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Uts Socio Anthro

The document explores the sociological and anthropological perspectives on the self, emphasizing how modern society shapes individual identity through rationality and personal relationships. It discusses the concept of the self as a necessary fiction, the challenges of self-creation in a postmodern context, and the role of social interaction in the development of identity. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between 'Moi' and 'Personne' in anthropology, illustrating how culture influences self-perception and behavior.

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5 views5 pages

Uts Socio Anthro

The document explores the sociological and anthropological perspectives on the self, emphasizing how modern society shapes individual identity through rationality and personal relationships. It discusses the concept of the self as a necessary fiction, the challenges of self-creation in a postmodern context, and the role of social interaction in the development of identity. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between 'Moi' and 'Personne' in anthropology, illustrating how culture influences self-perception and behavior.

Uploaded by

eldrincabang858
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UTS REVIEWER (Sociological and Anthropological Perspective)

SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SELF


Self as product of modern society

Clifford Geertz:
“The struggle for one’s individuality is only possible in modern society where
religiotheological traditions are gradually replaced by rational and scientific calculations;
and the intimate personal affliations are replaced by exceedingly impersonal
associations brought about urbanized way of life.”
Religio-theological tradition – Holy Bible
Rational and Scientific Calculations – Prove something
Modern Notion of Love and Intimate relationship
 In early times
- Love grew mostly in these stolen spaces where tradition was
defied/challenged.
- Morality defined everyone’s place in a given relationship; there was nothing to
create nor negotiate

 Today
- Personal relationships must often work out their own ethics
- The gentle touch of love becomes an iron grip of power.
- Care for or doing what is best for other and similar love motives are now the
legitimizing formulae for domination
The stability of one’s self-identity in no longer anchored on pre-given tradition-
bound definition of the self. It is now freely chosen.

Self as Necessary Fiction (Friedrich Nietzche)


Fiction – Unreal
Necessary Fictions are beliefs that cannot be proven to be true and sometimes
can be proven false, but are, nonetheless, necessary to sustain life.
The self is a set of moving parts with the movement being informed by one’s
need at any given time.
They are fictions because they cannot be proven. They are necessary
because without them, we would be rudderless in a world chaos.
In one situation we experience our ‘self’ in this way. In another situation we
experience our ‘self’ differently.
So each of us is many people, or in relational parlance, we are multiple
(Nietzche, 1887). The manner in which we organize our multiplicity shapes our
character, what we call ‘self’.

 Fixation – Result/Personality
 Overfed – Kapag pinaubos ni Mommy yung milk ni baby kahit ayaw niya na.

Post – Modern View of the Self


- Self is a narrative, a text written and rewritten
- Information technology dislocates the self, thus, self is “digitalized” in
cyberspace (Nicola Green)

Zygmunt Bauman
Modern Problem of Identity – How to construct an identity and keep it solid and
stable.
Postmodern Problem of Identity – How to avoid fixation and keep the options open.

Self as Artistic Creation


Nietzche : “The unity of the self is not something that is pregiven to individuals. It is
something that they must accomplish through conscious effort”
- We create ourselves to get hold of the present, forgive the past, and plan the
future.
Anxiety – Future
Depression – Past
Self Creation and the Struggle for Cultural Identity
A challenge of self-identity amidst recognition of racial and ethnic identities which
are considered unalterable circumstances.
Beyond Self-Creation
- Search for self-identity is a product of modern society but this is complicated
by the socio-cultural sensibilities of postmodernity, new information
technologies and globalization. Yet the project of self creation is embedded
within imagined communities.
- The self constantly lives in this paradox; to pursue self creation within
pregiven, not willfully chosen social cirscumstances.

Mead and the Social Self


The social conception of the self entails that individual selves are the products of
social interaction and not the logical or biological preconditions of that interaction.
- It is not initially there at birth, but arises in the process of social experience
and activity.
- Mind arises out of the social act of communication
George Herbert Mead
- Ourselves are not pregiven at birth.
- Nabubuo ang pagkatao ng isang tao dahil sa socialization.

Three activities through which the self is developed


1. Language – Allows individuals to take on the “role of the other” and allows people
to respond to his or her own gestures in terms of the symbolized attitudes of
other. Non-verbal (sign language, gestures), verbal (spoken words).
2. Play – Allows individuals to take on the roles of other people and pretend to be
those other people in order to express the expectations of significant others.
- Isa sa way para malaman kung ano anf profession na gusto.
- Social Modelling Theory (B.F. Skinner) BUBUDOLL EXPERIMENT
o Transfer;
o Kung ano ang nakikita, yun ang ginagawa
3. Game – Requires the individual to internalize the roles of all others who are
comprehend the rules of the game
Example: Patintero
- Hindi lang sa larong ito, pero sa lahat ng laro, natututunan nating maging
competitive, na hind isa lahat ng pagkakataon, tayo ay talo.
The two sides of the self
1. The “me” represents the expectations and attitudes of others (the generalized
other).
- It represents the learned behavior, attitudes, and expectations of other and
society.
Me - Expectations
2. The “I” can be considered the present and future phase of the self.
- Represents the individual’s identity based on response to the “me”.
I - Response

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SELF


The self and person in contemporary world according to Marcel Mauss, every
self has two races.
1. Moi – refers to a person’s basic identity; It is a person’s sense of who he is, his
body, and his basic identity, his biological giveness.
EX: Gender
2. Personne – confused of social concepts of what it means to be who he is, it has
much to do with what it means to live in a particular institutions; a particular
family, a particular religion, a particular nationality, and how to behave given
expectations and influences from others.
- “Who do you think you are based on your Moi?”
Example:
Girl – Nagsusuot ng chess, wearing make-up
Boy – Wearing jeans, cap
The self-embedded in culture
Culture – way of life
Subculture – A culture group within a larger culture, often having beliefs and interests
at variance with those of the larger culture.
- Kapag naihalo ka sa ibang namamayaning kultura

Anthropology – The study of artifacts


Evolution – Development in the way of life

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