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Shear and Moment in Beams-Part2

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Abathar Al-Hamrani
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7 views10 pages

Shear and Moment in Beams-Part2

Uploaded by

Abathar Al-Hamrani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Shear and moment diagrams in beams

In cases where a beam is subjected to several concentrated forces, couples,


and distributed loads, plotting V and M versus x can become quite tedious
since several functions must be plotted. In this section a simpler method for
constructing these diagrams is discussed, which is the Graphical method.
RULE 1
The shear force curve is continuous unless there is a point force on the
beam. The curve then "jumps" by the magnitude of the point force (+ for
upward force and – for downward force)
RULE 2
The bending moment curve is continuous unless there is a point moment on
the beam. The curve then "jumps“ by the magnitude of the point moment (+
for CW moment and – for CCW moment)
RULE 3
The maximum and minimum moment is at point of zero shear
RULE 4
At any section, the slope of shear diagram is equal to the value of the
distributed load
RULE 5
At any section, the slope of moment diagram is equal to the value of the
shear
RULE 6
At any section, the shear is equal to the summation of load up-to this section
RULE 7
At any section, the moment is equal to the summation of the shear area up-
to this section
Positive constant slopes
Zero slope

Zero slope Zero slope

Constant slope Positive decreasing slope

Negative increasing slope Positive decreasing slope

Negative decreasing slope Positive decreasing slope


Creating the Shear Diagram:

To create the shear force diagram, we will use the following process.

1. Solve for all external forces acting on the body.

2. Draw out a free body diagram of the body horizontally. Leave all distributed forces
as distributed forces and do not replace them with the equivalent point load.

3. Lined up below the free body diagram, draw a set of axes. The x-axis will represent
the location (lined up with the free body diagram above), and the y-axis will
represent the internal shear force.

4. Starting at zero at the left side of the plot, you will move to the right, pay attention
to forces in the free body diagram above. As you move right in your plot, keep
steady except...

o Jump upwards by the magnitude of the force for any point forces going up.

o Jump downwards by the magnitude of the force for any point forces going
down.

o For any uniform distributed forces you will have a linear slope where the
magnitude of the distributed force is the slope of the line (positive slopes
for upwards distributed forces, negative slopes for downwards distributed
forces).

o For non-uniform distributed forces, the shape of the shear diagram plot will
be the integral of the force function.

o You can ignore any moments or horizontal forces applied to the body.

By the time you get to the right end of the plot, you should always wind up coming back
to zero. If you don't wind up back at zero, go back and check your previous work.
Creating the Moment Diagram:

To create the moment diagram for a shaft, we will use the following process.

1. Solve for all external forces and moments, create a free body diagram, and create
the shear diagram.

2. Lined up below the shear diagram, draw a set of axes. The x-axis will represent the
location (lined up with the shear diagram and free body diagram above), and the
y-axis will represent the internal bending moment.

3. Starting at zero at the left side of the plot, you will move to the right, pay attention
to shear diagram and the moments in the free body diagram above. As you move
right in your plot, the moment diagram will primarily be the integral of the shear
diagram, except...

o Jump upwards by the magnitude of the moment for any


clockwise moments.

o Jump downwards by the magnitude of the moment for any counter-


clockwise moments.

o You can ignore any forces in the free body diagram.

By the time you get to the right end of the plot, you should always wind up coming back
to zero. If you don't wind up back at zero, go back and check your previous work.
Solved problems:

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beams

Beam 1:
Beam 2:
Beam 3:
Beam 4:
Beam 5:
Beam 6:

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