Prepared by G.

SHANTHA LAKSHMI
Date : 16-01-2025 STD 11 Science Maths Total Marks : 80
Model question paper

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [18]

1. If sin θ + cosec θ = 2 , then sin

2
θ + cosec
2
θ is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4
Ans. : (a) 2
Explanation: Given sin θ + cosec θ = 2
Squaring on both sides, we get
2 2
sin θ + csc θ + 2 sin θ csc θ = 4[∵ sin θ cosec θ = 1]

2 2
⇒ sin θ + cosec θ = 4−2 = 2

2. Domain of definition of the function f (x) =

3
2
3
+ log 10 (x − x) is
4−x

(A) (−1, 0) ∪ (1, 2) ∪ (2, ∞) (B) (1, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

(C) (−1, 0) ∪ (1, 2) (D) (1, 2)

Ans. : (a) (−1, 0) ∪ (1, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

Explanation: For f(x) to be real, we must have
2 3
4−x ≠ 0 and x −x > 0

2 2
⇒ x ≠ 4 and x (x − 1) > 0

⇒ x ≠ 2, −2 and x(x − 1)(x + 1) > 0

⇒ x ≠ 2, −2 and − 1 < x < 0, 1 < x < ∞

∴ Domain = (−1, 0) ∪ (1, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

3. Two cards are drawn successively without replacement from a well-shuffled

pack of 52 cards. The probability of drawing two aces is
(A) 221
1
(B) 1

26
(C) 1

13
(D) 4

223

Ans. : (a) 1

221

Explanation: Total number of ways drawing 2 cards successively without

replacement
=
52
C1 ×
51
C1 and number of ways 2 aces without replacement =
4
C1 ×
3
C1

Required probability
4 3
C1 × C1 4×3
∴ = 32 51
=
C1 × C1 52×51

1 1
= =
13×17 22

4. lim
tan 2x−x
is equal to
3x−sin x
X→0

(A) 1

2
(B) 2 (C) 1

4
(D) − 1

Page 1
 Ans. : (a) 1

tan 2x
x[ −1]

Explanation: Given, lim

tan 2x−x x

x→0 = lim x→0

3x−sin x sin x
x[3− ]
x

tan 2x
×2−1
2x 1.2−1 2−1 1
lim x→0 sin x
= = =
3−1 2 2
3−
x

5. The centroid of a triangle is (2, 7) and two of its vertices are (4, 8) and (-2, 6).
The third vertex is
(A) (0, 0) (B) (4, 7) (C) (7, 7) (D) (7, 4)

Ans. : (b) (4, 7)

Explanation: Let A (4, 78) and B (-2, 6) be the given vertex. Let C(h, k) be the third
vertex.

The centroid of △ABC is (

4−2+h

3
,
8+6+k

3
)

It is given that the centroid of triangle ABC is (2, 7) as obtained from above
formula,
4−2+h 8+6+k
∴ = 2, = 7
3 3

⇒ h = 4, k = 7

Thus, the third vertex is (4, 7)

6. Let A = (a, b, c), B = (a, b), C = (a, b, d), D = (c, d) and E = (d). Then which of the
following statement is not correct?
(A) D ⊇ E (B) C − B = E (C) B ∪ E = C (D) C − D = E

Ans. : (d) C - D = E
Explanation: C - D = (a, b, c) - (c, d) = (a, b)
But E = {d}
Hence C − D ≠ E
7.
If z = (
1+i

1−i
) , then z
4
equals.

(A) 0 (B) -1 (C) 2 (D) 1

Ans. : (d) 1
Explanation: 1

1+i
Let z =
1−i

1+i 1+i
z = ×
1−i 1+i

2
1+ i +2i
⇒ z = 2
1−i

2i
⇒ z =
2

⇒ z = i

4 4
⇒ z = i

Page 2
 Since i2 = -1, we have:
4 2 2
⇒ z = i ×i

4
⇒ z = 1

8. Let R be a relation on N defined by x + 2y = 8. The domain of R is

(A) (1, 2, 3, 4) (B) (2, 4, 8) (C) (2, 4, 6, 8) (D) (2, 4, 6)

Ans. : (d) (2, 4, 6)

Explanation: We have , x + 2y = 8
8−x
y =
2

since, x and y are Natural numbers, So x must be an even number.

if x = 2, y = 3;
if x = 4, y = 2;
if x = 6, y = 1.
|So, relation R = {(2, 3), (4, 2), (6, 1)}
Hence, the domain of R is (2, 4, 6).
9. The solution set for (x + 3) + 4 > −2x + 5 :
(A) (−∞, 2) (B) ( −2
, ∞)
(C) (−∞, −2) (D) (2, ∞)
3

Ans. : (b) (
−2

3
, ∞)

Explanation: (x + 3) + 4 > −2x + 5

⇒ x + 7 > −2x + 5

⇒ x + 7 + 2x > −2x + 5 + 2x

⇒ 3x + 7 > 5

⇒ 3x + 7 − 7 > 5 − 7

⇒ 3x > −2

−2
⇒ x >
3

−2
⇒ x ∈ ( , ∞)
3

10. The radian measure of ∘

50 37 30
′ ′′
is
c c c c
(A) ( 5π

16
) (B) ( 9π

32
) (C) ( 7π

18
) (D) ( 11π

36
)

Ans. : (b)( )
c
9π

32

Explanation:
′ ′ ∘ ∘
∘ ′ ′′ ∘ 30 ∘ 75 ∘ 75 5
50 37 30 = 50 + (37 ) = 50 +( ) = 50 +( ) = (50 )
60 2 2×60 8

∘
405
= ( )
8

c ∘ c c
∘ c ∘ π 405 π 405 9π
180 = π ⇒ 1 = ( ) ⇒ ( ) = ( × ) = ( )
180 8 180 8 32

11. If a set A has n elements then the total number of subsets of A is

(A) 2n (B) n (C) 2 n
(D) n 2

Page 3
 Ans. : (c) 2
n

Explanation: The total no of subsets n

= 2

12. (3 + 6 + 12 + … + 1536) =?

(A) 1023 (B) 3069 (C) 2046 (D) 4092

Ans. : (b) 3069

Explanation: This is a GP in which a = 3, r =
6

3
= 2 and l = 1536

required sum
(lr−a) (1536×2−3)
∴ =
(r−1)
=
(2−1)
= (3072 − 3) = 3069 .

13. {C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 + … + (n + 1)Cn } =?

(A) (n + 1). 2 n
(B) (n + 2). 2 n+1
(C) (n + 2). 2 n−1
(D) n. 2n−1

Ans. : (c) (n + 2). 2

n−1

Explanation: Here, C 0 + 2C1 + 3C2 + … + (n + 1)Cn

= (C0 + C1 + C2 + … + Cn ) + (C1 + 2C2 + 3C3 + … + n Cn )

n n−1 n−1
= 2 +n ⋅2 = (n + 2) ⋅ 2

14. If x < 5 , then

(A) − x > − 5 (B) none of these (C) − x < 5 (D) x > − 5

Ans. : (a) − x > − 5

Explanation: Given x < 5
Multiplying both sides of the above inequality by -1,we get
− x > − 5 (The sign of the inequality is to be reversed if both sides of an inequality
are multiplied by the same negative real number)
15. For any two sets A and B, A ∩ (A ∪ B) = _________
(A) ≠ ϕ (B) B (C) ϕ (D) A

Ans. : (d) A
Explanation: Common between set A and (A ∪ B) is set A itself
16. 1−cos 2x+sin x
=?
sin 2x+cos x

(A) cosec x (B) sec x (C) cot x (D) tan x

Ans. : (d) tan x

Explanation:
2 sin x(2 sin x+1)
1−cos 2x+sin x 2 sin x+sin x
= = = tan x
sin 2x+cos x 2 sin x cos x+cos x cos x(2 sin x+1)

17. Mark the correct answer for (2 − 3i)(−3 + 4i) = ?

(A) (6 + 17i) (B) (-6 + 17i) (C) (6 - 15i) (D) (6 - 17i)

Ans. : (a) (6 + 17i)

Explanation: 2
(2 − 3i)(−3 + 4i) = (−6 + 8i + 9i − 12i ) = (−6 + 17i + 12) = (6 + 17i)

18. 36
C34 =?

(A) 610 (B) 630 (C) 1224 (D) 612

Page 4
 Ans. : (b) 630
Explanation: 36
C34 =
36
C(36−34) =
36
C2 =
36×35

2
= 630

* A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [2]

Choose the correct option.

19. Assertion (A): The expansion of (1 + x)

n
= nc0 + nc1 x + nc2 x
2 n
… + ncn x .
Reason (R): If x = −1 , then the above expansion is zero.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.
Ans. : (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion:
n 2 n
(1 + x) = nc0 + nc1 x + nc2 x … + ncn x

Reason
n n n−1 1 n−2 2
(1 + (−1)) = nc0 1 + nc1 (1) (−1) + nc2 (1) (−1) +…

n n−n n
+ cn (1) (−1)

n
= nc8 − nc1 + nc2 − nc3 + … (−1) ncn

Each term will cancel each other

n
∴ (1 + (−1)) = 0

Reason is also the but not the correct explanation of Assertion.

20. Assertion (A): The mean deviation about the mean for the data 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12,
13, 17 is 3.
Reason (R): The mean deviation about the mean for the data 38, 70, 48, 40, 42,
55, 63, 46, 54, 44 is 8.5.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.

Ans. : (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation: Assertion: Mean of the given series
∑ xi
¯¯
¯ Sum of terms
x̄ = =
Number of terms n

4+7+8+9+10+12+13+17
= = 10
8

xi |xi − x̄|

4 |4 − 10| = 6

7 |7 − 10| = 3

Page 5
 8 |8 − 10| = 2

9 |9 − 10| = 1

10 |10 − 10| = 0

12 |12 − 10| = 2

13 |13 − 10| = 3

17 |17 − 10| = 7

∑ xi = 80 ∑ |xi − x̄| = 24

∴ Mean deviation about mean

Σ|xi − x̄|
24
= = = 3
n 8

Reason Mean of the given series

Sum of terms ∑ xi
x̄ = =
Number of terms n

38+70+48+40+42+55
= = 50
+63+46+54+44

∴ Mean deviation about mean

Σ|xi − x̄|
=
n

84
= = 8.4
10

Hence, Assertion is true and Reason is false.

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [10]

21. Write the domain of the real function f (x) =

1

√|x|−x

Ans. : Case I : When x > 0.Then,we have,

|x| = x

1 1 1
⇒ = = = ∞
√|x|−x √x−x 0

Case II : When x < 0

|x| = −x

1 1 1
⇒ = = ( exists because when x < 0, −2x > 0)
√|x|−x √−x−x √−2x

⇒ f (x) is defined when x < 0

Therefore, domain = (−∞, 0)

OR
−−−−−
* Find the domain and range of the real function f (x) = √9 − x
2
.

Ans. : It is clear that, f (x) = √9 − x is not defined when , i.e.

−−−−−
2 2
(9 − x ) < 0

When x
2
> 9i ,e when x > 3 or x < −3

Page 6
 dom(f ) = |x ∈ R : −3 ≤ x ≤ 3|
−−−−− 2 2
Also, y = √9 − x2 ⇒ y = (9 − x )

−−−−−
2
⇒ x = √9 − y

2
clearly, x is not defined when (9 − y ) < 0

2 2
but (9 − y ) < 0 ⇒ y > 9

⇒ y > 3 or y < −3

range (f ) = {y ∈ R : −3 ≤ y ≤ 3}

22. Differentiate x

sin x
respect to x .
Ans. :
x
Let f (x) =
sin x

d x
∴ f (x) = ( )
dx sin x

d d
sin x x−x sin x
dx dx
= 2
(sin x)

sin x⋅1−x⋅cos x
= 2
sin x

= cosec x − x cot x cosec x

= (1 − x cot x) ⋅ cosec x

23. The focus of a parabolic mirror as shown in is at a distance of 5 cm from its

vertex. If the mirror is 45 cm deep, find the distance AB

Ans. : Since the distance from the focus to the vertex is 5 cm. We have, a = 5. If the
origin is taken at the vertex and the axis of the mirror lies along the positive x-axis,
the equation of the parabolic section is
y
2
required eqution of parabola
= 4(5)x = 20x =⇒> y
2
= 20x

Note that x = 45 . Thus

2
y = 900

Therefore y = ±30
Hence AB = 2y = 2 × 30 = 60cm
OR
* Find the vertex, focus, axis, directrix and latus-rectum of the following parabolas
2
4x +y = 0 .

Page 7
 Ans. : We are given that
2
4x +y = 0
−y
2
⇒ = x
4

Comparing the given equation with x

2
= −4ay

1 1
4a = a =
4 16

∴ Vertex = (0, 0)

−1
Focus = (0, −a) = (0, )
16

Equation of the directrix:

y = a

1
i.e. y =
16

Axis = x = 0

Therefore, length of the latus rectum = 4a =

1

24. Two sets A and B are, such that n(A ∪ B) = 21, n(A) = 10, n(B) = 15 , find n(A ∩ B)

and n(A − B) .
Ans. : Using identity,
n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)

21 = 10 + 15 − n(A ∩ B)

∴ n(A ∩ B) = (10 + 15) − 21

= 25 − 21 = 4
′
∴ n(A − B) = n (A ∩ B )

= n(A) − n(A ∩ B)

= 10 − 4

= 6

25. Find the angles between the pairs of straight lines x - 4y = 3 and 6x - y = 11.
Ans. : Given that equations of the lines are,
x - 4y = 3 .... (i)
6x - y = 11 .... (ii)
Let m and m be the slopes of these lines.
1 2

Here, m 1 =
1

4
, m2 = 6

Let θ be the angle between the lines.

Then,

Page 8
 m1 − m2
tan θ = ∣
∣
∣
∣
1+m1 m2

1
∣ 4
−6 ∣
= ∣ 3
∣
∣ 1+
2
∣

23
=
10

−1 23
⇒ θ = tan ( )
10

Therefore, the acute angle between the lines is tan

−1
(
23

10
)

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [18]

26. Find the domain and range of the function f (x) =

2
x −9

x−3

Ans. : Here
2
x −9
f (x) =
x−3

f (x) assume real values for all real values of x except for x - 3 = 0 i.e .x = 3
Thus domain of f (x) = R - {3}
Let f (x) = y
2 (x+3)(x−3)
x −9
∴ y = =
x−3 (x−3)

⇒ y = x+3

y takes all real values except 6 as domain =R-{3}

Thus range of f (x) = R - {6}.
27. To receive Grade A, in a mathematics course, one must obtain an average of 90
marks or more in five examinations (each of 100 marks). If Ragini's marks in
first four examinations are 87, 92, 94 and 95, find minimum marks that Ragini
must obtain in fifth examination to get Grade A in the course.
Ans. : Let the marks obtained by Ragini in fifth examination be x.
Then average of five examinations =
87+92+94+95+x

Now 87+92+94+95+x

5
≥ 90 ⇒
368+x

5
≥ 90

Multiplying both sides by 5, we have

368 + x ≥ 450

⇒ x ≥ 450 − 368

⇒ x ≥ 82

Thus the minimum marks needed to be obtained by Ragini = 82.

28. Find the point on the y-axis which is equidistant from the points A(3, 1, 2) and
B(5, 5, 2).
Ans. : Consider, C(0, y, 0) point which lies on the y-axis and is equidistant from
points A(3, 1, 2) and B(5, 5, 2).
∴ AC = BC
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
√(0 − 3)2 + (y − 1)2 + (0 − 2)2 2 2
= √(0 − 5) + (y − 5) + (0 − 2)
2

Squaring both sides,

Page 9
 2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ (0 − 3) + (y − 1) + (0 − 2) = (0 − 5) + (y − 5) + (0 − 2)

2 2
⇒ 9+y − 2y + 1 + 4 = 25 + y − 10y + 25 + 4

⇒ 8y = 40

⇒ y = 5

The coordinate of C is (0, 5, 0).

OR
* Find the lengths of the medians of the triangle with vertices A (0, 0, 6), B (0, 4, 0)
and C (6, 0, 0).
Ans. : ABC is a triangle with vertices A (0, 0, 6), (0, 4, 0) and C (6, 0, 0).
Let points D, E and F are the mid-points of BC, AC and AB, respectively. So, AD, BE
and CF will be the medians of the triangle.

Coordinates of point D = (
0+6

2
,
4+0

2
,
0+0

2
) = (3, 2, 0)

coordinates of mid-point x1 + x2 y +y z1 + z2
1 2
[∵ ( , , )]
2 2 2

Coordinates of point E = (
0+6

2
,
0+0

2
,
6+0

2
) = (3, 0, 3)

and coordinates of point F = (

0+0

2
,
0+4

2
,
6+0

2
) = (0, 2, 3)

Now, length of median

AD = Distance between point A and D
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
AD = √(0 − 3) + (0 − 2) + (6 − 0)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
[∵ distance = √(x1 − x2 ) + (y1 − y2 ) + (z1 − z2 ) ]

−−−−−−−−
= √9 + 4 + 36
−−
= √49 = 7

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
Similarly, BE = √(0 − 3) + (4 − 0) + (0 − 3)
−−−−−−−− −−
= √9 + 16 + 9 = √34
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
and CF = √(6 − 0) + (0 − 2) + (0 − 3)
−−−−−−−− −−
= √36 + 4 + 9 = √49 = 7

Hence, length of the medians are and 7 .

−−
7, √34

29. Using binomial theorem, expand: (

2x
−
3
)
6

3 2x

Page 10
 Ans. : To find: Expansion of by means of binomial theorem
6
2x 3
( − )
3 2x

Formula used: n
Cr =
(n−r)(r)!
n!

n n n n n−1 n n−2 2 n n−1 n

(a + b) = C0 a + C1 a b+ C2 a b +…… + Cn−1 ab + n Cn b

Now here We have, (

6
2x 3
− )
3 2x

6−0 6−1 1 6−2 2

2x 2x 3 2x 3
= [6c0 ( ) ] + [6c1 ( ) (− ) ] + [6c2 ( ) (− ) ]
3 3 2x 3 2x

6−3 3 6−4 4
2x 3 2x 3
+ [6c3 ( ) (− ) ] + [6C4 ( ) (− ) ]
3 2x 3 2x

6−5 5 6
2x 3 3
+ [6c5 ( ) (− ) ] + [6c6 (− ) ]
3 2x 2x

6 5 4
6! 2x 6! 2x 3 6! 2x 9
= [ ( ) ] −[ ( ) ( )] + [ ( ) ( 2
)]
01(6−0)! 3 11(6−1)! 3 2x 2!(6−2)! 3 4x

3
6! 2x 27
−[ ( ) ( 3
)]
3!(6−3)! 3 8x

2 1
6! 2x 81 6! 2x 243 6! 729
+[ ( ) ( 4
)] − [ ( ) ( 5
)] + [ ( 6
)]
4!(6−4)! 3 16x 5!(6−5)! 3 32x 6!(6−6)! 64x

5 5 4 3
64x 32x 3 16x 9 8x
= [1 ( )] − [6 ( )( )] + [15 ( )( 2
)] − [20 ( )]
729 243 2x 81 4x 27

2
27 4x 81 2x 243 729
( 3
)] + [15 ( )( 4
)] − [6 ( )( 5
)] + [1 ( 6
)]
8x 9 16x 3 32x 64x

64 6 32 4 20 2 135 1 243 1 729 1

= x − x + x − 20 + 2
− 4
+ 6
729 27 3 4 x 8 x 64 x

OR
– 4 – 4
Find . Hence, evaluate
– –
* (a + b)
4
− (a − b)
4
(√3 + √2) − (√3 − √2)

Ans. :

4 4 4 4 3 4 2 2 4 3 4 4
(a + b) = [ C0 a + C1 a b + C2 a b + C3 ab + C4 b ]

4 4 4 4 3 4 2 2 4 3 4 4
and (a − b) = [ C0 a − C1 a b + C2 a b − C3 ab + C4 b ]

4 4 4 3 4 3
∴ (a + b) − (a − b) = 2 [ C1 a b + C3 ab ]

3 3 2 2
= 2 [4a b + 4ab ] = 8ab [ a +b ]

– – 4 – – 4 – – – 2 – 2
∴ (√3 + √2) − (√3 − √2) = 8 ⋅ √3 ⋅ √2 [(√3) + (√2) ]

– – – – –
= 8 ⋅ √3 ⋅ √2[3 + 2] = 40 ⋅ √3 ⋅ √2 = 40√6

30. Express the complex number (−2 −

1
i)
3
in the form of a + ib .
3

Ans. :
3 3
1 1
(−2 − i) = −(2 + i)
3 3

3 2
3 1 2 1 1
= − [(2) +( i) + 3 × (2) × i +3×2×( i) ]
3 3 3

Page 11
 3
1 3 2 2 1 2
∵ i = −i
= − [8 + i + 4i + i ] = − [8 − i + 4i − ][ ]
27 3 27 3 2
i = −1

2 1
= [(8 − ) + (4 − )i
3 27

22 107 −22 107

= −[ + i] = − i
3 27 3 27

OR
* Find the square root of 3 - 4i

Ans. : Let x + yi = √3 − 4i
−−−−−

Squaring both sides, we get

2 2
x −y + 2xyi = 3 − 4i

Equating the real and imaginary parts

2 2
x −y = 3 … . (i)

and 2xy = −4 ⇒ xy = −2
Now from the identity, we know
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
(x + y ) = (x −y ) + 4x y

2
2 2 2 2
(x +y ) = (3) + 4(−2)

= 9 + 16 = 25

∴ x
2
(ii) [Neglecting (-) sign as
+y
2
= 5… x
2
+y
2
> 0]

Solving (i) and (ii) we get

2 2
x = 4 and y = 1

x = ±2 and y = ±1

Since the sign of xy is negative

∴ if, x = 2, y = −1

and if x = −2, y = 1
−−−−−−−
∴ √−5 + 12i = ±(2 − i)

31. There are 200 individuals with a skin disorder, 120 had been exposed to the
chemical C , 50 to chemical C and 30 to both the chemicals C and C . Find the
1 2 1 2

number of individuals exposed to (i) chemical C but not chemical C (ii) 1 2

Chemical C2 but not chemical C1 (iii) Chemical C2 or chemical C1 .

Ans. : Let S denote the universal set consisting of individuals suffering from the
skin disorder, A denote the set of individuals exposed to chemical C and B denote 1

the set of individuals exposed to chemical C . 2

Now,
n(S) = 200
n(A) = 120
n(B) = 50
and n(A ∩ B) = 30
i. Chemical C but not chemical C 1 2

Number of individuals exposed to chemical C1 but not chemical C2 is

Page 12
 ′
= n (A ∩ B )

= n(A) − n(A ∩ B)

= 120 − 30 = 90

ii. Number of individuals exposed to chemical C2 but not chemical C1

′
= n (A ∩ B)

= n(B) − n(A ∩ B)

= 50 − 30 = 20

iii. Number of individuals exposed to chemical C1 or chemical C2

= n(A ∪ B)

= n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)

= 120 + 50 − 30

= 140

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [20]

32. A bag contains 6 red, 4 white and 8 blue balls. If three balls are drawn at
random, find the probability that:
i. one is red and two are white
ii. two are blue and one is red
iii. one is red.
Ans. : Bag contains:
6 -Red balls
4 -White balls
8 -Blue balls
Since three ball are drawn,
18
∴ n(S) = C3

i. Let E be the event that one red and two white balls are drawn.
6 4
∴ n(E) = C1 × C2
6 4
C1 × C2 6×4×3 3×2
∴ P (E) = 18
= ×
C3 2 18×17×16

3
P (E) =
68

ii. Let E be the event that two blue balls and one red ball was drawn.
8 6
∴ n(E) = C2 × C1
8 6
C2 × C1 8×7 3×2×1 7
∴ P (E) = 18
= ×6× =
C3 2 18×17×16 34

7
P (E) =
34
 iii. Let E be the event that one of the ball must be red.

∴ E = {(R, W , B) or (R, W , W ) or (R, B, B)}

6 4 8 6 4 6 8
∴ n(E) = C1 × C1 × C1 + C1 × C2 + C1 × C2
6×4×3 6×8×7
6 4 8 6 4 6 8 6×4×8+ +
C1 × C1 × C1 + C1 × C2 + C1 × C2 2×1 2×1
∴ P (E) = 18
= 18×17×16
C3
3×2×1

396 33
= =
816 68

33. Evaluate: lim x→2

3
x +3 x −9x−2
2

3
x −x−6

Ans. : We have to find the value of

3 2
x +3 x −9x−2
lim x→2 3
x −x−6

We have,
3 2
x +3 x −9x−2
lim x→2 3
x −x−6

Divide x
3
+ 3x
2
− 9x − 2 by x
3
−x−6 \

3 2 2
x +3 x −9x−2 3 x −8x+4
⇒ lim x→2 3
= lim x→2 1 + lim x→2 3
x −x−6 x −x−6

2
3 x −2x−6x+4
= 1 + lim x→2 3
x −x−6

2
3 x −2x−6x+4
= 1 + lim x→2 3
x −x−6

3 2 (3x−2)(x−2)
x +3 x −9x−2
⇒ lim x→2 3
= 1 + lim x→2 3
x −x−6 x −x−6

Divide x
3
−x−6 by x−2
 3 2
x +3 x −9x−2 (3x−2)(x−2)
⇒ lim x→2 3
= 1 + lim x→2 2
x −x−6 (x−2)(x +2x+3)

(3x−2)
= 1 + lim x→2 2
(x +2x+3)

3×2−2
= 1+ 2
2 +2×2+3

4
= 1+
11

15
=
11

OR
* Differentiate x
2
sin x from first principle.

Ans. : We have to find derivative of f (x) = x

2
sin x

Derivative of a function is given by where h is a very

f (x+h)−f (x)
′
f (x) f (x) = lim =
h
h→0

small positive number

Derivative of is given as
f (x+h)−f (x)
2 ′
∴ f (x) = x sin x f (x) lim =
h
h→0

2 2
(x+h ) sin(x+h)− x sin x
⇒ f (x) lim
h
h→0

2 2 2
Using (a + b) = a + 2ab + b , we get
2 2 2
h sin(x+h)+ x sin(x+h)+2hx sin(x+h)− x sin x
⇒ f (x) lim
h
h→0

Using the algebra of limits, we have

2 2 2
h sin(x+h) x sin(x+h)− x sin x 2hx sin(x+h)
⇒ f (x) lim + lim h→0 + lim h→0
h h h
h→0

2
x (sin(x+h)−sin x)
⇒ f (x) lim h sin(x + h) + lim h→0 + lim h→0 2x sin(x + h)
h
h→0

(sin(x+h)−sin x)
′ 2
⇒ f (x) = 0 × sin(x + 0) + 2x sin(x + 0) + x lim h→0
h

(sin(x+h)−sin x)
′ 2
⇒ f (x) = 2x sin +x lim h→0
h

Using the algebra of limits we have

(sin(x+h)−sin x)
′ 2
∴ f (x) = 2x sin x + x lim h→0
h

We can't evaluate the limits at this stage only as on putting value it will take 0

form. So, we need to do little modifications.

(A−B) (A−B)
Use: sin A − sin B = 2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2

2x +h h
2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2
′ 2
∴ f (x) = 2x sin x + x lim h→0
h

h A
cos(x+ ) sin( )
2 2
′ 2
⇒ f (x) = 2x sin x + x lim h→0 A

Using the algebra of limits:

 h
sin( )
2
′ 2 h
⇒ f (x) = 2x sin x + x lim h→0 h
× lim h→0 cos(x + )
2
2

By using the formula we get − lim x→0

sin x

x
= 1

′ 2 h
∴ f (x) = 2x sin x + x lim h→0 cos(x + )
2

substuite the value of h to evaluate the limit:

Therefore, f ′
(x) = 2x sin x + x
2
cos(x + 0) = 2x sin x + x
2
cos x

Hence,
Derivative of f (x) = (x
2
sin x) is (2x sin x + x
2
cos x)

34. In an increasing GP, the sum of the first and last terms is 66, the product of the
second and the last but one is 128 and the sum of the terms is 126. How many
terms are there in this GP?
Ans. : Let the given GP contain n terms. Let abe the first term and r be the
common ratio of this GP.
Since the given GP is increasing, we have r > 1
Now, T 1 + Tn = 66 ⇒ a + ar
(n−1)
= 66 … (i)
And, T 2
× Tn−1 = 128 ⇒ ar × ar
(n−2)
= 128

2 (n−1) (n−1) 128

⇒ a r = 128 ⇒ ar = … (ii)
a

Using (ii) and (i), we get

128 2
a+ = 66 ⇒ a − 66a + 128 = 0
a

2
⇒ a − 2a − 64a + 128 = 0

⇒ a(a − 2) − 64(a − 2) = 0

⇒ (a − 2)(a − 64) = 0

⇒ a = 2 or a = 64

Putting a = 2 in (ii), we get

(n−1) 128 128
r = 2
= = 32 …
a 4

Thus, a = 2 and r
(n−1)
= 32

Now, S
n
a(r −1)
n = 126 ⇒ = 126
(r−1)

n n
r −1 r −1
⇒ 2( ) = 126 ⇒ = 63
r−1 r−1

(n−1)
r ×r−1 32r−1
⇒ = 63 ⇒ = 63
r−1 r−1

⇒ 32r − 1 = 63r − 63 ⇒ 31r = 62 ⇒ r = 2

(n−1)
∴ r = 32 = 25 ⇒ n − 1 = 5 ⇒ n = 6

Hence, there are 6 terms in the given GP

35. Prove that: sin 6
∘
sin 42
∘
sin 66
∘
sin 78
∘
=
1
.
16

Ans. : We have to prove that sin 6

∘
sin 42
∘
sin 66
∘
sin 78
∘
=
1

16
.
LHS = sin 6 sin 42 sin 66 sin 78
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘

By regrouping the LHS and multiplying and dividing by 4 we get,

 1 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
= (2 sin 66 sin 6 ) (2 sin 78 sin 42 )
4

But 2 sin A sin B = cos (A - B) - cos (A + B)

Then the above equation becomes,
1 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
= (cos(66 − 6 ) − cos(66 + 6 )) (cos(78 − 42 ) − cos(78 + 42 ))
4

1 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
= (cos(60 ) − cos(72 )) (cos(36 ) − cos(120 ))
4

1 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
= (cos(60 ) − cos(90 − 18 )) (cos(36 ) − cos(180 − 120 ))
4

But cos(90
∘
− θ) = sin θ and cos(180
∘
− θ) = − cos(θ) .
Then the above equation becomes,
1 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
= (cos(60 ) − cos(18 )) (cos(36 ) + cos(60 ))
4

√5+1
∘
Now, cos(36 ) =
4

∘ √5−1
sin(18 ) =
4

∘ 1
cos(60 ) =
2

Substituting the corresponding values, we get

1 1 √5−1 √5+1 1
= ( − )( + )
4 2 4 4 2

1 2− √5+1 √5+1 1
= ( )( + )
4 4 4 2

1 3− √5 3+ √5
= ( )( )
4 4 4

2 2
1 3 −(√5)
= ( )
4 4×4

1 9−5
= ( )
4 16

1
=
16

LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
OR
* Prove that cos
2π

15
⋅ cos
4π

15
⋅ cos
8π

15
⋅ cos
16π

15
=
1

16

Ans. :
2π 4π 8π 16π
LHS = cos ⋅ cos ⋅ cos ⋅ cos
15 15 15 15

2π 2π 2π 2π
= cos cos 2 ( ) cos 4 ( ) cos 8 ( )
15 15 15 15

Put 2π

15
= α
 ⇒ LHS = cos α ⋅ cos 2α ⋅ cos 4α ⋅ cos 8α

2 sin α[cos α⋅cos 2α⋅cos 4α⋅cos 8α]

= [multiplying numerator and denominator by 2 sin
2 sin α

α]

(2 sin α⋅cos α)⋅cos 2α⋅cos 4α⋅cos 8α

=
2 sin α

2(sin 2α⋅cos 2α⋅cos 4α⋅cos 8α)

= [∵ 2 sin α cos α = sin
2(2 sin α)

2α and multiplying numerator and denominator by 2]

(2 sin 2α⋅cos 2α)⋅cos 4α⋅cos 8α

=
4 sin α

2(sin 4α⋅cos 4α) cos 8α

= [∵ 2 sin α cos α = sin
2(4 sin α)

2α and multiplying numerator and denominator by 2]

2(sin 8α⋅cos 8α)

=
2(8 sin α)

sin(15α+α)
sin 16α
= =
16 sin α 16 sin α

Now, 15α = 2π ,
RHS
sin(2π+α)
sin α 1
= = = =
16 sin α 16 sin α 16

∴LHS = RHS
Hence proved.

* Case study based questions [12]

36. A farmer wishes to install 2 handpumps in his field for watering.

The farmer moves in the field while watering in such a way that the sum of
distances between the farmer and each handpump is always 26m. Also, the
distance between the hand pumps is 10 m.

i. Name the curve traced by farmer and hence find the foci of curve. (1)
ii. Find the equation of curve traced by farmer. (1)
iii. Find the length of major axis, minor axis and eccentricity of curve along which
 farmer moves. (2)
OR
iv. Find the length of latus rectum. (2)
Ans. : i. The curve traced by farmer is ellipse. Because An ellipse is the set of all
points in a plane, the sum of whose distances from two fixed points in the plane is
a constant.
Two positions of hand pumps are foci Distance between two foci = 2c = 10 Hence
c = 5 Here foci lie on x axis \& coordinates of foci = (±c, 0)

Hence coordinates of foci = (±5, 0)

ii.
2 2
x y
+ = 1
169 144

Sum of distances from the foci = 2a

Sum of distances between the farmer and each hand pump is = 26 = 2a
⇒ 2a = 26 ⇒ a = 13m

Distance between the handpump = 10m = 2c

⇒ c = 5m

2 2 2
c = a −b

2
⇒ 25 = 169 − b

2
⇒ b = 144

Equation is
2 2
y
x
+ = 1
169 144

iii. Equation of ellipse is = 1 comparing with standard equation of ellipse

2 2
x y
+
169 144

a = 13, b = 12 and c = 5 (given)

Length of major axis = 2a = 2 × 13 = 26

Length of minor axis = 2b = 2 × 12 = 24
eccentricity e =
ϵ

a
=
5

13

OR

Equation of the ellipse is hence and

2 2
x y
+ = 1 a = 13 b = 12
169 144

length of latus rectum of ellipse is given by

2
2b 2×144
=
a 13

37. Consider the data.

Class Frequency
0-10 6
10-20 7
20-30 15
30-40 16
40-50 4
50-60 2
i. Find the mean deviation about median. (1)
ii. Find the Median. (1)
iii. Write the formula to calculate the Mean deviation about median? (2)
 OR
Write the formula to calculate median? (2)
Ans. :
Class fi cf Mid-point (xj ) |xi − M | fi |xi − M |

0-10 6 6 5 23 138
10-20 7 13 15 13 91
20-30 15 28 25 3 45
30-40 16 44 35 7 112
40-50 4 48 45 17 68
50-60 2 50 55 27 54
50 508
Here, N
=
2
29
= 25
2

Here, 25th item lies in the class 20-30. Therefore, 20-30 is the median class.
Here, l = 20, cf = 13, f = 15, b = 10 and N = 50
N

Median, M
−cf
2
∵ = l + ×b
f

25−13
⇒ M = 20 + × 10 = 20 + 8 = 28
15

Thus, mean deviation about median is given by

1 6 1
M D(M ) = ∑ fi |xi − M | = × 508 = 10.16
N i=1 50

Hence, mean deviation about median is 10.16.

ii. Here, l = 20, cf = 13, f = 15, b = 10 and N = 50
N
−cf
2
∵ Median, M = l + ×b
f

25−13
⇒ M = 20 + × 10 = 20 + 8 = 28
15

15
Σf4 |x1 −M |
iii. M D =
N

OR
N
−ef
2
M = 1+ ×h
f

38. The purpose of the student council is to give students an opportunity to develop
leadership by organizing and carrying out school activities and service projects.
Create an environment where every student can voice out their concern or need.
Raju, Ravi Joseph, Sangeeta, Priya, Meena and Aman are members of student’s
council. There is a photo session in a school these 7 students are to be seated in
a row for photo session.

i. Find the total number of arrangements so that Raju and Ravi are at extreme
positions? (1)
ii. Find the number of arrangements so that Joseph is sitting in the middle. (1)
iii. Find the number of arrangements so that three girls are together. (2)
OR
Find the number of arrangements so that Aman and Ravi are not together? (2)
Ans. : i.Given Raju and Ravi are at the extreme positions
Case 1 Raju ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ Ravi
Case 2 Ravi ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ Raju
So remaining 5 places are filled in 5! Ways in both cases
5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120

Hence total number of arrangements = 120 × 2 = 240 ways

ii. ______ ______ ______ Joseph ______ ______ ______
So here middle place is occupied by Joseph remaining 6 places are filled by
remaining 6 students in 6! Ways
ways
6! = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 720

iii. When all girls are together let’s consider them as a single unit. So four 4 boys
with single group of girls can be arranged in 4+1 = 5! Ways

______ ______ ______ ______

5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120

But all the tree girls can be arranged in themselves in 3! Ways = 3×2×1 = 6

Hence total number of ways = 5! × 3! = 120 × 6 = 720

OR
When Aman and Ravi are together let’s consider them as a single unit. So
remaining 5 students with single group of Aman and Ravi can be arranged in 5 + 1
= 6! Ways

______ ______ ______ ______

6! = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 720

But Aman and Ravi can be arranged in themselves in 2! Ways = 2×1 = 2

Hence total number of ways = 6! × 2! = 720 × 2 = 1440 ways … (i)

Total number of sitting arrangements of all 7 students without restriction
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
All seven students can fill seven seats in 7! Ways
71 = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 5040 ways … (ii)
But here we need the number of arrangements so that Aman and Ravi are not
together = Total number of sitring arrangements of all 7 students without
restriction - Number of arrangements so that Aman and Ravi are togethes.
From (i) and (ii) we have
The number of arrangements so that Aman and Ravi are not together
= 5040 − 1440 = 3600

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