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Palestine Polytechnic University: College of Engineering

The document outlines the objectives and activities for a laboratory course on optical rotary encoders at Palestine Polytechnic University. It includes measurements of DC motor speed, movement direction, and the operational principles of optical encoders. The conclusion emphasizes the relationship between motor input voltage, frequency, and RPM, as well as the significance of output signal behavior in determining rotation direction.

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195250
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7 views6 pages

Palestine Polytechnic University: College of Engineering

The document outlines the objectives and activities for a laboratory course on optical rotary encoders at Palestine Polytechnic University. It includes measurements of DC motor speed, movement direction, and the operational principles of optical encoders. The conclusion emphasizes the relationship between motor input voltage, frequency, and RPM, as well as the significance of output signal behavior in determining rotation direction.

Uploaded by

195250
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PALESTINE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering
Industrial Automation & Electrical Engineering Programs

Course Activities

4692: Measurements and Sensors Laboratory


Semester: Second semester

Academic Year: 2024 \ 2025

STUDENT NAME: Ibrahem abu hawash

ID NUMBER: 195250

ACTIVITY TITLE: Exp#2: Optical Rotary Encoder

SUBMISSION DATE: 4/3/2025

Instructor: Eng. Isra Sharabati

Hebron
2025
❖Objective:

• Provide a fundamental understanding of how optical rotary encoders


function.
• Assess the accuracy of the device in measuring speed and rotation.
• Examine the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and
humidity on device performance.
• Conduct a direct comparison between different types of optical rotary
encoders.
• Discuss its applications in robotics and control systems.
• Offer simple recommendations for improving device performance in
the future

A-DC Motor Speed:

▪ Measure and record:

Motor
input
Voltage 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
(V)

Frequency 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.5
(KHz)

*RPM 0.72 0.9 1.14 1.32 1.56 1.68 1.86 2.04 2.27 2.37

Motor
input
Voltage 7 7.5 8
(V)

Frequency 3.7 3.9 4.1


(KHz)

*RPM 2.52 2.64 3.32


❖ 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 ∗ 𝟔𝟎/𝟏𝟎𝟎 )𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟎. 𝟗 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟏. 𝟐 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟏. 𝟓 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟏. 𝟖 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟖𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟐. 𝟖 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟖𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟑. 𝟑 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟖𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟑. 𝟗 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟒𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟑. 𝟕 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟐𝐫𝐩𝐦
𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐝 = (𝟒. 𝟏 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟔 ) = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟔𝐫𝐩𝐦
▪ Draw the relationship between RPM and motor input voltage:
B-Movement Direction of DC motor:

▪ Clockwise:

▪ Counter clockwise:
C- Write the principle operation of optical rotary encoder.

Optical encoders work by counting characters on a scale with a light source


and a photodetector. The light distribution is typically converted into two
sinusoidal electrical signals, which are used to determine the relative
position of the scanning head and the linear scale The two resulting signals
can be seen to be 90 degrees offset. When the encoder rotates in the
clockwise direction, output (A) leads while output (B) delays. Conversely,
when the encoder is turned counterclockwise, output (A) is delayed and
output (B) is led.

❖ Conclusion:
▪ An increase in the input voltage to the motor increases the frequency
and increases the RPM.
▪ Step first whenever the signal changes from high to low or high we
can see that at that time, the two output signals have opposite values
and conversely if the encoder is turned counterclockwise the output
signals will have values the choir. Understanding this logic, we can
easily program our controller to interpret the position and direction
of rotation of the encoder.

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