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Tangent, Normal, Binormal Vectors March 13

The document discusses tangent, normal, and binormal vectors in the context of calculus, providing formulas and examples for calculating these vectors for curves. It explains the relationship between these vectors, highlighting that the unit normal vector is orthogonal to the unit tangent vector, while the binormal vector is the cross product of the two. The document includes exercises and references for further study.

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Eren Yeager
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31 views18 pages

Tangent, Normal, Binormal Vectors March 13

The document discusses tangent, normal, and binormal vectors in the context of calculus, providing formulas and examples for calculating these vectors for curves. It explains the relationship between these vectors, highlighting that the unit normal vector is orthogonal to the unit tangent vector, while the binormal vector is the cross product of the two. The document includes exercises and references for further study.

Uploaded by

Eren Yeager
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tangent , Normal and

Binormal Vectors
Catherine I. Merca
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
College of Science and Mathematics

Excerpt from:

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcII/TangentNormalVectors.aspx

Lecture 2b Tangent, Normal and Binormal Vectors (Midterms Topic MAT070) - YouTube

1
Tangent Vector

Note:
If

2
3
Example 1
Find the general formula for the tangent vector and unit tangent vector
to the curve given by

Solution

To get the unit tangent vector we need the length of the tangent vector.

= 4𝑡 2 + 4(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡)
4
cont.
The unit tangent vector is then,

5
Example 2
Find the vector equation of the tangent line to the curve given by

Solution
First, we need the tangent vector and since this is the function we were
working with in the previous example we can just reuse the tangent
vector from that example and plug in

6
Example 2
Find the vector equation of the tangent line to the curve given by

cont.
We’ll also need the point on the line at

The vector equation of the line is then,

7
Unit normal vector

The unit normal is orthogonal (or normal, or perpendicular) to the unit


tangent vector and hence to the curve as well.

Binormal vector

Because the binormal vector is defined to be the cross product of the


unit tangent and unit normal vector we then know that the binormal
vector is orthogonal to both the tangent vector and the normal vector.
8
Example 3
Find the normal and binormal vectors for
Solution
We first need the unit tangent vector so first get the tangent vector
and its magnitude.

The unit tangent vector is then,

9
cont.
The unit normal vector will now require the derivative of the unit tangent
and its magnitude.

The unit normal vector is then,

10
Binormal vector

11
Exercises

12
To find the unit tangent vector all we need is the derivative of the vector
function and its magnitude.

The unit tangent vector for this vector function is then,

13
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Reference
Excerpt from
https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcII/TangentNormalVectors.aspx
Lecture Notes in MAT 070
by CIMerca
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
College of Science and Math
MSU-IIT
Calculus with Analytic Geometry 2
Copyleft 2019
Julius V. Benitez, Ph.D.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics,
MSU-IIT
Lecture 2b Tangent, Normal and Binormal Vectors (Midterms Topic MAT070) -
YouTube 24

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