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The document presents an experiment on solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, focusing on plotting I-V and P-V characteristics while varying irradiance and temperature. It includes a detailed theory of PV systems, components required for the experiment, and tabulated results showing the effects of irradiance and temperature on voltage and current. The results indicate successful plotting of characteristics and analysis of parameters like open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc).

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6 views7 pages

Wse Exp1

The document presents an experiment on solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, focusing on plotting I-V and P-V characteristics while varying irradiance and temperature. It includes a detailed theory of PV systems, components required for the experiment, and tabulated results showing the effects of irradiance and temperature on voltage and current. The results indicate successful plotting of characteristics and analysis of parameters like open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc).

Uploaded by

astridyoungtheo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment

On

Solar PV panel and study of PV module

Wind and Solar Electrical systems ( EEPE-26)

Submitted by

Kanchana

Maddula

107122025

Faculty In charge

Dr N . Kumaresan

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

National Institute of Technology

Tiruchirappalli -620015
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

DATASHEET USED FOR SIMULATION


AIM

To Plot I-V and P-V characteristics of a PV panel and to study about Solar PV
module by vaying irradiance or temperature .

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

S.NO NAME OF THE COMPONENT QUANTITY


1 PV Array 1
2 Capacitor 1
3 Constant blocks 2
4 Scope 3
5 Display 2
6 Variable resistor 1
7 Ramp block 1
8 Voltage measurements 1
9 Current measurements 1

THEORY

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are devices that convert sunlight directly into
electricity using the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight strikes the surface of a solar
cell, the photons energize the electrons in the semiconductor material, causing them to
move and generate an electric current. PV systems are widely used for sustainable
energy generation and are a crucial component in reducing dependency on fossil
fuels.A photovoltaic module consists of multiple solar cells connected in series or
parallel. Each solar cell is made of semiconductor materials such as silicon, which are
treated to form a p-n junction

The performance of a PV module is determined by its electrical characteristics,


typically represented by I-V and P-V curves.

Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc): The maximum voltage output when the circuit is open
(no load).

Short-Circuit Current (Isc): The current when the terminals are shorted.

Maximum Power Point (MPP): The point on the curve where the product of voltage
and current is maximum, representing peak power output.

Fill Factor (FF): A measure of the module's quality, calculated as the ratio of the
actual maximum power to the product of Voc and Isc.
I-V and P -V characteristics

ASM-M10-144-AAA (Adani solar PV module datasheet is choosen)

Ratings at STC are as follows 𝑝𝑝 = 41.19 V, 𝑝𝑝 = 12.65 A , 𝑐 = 48.18 V ,

𝑐 = 13.54 A ,520 W

 Varying irradiance and fixed temperature

 Varying temperature and fixed irradiance


TABULATION

 Fixed temperature 25 deg celcius and varying irradiance

S.No Irradiance 𝑐 (V) 𝑐 (A) 𝑝𝑝 (V) 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 (W)


( Kw/m^2) (A)
1 1 48.18 13.54 41.19 12.65 521.05
2 0.8 47.71 10.91 40.9502 10.07 412.769
3 0.6 47.05 8.18 40.6865 7.55 307.277
4 0.4 46.41 5.45 40.1326 5.04 202.242
5 0.2 45.2 2.73 39.09 2.51 98.49

 Fixed irradiance and varying temperature

S.No Temperature 𝑐 (V) 𝑐 (A) 𝑝𝑝 (V) 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 (W)


( C) (A)
1 25 48.18 13.54 41.19 12.65 521.05
2 35 46.63 13.61 39.573 12.65 500.144
3 45 45.09 13.69 38.028 12.67 481.701
4 55 43.55 13.77 36.38 12.72 463.025
5 65 42.01 13.95 34.84 12.74 444.102
OBSERVATION FROM THE VALUES OF 𝐎 and 𝐎

 Case 1 - Fixed temperature 25 deg celcius and varying irradiance

 The photocurrent (Iph) generated in a solar cell is directly proportional to the


number of photons striking the cell. As irradiance increases, more photons hit the
solar cell, creating more electron-hole pairs, which results in a higher current.

 Isc is directly proportional to G Where G is the irradiance

 Voc increases logarithmically with irradiance.Unlike Isc, which changes


linearly, Voc has a weaker dependence on irradiance because it is influenced
by the ratio of photocurrent to saturation current (which changes with
irradiance).

 Case 2 - Fixed irradiance at 1000W/m^2 and varying temperature

 Voc decreases with increasing temperature at a fixed irradiance . The bandgap


energy (Eg) of the semiconductor decreases with temperature, reducing the
maximum voltage that can be generated.

 The reverse saturation current increases exponentially with temperature,


which also reduces Voc as it is inversely related to reverse saturation
current

 Isc increases slightly with increasing temperature.

 As temperature rises, the intrinsic carrier concentration of the semiconductor


increases, leading to a small increase in photocurrent (Iph).

 Isc increases linearly, but the effect is small compared to the drop in Voc.

RESULT

The I -V and P-V characteristics are succesfully plotted through matlab also the
variation of the parameters like Voc and Isc is studied successfully .

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