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Soln 2022

The document is a solution paper on Information and Communication Engineering, covering topics such as the knowledge economy, ICT architecture, computer systems classification, software development processes, decision-making phases, computer networking, and information systems. It discusses the impacts of ICT, strategies for acquiring resources, and differentiates between various software types and networking concepts. Additionally, it includes diagrams and examples to illustrate key points.

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robiullahsun687
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8 views6 pages

Soln 2022

The document is a solution paper on Information and Communication Engineering, covering topics such as the knowledge economy, ICT architecture, computer systems classification, software development processes, decision-making phases, computer networking, and information systems. It discusses the impacts of ICT, strategies for acquiring resources, and differentiates between various software types and networking concepts. Additionally, it includes diagrams and examples to illustrate key points.

Uploaded by

robiullahsun687
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solution Paper: Introduction to Information and Communication Engineering

(ICE1111)

Collected And Organized By: Evan


Section A

1. (a) What do you mean by knowledge economy? Write down the impacts of ICT on it.

Knowledge economy refers to an economy where the production and services are based
primarily on knowledge-intensive activities. ICT impacts the knowledge economy by:

• Enhancing digital communication


• Facilitating global knowledge sharing
• Promoting innovation and automation
• Enabling e-learning and online education

(b) What is ICT Architecture? What are the things we should focus on for documenting
ICT Architecture?

ICT architecture is the framework that defines the structure, components, and
technologies used in an organization's ICT system. Important aspects to document
include:

• Hardware and software components


• Network topology
• Security measures
• Data storage and management
• Integration with other systems

(c) What is ICT infrastructure? Discuss it with a diagram.

ICT infrastructure includes all physical and virtual resources that support IT services. This
includes servers, data centers, networking hardware, and software. (Diagram required)

(d) Briefly discuss strategies for acquiring ICT resources.

• In-house development: Building ICT solutions internally.


• Outsourcing: Hiring third-party services for ICT solutions.
• Leasing: Renting ICT hardware and software for cost-effectiveness.
• Cloud Computing: Utilizing online services for storage and computing power.
2. (a) Classify computer systems based on their size and capabilities. Provide
examples.

• Supercomputers (e.g., IBM Summit)


• Mainframe Computers (e.g., IBM Z series)
• Minicomputers (e.g., PDP-11)
• Microcomputers (e.g., Personal computers, Laptops)

(b) What are the primary components of a CPU and their functions?

• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations and logical operations.


• Control Unit: Directs system operations.
• Registers: Temporary data storage.

(c) What are the main factors to consider when selecting secondary storage media for
your company?

• Storage capacity
• Data transfer speed
• Cost-effectiveness
• Security and reliability

(d) Give two examples of human data-input devices and source-data automation
devices.

• Human Data-Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse


• Source-Data Automation Devices: Barcode scanner, RFID reader

3. (a) Differences between system software and application software.

• System software: Manages hardware (e.g., Windows OS, Linux)


• Application software: Performs specific tasks (e.g., MS Word, Photoshop)

(b) Which is better: Windows or Linux? Why?

• Windows: User-friendly, supports many applications.


• Linux: Open-source, more secure.
• Better choice depends on the user’s needs.

(c) What is a spreadsheet and what does it do?

A spreadsheet is a software tool used for organizing, analyzing, and storing data in tabular
form (e.g., MS Excel).

(d) Discuss the software development process with a block diagram.

(Diagram required) The software development process involves:

1. Requirement Analysis
2. Design
3. Implementation
4. Testing
5. Deployment
6. Maintenance

4. (a) Discuss the major phases to be considered for decision-making.

1. Identifying the problem


2. Gathering information
3. Evaluating alternatives
4. Making a choice
5. Implementing the decision
6. Reviewing outcomes

(b) Explain a decision support system (DSS).

A DSS is a computerized system that aids in decision-making using data analysis, models,
and expert knowledge.

(c) Discuss the benefits of Management Information System (MIS).

• Improves data accuracy


• Enhances decision-making
• Supports planning and strategy
• Increases efficiency
Section B

5. (a) What do you mean by computer networking? Classify it based on coverage area.

Networking connects computers to share resources. Types:

• LAN (Local Area Network)


• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• WAN (Wide Area Network)

(b) What do you mean by network topology? Mention the merits and demerits of mesh
topology.

Network topology refers to the layout of network devices.

• Merits of Mesh: High reliability, robust communication.


• Demerits of Mesh: Expensive, complex setup.

(c) What are the main components of a Client-Server Network? What does a server
do?

• Components: Clients, Server, Network devices.


• Server: Manages resources, processes requests, and ensures security.

6. (a) What is communication? Discuss the functions of a transmitter.

Communication is the exchange of information.

• Transmitter Functions: Signal generation, amplification, transmission.

(b) What is frequency reuse? What do you mean by a cell and cluster in cellular
systems?

• Frequency reuse: Using the same frequency in different cells to optimize


bandwidth.
• Cell: A geographical area covered by a network tower.
• Cluster: A group of cells using unique frequencies.

(c) Compare Bluetooth with Wi-Fi.


Feature Bluetooth Wi-Fi
Range Short (10m) Long (100m)
Speed Low High
Usage Personal Internet
devices connectivity

7. (a) What is an Information System? Discuss Transaction Processing Systems.

An information system collects, processes, and stores data. Transaction Processing


Systems (TPS) handle business transactions in real-time.

(b) What do you mean by HTML, HTTP, and FTP?

• HTML: Webpage structuring language.


• HTTP: Protocol for web communication.
• FTP: File transfer protocol.

(c) Differentiate between a browser and a search engine.

• Browser: Software to access websites (e.g., Chrome).


• Search Engine: Tool to find information (e.g., Google).

8. (a) What is a computer program and a programming language?

• Computer program: A set of instructions executed by a computer.


• Programming language: A language used to write programs (e.g., Python, C++).

(b) Discuss different types of programming languages.

• Low-level: Assembly, Machine language.


• High-level: Python, Java, C++.

(c) What is a flowchart? Why is it necessary? Draw a flowchart to check if a number is


odd or even.

A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process.


This completes the solution paper. Let me know if you need any modifications or additional
details!

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