Question Paper Code: 21X615

Reg no:

PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University
CHENNAI -600 123

B.E./ B.Tech. DEGREE END SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS APRIL / MAY 2022

Fifth Semester
B.E. – Mechanical Engineering
ME 8594 – DYNAMICS OF MACHINES
(Regulations R2017)
Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 Marks
Answer ALL Questions
PART A (10×2=20 Marks)
1. State the D-Alembert’s principle.

2. Sate the difference between flywheel and Governer.

3. Differentiate between static and dynamic balancing

4. What is Tractive force

5. A rod 20mm diameter and 1.5m long is rigidly fixed at one end and has a mass of 2 kg
concentrated at other end. Ignoring the weight of the rod. Calculate the frequency of
longitudinal vibration. Take E -200 GPA
6. Sate the difference between node and antinode.

7. What is vibration isolation?

8. Define the term “Magnification factor” or “Dynamic magnifier (D)”

9. Define-“Height of a Governor”

10. What is active force in gyroscope.

PART – B (5x13 = 65 Marks)

11. a. The crank and connecting rod of a petrol engine, running at 1800 r.p.m.are (13)
50 mm and 200 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston is 80 mm and
the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1 kg. At a point during the power
stroke, the pressure on the piston is 0.7 N/mm2, when it has moved 10 mm
from the inner dead centre. Determine: 1. Net load on the gudgeon pin, 2.
Thrust in the connecting rod, 3. Reaction between the piston and cylinder,
and 4. The engine speed at which the above values become zero.
(OR)
 Question Paper Code: 21X615

b. The turning moment diagram for a multi-cylinder engine has been drawn (13)
to a scale of 1 mm to 500 N-m torque and 1 mm to 6° of crank
displacement. The intercepted areas between output torque curve and
mean resistance line taken in order from one end, in sq. mm are – 30, +
410, – 280, + 320, – 330, + 250, – 360, + 280, – 260 sq. mm, when the
engine is running at 800 r.p.m. The engine has a stroke of 300 mm and
the fluctuation of speed is not to exceed ± 2% of the mean speed.
Determine a suitable diameter and cross-section of the flywheel rim for a
limiting value of the safe centrifugal stress of 7 MPa. The material
density may be assumed as 7200 kg/m3. The width of the rim is to be 5
times the thickness.

12 a. A, B, C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 125, (13)
200 and 150 mm respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are
spaced 600 mm apart and the mass of B, C and D are 10 kg, 5 kg, and 4 kg
respectively. Find the required mass A and the relative angular settings of
the four masses so that the shaft shall be in complete balance.
(OR)

b. The cranks and connecting rods of a 4-cylinder in-line engine running at (13)
1800 r.p.m. are 60 mm and 240 mm each respectively and the cylinders
are spaced 150 mm apart. If the cylinders are numbered 1 to 4 in
sequence from one end, the cranks appear at intervals of 90° in an end
view in the order 1-4-2-3. The reciprocating mass corresponding to each
cylinder is 1.5 kg. Determine Unbalanced primary and secondary forces

13 a. The measurements on a mechanical vibrating system show that it has a (13)

mass of 8 kg and that the springs can be combined to give an equivalent
spring of stiffness 5.4 N/mm. If the vibrating system have a dashpot
attached which exerts a force of 40 N when the mass has a velocity of 1
m/s, find : 1. critical damping coefficient, 2. damping factor, 3.
Logarithmic decrement, and 4. ratio of two consecutive amplitudes.
(OR)

b. A shaft 1.5 m long, supported in flexible bearings at the ends carries two (13)
wheels each of 50 kg mass. One wheel is situated at the centre of the shaft
and the other at a distance of 375 mm from the centre towards left. The
shaft is hollow of external diameter 75 mm and internal diameter 40 mm.
The density of the shaft material is 7700 kg/m3 and its modulus of
elasticity is 200 GN/m2. Find the lowest whirling speed of the shaft, taking
into account the mass of the shaft.
 Question Paper Code: 21X615

14 a. A mass of 10 kg is suspended from one end of a helical spring, the other (13)
end being fixed. The stiffness of the spring is 10 N/mm. The viscous
damping causes the amplitude to decrease to one-tenth of the initial value
in four complete oscillations. If a periodic force of 150 cos 50j t N is
applied at the mass in the vertical direction, find the amplitude of the
forced vibrations. What is its value of resonance ?
(OR)

b. The mass of an electric motor is 120 kg and it runs at 1500 r.p.m. The (13)
armature mass is 35 kg and its C.G. lies 0.5 mm from the axis of rotation.
The motor is mounted on five springs of negligible damping so that the
force transmitted is one-eleventh of the impressed force. Assume that the
mass of the motor is equally distributed among the five springs.
Determine: 1. stiffness of each spring; 2. dynamic force transmitted to the
base at the operating speed; and 3. natural frequency of the system.

15. a. A Porter governor has all four arms 250 mm long. The upper arms are (13)
attached on the axis of rotation and the lower arms are attached to the
sleeve at a distance of 30 mm from the axis. The mass of each ball is 5 kg
and the sleeve has a mass of 50 kg. The extreme radii of rotation are 150
mm and 200 mm. Determine the range of speed of the governor
(OR)

b. A four wheeled motor car of mass 2000 kg has a wheel base 2.5 m, track (13)
width 1.5 m and height of centre of gravity 500 mm above the ground level
and lies at 1 metre from the front axle. Each wheel has an effective
diameter of 0.8 m and a moment of inertia of 0.8 kg-m2. The drive shaft,
engine flywheel and transmission are rotating at 4 times the speed of road
wheel, in a clockwise direction when viewed from the front, and is
equivalent to a mass of 75 kg having a radius of gyration of 100 mm. If the
car is taking a right turn of 60 m radius at 60 km/h, find the load on each
wheel.

PART – C (1x15 = 15 Marks)

16 a. A vertical, single cylinder, single acting diesel engine has a cylinder (15)
diameter 300 mm, stroke length 500 mm, and connecting rod length 4.5
times the crank length. The engine runs at 180 r.p.m. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 280 kg. The compression ratio is 14 and the pressure
remains constant during the injection of the oil for 1/10th of the stroke. If
the compression and expansion follows the law PV1.35 = constant, find: 1.
Crank-pin effort, 2. Thrust on the bearings, and 3. Turning moment on the
crank shaft, when the crank displacement is 45° from the inner dead centre
 Question Paper Code: 21X615

position during expansion stroke. The suction pressure may be taken as 0.1
N/mm2.
(OR)

b. The following particulars refer to a Proell governor with open arms : (15)
Length of all arms = 200 mm ; distance of pivot of arms from the axis of
rotation = 40mm ; length of extension of lower arms to which each ball is
attached = 100mm ; mass of each ball = 6 kg and mass of the central load
= 150 kg. If the radius of rotation of the balls is 180 mm when the arms are
inclined at an angle of 40° to the axis of rotation, find the equilibrium
speed for the above configuration.

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