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Research Introduction and Objectives Sample

The document analyzes the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), a conditional cash transfer initiative in the Philippines aimed at reducing poverty through financial assistance for education and healthcare. While the program has been praised for improving access to health services and education, it faces criticism regarding its operational costs and potential dependency among beneficiaries. The study seeks to conduct a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of the program in Kabacan, focusing on identifying costs, benefits, and calculating financial metrics like Net Present Value and Return on Investment.

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Jeahan Lidasan Tejada
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20 views4 pages

Research Introduction and Objectives Sample

The document analyzes the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), a conditional cash transfer initiative in the Philippines aimed at reducing poverty through financial assistance for education and healthcare. While the program has been praised for improving access to health services and education, it faces criticism regarding its operational costs and potential dependency among beneficiaries. The study seeks to conduct a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of the program in Kabacan, focusing on identifying costs, benefits, and calculating financial metrics like Net Present Value and Return on Investment.

Uploaded by

Jeahan Lidasan Tejada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MISALLOCATION OF RESOURCES OR A LONG TERM INVESTMENT: A

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS ON 4P’s IN KABACAN


INTRODUCTION

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is a conditional cash

transfer initiative established by the government of the Philippines in 2007. It

drew inspiration after similar programs in Latin America, particularly Brazil’s

Auxilio Brasil, Columbia’s Familias en Acción, and Ecuador’s Bono de

Desarrollo Humano (Orbeta et al., 2023). The 4Ps tries to eliminate poverty

through cash payments to impoverished households with children and

adolescents 18 years and younger, provided they meet certain educational

and healthcare standards. The 4Ps intends to break the alarming

intergenerational poverty prevailing in the country by responding to pressing

financial needs while simultaneously fostering investment in human capital.

As per the data of Department of Social Welfare and Development the

beneficiaries who qualify for the program receive monetary assistance

classified into two sets: education and health. Families receive ₱500 a month

for health care, as long as they get regular checkups, immunizations and

pregnancy or postnatal care. Families with up to three children are given ₱300

per child per month for education, granted that the kids maintain a minimum of

85% attendance at school. The program also includes a rice subsidy

necessary for food security. These conditions are meant to encourage

continuous spending on education and health care that are very important in

eradicating poverty in the long run.


According to the World Bank, the 4Ps is the country's biggest social

protection program, having covered millions of Filipino households since its

launch. It has been hailed as having improved the access to health services,

lessened child malnutrition, and improved school attendance. The program

has been criticized, though, for having a high cost of operations, propensity to

create dependency, and difficulty in identifying the most deserving

beneficiaries. With continuous efforts to improve its implementation and

expand coverage, the 4Ps was a pillar of the Philippine government's anti-

poverty program in spite of these issues.

However, one of the critical concern about the program is whether the

benefits outweigh the costs. Many of several studies have examined the

program’s outcomes in terms of health, education, and nutrition, they

frequently do not provide information that compares the costs incurred by the

government against the benefits gained by the beneficiaries and the society

Candelario (2023)(Bustos et al., 2023). A systematic analysis that uses these

benefits, such as improvements in school attendance and health outcomes,

into a cost-benefit framework is greatly lacking. This limits policymakers in

making informed decisions regarding allocation of resources and the potential

scaling of the program. Several studies have investigated the cost-

effectiveness of conditional cash transfer programs in other countries,

emphasizing the importance of taking into account both direct cost(cash

transfers) and indirect costs(administrative overhead, monitoring) in relation to


the achieved outcomes(Rawlings and Rubio, 2005). There have been studies

evaluating the effectiveness and impact of the 4Ps program on poverty

reduction and human capital development, but there is limited research on a

comprehensive cost-benefit analysis that includes both direct and indirect

costs and benefits over the long term.

This study is significant to LGUs, DSWD, policymakers, and

researchers. To LGUs, the study will inform optimal planning of resources and

strengthen local 4Ps implementation. To DSWD, the study examines program

effectiveness and assist budget justification. To policymakers, it informs

program improvement if only there are gaps. And for the future researchers, it

offers a foundation for further studies on the program.

Research Objectives

The study aims to analyze the costs and benefits of the Pantawid Pamilyang

Pilipino Program within the municipality of Kabacan, North Cotabato. Specific

objectives of the study include:

1. identify the costs of 4Ps

2. determine the benefits of 4Ps,

3. to compute for the Net Present Value (NPV), Return of Investment (ROI),

and the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 4Ps.

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