Q1.

Consider the following statements:

1. The e-Shram Portal was launched in 2021 by the Ministry of Labour & Employment
after orders from the National Human Rights Commission.

2. The e-Shram Portal provides registered workers with accident insurance of Rs 2 lakh
for death or permanent disability.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 Only
B. 2 Only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q2.Consider the following statements regarding the Great Indian Bustard (GIB):

1. The GIB is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

2. Its population is confined mostly to Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 Only
B. 2 Only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q3. The Bandyopadhyay Committee, SAMADHAN Doctrine, and Operation Green Hunt, often
seen in the news, are collectively associated with which of the following?

A. Enhancing Cybersecurity Measures

B. Tackling Left-Wing Extremism
C. Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief
D. Combating Cross-Border Terrorism

Q4.Consider the following statements related to the Global Hunger Index:

1. It is published annually by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United

Nations.

2. Its score is based on four components: Undernourishment, Child Stunting, Child

Wasting, and Child Mortality.
 3. A lower GHI score indicates a higher level of hunger.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. Only 1

B. 2 and 3

C. All three

D. None of the above

Q5. Consider the following statements:

1. Minimum Support Price (MSP) is based on the recommendations of the Cabinet

Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).

2. MSP is recommended for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative price (FRP) for
sugarcane.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 Only
B. 2 Only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q6. Which of the following statements are true regarding the Global Hunger Index (GHI)
2024?

1. India has been ranked 105th out of 127 countries, placing it in the “serious” category
for hunger levels.

2. The GHI score for the world in 2024 is considered severe, indicating a significant
increase in hunger since 2016.

3. India’s performance is comparatively better than its South Asian neighbours like
Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka.

Select the correct option:

A. Only 1
 B. 1 and 2
C. 1 and 3
D. All 1, 2, and 3

Q7. Which of the following organizations is responsible for implementing the

Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)?

A. Ministry of Finance
B. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
C. Indian Red Cross Society
D. NITI Aayog

Q8. Which of the following statements about the e-Migrate Portal v2.0 is/are correct?

1. The portal was launched in October 2024 by the Ministry of External Affairs.

2. It does not provide a mobile app for accessing services related to overseas
employment.

3. The portal includes a 24×7 multilingual helpline to support migrant workers.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q9. Regarding the challenges and opportunities for India to achieve Viksit@2047, consider
the following statements:

1. India must prioritize primary education to improve future labour productivity and
ensure high-quality schooling for all.

2. Investing in agricultural warehousing and logistics can help reduce food inflation and
improve the management of agricultural produce.

3. Energy transition, such as the shift to renewable energy and electric vehicles, is
expected to increase India's net import bill over the next decade.

How many of the statements given above are/are not correct?

A. Only one
 B. Only two

C. All three

D. None

Q10.Consider the following statements about SpaceX’s recent Starship test:

1. The Super Heavy booster was successfully captured using mechanical arms called
"chopsticks," minimizing damage and allowing for quick reusability.

2. The second stage of the Starship, after detaching from the booster, is designed to
return to the launch pad and be reused like the first-stage booster.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 Only

B. 2 Only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q11. With reference to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF),

consider the following statements:

1. It ensures that by 2030 at least 30% of areas of degraded terrestrial, inland water,
and marine and coastal ecosystems are under effective restoration.

2. Its target refers to collective global efforts rather than requiring each country to
allocate specific portions of its land and water areas.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q12. Regarding the Nobel Prize, consider the following statements:

1. The 2024 Nobel Prize for Peace has been awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a Japanese
organisation of survivors of the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings.
 2. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded for modern artificial neural
networks (ANNs) and machine learning (ML).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 Only

B. 2 Only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q13.Living Planet Report 2024 is released by which of the following?

A. World Bank
B. World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
C. Wildlife Conservation Society
D. Conservation International

Q14. Consider the following statements about the Nobel Prize in Literature awarded in 2024.

1. South Korean author Han Kang received the prize for her exploration of historical
traumas and the fragility of life through her intense poetic prose.

2. Han Kang is the first South Korean writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

3. The Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded by the Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q15. Consider the following statements regarding ethanol production in India:

1. The government of India has set a target of achieving 20% ethanol blending (E20) by
the year 2025-26.

2. Corn, sugarcane, and rice are the only raw materials permitted for ethanol production
under the National Policy on Biofuels, 2018.
 3. Second-generation (2G) bioethanol uses agricultural waste as a feedstock and can
help alleviate the pressure on food crops.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 2 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Q16.Consider the following statements regarding the PM-WANI (Prime Minister’s Wi-Fi
Access Network Interface) initiative:

1. PM-WANI aims to provide public Wi-Fi access in both urban and rural areas to bridge
the digital divide.

2. PDOs (Public Data Offices) under PM-WANI are required to enter commercial
agreements with telecom service providers (TSPs) to offer public Wi-Fi.

3. Recent amendments to the PM-WANI framework allow PDOs to utilise surplus

bandwidth from existing home or office Wi-Fi access points to establish public
hotspots.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Q17. e-ABkari portal is for

A. Monitor the curriculum progress in government schools.

B. Facilitate the settlement of income tax.
C. Regulate and automate the alcohol business.
D. Control the spread of narcotics in the country.

Q18. Which of the following statements are correct in respect of ‘The PM Internship
Scheme’:

1. PM Internship Scheme aims to provide internship opportunities to 1 crore youth in the

top 500 companies over the next five years.
 2. The PM internship portal will allow youth in the age group of 21 to 24 years to apply.

3. Post-graduates are part of a positive list for the scheme, which also makes graduates
from IITs, IIMs, National Law Universities, IISER, NIDs and IIITs eligible to apply.

Select the answer using the code given below:

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Q19. Consider the following statements about "Oxygen Bird Park" recently inaugurated in
Nagpur, Maharashtra:

1. It is an eco-initiative developed by the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate

Change.

2. The park is designed to mimic natural ecosystems and conserve both local and
migratory bird species.

3. It aims to preserve rare and endangered tree species native to Central India,
including the Indian Bael and Yellow Flame of the Forest.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Q20. Consider the following statements about the SASTRA Ramanujan Prize:

1. The prize is awarded by the Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research
Academy (SASTRA) University.

2. It is awarded annually to mathematicians aged 40 or below for exceptional

contributions to mathematics.

3. The prize is named in honour of mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan and includes a

cash award of USD 10,000.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only
 B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Q1.Answer-B

Explanation

▪ The e-Shram Portal was launched in 2021 by the Ministry of Labour & Employment after the Supreme
Court directed the Government to complete the registration process of unorganized workers so that they
can avail the welfare benefits given under various government schemes. Hence, statement 1 is not
correct.

▪ The Workers registered on the portal get an e-Shram card with a unique 12-digit number, providing
accident insurance of Rs 2 lakh for death or permanent disability and Rs 1 lakh for partial
disability. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Q2.Answer-C

Explanation

▪ Great Indian Bustard (GIB) is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Hence, statement 1
is correct.

o The Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), the State bird of Rajasthan, is considered India’s
most critically endangered bird.

o It is considered the flagship grassland species, representing the health of the grassland ecology.

▪ Its population is confined mostly to Rajasthan and Gujarat. Small populations occur in Maharashtra,
Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Q3. Answer-B

Explanation

▪ The Bandyopadhyay Committee, SAMADHAN Doctrine, and Operation Green Hunt are all related
to Tackling Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in India.

▪ Bandyopadhyay Committee (2006) highlighted the lack of governance and socio-political

discrimination against tribal populations, which are often exploited by Naxalite groups.

o The committee recommended reforms, including tribal-friendly land acquisition and rehabilitation.
▪ SAMADHAN Doctrine is the Indian government’s comprehensive strategy to combat LWE. It

▪ emphasizes Smart Leadership, Aggressive Strategy, Actionable Intelligence, and the use of
technology to dismantle extremist networks, along with measures to cut off financing.

▪ Operation Green Hunt is a coordinated offensive by the Indian security forces against Naxalite
insurgents, particularly in the Red Corridor.

Hence, option B is correct.

Q4.Answer-A

Explanation

▪ The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a peer-reviewed report, published on an annual basis by Concern
Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.

▪ The GHI is a tool designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at global, regional, and
national levels, reflecting multiple dimensions of hunger over time.

▪ Four Component Indicators:

o Undernourishment: The share of the population whose caloric intake is insufficient; It refers to
Insufficient calorie intake to sustain a healthy life, as defined by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations.

o Child Stunting: The share of children under the age of five who have low height for their age,
reflecting chronic undernutrition;

o Child Wasting: The share of children under the age of five who have low weight for their
height, reflecting acute undernutrition; and

o Child Mortality: The share of children who die before their fifth birthday, reflecting in part the
fatal mix of inadequate nutrition

o and unhealthy environments. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

▪ A lower GHI score indicates a lower level of hunger. The GHI score is calculated on a 100-point
scale, where 0 is the best score (implying no hunger) and 100 is the worst (indicating extreme
hunger). Therefore, a lower score represents better food security and a lower level of hunger. Hence,
statement 3 is not correct

Q5.Answer-B
Explanation :

▪ Minimum Support Price (MSP) is based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural
Costs and Prices (CACP), which considers various factors such as cost of production, demand and
supply, market price trends, inter-crop price parity, etc. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.

o The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by the Prime Minister of India takes
the final decision (approval) on the level of MSPs.

▪ The CACP recommends MSPs for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative price (FRP) for
sugarcane. Hence, statement 2 is correct

o The mandated crops include 14 crops of the kharif season, 6 rabi crops and 2 other commercial
crops.

Q6. Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 2 is incorrect because the GHI score of 18.3 is considered moderate, not severe. Statement 3 is also
incorrect as India’s performance is worse than its South Asian neighbours like Bangladesh and Nepal.

● GHI is a tool for comprehensively measuring and tracking hunger at global, regional, and national levels.

● The index is published by Concern Worldwide, an Irish humanitarian organisation, and Welthungerhilfe,
a German aid agency.

● The 2024 Global Hunger Index score for the world is 18.3, considered moderate, down only slightly from
the 2016 score of 18.8.

● Little progress has been made in reducing hunger since 2016, and the prospects for achieving Zero
Hunger by the target date of 2030 are grim, with 42 countries still experiencing alarming or serious
hunger.

● The wars in Gaza and Sudan have led to exceptional food crises.

● Somalia, Yemen, Chad, and Madagascar are the countries with the highest 2024 GHI scores; Burundi and
South Sudan are also provisionally designated as alarming.

● Progress has been notable for example in Bangladesh, Mozambique, Nepal, Somalia, and Togo, although
challenges remain.

● India’s performance remains concerning, in comparison to the South Asian neighbours such as
Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka, which fall into the “moderate” category.
● India is listed alongside countries like Pakistan and Afghanistan, which also face severe hunger
challenges.

● The report reveals alarming statistics: 13.7 per cent of India’s population is undernourished, 35.5 per
cent of children under five are stunted, 18.7 per cent suffer from wasting, and 2.9 per cent of children die
before their fifth birthday

Q7. Answer: B

Explanation:

Option b is correct:

● It aims to provide accessible and affordable healthcare to vulnerable populations in India

● This flagship health initiative provides health insurance coverage of up to ₹5 lacks per family per
year for secondary and tertiary hospitalization expenses

● The scheme is implemented through a network of empanelled hospitals, enabling beneficiaries to

receive cashless treatment.

● The implementation of AB-PMJAY involves multiple stakeholders, including the Ministry of Health
and Family Welfare, the National Health Authority (NHA), and state governments.

Q08.Answer: A

Explanation: External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar launched the revamped eMigrate v2.0 web portal
and mobile app, aimed at promoting safe and legal migration for Indian workers.

E-Migrate Portal v2.0:

Launch date: October 2024.

Objective: Promote safe, transparent, and inclusive migration for Indian workers abroad.

Ministry: Ministry of External Affairs

Key features:

Provides a platform for safe and legal migration channels

24×7 Multilingual helpline: Offers support for migrant workers in multiple languages, with real-time
solutions for urgent issues.
Integration with Digilocker

Enables paperless submission of documents like passports and employment contracts.

Q9.Answer-B

Explanation

India to Achieve Viksit@2047:

▪ Prioritizing primary education is crucial for improving labour productivity and ensuring India's future
workforce is skilled. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.

▪ Investment in agricultural warehousing and logistics will reduce food inflation, empower farmers, and
improve food supply management. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.

▪ The energy transition and shift to renewable energy and electric vehicles are expected to reduce India's
net import bill, not increase it,

over the next decade. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.

Q10.Answer-A

Explanation

SpaceX’s recent Starship Test:

▪ SpaceX successfully captured the Super Heavy booster using mechanical arms ("chopsticks"), which
minimized damage and allowed for quicker reuse. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.

▪ The second stage of the Starship is not designed for capture and reuse like the first-stage booster. In
the recent test, it fell into the Indian Ocean. Hence, Statement 2 is not correct.

Q11.Answer-C

Explanation

Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) :

▪ About: It is a multilateral treaty aimed at halting and reversing biodiversity loss globally by 2030.

o It was adopted in December 2022 during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP).

o It supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and builds upon the achievements and lessons
learned from the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020.
▪ Purpose and Goals: It ensures that by 2030 at least 30% of areas of degraded terrestrial, inland water,
and marine and coastal ecosystems are under effective restoration. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

o It has 23 action-oriented global targets for urgent action over the decade to 2030 which will enable
achievement towards the outcome-oriented goals for 2050.

o It is important to note that this target refers to collective global efforts rather than a requirement
for each country to allocate 30% of its land and water areas. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Q12.Answer-C

Explanation

Nobel Peace Prize:

▪ The 2024 Nobel Prize for Peace has been awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a Japanese organisation of
survivors of the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings for its “efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear
weapons”. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

▪ The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton, for
modern artificial neural networks (ANNs) and machine learning (ML). Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Q13.Answer-B

Explanation

Living Planet Report 2024:

▪ The Living Planet Report 2024 is a biennial assessment by the conservation organisation the World
Wildlife Fund (WWF), which revealed that the average size of monitored wildlife populations has
decreased by 73% since 1970.

▪ Hence, option B is correct.

Q14.Answer-A

Explanation:

▪ Han Kang was awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Literature for her "intense poetic prose," which
delves into themes of historical trauma and the fragility of life. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

▪ Han Kang is indeed the first South Korean writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking a
significant achievement for South Korea's literary community. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
 ▪ The Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm, Sweden, not by the
Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway, which is responsible for the Nobel Peace Prize. Hence, statement 3
is not correct.

Q15.Answer-A

Explanation

Ethanol Production in India:

▪ The government of India has set a target of achieving 20% ethanol blending (E20) by the year 2025-
26. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

▪ The National Policy on Biofuels, 2018, and its amendment in 2022 permit various raw materials for
ethanol production, including molasses, biomass, and starch-containing materials like corn, but not
limited to just corn, sugarcane, and rice. Hence, Statement 2 is not correct.

▪ Second-generation (2G) bioethanol uses agricultural waste, such as stubble and bamboo, as a feedstock to
alleviate the pressure on food crops. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.

Q16.Answer-B

Explanation

PM-WANI (Prime Minister’s Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) Initiative:

▪ PM-WANI aims to provide public Wi-Fi access in both urban and rural areas to bridge the digital
divide. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

▪ Recent amendments to PM-WANI have removed the requirement for PDOs (Public Data Offices) to
enter commercial agreements with telecom service providers (TSPs). Hence, statement 2 is not
correct.

▪ Recent amendments to the PM-WANI framework allow PDOs to utilise surplus bandwidth from
existing home or office Wi-Fi access points to establish public hotspots. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Q17. Answer : C

Explanation:

● The excise department of the Delhi government began piloting the e-ABkari portal to regulate and
automate the alcohol business in the national capital.

Q18.Answer: A
Explanation: The Union government on Thursday opened up a portal for India’s top 500 companies to
participate in the one-year internship scheme.

Statements 1 and 2 are correct:

● The PM Internship Scheme aims to provide internship opportunities to 1 crore youth in the top 500
companies over the next five years.

● The PM internship portal will allow youth in the age group of 21 to 24 years to apply.

● Apart from the monthly financial assistance of ₹5,000 for one year, there will be a one-time grant
of ₹6,000 for the interns, the sources said.

● Of the total amount of the monthly financial assistance, ₹4,500 will be disbursed by the government and
₹500 will be paid by the company from its CSR funds.

Statement 3 is incorrect:

● Post-graduates are part of a negative list for the scheme, which also makes graduates from IITs, IIMs,
National Law Universities, IISER, and NIDs and are ineligible to apply.

Q19. Answer-B

Explanation

▪ The Oxygen Bird Park was developed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), not
the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change. It is part of an eco-initiative along National
Highway-44 in Nagpur. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.

▪ The park is designed to mimic natural ecosystems, promoting the conservation of both local and
migratory bird species. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

▪ The park also focuses on preserving rare and endangered tree species native to Central India, such as the
Indian Bael (classified as Vulnerable), Gum Karaya, and the Yellow Flame of the Forest (classified as
Endangered). Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Q20.Answer-B

Explanation

▪ The SASTRA Ramanujan Prize is awarded by the Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research
Academy (SASTRA) University, Tamil Nadu. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

▪ The prize is awarded to mathematicians aged 32 or below, not 40 or below. Hence, statement 2 is not
correct.
▪ The prize is named after Srinivasa Ramanujan and includes a cash award of USD 10,000, recognizing
outstanding contributions in areas influenced by Ramanujan's work. Hence, statement 3 is correct.