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Force & Law of Motion

The document explains the concepts of force and laws of motion, detailing how force can initiate motion, change velocity, alter direction, and modify the shape of objects. It distinguishes between balanced forces, which do not change an object's state, and unbalanced forces, which can cause acceleration and change an object's state. Additionally, it outlines Newton's First and Second Laws of Motion, emphasizing the role of inertia, mass, and the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

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Shaurya Chauhan
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43 views2 pages

Force & Law of Motion

The document explains the concepts of force and laws of motion, detailing how force can initiate motion, change velocity, alter direction, and modify the shape of objects. It distinguishes between balanced forces, which do not change an object's state, and unbalanced forces, which can cause acceleration and change an object's state. Additionally, it outlines Newton's First and Second Laws of Motion, emphasizing the role of inertia, mass, and the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

Uploaded by

Shaurya Chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Force & Laws of motion

To move a stationary object from one place to another, we need to put some effort. This effort is
known as force. For Example, a push, a hit or a pull.

force can do the following to stationary objects –

● initiate motion in a motionless object


● change (increase or decrease) the velocity of the moving object
● alter the direction of a moving object
● change the shape and size of an object

Balanced Forces – When equal amounts of forces are applied to an object from different
directions such that they cancel out each other, such forces are known as balanced forces.

● Balanced forces do not change the state of rest or motion of an object.


● Balanced forces may change the shape and size of an object.
Unbalanced Force – When forces applied to an object are of different magnitude (or not in
opposite directions to cancel out each other), such forces are unbalanced forces.

● Unbalanced forces can alter the state of rest or motion of an object.


● Unbalanced forces can cause acceleration in an object.
● Unbalanced forces can change the shape and size of an object.

The
First Law of Motion or The Law of Inertia
Whether an object is moving uniformly on a straight path or is at rest, its state would not change
until and unless an external force is applied to it.

Hence, we can say that objects oppose a change in their state of motion or rest. This tendency of
objects to remain in the state of rest or to keep moving uniformly is called Inertia.

Examples of Inertia
● We fall back when a vehicle starts moving in the forward direction because our body is in
the rest state and it opposes the motion of the vehicle.
● We fall forward when brakes are applied in a car because our body is opposite the
change of state of motion to rest.
Inertia and Mass

● The inertia of an object is dependent upon its mass.


● Lighter objects have less inertia, that is, they can easily change their state of rest or
motion.
● Heavier objects have large inertia and therefore they show more resistance.
● Hence ‘Mass’ is called a measure of the inertia of an object
●
● The leaves fall when the branch of the tree is shaken.
● The coin falls down in the glass instead of swinging away with the card.

SECOND LAW OF MOTIONThe second law of motion talks about the relation between Force ,
mass & acceleration.

It also tells about the momentum (p) exerted by the object.

P ( momentum) = mass x velocity


So, p = mv
Since, force F = mass(m) x acceleration (a)
Force is directly proportional to the change in momentum & inversely proportional to the time .
So, F= change in momentum / time
F= m(v-u) /t
F=ma

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