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Network Topolog1

Network topology refers to the arrangement of devices and connections in a computer network, which can be physical or logical. Various types of topologies include mesh, star, ring, and bus, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages regarding communication speed, reliability, installation cost, and maintenance. Additionally, tree and hybrid topologies combine elements of different types to create more complex network structures.

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21 views6 pages

Network Topolog1

Network topology refers to the arrangement of devices and connections in a computer network, which can be physical or logical. Various types of topologies include mesh, star, ring, and bus, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages regarding communication speed, reliability, installation cost, and maintenance. Additionally, tree and hybrid topologies combine elements of different types to create more complex network structures.

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st.tarunsoni
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Network topology

 Network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of devices and


connections in a computer network.

Physical topology in a computer network is the physical layout of devices and cables.
Physical topology describes how devices are connected.
Logical topology defines how devices communicate on a network.

Physical topology
1. Mesh Topology:
 Mesh topology is a network design where each device is connected to multiple
other devices.
Advantages of Mesh Topology
 Communication is very fast between the nodes.
 Mesh Topology is robust.
 The fault is diagnosed easily.
 Data is reliable because data is transferred among the devices through
dedicated channels or links.
 Provides security and privacy.
Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
 Installation and configuration are difficult.
 The cost of cables is high as bulk wiring is required, hence suitable for less
number of devices.
 The cost of maintenance is high.
2. star topology
 Star topology is a network design where all devices connect to a central hub or
switch.
 This topology is often used in Local Area Networks (LANs).

 A central hub or switch connects all devices and connection points


 Messages are sent to the central hub, which then forwards them to the
intended destination

Advantages
 It's easier to troubleshoot and maintain a star topology network
 It's efficient because messages are only sent to the intended node
 It's reliable because a failure of one node doesn't affect other nodes
Disadvantages
 Whole network fails if switch fails: If the switch fails, no node can communicate
 Expensive: A wired star topology can be expensive in large networks because it
requires a lot of cable
3. Ring topology:

Ring topology is a network design where devices are connected in a ring, forming a
closed loop. In this setup, each device is connected to exactly two other devices.

 Data travels in one direction from node to node.



 The most common access method of ring topology is token passing.
 In token passing, a token is passed from one node to another node.
IT is Developed by IBM
Advantages of Ring topology :
 Minimum collision.
 It is cheap to install and expand.
Disadvantages of Ring topology :
 Due to the Uni-directional Ring, a data packet (token) must have to pass through
all the nodes.
 If one workstation shuts down, it affects whole network or if a node goes down
entire
 network goes down.
 Total dependence in on one cable.
4. Bus topology

 Bus topology is a network topology where all devices are connected to a single
cable, called a bus. This cable allows all devices to communicate with each other
simultaneously.

 All devices on the bus are called stations.


 All stations receive all network traffic.
 All stations have equal transmission priority.
 The bus acts as a shared communication medium.

Advantages :
1. Simple and reliable,
2. Easy to install,
3. and Network scalability.
Disadvantages :
a. Limited length and
b. Collision domain.

Other topology
 Tree topology is a combination of more than one star topology.

 A hybrid topology in a computer network is a combination of two or more


different network topologies.
Examples of hybrid topologies
1. Star/Bus topology: Combines a star topology and a bus topology
2. Star/Ring topology: Combines a star topology and a ring topology

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