Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
 Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

Oral Communication in
Context
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
The Functions, Nature, and
Process of Communication
 Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

I.
II. UNIT TITLE: COMMUNICATION MODELS
III. LESSON TITLE: 1. The Various Models of Communication
1.1. Linear Communication
1.1.1 Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
1.2. Interactive

1.2.1 Schramm Model of Communication

1.3. Transaction Model
1.4. Other Models of Communication
1.4.1 Eugene White Model of Communication
1.4.2 Berlo’s Model of Communication
1.4.3 Helical Model of Communication

I. LESSON OVERVIEW

Dive into the World of Communication Models:

WHAT IS THE LESSON ALL ABOUT?

This lesson takes students on a journey to explore the fascinating world of

communication models. We'll begin by brainstorming our everyday communication experiences,
then delve into the purpose and benefits of using these models to understand how messages
travel. Next, we'll unpack several key models, like the Shannon-Weaver and Lasswell,
dissecting their components and comparing their unique perspectives. Through group
presentations and discussions, we'll learn to identify strengths, weaknesses, and ideal
applications of each model. But the fun doesn't stop there! We'll put our knowledge to the test
by analyzing real-world communication scenarios, choosing the most fitting model and justifying
our choices. Finally, we'll wrap up by reflecting on how these models can empower us to
become more mindful and effective communicators in our own lives. So, get ready to unlock the
secrets of communication models and embark on this exciting learning adventure.
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NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of the lessons, the students should be able to:

1. differentiate the various models of communication;

2. explain the process of communication through the elements
involved; and
3. recognize the importance of the models in understanding the
communication process as applied in everyday life.

WHAT I KNOW?

Think about a recent conversation you had, either one-on-one or in a

group. How did it go? Did it have a positive outcome, or did it lead to any
confusion or disagreement? What factors do you think influenced the outcome?

Directions: Read each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to your answer.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following elements affects the flow of any communication process?
A. barrier
B. channel
C. feedback
D. source
2. In the above situation, what element of communication is missing?
A. barrier
B. context
C. feedback
D. receiver
3. Which model of communication shows the interchange of ideas among different
individuals and shows progress in the process?
A. Interactive
B. Linear
C. Transactional
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NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

D. NONE of the above

4. Which communication model is dynamic where the process does not stop after one has
given a feedback and which continues to progress as topics and persons involved may
change overtime, too?
A. Interactive
B. Linear
C. Transactional
D. A and C
5. Which of the following is an example of an interactive communication?
A. A jeepney barker persuades the commuters to Pacita Complex.
B. A social media influencer gets million views from her debut video.
C. A TV anchor interviews lawmakers over the MECQ in the metro.
D. A vendor starts a small talk with his customer and the latter gives in to it.
6. Which of the following is NOT a purpose of communication?
A. It creates blunder that worsens an existing issue or concern.
B. It fosters good relationship among people.
C. It gears towards the solution to a problem.
D. It gives an overview of a national issue for public understanding.
7. When is a communication considered failed?
A. A negative feedback was given by the recipient of the message.
B. Both sender and receiver stopped the conversation process.
C. The persons involved fixed the problem that provoked in the process.
D. The recipient did not decode the meaning of the message sent.
8. Which element is NOT found in Shannon-Weaver model?
A. barrier
B. channel
C. feedback
D. receiver
9. Which model shows a one-way communication where the source of information does not
know whether the message is understood or not?
A. Interactive
B. Linear
C. Transactional
D. A and B
10. Which of the following is an example of a one-way communication?
A. A church leader giving a homily to a crowd of people
B. A teacher encouraging students to give their thoughts on a relevant issue
C. Classmates talking about how to accomplish their assignments
D. ALL of the above
11. A friend’s Facebook status caught your attention. It is intended for you. It is personally
attacking you. To put the purpose of communication into context, what is the best thing
you should do?
A. Immediately comment on his/her status with provocative words.
B. Inform him/her that you are going to sue him/her in court.
C. Talk to the concerned person privately to settle the conflict.
D. Tell the public about his/her dishonest way of life
 Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

12. Angie works for a fast-food company as a cashier. A customer comes in to order
sandwich and drinks. What model of communication is described in the given situation?
A. Conversational approach
B. Interactive
C. Linear
D. Transactional model
13. From the given situation above, what should the manager do?
A. Arrogantly confront the customer for being tough
B. Publicly reprimand the cashier to show that the customer is always right
C. Tell the other customers to stop gossiping
D. Respectfully pull out the customer and look for a win-win solution to the problem.
14. On your way home, you dropped by a convenient store. Queuing to pay for some
essentials, you heard a customer arguing with the cashier. The customer talked on top
of his voice complaining for something you could not clearly hear. The buyer next to him
interrupted the one complaining. The others in the line could not help but gave their own
sides of the story. Finally, the manager came in. What model of communication is
presented in the entire scenario?
A. Interactive
B. Linear
C. Occasional
D. Transactional
15. Which model of communication emphasizes the importance of feedback in the
communication process?
A. Berlo’s Model
B. Schramm Model
C. Shannon-Weaver Model
D. Transactional Model

I. LESSON CONTENT

What’s In?

Communicating with others takes us to a new experience. We are either the ones
starting the conversation process or the ones receiving it. As the exchange of information
progresses, both the source and the recipient go through favorable or unfavorable experiences.
The two or more individuals involved may end up satisfied or discontented with the result. At
some random instances, conflicts may incidentally arise. But still, the end goal of
communication is always for building better human relationships.

Imagine your life and the world you live in without proper communication procedure. Would
there be order or chaos? Would there be understanding or misunderstanding?
 Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

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plays a crucial role in human life. It facilitates the sending and receiving of knowledge and
information. It allows people to develop various kinds of social relationships. It provides an
avenue for people to express their ideas, thoughts, feelings, and insights. Without it, societies
will be restrained from developing and progressing. With all the advancements in technology,
communication nowadays has changed dramatically, adapting to the 21st century way of life.
Beginning from the ancient times when messages were written on tablets, clays and barks of
trees or conveyed by the heralds or emissaries for proclamations to an entire territory,
communication has drastically evolved to fastest means of sending messages through
electronic gadgets and computers. Video calling or conferences is another high technological
innovation where distance is not quite a problem anymore to foster mutual understanding. The
representations below will help you understand the basic elements of communication.

See how the elements operate and interact as communication progresses.

1. Models of Communication Process

1.1 Linear Communication

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NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

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INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

Have you talked to somebody but did not get any reaction from him/her at all? Have you
experienced sending a message without receiving any feedback? This is linear communication.

Linear communication is one-way, focusing on the transmission of a message to a

receiver who never responds or has no way of responding to the information conveyed. For
instance, a competition organizer is presenting the contest mechanics. The message is final and
cannot be contended at all. It could be the president giving his State of the Nation Address on
the national television or a student who reads a poem or tells a story in front of an audience in a
school program. Other examples include sending a notification or automated message that does
not require a reply, reading a blog, or even the traditional way of sending a message such as a
telegram.

Fig 1. Shannon-Weaver Model

Source: http://tinyurl.com/49nvar9j

1.1.1 Shannon-Weaver Model

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NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

An example of linear type of communication is the Shannon-Weaver model (1949). It is

also considered as the mother of all communication models. It has a one-way process starting
from a source (producer of message); passing through a channel (signals adapted for
transmission) which may at times be interrupted by noise (barrier) to a receiver (decoder