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Science Prep.2 Unit One L 1

The document discusses oscillatory motion, defining it as the repeated motion of an object around a rest point, with examples such as a pendulum and microwave ovens. It explains key concepts including amplitude, periodic time, frequency, and complete oscillation, along with formulas for calculating periodic time and frequency. Additionally, it provides problems with solutions to illustrate these concepts in practical scenarios.

Uploaded by

Gaber Hassan
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31 views8 pages

Science Prep.2 Unit One L 1

The document discusses oscillatory motion, defining it as the repeated motion of an object around a rest point, with examples such as a pendulum and microwave ovens. It explains key concepts including amplitude, periodic time, frequency, and complete oscillation, along with formulas for calculating periodic time and frequency. Additionally, it provides problems with solutions to illustrate these concepts in practical scenarios.

Uploaded by

Gaber Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Second Term Science

Prep 2

Unit 1 Lesson 1
The Oscillatory motion

There are 2 types of motion:

1)-Translational motion. 2)-Periodic motion.

Translational Periodic

Characterized by the fact that it has Characterized by the fact it


starting point with initial velocity and repeats itself every definite time
end point with final velocity. called period.

Types of translational motion Types of periodic motion

In straight line In a curved line Circular Wave Oscillatory


motion
Motion of car in Motion of Circulation Pendulum
straight line. projectiles of planets
Wave
around
motion
Sun

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Second Term Science
Prep 2

Oscillatory motion
It is the motion of the oscillating body around its rest point, where
the motion is repeated through equal interval of time.

Examples

The simple pendulum, the clock, the tuning fork, the spring,
Stretched string, swing's motion.

In the simple pendulum


• The oscillating body moves on both sides
around its original position (A).

• The displacements of the oscillating body around its original


position are equal. (AB=AC)
• The velocity of the oscillating body reaches its maximum value
when passes its original position (A point) & decreases gradually
when it goes far from it. AT (B point or C point).
• The kinetic energy increases when the pendulum's velocity
increases& vice versa.
• Kinetic energy = 1/2 [ mass x squared velocity]
Kinetic energy =1/2 x m x v2

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Second Term Science
Prep 2

Life applications

The microwave oven:


• The microwaves make water molecules present inside the cooked
food to vibrate.
• This oscillatory motion causes the water molecules to colloid
with each other.
• This leads to the increase in its heat energy in a very short
time that helps cooking the food faster.
• Food must be put in glass, pottery, or ceramic pots.

Questions

Give reasons for:


1)-The motion of the rotator bee is not considered as an oscillatory
motion.

Because its motion is not repeated on the two sides of its rest
position.

2)-Metallic pots are not used in the microwave ovens.

Because they reflect the microwave.

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Second Term Science
Prep 2

• By using a spring& a pencil to draw the shape of the oscillatory


motion.
• The simple harmonic motion is considered the simplest form of
oscillatory motion.

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Second Term Science
Prep 2
There are four concepts can be deduced from the oscillatory

motion:

1)-Amplitude:

It is the maximum displacement done by the oscillating body away


from its original position.

Measuring Unit
Meters (m)

2)-Periodic time (T)


It is the time taken by an oscillating body to make one complete
oscillation.

Measuring Unit Seconds (S)

Law To calculate the periodic time

Periodic time = Time in seconds/ no. of complete oscillations

Periodic time = 1 / frequency = 1/f

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Second Term Science
Prep 2

3)-Frequency ( f)

It is the number of complete oscillations done by oscillating body in


one second.

Hertz (HZ)
• Kilohertz = 1 x 10 3 HZ
Unit
• Megahertz = 1 x 10 6 HZ
• Gigahertz = 1 x 10 9 HZ
Law To calculate the frequency

1)-Frequency = Number of complete oscillations / times in second.

2)-Frequency = 1/ periodic time. [Inversely proportion]


f = 1/ T
3)-Frequency x periodic time = 1
f x T = 1

4)-Complete oscillation

It is the movement done by an oscillating body when it passes by a


fixed point on its path two successive times in the same direction.
From ( A B A C A ) Complete oscillation

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Second Term Science
Prep 2

Problem (1)

Calculate the periodic time& frequency for an oscillating body that


makes 300 complete oscillations in half a minute.

Solution

Half minute= 30 seconds.

Periodic time = Time/ no. of complete oscillations = 30/300 = 0.1 sec.

Frequency = 1/T = 1/ 0.1 = 10 HZ.

Problem (2)

Calculate the frequency of a simple pendulum which makes

720 complete oscillations in 90 seconds.

Solution

Frequency = Number of complete oscillations / time in second.

Frequency = 720/90 = 8 Hz

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