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52-STP Terminologies

The document outlines the concepts of Switch Priority, Root Bridge, Non-Root Bridge, Port Priority, and Path Cost in the context of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). It explains how the Root Bridge is elected based on the lowest Bridge Priority value and MAC address, while Non-Root Bridges update their STP databases from the Root Bridge. Additionally, it details the Port Priority and Path Cost values that influence the selection of the best path in the network topology.

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7 views2 pages

52-STP Terminologies

The document outlines the concepts of Switch Priority, Root Bridge, Non-Root Bridge, Port Priority, and Path Cost in the context of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). It explains how the Root Bridge is elected based on the lowest Bridge Priority value and MAC address, while Non-Root Bridges update their STP databases from the Root Bridge. Additionally, it details the Port Priority and Path Cost values that influence the selection of the best path in the network topology.

Uploaded by

ep230842
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Switch Priority:

o By default, all Cisco Switches has a Bridge Priority or Switch Priority value of 32,768.
o Bridge Priority value decides which Switch can become Root Bridge (Root Switch).
o Switch with lowest Bridge Priority (Switch Priority) Value will become the Root Switch.

Root Bridge:
o Root Bridge is the starting point of the Spanning Tree Protocol STP network topology.
o STP uses two parameters, bridge priority and MAC addresses of participating switches.
o A Cisco Switch that has the lowest bridge priority value, is elected as the root bridge.
o If bridge priority is same in all switches, switch which has lowest MAC address is elected.
o By default, the bridge priority or switch priority value is set to 32768 in all Cisco Switches.
o Unless change this value, Switch that has lowest MAC address is elected as Root Bridge.
o If want specific switch to be elected as Root Bridge, can set bridge priority value less than.
o Selection process of the Root Bridge happens each time when a network change occurs.
o Like new switch is added in network topology, or existing switch is removed, or Root failed.

Non-Root Bridge:
o Except Root Bridge, all remaining switches of network are considered as Non-Root Bridges.
o Non-Root Bridges receive updates from Root Bridge & update their STP databases relatively.

Port Priority:
o Each port of a Switch has a Port Priority value associated with it, 128 by default.
o Gi0/1 128.25 P2P: Gi0/1 is the interface 128 is default value and 25 is port number.
o P2P means Point-to-point (Full Duplex) and Shr means Shared (Half Duplex) like hub.

1 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717


Path Cost:
o Based on connected media link, STP assigns a value to each port of the network.
o This assign value to connected media link or port is known as the port cost value.
o STP uses this value to choose the single best path available between two switches.
o The Root Port is calculated by using the lowest accumulated Path Cost Value.
o The Root Port is lowest accumulated path cost value to reach the Root Switch.
o The Spanning Tree cost value is inversely proportional to the associated bandwidth.
o Therefore, a path with low-cost value is more preferable than path with high cost value.
Bandwidth Short Old Cost Long New Cost
10 Mbps 100 2,000,000
100 Mbps 19 200,000
1 Gbps 4 20,000
10 Gbps 2 2,000
20 Gbps 1 1,000
100 Gbps 1 200
1 Tbps 1 20
10 Tbps 1 2

STP RSTP
Disabled (Shutdown by Admin) Discarding (Blocking data frame)
Blocking (Blocked redundant link)
Listing (Listing the data frame) Learning (Building CAM table)
Learning (Creating CAM table)
Forwarding (Converged, Data flow allowed) Forwarding (Converged, Data flow allowed)

2 | P a g e Created by Ahmad Ali E-Mail: ahmadalimsc@gmail.com , Mobile: 056 430 3717

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