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MPS W2-L1 AVR History

The document is a lecture outline on microprocessor systems, focusing on CPU architecture, specifically comparing microprocessors and microcontrollers. It covers the AVR family of microcontrollers, including their history, classification, and features, as well as discussing various processor architectures like CISC and RISC. The lecture also highlights the ATmega16A microcontroller, detailing its specifications and applications.

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11 views26 pages

MPS W2-L1 AVR History

The document is a lecture outline on microprocessor systems, focusing on CPU architecture, specifically comparing microprocessors and microcontrollers. It covers the AVR family of microcontrollers, including their history, classification, and features, as well as discussing various processor architectures like CISC and RISC. The lecture also highlights the ATmega16A microcontroller, detailing its specifications and applications.

Uploaded by

saadbutt43215
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

EE-222 Microprocessor Systems

Introduction to CPU Architecture


Week 2-Lecture 1

Dr. Sara Shakil Qureshi


2

Outline
• Microprocessor vs Microcontrollers – Revisited
• More common microcontrollers
• AVR History
▫ Introduction to AVR family
▫ AVR family classification & AVR features
▫ Block view of an AVR microcontroller
▫ Companies producing microcontrollers
3

Microprocessor Vs Microcontrollers
• General Purpose Microprocessors

• Microcontrollers
4

Most common microcontrollers


• 32-bit microcontrollers
▫ ARM
▫ AVR32
▫ PIC32
• 8-bit microcontrollers
▫ AVR
▫ PIC
▫ 8051
AVR History
6

Introduction to AVR Family


• Developed by Atmel corporation in 1996.
▫ Acquired by Microchip Technology in 2016.

• Advanced virtual RISC or Alf and Vegard RISC

• AVR is an 8-bit RISC based single chip microprocessor with


Harvard architecture.
▫ Code ROM, Data ROM (EEPROM), RAM, I/O & Timers.

• Support some serial interfaces


▫ CAN, I2C, USB, UART, SPI.
7

8-bit microcontrollers???

cl e
o n Cy
ut i
e c
1 Ex
ll i n
A
8

Processor Architectures

CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing)

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing)

EPIC (Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing)

VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word)

ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)

FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)


9

CISC vs RISC
10

CISC vs RISC
CISC

RISC
11

CISC vs RISC Instructions


12

CISC vs RISC
13

CISC
Advantages and Disadvantages

RISC
Advantages and Disadvantages
14
15

Companies producing microcontrollers


16

RISC vs CISC
• s
17

AVR Family Overview

ATmega16A

https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/30010135D.pdf
18

Special Purpose AVR


AT90PWM216, AT90USB1287, AT90CAN128
AVR Variations
• AVR microcontrollers are available in three categories:
▫ TinyAVR – Less memory, small size, suitable only for simpler applications
▫ MegaAVR – These are the most popular ones having good amount of memory
(upto 256 KB), higher number of inbuilt peripherals and suitable for moderate to
complex applications.
▫ XmegaAVR – Used commercially for complex applications, which require large
program memory and high speed.
19

AVR Variations
20

AVR Advantages
21

ATmega16A
• 8-bit microcontrollers based on AVR enhanced RISC architecture.
• 16KB Programmable Flash Memory, 1KB SRAM
• 32x8 general purpose registers
• 3 timers/ counters (2x 8-bit, 1x16-bit)
• Pin count – 44
• 512 B EEPROM
• 10-bit ADC

https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/atmel-8154-8-bit-avr-atmega16a_datasheet.pdf
22

ATmega16A Pin-out

https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/atmel-8154-8-bit-avr-atmega16a_datasheet.pdf
23

AVR Architecture - Block Diagram


24
25

Conclusion
• Processor architectures
▫ CISC
▫ RISC
• AVR history
• AVR family classification
• ATmega16A
▫ Features
▫ Pin-out
▫ Block diagrams
26

Questions?

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