IT FOUR: INSIDE STORY LESSON TWO: GRAMMAR 1. Narrative tenses; Past Perfect Simple and Continuous When we are telling a story about the past, we usually use the Past Simple for the main events and the Past Perfect Simple and Past Perfect Continuous to provide background information to those events. nal 1M cgay Agel A acta y chsh CaaS dag gall Sa ibe LG a gta Ge " sda I AE Ge yada Cages yd gl Past Perfect Form Key words He/She/It By 2010 ( had + V3) had (not) + V3 When/Before/ By the time ( V2) , had+V3 1/We/You/They After (had+V3), V2 Functions: 1_| The duration of states before a specific point inthe past | yeu gieu the JS CSW A ‘*_ She had been blind for 12 years when she started her journey. 2 | Completed earlier actions with a relevance to the time of Cig idle Sb ak HL Sush2 the story sen) ‘He wrote about a spot that he had discovered on the surface of Venus. 3_| Experiences that happened before a specific point in the past_| gall G tue thi JS CRS ils 3 ‘© By the time he died, he had written a lot of letters. Past Perfect Continuous Form Key words He/She/It 2,40 (all +time ), since , for, as / because / so had (not) + been+ V-ing _| when, after, before, b) \We/You/They by the time apie aly 3 sia Functions: 1 | The duration of actions that began earlier inthe pastand ] G& Gi, acs SSW sa a continued to the time of the story Fell Sih g gl) Co patel y petal gd © He had been studying bird migration for years. 2 | Earlier past processes with a relevance to the main events in | 4a) 3 @U0 4-4LH Gilat 2 the story: Reed Apa Sa He had an accident with a pair of scissors that he had been playing with. NOTES: 1. We do not use the Past Perfect Continuous with repeated actions when we say how many times something happened: La egg Cte 5 yu pS ili Lio: 5 Gall Deb ga pail lll gata aS) Y ‘* She had been visiting him regularly. NOT She #ac-bees-visiting him three times 2. We use the Past Perfect Continuous when we want to focus on the length of an activity or when we explain a past result, e.g. UA Ja ple Li ac pL | WLI Sa gle 5 ll se pal lll pall pais 2 ‘© He was tired as he had been fiying for hours. _o AMEENIT FOUR: INSIDE STORY EX1. Match the underlined phrases in the extracts to the descriptions (SB P.43) descriptions extracts 1] ( ) Thisis an action in progress in the | A) They reported a fake news story about a man who past. was in hospital after he had been shot at a mine. 2|( ) Thisisa completed action. 8B) They later had to admit that they had been copying the other newspaper for years. EX2. ‘h the sentences with their meanings (A-F). (AB P.34) sentences meanings 1 | (_ ) Last night, | was driving back home. Past Simple: AA) an action started/finished in the past 2 |(_ )ifelt tired ast had been driving all day. | B) actions which follow each other in a story Past Continuous 3 |( Suddenly, 'saw an object inthe sky. | C) an action in progress at a specific point in the past 4 |(_ )istopped my car, got out and stood in | D) an interrupted past action the road to see what it was. Past Perfect simple 5 [( ) While | was watching the object, itfell | E) an action which took place before another into a field. past action 6 |( )By the time | got to the field, the object Past Perfect Continuous had disappeared F)a situation or an action which continued up to a certain time in the past EX3. Complete the rules by writing Past Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Continuous or both. (SB P.43) 1. We use to make clear that a past action happened earlier than another past action. 2. We use to talk about an earlier completed action. 3. We use to talk about a situation or action which continued up to a certain time in the past EX4, Complete the sentences with the Past Perfect Simple or Continuous and the verbs in brackets, (SB P.86) 41 (check) the website twice before | went to school. 2. ‘Amelia Earhart (visit) Bangkok when she disappeared? 3. Elvis (record) 24 studio albums before he died. 4, Paul McCartney, (learn) to play the trumpet before he was given a guitar. 5.We (not know) about the hoax at the time. 6, She was tired because (watch) the news for hours. XS. Complete the sentences with the correct Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Continuous forms of the verbs in bold. (AB P.34) 1. Hanan's music player had been playing for 19 hours when the battery ran out. (play) 2. Hanan's music player nearly 200 songs when the battery ran out. (play) 3. The police officer all the other suspects when he arrested the criminal. (eliminate) 4, The police officer suspects at an impressive rate, (eliminate) Peace eS)IT FOU: INSIDE EX6. Use the prompts to write sentences in the Past Perfect Continuous. (AB P.34) 1. Reem got into trouble at school for using her phone. (She/text / during lessons) She'd been texting during lessons. 2. Nader had ink all round his mouth. (He / chew / his pen / during the exam) 3, The central square was underwater. (It/rain/for five days) 4, The gang was convicted of fraud. (They / print / fake money) 5, The man became ill while giving a speech. (He / speak/at a business meeting) EX7. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. (AB P.35) 1. When Nasser arrived at the party, the other boys had already eaten (already/eat) the food. 2. There was a strong smell because someone (cook) fish. 3. Loud music. (play) and the guests were dancing or chatting to each other. 4, Rakan, (wait) all week for the chance to play football with his friends. 5. While they, (dance), there was a power cut and the music stopped. 6. They lit some candles and then everyone. (sit) ina circle and told stories. EX8. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (SB P.52) 1. They were delighted as they (just / solve) the puzzle. 2. Mustafa (break) his leg last week. Before he (fall), he (try) to climb to the top of the mountain. 3. The concert was great, but when the band (play) their second song, the lights (go) out. It was a shame because it is my favourite song! 4, The protesters, (stand) outside the mine for two hours when the reporters (arrive). 5, The airport (close) two days ago because someone. (phone) to say there (be) a bad storm coming. Luckily, it (be) only a hoax. the correct sentences. Then rewrite the remaining sentences to make them correct. (AB P.35) 1.(__ ) Until that night, Raed had never seen snow. 2.(__ ) Bythe time we opened the door, the noises already stopped. 3.(___) The other day, | was talking to a man who said he had seen a famous footballer in our street. 4.(__ ) Suddenly, | was hearing a noise, so | was going upstairs and opening the door to the attic. 5.(_) The hikers had been walking in the mountains for six hours when they saw something strange. 6.(__) While he was performing, the actor had forgotten what to say. 7.(__ While | rowed a boat across the sea, a large dolphin suddenly appeared in the water next to me! TayNIT FOUR: INSIDE STORY | X10. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (SB P.75) 1 was (1) | two boys. They wanted to (3) 34) (mutter) thanks to me (wander) down a road when | (2) (spot) a (race) across the road but a car was coming. (bellow) at them to stop. They did, and one boy (5) X11, Complete the text with the correct past tense forms of the verbs in bracke t ARCHAEOLOGISTS DISCOVER ANCIENT WALLS. Before the Eastern Badia Archaeological Project (EBAP) visited the Black Desert of Jordan, nobody (1) 4 (explore) the archaeology of this large area. When the archaeologists _ started work, stones from ancient houses (2) (lie) under the ground for more than 8,000 years. The people who built these houses also (3) (build)! ‘amazing long walls called ‘kites’ to catch animals with. The walls were many kilometres long and they! |met at a point. Animals that (4) (run) away from the people could not | “escape from this point in the walls. Archaeologists think that the walls at Jibal al-Khashabiyeh might be the oldest in the world: nobody (5) kites show that the people who lived in the Black Desert (6) {together in large teams to find food much earlier than they expected. (made) anything like this before. The | (work)! i X12. Complete the text with the forms from the box. (AB P.34) had been| had he forgotten had fallen’ had he been revising had been studying had been worrying _had never failed t | Ali was very tired because he (1) for his English exam all night. It (2) | dark for ten hours and now it was getting light. He took the bus to school. For many weeks, he (3) about this exam. He (4) an English exam before, but this one was special: if he passed it, he could | |)go to a good college. He opened the paper and looked at the questions. He was shocked. He could not | _understand any of it! (5) the wrong things? Or (6) everything he looked at the night before? Then he felt something touch his shoulder. He jumped and suddenly he was back in his chair. His mother was shaking his shoulder. He (7) {asleep at his desk! Wao mi)i n wit he verbs in ‘JA: So how was the film? } |B: Well, the whole evening was a disaster. By the time the bus arrived. | (1) !d been waiting (wait) in { the rain for 20 minutes, and when | finally met up with Issa and got to the cinema, the film | (2) (already/start).. 1A: Oh no! Was it a good film at least? i |B: Well, | don't know. We had been watching for about 15 minutes when the screen (3) | (go) blank. What? i Apparently they (4) {not check) the projector properly, and it broke } _down, While we (5) (wait) for them to fix the projector, they offered _ Us tickets to the other film that was showing, but Issa had already seen it. Ja: Oh, dear. So what (6) (you/do)? j _B: Well, we got our money back and then caught the bus home. A total waste of an evening! £X14. Complete the story with the correct forms of the verbs from the box.(AB P.35) «ome disappear do find leave organise switch take wait work Abbas Akel | was reading a newspaper the other day when I (1) came across a fascinating story. It was about a | cleaner who (2) in mysterious circumstances. Abbas Akel (3) { at the East Hotel for exactly 25 years on the day he vanished. He was a ! popular with everyone and he always (4) his job well. The staff ’ (5) | a surprise party to celebrate Abbas's work anniversary. Everyone (6) f for him in the dining room when the hotel manager stood up, (7)! 1 ‘on the microphone and announced that Abbas couldn't be found | anywhere. While everyone (8) the dining room, the rumours began. Some said he (9) a lot of money in a hotel room and gone to the Jcaribbean. Someone said he (10) a job at a bigger hotel. Abbas was { never seen again. Ise the Past Perfect Simple EX15. Use the prompts to write questions about the story in Exercise 1 or Past Perfect Continuous..{AB P.35) 1. How long / Abbas / work / at the hotel / when / disappear? How long had Abbas been working at the hotel when he disappeared? 2. How / the staff / plan / to celebrate? 3, What/happen/Abbas? 4. go/the Caribbean? 5, get job/a bigger hotel? AoLESSON TWO: GRAMMAR 1. Narrative tenses; Past Perfect Simple and Continuous EL: 1B 2A LC o2F 3A 48 5D 6E 1.both 2. Past Perfect Simple 3, Past Perfect Continuous Ahad checked 2.hadbeen visiting 3. hadrecorded 4. had been learning, S.had not known 6. had been watching EXS: 2.had played 3. had eliminated 4, had been eliminating EX6: 2. (He had been chewing his pen during the exam) _ 3, (It had been raining for five days) 4, (They had been printing fake money). 5. (He had been speaking at a business meeting). EXT: 2.had been cooking (was cooking) 3. was playing 4. had been waiting 5. were dancing 6. Sat EXB: —1-had just solved 2. broke/fell/had been trying 3. was(were) playing/went 4. had been standing/arrived 5. closed/had phoned/was/was EX9: LV 2.X.n(the noises had already stopped) 3.¥ 4, X (Suddenly | heard a noise, so | went upstairs and opened the door to the attic. 5.V 6.X (the actor forgot) 7. X (While | was rowing a boat) L.wandering — 2.spotted ——3.race bellowed 5. muttered L had explored 2. had been lying, 3.had built 4, had been running S.hadmade 6, had been working EX12: L.had been studying 2. had been 3. had beenworrying 4. had never failed S.had he been revising 6. had he forgotten 7. had fallen 2. had already started 3. went 4. hadn't checked 5. were waiting 6. did you do 2. disappeared 3.had been working 4.did 5. had organized 6. was waiting 7, switched 8.wasleaving 9.had found 10. had taken PRR EC Met el Om en rrr mr neneeenreeng