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Finding Probability

The document introduces the concept of probability through an experiment involving the throwing of a pair of dice. It outlines the necessary materials, procedures for creating a probability experiment, and how to calculate the probability of various outcomes. Additionally, it includes a learning outcome section for students to fill in their findings related to the probability of specific sums from the dice rolls.

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46 views5 pages

Finding Probability

The document introduces the concept of probability through an experiment involving the throwing of a pair of dice. It outlines the necessary materials, procedures for creating a probability experiment, and how to calculate the probability of various outcomes. Additionally, it includes a learning outcome section for students to fill in their findings related to the probability of specific sums from the dice rolls.

Uploaded by

Kushal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Acbiviby

FINDING
PROBABILITY
To familiarise with the idea of probability of an event by throwing a pair of dice.

Prior Knowledge
❖ Probability is the likelihood of something happening in the future.
❖ Probability is expressed as a number between zero to one.
Number of ways it can happen
❖ Probability of an event happening= b f
Tota 1num er o outcomes
❖ The set of outcomes of a random experiment is called sample space.
❖ That probability is the measure of chance or uncertainty of happening of events.
❖ The possible outcomes on throwing a pair of dice are:
(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (1, 6)
(2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (2, 6)
(3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) (3, 4) (3, 5) (3, 6)
(4, 1) (4, 2) (4, 3) (4, 4) (4, 5) (4, 6)
(5, 1) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4) (5, 5) (5, 6)
(6, 1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) (6,6)

Material Reqµired
,:. Glazed papers of different colours ❖ Fevicol
❖ Cardboard Sheet
❖ Sketch pens ❖ Scissors/cutter ❖ Geometry box

Procedure ' r

O Take a square piece of cardboard having dimensions 36 cm x 36 cm .


o Paste glazed papers of d ifferent colours on both the sides say, yellow an d pink.
o Draw grid containing 36 squares of size 1 cm X l cm each on the cardboard.
90 VK Lab Manual Mathematics
0 Cut 36 squared cards from this cardboard by using the cutter. Each squared card should have
different colours (yellow, pink) on both the sides. [fig. (i)]
0 Write number 1 on yellow side of six cards and on their back side (write numbers 1 to 6. In
this way, we have cards represent ing six outcomes (1, l); (1, 2); (1, 3); (1, 4); (1, 5); (I, 6).
0 Similarly, write numbers on the yellow and pink sides of each card to represent the remaining
outcomes i.e., (2, 1), (2, 2), .......... (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), .......... (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2) .............. (4, 6)
and so on. [Table 1.]
Table 1

1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6

2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6

3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6

4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,6

5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6

6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 6,5 6,6

Fig. (i)

0 Put all the 36 cards into a box or a bag. [fig. (ii)]


0 Make a table (Table 2) containing column correspon ding to:
• 36 possible outcomes
• Events for which we have to find the probability.
0 Let us find the probability of following:
Sum of numbers on the dice is 6.
Sum of numbers on the dice is less than 6.
Sum of numbers on the dice is atleast 6.
Sum of numbers on the dice is atmost 6.
0 Take out each card (randomly) one by one wi'th ou t rep1acement d fill h Fig. (ii) .
(✓) mark on favourable outcomes and ("v) m ark oth erw1se.
. an t e (table 2) by putting

Continue till all cards are taken out.


Count the total number of(✓) marks. (favou rable outcomes )
Write the total possible outcomes (36).
Class X 91
Tobie 2
~

Possible outcomes .
S. No. Sum Sum
No. of Yellow No. of Pink Sum= 6 Sum< 6
atleast 6 atmost 6
Side Side
r

1. 2 1 .)( ✓ .)( ✓

'
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3.

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2 1.
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25 .

26.
92 VK Lab Manual Mathematics
-
27.
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36.
Number of favourable outcomes

Observation
All cards are of same size and are drawn without looking into the box/bag. Therefore, the
drawings are random.
The number of(✓) marks show the number of favourable outcomes for an event of the
experiment of throwing a pair of dice.

LEARNING OUTCOME
Students will be able to fill the following:
Total number of possible outcomes =------
Total number of favourable outcomes (sum = 6) =
Total number of favourable outcomes (sum< 6) =
- - -- --
- - - -- -
Total number of favourable outcomes (sum atleast 6) =
Total number of favounible outcomes (sum atmost 6) =
- - --- -
Probability of sum = 6 is _ _ _ __ _ - - - - - -
Probability of sum < 6 is _ __ _ __
Probability of atleast 6 is _ __ _ __
Probability of atmost 6 is _ __ _ __

. No . of favourable outcomes}
{By using formula = --::-::---::---:-----
No. of total outcomes

ACTIVITY TIME
Find the probability of the other possible events by u · h
sing t e above data.
ClassX 93
VIVA VOCE
1. What do you mean by favourable outcome?
Ans. A favourable outcom e is the desirable outcome.
2. What do you mean by outcome of an experiment?
Ans. An outcome is a possible result of an experiment.
3. Give an idea of probability of an event.
Ans. The probability of an event means the chance of its occurrence or the chances that
we will
observe an event at a certain time.
Ill

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