PERFORMING THE BASIC

OPERATIONS ON INTEGERS
AND SOLVING PROBLEMS
for Mathematics Grade 6
Quarter 2 / Week 8
 FOREWORD

This Self-Learning Kit will serve as a guide in performing

the basic operations on integers and solving routine and
non-routine problems involving basic operations of
integers using appropriate strategies and tools. It will be
your aid as you learn new ideas and enrich your existing
knowledge about mathematical concepts.

In this learning kit, the pupils will also gain knowledge

about the different rules in adding, subtracting, multiplying
and dividing integers.

The following are the special and unique features of

the Self-Learning Kit:

A. WHAT HAPPENED The pupils are ask to answer

activities that will allow them to apply what they have
learned prior to the discussion of the learning
competency/ies.

B. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW This is the part where the

learning competency/ies is/are being discussed.

C. WHAT HAVE I LEARNED It aims to check the pupils

understanding of the learning competency in performing
the basic operations on integers and problem solving.

Math is fun. We hope that this Self-Learning Kit will

help our dear pupils to enhance their mathematical skills
that would soon be applied in their everyday lives.

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OBJECTIVES:
• Identifies the rules in adding, subtracting, multiplying and
dividing integers.
• Identifies the steps in involving routine and non-routine
problems involving basic operations of integers using
appropriate tools and strategies.
• Performs the basic operations on integers.
• Solve routine and non-routine problems involving basic operation
integers using appropriate tools and strategies.
• Appreciates the importance of saving money

I. WHAT HAPPENED

Hi! My name is Allowance per week ₱150.00

Joerge. My Expenses per week
parents give me Transportation ₱60.00
money for school Food ₱75.00
allowance of
₱150.00 for one
week. What do
you think? Will I
save money after
a week? I’ll show
you what I spend
during the school
days.

How much money do you

think I have left?
I still have ₱15.00 left after a
week.

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PRE-ACTIVITIES/PRE-TEST:

Let’s warm up!

Study the following numbers inside the box then, answer the activity
2 and activity 3 below. Do this in your notebook.

1. -3, -8, 0, -5, 9, 6 2. -2, 5, 7, -8, -1,-5 3. -11, -5, 8, 14, 6, -3

4. 15, -9, 12, -17, 6, 19 5. 13, 0, -13, 17,-8, 3

Activity 1. Based on the numbers above. Arrange the integers

from least to greatest. Write your answer on the space
provided.
1. ____, ____, ____, ____, ____
2. ____, ____, ____, ____, ____
3. ____, ____, ____, ____, ____
4. ____, ____, ____, ____, ____

Activity 2.
Naming the integers using the number line. Do this in your notebook.

1. 3 units to the right of 0

2. 7 units to the left of 0
3. 1 unit to the left of +5
4. 3 units to the right of +6

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II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

ADDING INTEGERS

Try to observe the pattern:

a. 2 + 5 =7 d. -2 + 5 = 3
b. -2 + (-5) = -7 e. -2 + 2 = 0
c. 2 + (-5) = -3

Remember!

• When adding integers with like signs, add 5 + 6 = 11

the absolute value and use the common -5 + (-6) = - 11
sign
• When adding integers with unlike signs, 15 + (-9) = 6
subtract the lesser absolute value and use -15 + 9 = - 6
the sign of the integer with the greater
absolute value.
• The sum of an integer and its opposite is 0 -9 + 9 = 0

SUBTRACTING INTEGERS

Try to observe the pattern:

a. 6 – 3 = 6 + (-3) = 3
b. -6 – (-3) = -6 + 3 = -3
c. -3 – 3 = -3 + (-2) = -6

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Remember!

When subtracting integers, the 5 – 6=5 + (-6)= -1

subtraction symbol becomes addition and the
sign of subtrahend is changed. -5 – (-6)=-5 + 6= 1
When the subtrahend is negative, it
-5–6= -5+(-6)= -11
becomes positive and if the sign is positive, it
becomes negative.

MULTIPYING INTEGERS
Try to observe the pattern:
a. 9 x 9 = 81
b. -9 x (-9) = 81
c. 9 x (-9) = -81
d. -9 x 9 = -81

Remember!

1. Positive x Positive = Positive like 5 x 5 = 25

2. Negative x Negative = Positive signs (+) -5 x (-5) = 25

3. Positive x Negative = Negative unlike 5 x (-5) = -25

4. Negative x Positive = Negative signs (-) -5 x 5 = -25

DIVIDING INTEGERS

Try to observe the pattern:

a. 10 ÷ 10 = 1
b. -10 ÷ (-10) = 1
c. 10 ÷ (-10) = -1
d. -10 ÷ 10 = -1

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Remember!

1. Positive ÷ Positive = Positive like 25 ÷ 5 = 5

2. Negative ÷ Negative = Positive signs (+) -25 ÷ (-5) = 5

3. Positive ÷ Negative = Negative unlike 25 x (-5) = -5

4. Negative ÷ Positive = Negative signs (-) -25 x 5 = -5

PROBLEM SOLVING

Read the problem.

After all the consecutive typhoons and the floods that hit the
region. Many companies registered major losses of their business.
A footwear store had a loss of ₱90,000 in the first month after the
unfortunate event and a loss of ₱45,000 in the second month.
How much did the store lose in two months?

• We start by writing the equation of the problem as follows:

→ (loss in the first month)+( loss in the second month) = (Total
loss in two months)
→ (-90,000 ) + (-45,000) = (-135,000)

→ Answer:
The store had a total loss of ₱ 135,000 in two months.
This example shows an addition of negative integers.

In solving problem involving basic operations of integers

using appropriate strategies and tools, we should follow the
basic steps, and be aware of the hidden questions.

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Steps to follow :

THINK
a. What is asked for?
b. What are given?
c. What are the hidden questions?
PLAN
d. What are the processes to be used ?
e. What is the number sentence ?
SOLVE
f. Give the complete answer.
CHECK
g. Is the computation correct ?

DISCUSSION
→ In the above [problem, we will apply the following steps.

THINK:
a. What is asked in the problem ?
→ The amount that was lost in two months.
b. What are given ?
→ ₱90,000 for the first month, ₱45,000 in the second month.

PLAN:
c. What process will you use ?

→ Addition of integers having like signs.

d. What is the number sentence?

(-Php90,000)+ (-Php45,000)= N

SOLVE:

(-₱90,000 ) + ( - ₱45,000 ) = - ₱35,000

To add integers having the same signs add the numbers

and retain The given signs. Since the problem is asking about
the loss of the footwear store, therefore it is negative (-) for two
months the footwear store have lost - ₱35,000.
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 APPLICATION

Directions: Read the problem and answer the questions that

follow. Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.

A. Tomatoes sold at ₱35.00 a kilogram last week. This week it is sold at

₱40.00 per kilogram. What is the increase in price this week?

1) What is asked in the problem?

a. The number of tomatoes.
b. The kilogram of tomatoes.
c. The increase of price this week.
d. The price of tomatoes.

2) What is the number sentence?

a. (-₱35.00) – (-₱40.00)
b. (-₱35.00) x (+₱40.00)
c. (-₱35.00 ) – (+₱40.00)
d. (+₱40.00) + (-₱35.00)

3) What is the answer?

a. +₱75.00
b. +₱5.00
c. –₱5.00
d. –₱75.00
B. Aling Rica gained ₱120.00 in selling fruit last week but
lost ₱ 75.50 this week selling fish. How much gain does she
have now?

1) What is asked in the problem?

a. The amount gain by Aling Rica.
b. The amount of fruit and fish.
c. The amount of fruit.
d. The amount of fish.
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 2) What are given.
a. ₱120.00 last week
b. ₱75.00 this week
c. ₱120.00 and ₱75.00
d. ₱120.00 ₱75.00 and this week

3) What processes will you use?

a. Addition of like signs
b. Addition of unlike signs
c. Subtraction of unlike signs
d. Subtraction of like signs

4) What is the number sentence ?

a. (+₱120.00) – (+P₱75.00)
b. (+₱120.00) + (-₱75.00)
c. (-₱120.00) – (-₱75.00)
d. (-₱120.00) – (-₱75.00)

5) What is the answer?

a. -₱44.50
b. +₱44.50
c. +₱45.00
d. -₱45.00

III. WHAT HAVE I LEARNED

EVALUATION/POST TEST:
Sizzling UP!

Direction: A. Perform the following operations on integers. Do

this in your notebook.
1) 4 + 6 = _______
2) -10 + (-8) = _______

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 3) 17 + (-13) = _______
4) 20 – 5 = _______

B. Solve the following problems using the basic steps. Write the
letter of the correct answer in your notebook

John and Carl participated in a race. John ran distance of 6km.

Carl ran a distance of 5km. What was the difference in the
distance they ran in the race?

1) What is asked?
a. The number of kilometer John and Carl ran.
b. The distance John and Carl ran.
c. The participation of John and Carl in the race.
d. The difference in the distance John and Carl ran
in the race.

2) What are the given facts?

a. John ran a distance of 6 km, Carl ran a distance
of 5 km.
b. John ran a distance of 6 km
c. Carl ran a distance of 5 km
d. Distance of 6 km and 5 km

3) What is/are the operation to be used?

a. Addition of integers with like signs
b. Subtraction of integers with like signs.
c. Addition of integers with unlike signs.
d. Subtraction of integers with unlike signs.

4) What is the number sentence ?

a. (-6) – (+5)
b. ( +6) – (-5)
c. (+6) + (-6)
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 d. (+6) – (+5)

5) What is the answer ?

a. -1 km
b. -11 km
c. +11 km
d. +1 km

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 REFERENCES

Perez, M., & et. al. (2016). 21st Century MATHletes LM Grade 6.
Quezon City: Book Media Press, Inc.

Placer, D., et. al. (2016). 21st Century MATHletes TM Grade 6.

Quezon City: Book Media Press, Inc.

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent
JOEYLYZA M. ARCILLA, EdD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
MARCELO K, PALISPIS, EdD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
NILITA L. RAGAY, EdD
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
CID Chief
ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMDS)
ELISA L. BAGUIO, EdD
Division Education Program Supervisor – MATHEMATICS
MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)
ELMAR L. CABRERA PDO
II (LRMDS)
GRACIANA HANDUMON
MANILEN G. PINO
Writers
SOCRATES T. ACADEMIA
Illustrator
ILONAH JANE E. AVENIDO
Lay-out Artist
________________________________
ALPHA QA TEAM
NESTOR R. PAJANTOY
CRISTY L. AGUILING
ILONAH JANE E. AVENIDO
BETA QA TEAM
MELANIE C. ABRASADO
ELIZABETH A. ALA-AP
JUVILEOMIE A. BAYLOSIS
MARCELITA T. MERCADO
DIOCIRA B. PALAFOX
ALMA A. TORRES
HANNAHLY L. UMALI
ENHANCEMENT TEAM
NOVES S. SANGILAN
KAY THERESE G. CRISMUNDO

DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The contents
of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the setlearning
competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to information and
illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and may not be
reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

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SYNOPSIS ANSWER KEY
This Self Learning Kit was PRETEST
made to Activity 1. Activity 2.
help you understand more in 1. -8, -5, -3, 0, 6, 9 1. + 3 3. +4
2. -8, -5, -2, -1, 5, 7 2. - 7 4. +9
performing the basic
3. -11, -5, -3, 6, 8, 14
operations on integers . 4. -17, -9, 6, 12, 15, 19

This aims to help learner APPLICATION EVALUATION

develop their critical thinking A. A. C.
skills in answering the different 1. c 1. 10 1. d
2. d 2. -18 2. a
activities. 3. b 3. 4 3. b
B. 4. 15 4. d
Hope you learn and enjoy 1. a 5. d
using this Self -Learning Kit. 2. d
3. b
4. b
SYNOPSIS 5. c

This Self-Learning Kit was made to help the pupils understand more
on solving routine and non- routine problems involving basic operations
of integers using appropriate strategies and tools.

This is also designed for the learners that even without the teacher,
they can still manage to learn and study simple steps in problem solving.
Simple activities are prepared with brief explanation.

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AUTHOR, ILLUSTRATOR, LAY-OUT ARTIST

MANILEN G. PINO. The author graduated at Negros

State College of Agriculture (main campus) with a
course of Bachelor of Elementary Education.
Currently, TIC/Teacher II of Mampalasan Elementary
School at the same time the District Math
Coordinator of Mabinay District I.

SOCRATES T. ACADEMIA. The illustrator graduated at

Negros Oriental State University (Mabinay Campus)
with a course Bachelor of Elementary Education.
Currently, he’s a teacher-I applicant in Mabinay
Districts.

GRACIANA HANDUMON. The author is a

Teacher lll teaching in Canlaon District. She is the
designated as the District Mathematics
Coordinator in the said district.

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