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NFA Non Deterministic Finite Automata Explained

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27 views10 pages

NFA Non Deterministic Finite Automata Explained

DOCUMENT

Uploaded by

soumenpatra0987
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NFA: Non-deterministic Finite

Automata Explained
This presentation explores Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFAs). We'll
cover the definition and components. This includes state diagrams,
transition tables, and input processing.
What is an Automaton? A Quick Intro
Definition Purpose Types
An automaton is an abstract self- Automata model computation. They There are many types of automata.
operating machine. This includes finite help understand computability and These include Finite Automata,
state machines. complexity. Pushdown Automata and Turing
Machines.
Deterministic vs. Non-Deterministic
Deterministic Non-Deterministic
For each state and input, there is only one possible next state. For each state and input, there can be multiple possible next
states.
NFA: Definition and
Components
1 States 2 Alphabet
A finite set of states where A finite set of input symbols.
the automaton can be.

3 Transition Function
Defines how the automaton moves between states based on input.
NFA: State Diagrams and Transition Tables
State Diagrams Transition Tables
Visual representation of states and transitions. Arrows indicate Tabular representation of the transition function. Rows are
possible transitions. states and columns are inputs.
How NFAs Process Input
Strings
Start State
1
Begin at the designated start state.

Input Reading
2
Read the input string symbol by symbol.

Transition
3
Move between states based on the transition function.

Acceptance
4
If any path leads to an accept state, the string is accepted.
NFA Example: Accepting
Strings with "ab"
States Transitions
Include start, intermediate, and Moves to the next state on 'a'
accept states. then 'b'.

Acceptance
Accept if "ab" is a substring.
NFA vs. DFA: Strengths and Weaknesses
NFAs DFAs
Simpler to design. Easier to implement.
Can be more concise. Deterministic processing.
May require more computation. Can have larger state space.
Applications of NFAs in
Computer Science

Pattern Matching Lexical Analysis Text Search


Used in regular Help in tokenizing Efficiently search for
expression matching. source code. patterns.
Conclusion: NFA Key
Takeaways and Next Steps
1 Key Takeaways
NFAs provide a flexible model of computation. They are useful for
pattern recognition.

2 Next Steps
Learn about DFA minimization and NFA to DFA conversion.

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