CAPS-23

PHYSICS FLUID MECHANICS +

TARGET : JEE- Advanced 2023 SURFACE TENSION

SCQ (Single Correct Type) :

1. A sphere of radius R and relative density 4 is hanging with the help of a string such that it
remains just inside water. The ratio of force exerted by the liquid on upper and lower half of
the sphere is

(A) 1 : 5 (B) 1 : 4 (C) 2 : 5 (D) 1 : 3

2. A tube of given shape has cross-sectional area S and total length 2L. its bottom and upper
halves are filled with two non-viscous, non-compressible liquids of densities 3,  respectively.
If the liquid interface is slightly displaced then find its angular frequency.

3g 2g g
(A) It is not SHM (B) (C) (D)
2L L L
3. A drop of liquid of surface tension  is in between the two smooth parallel glass plates held at
a distance d apart from each other in zero gravity. The liquid wets the plate so that the drop is
a cylinder of diameter D with its curved surface at right angles to both the plates. Determine
the force acting on each of the plates from drops under the given considerations.

2
D D
(A) (B) (C) zero (D) None of these
2 2

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4. One side of vertical U–tube contains water and other contains oil as shown in figure. The ends
of the tube are connected to the two vessels of same volume. Vessel A is filled with air at
atmospheric pressure. The absolute temperature inside vessel B is one fourth that of vessel A
and number of moles inside vessel B is 5 times that of vessel A. The relative density of the oil
is: (atmospheric pressure =105 Pa, g = 10 m/s2)

2 3 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 4 2 3
5. An empty container has a circular hole of radius r at its bottom. The container is pushed into
water very slowly as shown. To what depth the lower surface of container (from surface of
water) can be pushed into water such that water does not flow into the container ?

Water

(Surface tension of water = T, density of water = )

2T 4T T T
(A) (B) (C) (D)
gr gr gr 2gr

6. Suppose there is a tank having weightless gate having a cylindrical bottom as shown in
diagram. It can rotate about a hinge O. Water is filled in the tank so that the gate just opens
i.e., rotates clockwise about the hinge when the height of water level is h above the flat portion
of the gate as shown. Obtain minimum value of h.

(A) R (B) 2R (C) R/2 (D) 3R

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Comprehension Type Question:

A horizontal thin tube of length 2L completely filled with a liquid of density  rotates about a
vertical axis passing through one of its end and along the diameter of its side face with an
constant angular velocity . Two vertical thin long tubes are fitted with the horizontal tube to
measure the pressure difference between points A and B which are at same horizontal level
as shown. Neglect viscous forces and surface tension of liquid.

 dP 
7. The graph of the pressure gradient   with the distance x measured from the axis of
 dx 

rotation is :

(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these

8. The difference in the heights (h) of the liquid column in the two vertical thin tubes is :
2L2 32L2 52L2
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
2g 2g 2g

Numerical based Questions :

9. A rigid bent light rod of total length 2 can slide on fixed wire frame with the help of frictionless

sliders. There is thin liquid film (surface tension T) between bent rod and wire frame. In
 4T 
equilibrium the elongation in spring is given by   . Then find the value of .
 5K 

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10. A wire is bend at an angle . A rod of mass m can slide along the bended wire without friction
as shown in figure. If a soap film is maintained in the frame and frame is kept in a vertical
position and rod is in equilibrium. If rod is displaced slightly in vertical direction. The time
b
period of small oscillation is a sec. where a and b are constant number then a+b is :
g

11. Due to the excess pressure of surface tension find the change in the radius (in Å) of a liquid
drop of radius 1 mm, surface tension 0.075 N/m and Bulk modulus 1.25 × 10+8 N/m2.
Matrix Match Type :
12. In Column I, position of a water level are shown in certain cases and certain things are given
and certain quantities are asked.Correctly match the asked quantity with the quantities given
in column II.
Column–I Column–II

(A) (p) 2gh

Pitot tube is used to find the speed v of the flow of
the river water. The expression for v2 is :

2gh
(B) (q)
3
Area of cross section of the narrower part of the venturi
tube is 1/2 of that of the wider part. If the velocity in the
wider part is v1 and that in the narrower part is v2 then
v12 is :

(C) (r) 4gh

If the velocity of the efflux from a wide stationary tank and small
orifice is v then v2 is :

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 (D) (s) 6gh
A cylindrical beaker containing some liquid is rotated with
constant angular speed about its axis. If the speed of the
point A is v then v2 is :
Subjective Type Questions :
13. Two identical cylindrical vessels with their bases at the same level each contain a liquid of
density  as shown in figure. The height of the liquid in one vessel is h2 and other vessels h1,
the area of either base is A. Find the work done by gravity in equalizing the levels when the
two vessels are connected.

h1
h2

Figure (1)
14. A Pitot tube is shown in figure. Wind blows in the direction shown. Air at inlet A is brought to
rest, whereas its speed just outside of opening B is unchanged. The U tube contains mercury
of density m. Find the speed of wind with respect to Pitot tube. Neglect the height difference
between A and B and take the density of air as a.

15. One end of a long iron chain of linear mass density  is fixed to a sphere of mass m and
specific density 1/3 while the other end is free. The sphere along with the chain is immersed in
a deep lake. If specific density of iron is 7, the height h above the bed of the lake at which the
sphere will float in equilibrium is (Assume that the part of the chain lying on the bottom of the
lake exerts negligible force on the upper part of the chain.) :

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16. Bubbles are made by dipping a circular ring of radius b in a soap solution and then blowing air
on the film formed on the ring. Assume that the blown air is in the form of a cylinder of radius
b. It has speed v and stops after striking the surface of the bubble being formed. The bubble
grows spherically. Let the radius R of the bubble (>> b), so that the air strikes the bubble
surface perpendicularly. The surface tension of the solution is T and air density is . Obtain
the radius of the bubble when it separates from the ring in terms of the given parameters
(neglect the mass of the bubble).

Ring of radius b

v
Blown Air

Bubble

17. A soap bubble of radius R and surface tension T is formed in vacuum. It is slowly charged so
that it slowly expands. It is stopped charging when the radius becomes 2R. Find the amount of
charge given to the bubble. (T = constant)
18. A wooden plank of length 1m and uniform cross–section is hinged at one end to the bottom of a
tank as shown in figure. The tank is filled with water upto a height 0.5 m. The specific gravity of
the plank is 0.5. Find the angle  that the plank makes with the vertical in the equilibrium
position. (exclude the cos = 0°).


19. A cylindrical rod of length  = 2m & density floats vertically in a liquid of density  as shown in
2

figure.

(i) Show that it performs SHM when pulled slightly up & released & find its time period.
Neglect change in liquid level.
(ii) Find the time taken by the rod to completely immerse when released from position shown
in (b). Assume that it remains vertical throughout its motion. (take g =  m/s )

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20. When a vertical capillary of length  with the sealed upper end was brought in contact with the

surface of a liquid, the level of this liquid rise to the height h. The liquid density is , the inside
diameter of the capillary is d, the contact angle is , the atmospheric pressure is P . Find the
surface tension of the liquid.

ANSWER KEY (CAPS-23)

1. (A) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (A)
6. (D) 7. (A) 8. (B) 9. 3 10. 3
gA
11. 4 12. (A) –p ; (B) – q ; (C) – p ; (D) – p 13. (h1  h2 )2
4

2(m  a )gh 7m 4T
14. v= 15. 16. 17. Q= 7682R3 0 T
a 3 v 2

 Ph  d
18.  = 45° 19. t = 1 sec 20. T   0  gh 
   h  4 cos 

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