STEP FOUR

STEP TWO
STEP THREE
HARDWARE STEP FIVE
STEP ONE
INTERNET QUIZ
BASIC
NETWORKING
&
COMPUTERS ABBREVIATION
 NETWORKING
N ETWORKING
What is a Computer Network ?

A computer network is a group o two or more computers that are linked together. Networks are usually used to share
resources like (les, documents, movie, music, printers) exchange les or communicate with other users.

Be ore studying Networking we should know what all devices used to connect rom one computer to
another computers

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TYPES OF NETWORK DEVICES :

Network Inter ace

Bridge
Controller

Hub Gateway

Network Devices
Switches Repeater

Modem Access Point

Cables and
Router
Connecters

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1 Network Inter ace Card
A network inter ace card (NIC) is a hardware component, typically a circuit board or chip, which is installed on
a computer(motherboard) so that it can connect to a network(From one computer to another computer through
Lan Cable). The NIC uses the OSI model to send signals at the physical layer, transmit data packets at the
network layer and operate as an inter ace at the TCP/IP layer.

PCI Connection (it will be

attached to motherboard in PCI
Ethernet port ( Lan cable port) Slot)

Wireless Ethernet Card

PCI slot (Peripheral Component

Interconnect)

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2

A hub is a physical layer networking device which is used to connect multiple devices in a network. They are generally
used to connect computers in a LAN. A hub has many ports in it.

Hub is used to broadcast messages.

When user send any le/music/documents rst it is
received rom hub and then it distribute to all
computers connected to computers.
User cannot send any in ormation to specic
computer.

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3 SWITCHE
S
A network switch orwards data packets between devices. Switches send packets directly to
devices,
A switch is better than Hub as it does not broadcast the message to all computers, i.e., it sends the message
to the device or which it belongs to. There ore, we can say that switch sends the message directly to the
computer which user we need to send.

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4 Modem

Modem connects the computer to the internet over the existing telephone line. To connect
internet to computer modem is required.

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5 Router

Router is a device that connects the LAN to the internet. The router is mainly used to connect the distinct
networks or connect the internet to multiple computers.

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6 Bridge

A network bridge is a computer networking device that creates a single, aggregate network rom multiple
communication networks or network segments. ... Routing allows multiple networks to communicate
independently and yet remain separate, whereas bridging connects two separate networks as i they were a
single network.
 NETWORKING
N ETWORKING
7 Gateway

A gateway is a hardware device that acts as a "gate" between two networks. It may be a router, rewall,
server, or other device that enables traffic to ow in and out o the network. ... It allows computers
within the local network to send and receive data over the Internet.

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8 Repeater

A repeater is an electronic device in a communication channel that increases the power o a signal and
retransmits it, allowing it to travel urther. Since it amplies the signal, it requires a source o electric power.

9 Access Point

An access point is a device that creates a wireless local area network, or WLAN, usually in an office or large
building. An access point connects to a wired router, switch, or hub via an Ethernet cable, and pro ects a Wi-Fi
signal to a designated area.
10 Cables and Connecters
Alternatively re erred to as a cord, connector or plug, a cable is one or more wires covered in plastic that
transmit power or data between devices or locations. The picture is an example o what the power cord may
look like or your computer or monitor.

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