Ch 5 – Life Processes [2023-24]

1. A stomata closes when:

(i) it needs carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. (ii) it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
(iii) water flows out of the guard cells. (iv) water flows into the guard cells.
The correct reason(s) in this process is/are:
(a) (i) only (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)
2. Assertion (A): The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than in terrestrial organisms.
Reason (R): The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is very high as compared to the amount of oxygen in
air.
3. State one role of each of the following in human digestive system:
(i) Hydrochloric acid
(ii) Villi
(iii) Anal Sphincter
(iv) Lipase
4. (i) Why is respiratory pigment needed in multicellular organisms with large body size?
(ii) Give reasons for the following :
(a) Rings of cartilage are present in the throat.
(b) Lungs always contain a residual volume of air.
(c) The diaphragm flattens and ribs are lifted up when we breathe in.
(d) Walls of alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.
5. Mention the pathway of urine in our body starting from the organ of its formation to its excretion. What
will happen if the tubular part of the nephron does not work properly?
6. In the context of the statement "chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis" answer the following
questions:
(i) What are variegated leaves? Give an example.
(ii) When leaf is boiled in alcohol, what happens to the colour of the leaf and the colour of the solution?
(iii) In what form is the carbohydrate produced, stored in the plant? Why is chlorophyll necessary for
photosynthesis?
7. (i) Give reason why herbivorous animals have longer, small intestine than carnivorous animals?
(ii) Although 'Pepsin' and 'Trypsin' are both protein digesting enzymes yet they differ from each other.
Justify this statement by giving one difference between them.
8. (i) Which organisms have a three-chambered heart? Why do they have three-chambered hearts ?
(ii) List two functions of lymph
9. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about human heart ?
(a) Right atrium receives oxygenated blood from lungs through pulmonary artery.
(b) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to left ventricle which sends it to various parts of the body. /
(c) Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood through vena cava from upper and lower body.
(d) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to aorta which sends it to different parts of the body.
(A) (a) (B) (a) and (d) (C) (b) and (c) (D) (b) and (d)
10. In human respiratory system, when a person breathes in, the position of ribs and diaphragm will be:
(A) lifted ribs and curve/dome shaped diaphragm.
(B) lifted ribs and flattened diaphragm. (C) relaxed ribs and flattened diaphragm.
(D) relaxed ribs and curve/dome shaped diaphragm.
11. Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves and the food prepared by it reaches other parts of the plants.
Name the process involved and explain it.
12. Give reasons for the following
(i) Alveoli in lungs are richly supplied with blood capillaries.
(ii) Respiratory pigment in the blood takes up oxygen and not carbon dioxide.
(iii) During anaerobic respiration, a 3-carbon molecule is formed as an end product instead of CO2 in human
beings.
13. (i) Name the movements that occur all along the gut in human digestive system. How do they help in
digestion?
(ii) Where is bile juice stored in human body? List two roles of bile/ juice.
14. Two test tubes A and B are taken, each containing one mL of starch solution. Add 1 mL of saliva to test
tube 'A' only and leave both the test tubes undisturbed for a few minutes. Now add a few drops of dilute
iodine solution to both the test tubes.
(a) Which one of the two test tubes shows change in colour? Write the changed colour observed in this test
tube.
(b) What can we conclude from this activity?
15. Name the blood vessel which brings blood to the kidneys. Why is nephron called a basic filtration unit of
kidney? Write the role of tubular part of nephron in urine formation.
16. We water the soil but it reaches the topmost leaves of the plants. Explain in brief the process involved.
17. Human digestive system is a tube running from mouth to anus. Its main function is to breakdown
complex molecules present in the food which cannot be absorbed as such into smaller molecules. These
molecules are absorbed across the walls of the tube and the absorbed food reaches each and every cell of the
body where it is utilised for obtaining energy.
(a) Name the glands present in the buccal cavity and write the components of food on which the secretion of
these glands act upon.
(b) Two organs have a sphincter muscle at their exit. Name them.
(c) What will happen if :
(i) mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands.
(ii) Villi are absent in the small intestine.
OR
(c) "Bile juice does not contain any enzyme, yet it has important roles in digestion." Justify the statement.
18. Write the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. State the pathway which is
common for both. Write the overall chemical equation of aerobic respiration and mention the site where this
process occurs inside the cells.
19. Assertion (A): Producers are capable of using light energy from the sun to make food available in an
ecosystem.
Reason (R): All food chains in an ecosystem start with a producer.
20. In human beings, when the process of digestion is completed, the (i) proteins, (ii) carbohydrates, and (iii)
fats are respectively finally converted into:
(A) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose and (iii) fatty acids
(B) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol
(C) (i) Glucose, (ii) fatty acids and glycerol, (iii) amino acids
(D) (i) Sugars, (ii) amino acids, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol
21. Assertion (A): In the human heart ventricles have thicker muscular walls than atria.
Reason (R): Ventricles have to pump the blood into various organs.
22. Assertion (A) : Oxygen is essential for all aerobic forms of life.
Reason (R) : Free oxygen atoms combine with molecular oxygen to form ozone .
23. We need to water the soil in plants on a regular basis. But it ultimately reaches the leaves of the plant.
Explain how this takes place.
24. Name the type of nutrition exhibited by Amoeba. Explain how food is taken in and digested by this
organism.
25. Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted blood flow to
kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to accumulation of poisonous wastes in the body, which
can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney can be used. An artificial kidney is a
device to remove waste products from the blood through dialysis.
(a) (i) Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
(ii) Name the cluster the thin-wailed blood capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule.
(b) In human excretory system name the organ which stores urine. Is this organ under hormonal control or
nervous control ?
(c) . (i) List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and state in brief their functions . ·
OR
(c) (ii) In which part of the nephron does selective reabsorption take place? List the factors which the
amount of water reabsorbed depends on.
26. Assertion (A): Most of the plants close their stomata at night.
Reason (R): Closing of stomata helps to conserve water as large amount of water evaporates from the leaves.
27. The process in which transport of soluble products of photosynthesis takes place in plants is known as:
(A) Transpiration (B) Evaporation (C) Conduction (D) Translocation
28. (a) Sometimes while running, the athletes suffer from muscle Why? How is the respiration in this case
different from aerobic respiration?
29. Write the other name given to lymph. State its two functions.
30. (a) Design an experiment to demonstrate that carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis. Write the
observation and conclusion of the experiment.
31.

(i) In the experimental set-up shown above in diagram (I) atmospheric air is being passed into lime water
with a syringe while in diagram (II) air is being exhaled into lime water. The time taken for the lime water to
turn milky in both the test tubes is different. Give reason.
(ii) Draw the diagram of an open stomatal pore and label (I) Guard cells, and (II) Chloroplast on it. Mention
two functions performed by stomata.