SAHODAYA SCHOOL COMPLEX, KOCHI

MODEL EXAMINATION 2024-25

CLASS: XII PHYSICS (042) TIME: 3HRS
MARKS: 70

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1
mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks
each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three
questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
SECTION – A

1. The energy band gap is maximum in which of the following? 1

a) Metals b) Superconductors c) Insulators d) Semiconductors

2. If the frequency of the incident radiation is equal to the threshold frequency, what will 1
be the value of the stopping potential?
a) 0 b) Infinite c) 180 V d) 1220 V

3. What is the ratio of minimum to maximum wavelength in the Balmer series? 1

a) 5:9 b) 5:36 c) 1:4 d) 3:4

4. If the force acting on a point charge kept on the axis of an electric dipole is F, what will 1
be the amount of force if the distance of the point charge from the centre of the dipole
is doubled
a) 2F b) F/8 c) F/2 d) F/4

5. When two nuclei (with A=8) join to form a heavier nucleus, the binding energy per 1
nucleon of the heavier nucleus is
a)more than the binding energy per nucleon of the lighter nuclei
b)same as the binding energy per nucleon of the lighter nuclei
c)less than the binding energy per nucleon of the lighter nuclei
d)double the binding energy per nucleon of the lighter nuclei

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6. A circular current carrying coil has a radius R. The distance from the centre of the coil 1
on the axis of the coil, where the magnetic induction is 1/8th of its value at the centre
of the coil, is
(a) √3/R b) R/√3 c)2/R d)√3R

7. A coil of effective area 4 m2 is placed at right angles to the magnetic induction B. An 1

e.m.f. of 0.32 V is induced in the coil. When the field is reduced to 20% of its initial
value in 0.5 sec. The value of B is
a)5Wb/m2 b) 0.5Wb/m2 c) 0.05Wb/m2 d) 0.005Wb/m2

8. An alternating voltage (in volts) = 100√2 sin 100t is connected to one microfarad 1
capacitor. The reading of the ammeter shall be
(a)100 mA (b)20 mA (c) 1 mA (d)10 mA

9. When a ray of light enters from one medium to another, its velocity is doubled. The 1
critical angle for the ray for total internal reflection will be
a) 300 b)600 c)900 d)450

10. Red light is incident on a converging lens of focal length f. When we replace this red 1
light with blue then the focal length
(a) will increase (b) will decrease (c) will remain same (d) will become zero

11. The light of wavelength 600 × 10 -9m is incident normally on a slit of width 3 × 10 -3m. 1
The linear width of central maximum on a screen kept 3 m away from the slit is
a)1.2x103m b)1.2x10 -3m c)3.2x10-3m d)2.1x10-3m

12. When Young’s double slit experiment is performed in water, the fringe width 1
(a) will remain unaffected (b) will decrease (c) will increase (d) reduces to zero.

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and
other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the
options as given below.
A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

13. Assertion: Silicon is preferred over germanium for making semiconductor devices. 1
Reason: The energy gap in germanium is more than the energy gap in silicon.

14. Assertion: The force of repulsion between atomic nucleus and α-particle varies with 1
distance according to inverse square law.
Reason : Rutherford did α-particle scattering experiment.

15. Assertion: Total flux through a closed surface is zero if no charge is enclosed by the 1
surface.
Reason: Gauss law is true for any closed surface, no matter what its shape or size is.

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16. Assertion: Microwaves can penetrate through certain materials, making them useful for 1
communication.
Reason: Microwaves have lower frequencies compared to infrared waves.

SECTION –B

17. A battery of emf E and internal resistance r when connected across an external 2
resistance of 12 Ω, produces a current of 0.5 A. When connected across a resistance of
25 Ω, it produces a current of 0.25 A. Determine
(i) the emf and
(ii) the internal resistance of the cell.

18. (a) In the given diagram, is the junction diode forward biased or reverse biased? 2

(b)How is the width of depletion layer affected in the forward and reverse biasing?

19. A proton and an electron have same kinetic energy. Which one has greater de-Broglie 2
wavelength and why?
OR
Find the ratio of de-Broglie wavelengths associated with two electrons accelerated
through 25 V and 36 V.

20. A biconvex lens has a focal length 2/3 times the radius of curvature of either surface. 2
Calculate the refractive index of lens material.

21. A coil of ‘N’ turns and radius ‘R’ carries a current ‘I’. It is unwound and rewound to 2
make a square coil of side ‘a’ having same number of turns (N). Keeping the current ‘I’
same, find the ratio of the magnetic moments of the square coil and the circular coil.

SECTION –C

22. (a)Define electric dipole moment. Write its S.I. unit. 3

(b)Two-point charges 4 µC and +1 µC are separated by a distance of 2 m in air. Find the
point on the line-joining charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero.

23. Explain, with the help of a circuit diagram, the working of a p-n junction diode as a 3
half-wave rectifier.
OR
a) Draw the circuit diagrams to study the characteristics of a p-n junction diode in
forward bias and reverse bias
b) Draw the typical V – I characteristics.

24. In hydrogen atom, an electron undergoes transition from 3rd excited state to the first 3
excited state and then to the ground state. (i) Identify the spectral series to which
these transitions belong.
(ii) Find out the ratio of the wavelengths of the emitted radiations in the two cases.

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25. (a) The graphs shown in the figure represent variation of opposition offered by the 3
circuit elements, X and Y, respectively to the flow of alternating current vs. the
frequency of the applied emf. Identify the elements X and Y.

(b) Write the expression for the impedance offered by each element connected to an ac
source of voltage V = V0 sin ωt.
(c)Show on a graph the variation of the voltage and the current for each element.

26. Draw a plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their separation. 3
Write two important conclusions which you can draw regarding the nature of nuclear
forces.

27. (i) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a moving coil galvanometer. 3
(ii)What is the importance of radial magnetic field and how is it produced?

28. In a modified set-up of Young’s double slit experiment, it is given that SS2 – SS1 = λ/4, 3
i.e. the source ‘S’ is not equidistant from the slits S1 and S2.
(a) Obtain the conditions for constructive and destructive interference at any point P on
the screen in terms of the path difference δ = S2P-S1P.

(b) Does the observed central bright fringe lie above or below ‘O’? Give reason to
support your answer.

SECTION –D

29. The parallel plate capacitor consists of two parallel metal plates X and Y each of area A, 4
separated by a distance d, having a surface charge density σ as shown in figure. The
medium between the plates is air. A charge +q is given to the plate X. It induces a
charge –q on the upper surface of earthed plate Y. When the plates are very close to
each other, the field is confined to the region between them. The electric lines of force
starting from plate X and ending at the plate Y are parallel to each other and
perpendicular to the plates.

(i)What happens to the capacitance when a dielectric material is inserted between the
plates of a parallel plate capacitor?
a) Capacitance decreases b) Capacitance remains same
c) Capacitance increases d) Depends upon the material of the dielectric

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 (ii)What is the dielectric constant of the medium if the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor increases from 40F to 80F on introducing a dielectric medium between the
plates?
a) 20 b) 0.5 c) 5 d) 2

(iii)A network of four capacitors each of 12μF capacitance is connected to a 500 V

supply as shown in the figure. The charge on capacitor C1

a) 2x10-3C b) 6x10-3C c) 3x10-3C d) 4x10-3C

iv) How does the potential difference change with the effect of the dielectric when the
battery is kept disconnected from the capacitor?
a) Increases b) Decreases c) Remains constant d) Becomes zero
OR
The net capacitance of three identical capacitors in series is 3 pF. The net capacitance
if connected in parallel is
a) 9µF b) 1µF c)27µF d)2µF

30. In an electromagnetic wave both the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to 4
the direction of propagation, that is why electromagnetic waves are transverse in
nature. Electromagnetic waves carry energy as they travel through space and this
energy is shared equally by the electric and magnetic fields. Energy density of an
electromagnetic waves is the energy in unit volume of the space through which the
wave travels.

(i) If Vg, Vx and Vm are the speeds of gamma rays, X-rays and microwaves respectively in
vacuum, then
a) Vg >Vx > Vm b) Vg<Vx <Vm c) Vg=Vx =Vm d)None of these

(ii)Which of the following statement is false for the properties of electromagnetic

waves?
a) Both electric and magnetic field vectors are perpendicular to each other and
perpendicular to the direction of propagation of wave
b) The energy in electromagnetic waves is divided equally between electric and
magnetic field vectors
c) Both electric and magnetic field vectors are parallel to each other and perpendicular
to the direction of propagation of wave
d) These waves do not require any material medium for propagation

(iii)Is the ratio of frequencies of UV rays and IR rays in glass more than, less than or
equal to 1?
a) Insufficient data b) Equal to 1 c) Less than 1 d) More than 1

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 (iv)If the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is doubled, what will happen to the
energy of photons?
a) Doubled b) Halved c) Remains the same d) Becomes zero
OR
Welders wear special goggles or face masks with glass windows to protect their eyes
from electromagnetic radiations. The radiation used is
a)UV b) Infrared c)Microwaves d) X-rays

SECTION E

31. a) Using Kirchhoff’s laws obtain the equation of the balanced state in Wheatstone 5
bridge.
b) Using Kirchhoff’s law determine the value of current I1 flowing in the circuit shown in
the figure

OR
a)Obtain the expression for current through a conductor in terms of drift velocity
b) Plot a graph showing temperature dependence of resistivity for a semiconductor.
c) At what temperature will the resistance of conductor be doubled of its resistance at
400 C? Temperature co-efficient of the conductor is 6 x 10-3 K-1.

32. a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low ac 5
voltage into a high voltage. Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage to
the primary voltage in terms of the ratio of the number of turns of primary and
secondary winding. For an ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary and secondary
currents in terms of the ratio of the voltages in the secondary and primary coils.
b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.

OR
a) Derive an expression for the average power consumed in a series LCR circuit
connected to a.c. source.
b) Find the value of the phase difference between the current and the voltage in the
series LCR circuit shown here. Which one leads in phase: current or voltage?

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33. a) Draw a ray diagram of a compound microscope. Write the expression for its 5
magnifying power.
b) The total magnification produced by a compound microscope is 20. The
magnification produced by the eye piece is 5. The microscope is focussed on a certain
object. The distance between the objective and the eyepiece is observed to be 14 cm.
If least distance of distinct vision is 20 cm, calculate the focal length of the objective
and the eye piece.
OR

a) Draw a ray diagram showing the path of a ray of light entering through a triangular
glass prism. Deduce the expression for the refractive index of glass prism in terms of the
angle of minimum deviation and angle of the prism.
b) A ray of light passes through an equilateral prism in such a way that the angle of
incidence is equal to the angle of emergence and each of these angles is 3/4 times the
angle of the prism. Determine
(i) the angle of deviation and
(ii) the refractive index of the prism