Design of Box Culvert

Input Data
Inside Dimension
Height 3.5 m
Width 3.5 m
Dead Load 12000 N/mm2
Live Load 45000
Grade Of Concrete 20
Grade Of Steel 415

Assumed Values
Unit Weight Of Soil 18000
Angle Of Repose 30 degree
0.523333 Radian
Vertical & Horizontal Slab Thickness 340 mm
Dia. Of main bar 20 mm
Dia. Of distribution bar 8 mm

Case 1 - Dead & Live Loads From Outside While no water pressur
Total Dimension
Height 3.84 m
Width 3.84 m
Self Weight of concrete 25000 N/m3
Self Weight of top Slab 8500 N/mm2
Live & Dead loads 57000 N/mm2
Total Load on Top Slab 65500 N/mm2
Weight of each Side wall 32640 N/m
Upward Reaction at base 82500 N/mm2
Ka 0.333538
Lateral Pressure Due to Dead & Live Load 19011.65 N/mm2
Lateral Pressure Due to Soil = Ka*w*h
Lateral Pressure Intensity at top (h=0) 19011.65 N/mm2
Lateral Pressure Intensity at bottom 42065.78 N/mm2

vertical reaction at A and B 125.76 kN ↑

vertical reaction at D and C 158.4 kN ↓
Horizontal reaction ha 47.30132 kN
Horizontal reaction hd 69.96734 kN
Free BM at Mid point E 120729.6 N-m
Net BM at E 65029.76 N-m
Free BM at F 152064 N-m
Net BM at F 79282.25 N-m
For AD, SSBM at midspan 56288.96 N-m
Net BM 7951.839 N-m

case 2 : Dead load and live load from outside and water pr
water pressure intensity at A 0 N/m2
water pressure intensity at D 37632 N/m2
Lateral Pressure intensity at Top 19011.65 N/m2
Lateral Pressure intensity at Bottom 4433.777 N/m2

vertical reaction at A and B 125.76 kN ↑

vertical reaction at D and C 158.4 kN ↓
Horizontal reaction ha 23324.07 kN
Horizontal reaction hd 21691.15 kN
Free BM at Mid point E 120729.6 N-m
Net BM at E 75479.73 N-m
Free BM at F 152064 N-m
Net BM at F 92036.06 N-m
For AD, SSBM at midspan 21607.31 N-m
Net BM 31031.6 N-m

Case 3 : Live load and Dead Load on top and water pressur
Lateral Pressure due to Dead Load 4000 N/m2
Lateral Pressure due to soil 6000 N/m2
Earth Pressure intensity at Top 4000 N/m2
Earth Pressure intensity at Bottom 27040 N/m2
Vertical wall subjected to water pressure
At top 0 N/m2
At bottom 37632 N/m2

vertical reaction at A and B 125.76 kN ↑

vertical reaction at D and C 158.4 kN ↓
Horizontal reaction ha 5495.864 kN
Horizontal reaction hd 7133.652 kN
Free BM at Mid point E 120729.6 N-m
Net BM at E 84647.38 N-m
Free BM at F 152064 N-m
Net BM at F 101213 N-m
For AD, SSBM at midspan 6062.168 N-m
Net BM 49528.76 N-m

Let,maximum hogging moment BM occure at a distance X from A

X 3.055037 m
Mmax 53497.77 N-m

Design of Top Slab

case BM at Centre (N-m) BM at ends (N-m) Direct Force (N)
1 65029.76 55699.84 47301.32 comp.
2 75479.73 45249.87 23324.07 comp.
3 84647.38 36082.22 5495.864 tensile

SECTION AT MID-SPAN
Design B.M(max. of above 3 cases) 84647.38 N-m
concrete cover 50 mm
Effective depth of section 290 mm
compressive strength of concrete 20 N/mm2
Yield stress of steel rein. 150 N/mm2
k 0.375
j 0.874
R 1.155
Mr 97135500 N-mm Section size is okay
Ast 2226.449 mm2
Diameter of bar main bar 20 mm
Area of bar 314 mm2
spacing 141.0317 mm
Actual spacing 130 mm
Actual Ast provided 2415.385 mm2
Bent half the bars up near supports at a distanceof 0.768 mm from edges
Area of distribution steel 0.231429
Ast 786.8571 mm2
Area on each face 393.4286 mm2
Diameter of bar distribution bar 8 mm
Area of bar 50.24 mm
spacing 127.6979 mm
SECTION AT SUPPORT
Max. BM 55699.84 N-m
σst 190 N/m2
k 0.324
j 0.892
R 1.011
Ast 1133.281 mm2
Area available from the bars bent up from middle section 1207.692 mm2
Provide 8mm dia additional bars @200mm C/C.

DESIGN OF BOTTOM SLAB

case BM at Centre (N-m) BM at ends (N-m) Direct Force (N)
1 79282.25 72781.75 69.96734 comp.
2 92036.06 60027.94 21691.15 comp.
3 101213 50850.96 7133.652 tensile

SECTION AT MID-SPAN
Max. Bending Moment 101213 N-m
d 296.0242 mm
D 346.0242 mm Provie D=340mm,so that d=290mm
Ast 2607.994 cm2
Spacing 120.3991 mm
Actual area 2607.994 mm2 Bent half the bars at the outer face near supports
Distribution bars same as top

SECTION AT ENDS
max. BM 72781.75 N-m
σst 190 N/mm2
k 0.324
j 0.892
R 1.011
Ast 1450.697 mm2

Area avilable from the bars bent doen from the middle section 1303.997 mm2
Additional area required 146.7004 mm2
provide bars with diameter 8
spacing of bars 342.4667 mm

DESIGN OF SIDE WALLS

case BM at Centre or intermidiate
BMpoint(N-m)
at ends (N-m) Direct Force (N)
1 7951.839 72781.75 158400 comp
2 31031.6 60027.94 158400 comp
3 49528.76 50850.96 158400 comp

Max. BM 72781.75 N-m

Direct comp Force 158400 N-m
Eccentricity(e) 459.4807 mm
e/D 1.351414 <1.5
Provided bar diameter 20 mm

Provided spacing 300 mm

Asc=Ast 1046.667 mm2
The depth of neutral axis "n" 87.5 mm
c' 7.28 n/mm2
m 13
t 225.5398 okay
Provide 20mmφ at 300 mm
Distribution bar 8mmφ at 130mmC/C
om Outside While no water pressure From inside

load from outside and water pressure from inside

d Load on top and water pressure from inside: no live load on sides
he outer face near supports

The Details Of Reinforcement