Page 1

OBJECTIVE - I
1. Consider the following two equations :


(A)

R =
1
M
 mi ri and (B)

a CM =
F
M
.
i
In a non-inertial frame
(A) both are correct
(B) both are wrong
(C*) A is correct but B is wrong
(D) B is correct but A is wrong
Sol. C
In a noninertial frame, positing the particle is not change.
2. Consider the following two statements :
(a) linear momentum of the system remains constant
(b) centre of mass of the system remains at rest.
(A) a implies b and b implies a
(B) a does not imply b and b does not imply a
(C) a implies b but b does not imply a
(D*) b implies a but a does not imply b
Sol. D
Centre of mass of the system

 1 
R  m i ri
M

dR 1 
=0= S mi vi
dt M
It means linear momentum of the system remain constant.
3. Consider the following two statements :
(a)Linear momentum of the system of particles is zero
(b) Kinetic energy of a system of particles is zero
(A) a implies b and b implies a
(B) a does not imply b and b does not imply a
(C) a implies b but b does not imply a
(D*) b implies a but a does not imply a
Sol. D
Kinetic energy of the system = 1/2 m1v12 + 1/2 m2v22 + ..............
= zero
mean v1 = v2 = v3 = ................ = 0
 
Linear momentum of the system = m1v1 + m 2 v 2 + .................
 
In this case v1  v 2  0
 
It is possible that m1v1 = – m 2 v 2 (If two particle system)
4. Consider the following two statements :
(a) the linear momentum of a particle is independent of the frame of reference
(b) the kinetic energy of a particle is independent of the frame of reference
(A) both a and b are true (B) a is true but b is false
(C) a is false but b is true (D*) both a and b are false
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Sol. D
Linear momentum & kinetic energy of a particle is dependent of the frame of reference. Because velocity is dependent
on the frame of reference
Linear momentum = mv
K.E. = 1/2 mv2
5. All the particles of a body are situated at a distance R from the origin. The distance of the centre of mass of the
body from the origin is
(A) = R (B*) £ R (C*) > R (D) ³ R
Sol. B
Distance of centre of mass from the origin

1 S 
R' = mr
M  11
Half particle lies in y-axis
 
m3R j  m 4 R j  ..........
Þ ycom =
m1  m 2  m3  m 4  ...........

Rj
=
2

R R
Coordinate of com is  , 
2 2

R
Distance centre mass from the origin = ......... (1)
2
R' < R
When conclude
Distance of centre of mass from the origin £ R
6. A circular plate of diameter d is kept in contact with a square plate of edge d as shown in figure. The density of
the material and the thickness are same everywhere. The centre of mass of the composite system will be

(A) inside the circular plate (B) inside the square plate
(C) at the point of contact (D*) outside the system
Sol. B
m1 = dp (d/2)2 t {t ® thichness}
2
m2 = d d t {mass = desily x volume}
Centre of mass of circular plate at centre. Lett the centre of circular plate is origin.

r1 = 0
Centre of mass of square plate at centre.
 m1 m2
r2 = 2d
  (0,0)
m1 r1  m 2 r2 m1  0  d 2 t  2d
R=
m1  m 2 = d / 2 2 t  d 2 t
d d
2d
R= = (1.12) d
 / 4 1
R>d
Centre of mass of the system lies in the square plate.
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
7. Consider a system of two identical particles. One of the particles is at rest and the other has an acceleration a .
The centre of mass has an acceleration.
1   
(A*) zero 'kwU; (B) a (C) a (D*) 2 a
2
Sol. B
m m a
rest
 
m1a1  m 2a 2
Acceleration of centre of mass =
m1  m 2
 
m  0  ma a
= =
2m 2

8. Internal forces can change

(A) the linear momentum but not the kinetic energy
(B*) the kinetic energy but not the linear momentum
(C) linear momentum as well as kinetic energy
(D) neither the linear momentum nor the kinetic energy
(Sol. B
Internal forces can change the kinetic energy but not the linearmomentum.
Because the centre of mass of the system remains at rest.

9. A bullet hits a block kept at rest on a smooth horizontal surface and gets embedded into it. Which of the
following does not change ?
(A) linear momentum of the block (B) kinetic energy of the block
(C*) gravitational potential energy of the block (D) temperature of the block

Sol. C
Initial position final position
(rest)
v m1+m2 v•
m2 m1
Linear momentum conservation
m1 × 0 + m2v = (m1 + m2) v'

m2v
Þ v' =
m1  m 2
Initial linear momentum of the block = m1 × 0 = 0
Final linear momentum of the block = m1v'

 mm 
 1 2 v
= 
 m1  m 2 
Change in kinetic energy of the block = K.Ef – K.Ei
= 1/2 m1v'2 – 0
2
 m1m 2 
= 1/2 m1  v 
 m1  m 2 
In this process energy temperature of the block increases. But gravitation potential energy of the block is remain same.
Because height of the block is not change.
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10. A uniform sphere is placed on a smooth horizontal surface and a horizontal force F is applied on it at a distance
h above the surface. The acceleration of the centre
(A) is maximum when h = 0 (B) is maximum when h = R
(C) is maximum when h = 2R (D*) is independent of h
Sol. D

F
sphere
h

smooth
On smooth surface, sphere is only slip.
Acceleration of centre of sphere is = F/m which is independent of h.

11. A body falling vertically downwards under gravity breaks in two parts of unequal masses. The centre of mass
of the two parts taken together shifts horizontally towards
(A) heavier piece
(B) lighter piece
(C*) does not shift horizontally
(D) depends on the vertical velocity at the time of breaking
Sol. C
A body falling vertically downwards under gravity breaks in two parts of unequal masses. The centre of mass of the
system does not shift horizontally. As external horizontal force is zero.
12. A ball kept in a closed box moves in the box making collisions with the walls. The box is kept on a smooth
surface. The velocity of the centre of mass
(A) of the box remains constant
(B*) of the box plus the ball system remains constant
(C) of the ball remains constant
(D) of the ball relative to the box remains constant
Sol. B
The velocity of the centre of masss of the system is ramains constant. (assume that collision will taken as perfectly
elastic).
13. A body at rest breaks into two pieces of equal masses. The parts will move
(A) in same direction (B) along different lines
(C*) in opposite directions with equal speeds (D) in opposite directions with unequal speeds
Sol. C
By linear momentum conservation
pi = pf

m m
m×0= v1 + v
2 2 2
v1 = – v2
14. A heavy ring of mass m is clamped on the periphery of a light circular disc. A small particle having equal mass
is clamped at the centre of the disc. The system is rotated in such a way that the centre moves in a circle of
radius r with a uniform speed v. We conclude that an external force

mv 2 2mv 2
(A) must be acting on the central particle (B) must be acting on the central particle
r r

2mv 2 2mv 2
(C*) must be acting on the system (D) must be acting on the ring.
r r
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Sol. C
m0  mR R m
Centre of mass = =
2m 2 R
mv 2 mv2
External force acting on the system = = m
r R/2
2mv 2
=
R

15. The quantities remaining constant in a collision are

(A) momentum, kinetic energy and temperature
(B) momentum and kinetic energy but not temperature
(C) momentum and temperature but not kinetic energy
(D*) momentum, but neither kinetic energy nor temperature

Sol. D
After collision, linear momentun of the system is remain same.
Kinetic energy is not remain same because it depend upon the collision is perfectly elastic or in elastic.


16. A nucleus moving with a velocity v emits an a-particle. Let the velocities of the a-particle and the remaining
 
nucleus be v1 and v 2 must be parallel to be m1 and m2.
  
(A) v , v1 and v 2 must be parallel to each other
  
(B) None of the two of v , v1 and v 2 should be parallel to each other
  
(C) v1 and v 2 must be parallel to v
  
(D*) m1 v1 + m2 v 2 must be parallel to v

Sol. D
By linear momentum conservation
pi = pf
 
= m1v1  m 2 v 2
 
m1v1  m 2 v 2 must be parallel to v .

17. A shell is fired from a canon with a velocity V at an angle q with the horizontal direction. At the highest point
in its path, it explodes into two pieces of equal masses. One of the pieces retraces it path to the cannon. The
speed of the other piece immediately after the explosion is

3
(A*) 3V cosq (B) 2V cosq (C) V cosq (D) V cosq
2
Sol. A
Linear momentum is conserved in horizontal direction vcos m/2 m/2 v•
pi = pf
vsin v
m m
mv cos q = – v cos q + v' 
2 2 m vcos xcom
v' = 3 v cos q
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18. In an elastic collision

(A*) the initial kinetic energy is equal to the final kinetic energy
(B) the final kinetic energy is less than the initial kinetic energy
(C) the kinetic energy remains constant
+ (D) the kinetic energy first increases then decreases.

Sol. A
In an elastic collision, no energy is loss into heat. So the final K.E. is euqal than the initial K.E.

19. In an inelastic collision

(A) the initial kinetic energy is equal to the final kinetic energy
(B*) the final kinetic energy is less than the initial kinetic energy
(C) the kinetic energy remains the constant
(D) the kinetic energy first increases then decreases

Sol. B
In an elastic collision, same energy is loss into heat. So the final K.E. is loss than the initial K.E.
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OBJECTIVE - II

1. The centre of mass of a system of particles is at the origin. It follows that

(A) the number of particles to the right of the origin is equal to the number of particles to the left
(B) the total mass of the particles to the right of the origin is same as the total mass to the left of the origin
(C) the number of particles on X-axis should be equal to the number of particles on Y-axis.
(D) if there is a particle on the positive X-axis, there must be at least one particle on the negative X-axis.
Sol. D (none)
Product of the miri of left side particle equal to the product of the of the mjrj of right side particle.

1
R= mr
M kk
1 1
O= mkrk = ( miri + mjrj)
M M
Þ miri = mjrj

2. A body has its centre of mass at the origin. The x-coordinates of the particles
(A) may be all positive
(B) may be all negative
(C*) may be all non-negative
(D*) may be positive for some cases and negative in other cases

Sol. CD
rCOM (0, 0) (Given)

m1x1  m 2 x 2  m3 x 3 .......
XCOM = 0 =
m1  m 2  m3  .........
m1x1 + m2x2 + m3x3 + ............. = 0
May be all mom-negative mean its cansider –ve and zero. All –ve is not possible but all position is zero is posible.

3. In which of the following cases the centre of mass of a rod is certainly not at its centre ?
(A*) the density continuously increases from left to right
(B*) the density continuously decreases from left to right
(C) the density decreases from left to right upto the centre and then increases
(D) the density increases from left to right upto the centre and then decreases
Sol. AB
Centre of mass of a rod is not at its centre means mass of the rod varies according to length. Or we can say that density
is continuously change according to length from left to right or right to left.

4. If the external forces acting on a system have zero resultant, the centre of mass
(A) must not move
(B*) must not accelerate
(C*) may move
(D) may accelerate

Sol. BC
Centre of mass of acceleration is zero. But it may be more uniformaly with costant velocity.

Fnet
Acceleration of centre of mass = =0
M
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5. A nonzero external force acts on a system of particles. The velocity and the acceleration of the centre of mass
are found to be v0 and a0 at an instant t. It is possible that
(A) v0 = 0, a0 = 0 (B*) v0 = 0, a0 ¹ 0 (C) v0 ¹ 0, a0 = 0 (D*) v0 ¹ 0, a0 ¹ 0
Sol. BD
A non zero external force acts on a system, that causes acceleration of centre of mass at an instant 't' is 'a0' But velocity
of centre of mass is v0 or zero.

6. Two balls are thrown simultaneously in air. The acceleration of the centre of mass of the two balls while in air
(A) depends on the direction of the motion of the balls
(B) depends on the masses of the two balls
(C) depends on the speeds of the two balls
(D*) is equal to g

Sol. D
 
m1a1  m 2a 2
Acceleration of centre of mass =
m1  m 2

m1g  m 2g
=
m1  m 2
=g

7. A block moving in air breaks in two parts and the parts separate
(A*) the total momentum must be conserved (B) the total kinetic energy must be conserved
(C) the total momentum must change (D*) the total kinetic energy must change
Sol. AD
A block moving in air & breaks in two parts then the total momentum must be conserved. But the total kinetic energy
must change.

8. In an elastic collision
(A) the kinetic energy remains constant
(B*) the linear momentum remains constant
(C*) the final kinetic energy is equal to the initial kinetic energy
(D*) the final linear momentum is equal to the initial linear momentum
Sol. BCD
In a elastic collision
Þ The linear momentum remain constant
Þ The final linear momentum is equal to the initial linear momentum
Þ The final kinetic energy is equal to the initial kinetic energy.

9. A ball hits a floor and rebounds after an inelastic collision. In this case
(A) the momentum of the ball just after the collision is same as that just before the collision
(B) the mechanical energy of the ball remains the same during the collision
(C*) the total momentum of the ball and the earth is conserved
(D*) the total energy of the ball and the earth remains the same

Sol. CD
The total momentum of the system (earth + ball) is conserved.
The total energy of the ball is change but the total energy of the ball and the earth remains the same.
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10. A body moving towards a finite body at rest collides with it. It is possible that
(A) both the bodies come to rest
(B*) both the bodies move after collision
(C*) the moving body comes to rest and the stationary body starts moving
(D) the stationary body remains stationary, the moving body changes its velocity.

Sol. BC
Before collision after collision

u (rest) v1 v2
m1 m2 m1 m2
By linear momentum conservation Þ
pi = pf
m1u = m1v1 + m2v2
Þ v1 = v2 ¹ 0

m1u
Þ may be posible v1 = 0 & v2 =
m2

11. In head on elastic collision of two bodies of equal masses

(A*) the velocities are interchanged
(B*) the speeds are interchanged
(C*) the momenta are interchanged
(D*) the faster body slows down and the slower body speeds up.

Sol. ABCD
Before collision
u1 u2
{Let u1 > u2}
m m
After elastic collision
u2 u1 (By linear momentum
m m conservation)
Þ velocities are inter changed
Þ speeds are inter changed
Þ momenta are inter changed
Þ faster body slows down and the slower body speed up.