indian major carp species and widely distributed throughout India, Nepal, Pakistan, Burma, and
Bangladesh.

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17.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

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Explanation:

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The speedometer of a car measures the instantaneous speed of the car.

18.
(d) A is false but R is true.
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Explanation:
Certain solids directly change to the gaseous state upon heating without passing through the liquid state. The process is called
sublimation.
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19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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Explanation:
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Meristematic tissues are growth tissues and found in the growing regions of the plant. According to their position in plant,
meristems are apical, lateral, and intercalary.
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i. Apical meristem - Apical meristem is present at the growing tips of stems and roots and increases the length of the stem
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and the root.

ii. Lateral meristem - Lateral meristems are found beneath the bark. The girth of the stem or root increases due to lateral
meristem (cambium).
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iii. Intercalary meristem - Intercalary meristem is the meristem at the base of the leaves or internodes (on either side of the
node) on twigs. It increases the length of the organs such as leaves and internodes.
20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
21. Commercial unit of energy= kilowatt hour i.e. kWh
SI unit energy =Joule (J)
We know that; 1 kWh = 1 kW × 1 h = 1000 W × 3600 s = 1000 Js-1 × 3600 s = 3600000 J = 3.6 × 106J
Therefore, 1kWh = 3.6 × 106J
OR
When salt is mixed with water it increases the density of water and, hence, its density becomes greater than that of the density of
egg which now floats in it.
22. When we apply pressure to the particles of the matter, then the particles come closer to each other because pressure is the force
applied per cross-sectional area so the force applied brings the particle closer to each other.
23. Given : Time = 2s, velocity of sound in water = 1531 ms-1
Let the depth of water = d
Therefore total distance travelled by sound before it is detected by the sonar = 2 d

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 Using the expression distance = Velocity × Time
We have 2d = 1531 × 2
Therefore d = = 1531 m
1531×2

24. Naphthalene has a tendency to sublime i.e. it changes directly to the gaseous state. Therefore, the size of the naphthalene balls
slowly decreases and ultimately they disappear. No solid residue is left.

25. i. Initial velocity of the car (u) = 90 kmh-1

= 25 ms-1
Final velocity of the car (v) = 18 kmh-1 = 5 ms-1
Time (t) = 4s
Acceleration = (a) = ?
We know: v = u = at
5 = 25 + a × 4

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∴ -a × 4 = 20

= - 5ms-2
−20
⇒ a= 4

ii. Change in momentum (p) = m (v - u)

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= 1200 (5 - 25)
= 1200 × (-20)

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= -2400 Ns
m(v−u)
iii. Magnitude of force (F) = t
=
24000

= 6000 N
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OR
The initial velocity of the ball is 20 cm s-1.
Due to the frictional force exerted by the table, the velocity of the ball decreases down to zero in 10 s.
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Thus, u = 20 cm s-1; v = 0 cm s-1 and t = 10 s. Since the velocity-time graph is a straight line, it is clear that the ball moves with a
constant acceleration. The acceleration 'a' is given by
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v−u
a=
t
20
−1 −1
(0cms −20cms )

=
10s

= -2 cm s-2 = -0.02 m s-2

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The force exerted on the ball F is obtained from Newton's 2nd law of motion
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(-0.02 m s-2)
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F = ma = ( 1000
)×

= - 0.0004 N
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The negative sign implies that the frictional force exerted by the table is opposite to the direction of motion of the ball.
26. From the given symbol of 'X', we have mass number = 31 and atomic number = 15.
No. of protons = Atomic number = 15 ... (1)
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Mass number = 31
or No. of protons + No. of neutrons = 31
or Number of neutrons = 31 - Number of protons
or Number of neutrons = 31 - 15 [From (1)]
or Number of neutrons = 16
The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an element 31
15
X is 16.
Section C
27. i.

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 ii.

iii.

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28. i. Particles Discoverer

Electrons J.J. Thomson

Protons Rutherford

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Neutrons Chadwick

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ii. View point in support of scientist as he discourages superstition.
29. Speed = Slope of distance - time graph. The smaller the slope, the smaller is the speed.
OR
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i. Volume in iron ball = 200 cm3
Mass of iron ball = 200 × 10-6 × 7800 = 1.56 kg
∴

Weight of iron ball in air = m × g = 1.56 × 10

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Weight of iron ball in air = 15.6 N

ii. Upthrust = Volume of water displaced (V) × density of water (d) × g
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= Vdg = 2 × 10-4 × 1000 × 10

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Upthrust = 2N
iii. Apparent weight = True weight - Upthrust = (15.6 - 2)
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Apparent weight = 13.6 N

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iv. Apparent density = density of solid - density of liquid = 7800 - 1000

Apparent density = 6800 kgm-3
30. i. a. As potential energy decreases with decreasing height, the speed of the object will increase and hence its kinetic energy will
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increase.
b. Total mechanical energy will remain constant.
It is based on the law of conservation of energy which states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed/. It can
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only be transformed from one form to another.

ii. 1 kWh = 3.6 × 106 J

31. i. Here, initial velocity, u = 0
Using Newton's second law of motion, s = ut + 1

2
at
2
=
1

2
2
at [∵ u = 0]
2s
We get, a = 2
t

Time (in second) Distance (in metre) a = 2 s/t2

0 0 0

1 1 2

2 8 4

3 27 6

4 64 8

5 125 10

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 6 216 12

7 343 14
Thus, acceleration is increasing.
ii. Since acceleration is increasing, so the net unbalanced force is acting on the object.
32. In prokaryotic cell, genetic material in not surrounded by membrane. This undefined region where genetic material is present, is
known as nucleoid.
In eukaryotic cell, genetic material is surrounded by nuclear membrane.
OR
After 1 hour the solutions on both the sides of the semipermeable membrane will become isotonic because of the process of
osmosis.
33. The cells of striated muscle fibres are long or elongated, non-tapering and cylindrical and unbranched. These cells have a number
of nuclei. These muscle fibres show alternate dark and light bands or striations (under the microscope) and hence, they are called

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striated muscles. Striated muscles occur in muscles of limbs, body wall, face, neck, etc.

Functions of striated muscles are as follows:

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(i) Striated muscles are powerful and undergo rapid contraction. They are also called skeletal muscles.
(ii) Striated muscles provide the force for locomotion and all other voluntary movements of the body. Hence, they are also called

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voluntary muscles.
On the other hand, some muscles do not bear any bands, stripes or striations across them (under the microscope) and hence, they
are called smooth or unstriated muscles. The cells of these muscle fibres are uninucleate. Smooth muscles occur as bundles or
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sheets of elongated fusiform or spindle-shaped cells or fibre. They are held together by loose connective tissues. These muscles

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are found in the walls of internal organs such as the alimentary canal, stomach, intestine, ureters, bronchi, iris of the eye, ducts of
glands and blood vessels.
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Functions of unstriated or smooth muscles are as follows:
(i) Smooth muscles do not work according to our will, so they are also called involuntary muscles. Movement of food in the
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alimentary canal or the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels are involuntary movements.
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(ii) Smooth muscles contract slowly but can remain contracted for a long period of time. The ingested food passes to the next step
of digestion in the alimentary canal due to this characteristic.
Section D
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34. Since the weight of any person on the moon is about 1/6 times that on the earth, hence acceleration due to gravity at the moon is
1/6 of that on earth. This means that by applying the same force a person can lift six times heavier objects on the moon than what
he could lift on the earth. So, the maximum mass which can be lifted by the same force applied by the person on the moon is 6 ×
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15 kg = 90 kg.
OR
i. The cube will experience a greater buoyant force in saturated salt solution than in water because density of saturated salt
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solution is more than the density of water. If each side of the cube is reduced to 4 cm, it will result in reduction in volume of
the cube. Hence, the buoyant force experienced by it will reduce in water.
ii. Buoyant force = weight of displaced water
= density of water × volume of displaced water × g
4 weight
= 1000 × 4000
× 10 [∵ volume = density
]
= 10 N
35. i. Nucleus
ii. Golgi apparatus
iii. Cell wall
iv. Cytoplasm

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 v. Nucleoplasm.

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Figure: A plant cell
OR
i. Cell wall

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Cell membrane

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It is present in bacteria, fungi, and plant cells. It is absent in It is present in all cells.
animal cells and protozoans.

There is no other name of the cell wall. The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane or
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The cell wall is completely permeable. The cell membrane is semi-permeable.

The cell wall is made up of cellulose.

08 The cell membrane is made up of lipids and proteins.
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ii. Nuclear region of bacterial cell Nuclear region of an animal cell

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Smaller in size. Larger in size.

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The nuclear membrane is absent, the nucleolus is absent. The nucleus is regarded as Nuclear membrane with nucleolus
the nucleoid. present.
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iii. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell

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The size of a cell is generally small. The size of a cell is generally large.

The true nucleus is absent. The true nucleus is present.

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It contains a single chromosome. Contains more than one chromosome.

Membrane-bound cell organelles absent. Membrane-bound cell organelles present.

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36. S.No. Compounds Mixtures

Mixture is formed by simply mixing two or

Compounds are formed as a result of chemical reactions between two
1. 1. more constituents. There are no chemical
or more elements or compounds.
reactions between the constituents.

The components of a compound are always present in a definite ratio The components of a mixture may be present
2. 2.
by mass. in any ratio.

The properties of a compound are entirely different from its The properties of a mixture are the same as
3. 3.
constituents. those of its constituents.

Mixtures are usually heterogeneous (except in

4. Compounds are always homogeneous in nature. 4.
solutions).

Heat, light or electrical energy may not be

Compound formation is accompanied by absorption or evolution of
5. 5. evolved or absorbed during the formation of a
light, heat or electrical energy.
mixture.

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 6. Melting and boiling points of a compound are usually sharp and 6. Melting and boiling points of a mixture are
fixed. usually not sharp and fixed.

The constituent elements of a compound can not be separated by any

The constituent elements of the mixture can
7. physical method. Special chemical methods or electrochemical 7.
be easily separated by physical means.
methods are employed to separate them.

For example, A mixture of iron filings and

8. For example, Water, Carbon dioxide. 8.
sulphur.
Section E
37. i. Apical Meristem
ii. Parenchyma tissue, in aquatic plant large air cavities are present in parenchyma to give buoyancy to plant help them to float.
iii. Collenchyma tissue provide flexibility.
OR

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Husk of the coconut is hard and stiff because they are made of up sclerenchymatous tissue the cell of the tissue is dead they
are long and narrow as the wall is thickened due to lignin.
38. i. Ramesh can use cross-breeding he can crossbreed his local breeds buffaloes with exotic or foreign bread who have long

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lactation period to increase the milk production.

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ii. We will provide vaccination to our cattle against viral and bacterial disease in order to protect them.
iii. To maintain hygiene regular brushing of cattle to remove dirt and loose hair in addition to this the floor of cattle shed should
be slopping to facilitate cleaning.
OR
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Bos indicus and Bos bubalis.

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39. i. Since blood is a colloid, so tyndall effect is observed when a beam of light is passed through it since the dispersed particles of
a colloid are large, deflect light.
ii. The phenomenon by which the colloidal particles scatter light is called Tyndall effect. If light is passed through a colloid the
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light is scattered by the larger colloidal particles and the, beam becomes visible.
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iii. Colloidal solutions area mixture in which the substances are regularly suspended in a fluid. A colloid is a very tiny and small
material that is spread out uniformly all through another substance.
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OR
Fog: Liquid (water drops) acts as dispersed phase and gas (air) as the dispersion medium.
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