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Quantam Physics

The document is a question bank for the B.Tech CSE program at GITAM for the course 'Principles of Quantum Mechanics' for the 2021-22 batch. It includes short and essay-type questions divided into five units covering topics such as quantum theory, wave functions, quantum dots, angular momentum, and qubits. Each unit contains fundamental concepts and experimental evidence related to quantum mechanics, along with mathematical derivations and interpretations.

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Purahar sathya
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22 views5 pages

Quantam Physics

The document is a question bank for the B.Tech CSE program at GITAM for the course 'Principles of Quantum Mechanics' for the 2021-22 batch. It includes short and essay-type questions divided into five units covering topics such as quantum theory, wave functions, quantum dots, angular momentum, and qubits. Each unit contains fundamental concepts and experimental evidence related to quantum mechanics, along with mathematical derivations and interpretations.

Uploaded by

Purahar sathya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question Bank for the admitted batch - 2021-22

GITAM
Programme : B.Tech Branch: CSE
Sub Code : PHYS1021
Sub Name : PRINCIPLES OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
Semester : III

UNIT- 1
Short
1. What are the two main failures of classical mechanics?
2. State the postulates of Planck's quantum theory
3. What is de Broglie's wavelength of a non relativistic electron with a kinetic energy of
1.0 eV?
4. Give the Heisenberg energy and time uncertainty relation.
5. What is meant by photocurrent?
6. Give the relation between phase and group velocities.
Essay

1. What is the Davisson and Germer experiment and its result?


2. Explain the concept of phase and group velocity in detail
3. Using Heisenberg uncertainty principle, find the ground state energy of a hydrogen atom
4. What is Einstein's photoelectric equation and how it explained the laws of photoelectric
effect?
5. Define phase and group velocities and obtain the relation between them.
6. What is photoelectric effect? Give Einstein’s explanation of the phenomenon.
7. What are matter waves and how it is different from electromagnetic waves.
8. Give the experimental evidence for existence of matter waves.
9. State de Broglie’s hypothesis and calculate the de Broglie wavelength associated with electron
accelerated by a potential difference of 100 volts. Given the mass of electron = 9.1×10 -31Kg,
Planck’s constant h=6.626×10-34 Js and 1eV=1.6×10-19J.
10. What are matter waves? Write the properties of matter waves. Calculate the de-Broglie
wavelength associate with a photon moving with a velocity equal to (1/15) th of the velocity of
light.
11. What is photoelectric effect? Explain the photoelectric effect with the help of Einstein’s
equation.
12. List the difference between phase velocity and group velocity.
13. Discuss about the Davisson-Germer experiment in detail.
14. An electron has a speed of 500m/s with an accuracy of 0.004%. Calculate the certainty with
which we can locate the position of the electron.

1
UNIT- 2
Short

1. What are the limitations of the wave function?


2. Write an expression for the momentum operator and energy operator
3. Define stationary state.
4. Can the magnitude of a wave function (Ψ∗(x,t)Ψ(x,t)) be a negative number? Explain.
5. Which wave function is acceptable in quantum mechanics?
6. Give the Schrodinger time dependent wave equation for non-relativistic particles.

Essay

1. Derive the Schrodinger time-independent wave equation


2. The state of a one-dimensional quantum system is represented by the wave function
Ψ (x)= √ Sin(nπx/L)
3. for 0<x<L. Calculate the probability of finding the particle in the region 0 <x<𝐿/2.
4. Normalize the wave function
5. ( ) ( ) A and α are constants over the domain .
6. The wave function for a one-dimensional particle of mass m confined to move on the
interval 0 is given by
7. Ψ (x)= N Sin(3x) Where N is the normalization constant. Calculate N.

8. Arrive at the time-independent Schrodinger wave equation.


9. What is wave function and give the necessary conditions of wave functions?
10. Derive the Schrodinger time-dependent wave equation
11. The state of a one-dimensional quantum system is represented by the wave function
12. Ψ (x)= N Sin(7πx) for 0<x<1, with N being the Normalization factor. Calculate the
value of N.
13. What is wave function? Give the interpretation of the Schrodinger wave function.
14. Find the normalization constant A for the wave function ψ = for 0 x l.

15. Deduce the Schrodinger time-independent wave equation


16. The wave function for a one-dimensional particle of mass m confined to move on the
interval 0 𝐿 is given by
17. Ψ (x)= N Sin(4πx/L)
18. Where N is the normalization constant. Calculate N.
19. What is wave function? Give the physical interpretation of wave function.
20. Find the probability of finding the particle in the region 0 x L. The wave function of the
particle is ψ(x) = .

2
UNIT- 3
Short
1. What is a quantum dot?
2. Give the energy eigenvalue of the particle in a 1-d box.
3. What is zero-point energy in the harmonic oscillator?
4. Draw the energy level diagram for the particle 1D box.
5. What is tunnelling?
6. For a quantum harmonic oscillator, the energies are quantized, and the energy levels are evenly
spaced with spacing ℏω. Write the expression of energy eigenvalue for 2nd excited states (ground
state is n = 0)
7. What will happen to the wave function of a particle of mass m, when it hits the boundary of an in
finite potential?
Essay

1. An electron having total kinetic energy E of 4.50 eV approaches a rectangular energy


barrier with V=5.00 eV and L= 950 pm. Classically, the electron cannot pass through the
barrier because of E<V. Calculate the probability of tunnelling of this electron through the
barrier. Use me=
9.10×10−31kg; 1 eV = 1.6×10−19J, 1pm = 10-12 m
2. If the particle is in the lowest energy state of the 1D box, then find the probability of finding the
particle in the region 0<x<L/4.

3.
4. A potential energy barrier of height 𝑈0 creates three physical regions with three different
wave behaviours. Write the Schrödinger equation associated with all three regions and the
solution of the Schrödinger equation. Also, sketch the solutions associated with all three
regions.
5. Write down the boundary conditions to solve time independent Schrodinger’s equation, if a
particle of mass m and energy E falls on a potential barrier of strength V, while V>E? Find
the energy of the particle.
6. An electron in a one-dimensional infinite potential well goes from the n=4 to the n=2 level. The
frequency of the emitted photon is 3.43 × 1014 Hz. Find the width of the box.
7. Discuss about energies of 1D harmonic oscillator.
8. An electron is trapped in a one dimensional box of length 0.1nm. Calculate the energy required to
excite the electron from its ground state to the third excited state.
9. What are zero-point energy, eigenvalue, and eigenfunctions of 1D linear harmonic oscillator and
draw neat energy level diagram.
10. Show that the solution of Schrodinger wave equation for particle in an infinite potential box leads
to the concept of quantisation of energy.
11. The energy of a linear harmonic oscillator in Third excited state is 0.2eV. Find the frequency of

3
vibration.
UNIT- 4
Short
1. Give the angular momentum operator Lx, Ly, and Lz.
2. What is Larmor’s precession?
3. What do you mean by electron spin angular momentum?
4. Define the electron angular momentum.
5. What is Bohr magneton?
6. What are the possible spin states of an electron in a magnetic field?
7. What is the gyro magnetic ratio of an electron of mass m?
Essay

1. What is the Stark effect? Discuss.


2. What is space quantization? Explain.
3. How does the Stern-Gerlach experiment helps in understanding the electron spin?
4. What is the effect of magnetic field on spectral lines? Explain.
5. Give an experimental evidence for the existence of spin of the electron
6. Define angular momentum and obtain Lx, Ly and Lz.
7. Discuss the Larmor’s theorem.
8. Derive the expression for the magnetic moment due to orbital angular momentum of
electron
9. Explain the construction and working of Stern-Gerlach experiment with neat sketch.
10. Discuss the normal Zeeman effect and draw the spectral line for hydrogen atom from n=2 to n=1
levels.
11. Define angular momentum and obtain Lx, Ly and Lz.
12. How the Stern-Gerlach experiment verifies the space quantisation?
Explain the difference between Zeeman Effect and Stark Effect.

UNIT- 5
Short
1. What is meant by Qubit?
2. Comment on quantum Entanglement.
3. Represent bra and ket vectors.
4. What do you mean by decoherence?
5. Differentiate between Qubits and classical bits.
Essay

1. What is a qubit? And how its probability is represented?


2. Differentiate between Qubits, and multiple qubits.
3. Discuss the quantum superposition.
4. Differentiate Qubits Vs classical bits.
5. How do the Dirac bra and ket notations help in understanding qubits?
6. What is the use of Pauli’s spin matrices in Qubits?
7. Discuss about Bloch sphere representation of qubit.
8. How the probability of qubits is measured, explain.

4
9. Write a note on Quantum superposition.
10. How to predict whether a given multiqubit system is entangled or not,

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