Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 10

Grade Level/Sections: Grade 10-Silver Time Allotment: 45 mins. Date: February 17, 2025
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Illustrate the probability of simple events.
2. Solve the probability of simple events.
3. Show teamwork and cooperation through active participation in group activities.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Probability (Simple Probability)
References: Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 10, p.329
Google for the photos
Materials: Chalk, Chalk Board, Laptop, PowerPoint Presentation (PPT)
III. Procedures
A. Preliminary Activities
1) Prayer
2) Greetings
3) Classroom Management
4) Checking of Attendance
B. Motivation/Review
Mind Mix-Up!
Direction: Rearrange the letters to form the correct word that matches the pictures above.

S E M O C T U O E V N T E S

P E R I M T E X E N
S L E P A M
C A S P E
C. Lesson Proper
a. Activity
Stand Up for Probability
Instructions: Ask students to stand up. Tell them they will sit down if their chosen
event does not occur.
• Give probability-based prompts:
a) If you think I will flip heads on a coin, stay standing and raise your right
hand. If you think it’s not a head, stay standing and put your hands at
your back. (Then flip a coin.) Those who guessed wrong sit down.
b) If you think I will roll a 4 on a six-sided die, stay standing and raise your
right hand. If you think it’s not a 4, stay standing and put your hands at
your back. (Roll the die) Those who guessed wrong sit down.
c) If you think I will roll an odd number on a six-sided die, stay standing
and raise your right hand. If you think it’s not an odd number, stay
standing and put your hands at your back. (Roll the die) Those who
guessed wrong sit down.
d) If you think I will pull a red card from a shuffled deck, stay standing and
raise your right hand. If you think it’s not a red card, stay standing and
put your hands at your back. (Draw a card and check.)

b. Analysis
1) How did you feel while you did the activity?
2) How did the probability of each event affect your chances of staying in the
game?
3) Did anyone notice which events were more likely to happen and which were
less likely?

c. Abstraction
Probability of Simple Events
Key Terms:
▪ Probability – is a branch of mathematics that deals with calculating the
likelihood of a given event’s occurrence, which is expressed as a number
between 1 and 0.
▪ Experiments – is an activity with an identifiable result.
Examples: Rolling a six-sided die; tossing a coin
▪ Outcomes – it is a specific result of an experiment.
Example: In rolling a six-sided die, the possible outcomes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6.
▪ Sample space – it is the set of all possible outcomes from a random
experiment.
Examples: In rolling a six-sided die, S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
In tossing a coin, S = {H, T}.
▪ Event – is any subset of sample space.
Examples: Getting a 2 when rolling a six-sided die.
Getting a diamond card from a deck of 52 cards.
▪ Simple Event – are the events where one experiment happens at a time and
it will be having a single outcome.
Example: Consider rolling a die.
a. Getting a number 5
b. Getting a 6

Probability of Simple Events: If each of the outcomes in a sample space is

equally likely to occur, then the probability of an event E, denoted as P(E) is
given by
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟
P(E) =
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
or
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡
P(E) = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑒
Example 1: If you flip a fair coin, what is the probability of landing on heads?
Solution:
There are two possible outcomes: Heads or Tails.
 The number of favorable outcomes (landing on Heads) = 1.
1
P(H) = 2 𝑜𝑟 0.5 or 50%
Example 2: A jar contains 5 maxx candies, 8 mentos, and 7 fres candies. If a
candy is picked at random from the jar , what is the probability that a candy
picked is a:
• Maxx candies
5 1
Solution: P(MC) = 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟 0.25 𝑜𝑟 25%
20 4
• Mentos
8 2
Solution: P(M) = 20 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟 0.4 𝑜𝑟 40%
5
• Fres Mint Candies
7
Solution: P(FMC) = 20 𝑜𝑟 0.35 𝑜𝑟 35%

d. Application
• The class will be divided into 3 groups.
• Each group will be given a task:
- Group 1: Flip a coin 20 times and record how many times it lands on
heads or tails.
- Group 2: Roll a six-sided die 20 times and record how often each number
appears.
- Group 3: Shuffle a deck of 52 cards and draw one card at a time,
repeating this 20 times. Record how many times you draw a red card
(hearts or diamonds).
Answer the following question:
1) Based on your group's results, what patterns or trends did you observe
in the recorded outcomes? Did they align with what you expected?
2) How does the concept of probability apply to your experiment, and how
would the results change if you increased the number of trials?
3) If you repeated your experiment multiple times, do you think the results
would always be the same? Why or why not?
IV. Evaluation
Direction: Consider the situation below. Use your knowledge on probability in
answering the questions that follow.
1. A die is rolled once. Find the probability of obtaining:
a) a 3.
b) an even number.
c) a number greater than 2.
2. A box contains 3 red balls, 5 yellow balls, and 2 blue balls. If a ball is picked
at random from the box, what is the probability that a ball picked is a
a) yellow ball?
b) red ball?
c) blue ball?
3. If a letter is chosen at the random from the word PERSEVERANCE, what is
the probability that the letter chosen is E? (3 points)

V. Assignment
In your notebook, write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) on how probability can be
applied in real life. Give at least two examples.