ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

(ESMP) FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF

SEWING ROOMS AND TOILETS FOR SECONDARY
AND PRIMARY SCHOOL IN MUSOMA MUNICIPALITY,
MARA REGION

Submitted to:

REGIONAL ADMISTRATIVE SECRETARIAT

MARA REGION
P.O.BOX 299
MUSOMA

Submission Date
16th March 2025

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................................................................2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................................4
1 CHAPTER ONE..................................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................4
1.1 BACKGROUND...........................................................................................................................4
2 CHAPTER TWO..................................................................................................................................4
PROJECT DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................4
2.1 LOCATION...................................................................................................................................4
2.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING MOBILIZATION PHASE...................................................5
2.2.1 Soil and Land Degradation and Biodiversity...........................................................................................5
2.2.2 Deterioration/impairment of local air quality..........................................................................................5
2.2.3 Safety and health risks.............................................................................................................................6
2.2.4 Noise pollution and vibrations.................................................................................................................6
2.2.5 Spreading of HIV and other STDs in the project area.............................................................................7
2.3 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE.................................................7
2.3.1 Air pollution from emissions generating equipment’s............................................................................7
2.3.2 Dust pollution...........................................................................................................................................8
2.3.3 Air quality deteriorationdue transportation of construction materials.....................................................9
2.3.4 Environmental pollution from poor management of waste.....................................................................9
2.3.5 Impacts on environment quality of the area.............................................................................................9
2.3.6 Traffic snarl up and accidents during transportation.............................................................................10
2.3.7 Pollution of land and water resources....................................................................................................10
2.3.8 Increased water demand.........................................................................................................................10
2.3.9 Increased energy consumption...............................................................................................................10
2.3.10 Health hazards associated with construction work................................................................................10
2.3.11 Improving growth of the economy........................................................................................................11
2.4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING OPERATION.....................................................................11
2.4.1 Availability of well equipped laboratory for the science studies...........................................................11
2.4.2 Health hazards due to failure of provision of appropriate PPEs and enforcement of use.....................12
2.4.3 Impacts due to inadequacies in management and operation of the school and laboratory....................12
2.4.4 Occupational hazards due to improper maintenance of structure of the school....................................12
2.4.5 Safety and health risks to the workers due to operations.......................................................................12
2.4.6 Environmental hazards from inefficient management of storm water...................................................12
2.4.7 Impairment of environmental quality due to solid waste.......................................................................12
2.4.8 Pollution due to toxic fumes..................................................................................................................13
2.4.9 Cumulative impacts from existing operations.......................................................................................13
2.5 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE..................................................................................................13
2.5.1 Environmental impacts associated to decommissioning........................................................................13
3.1 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS.......................................................................14
4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...........................................................15
APPENDIX I: LOCAL CONSENT.............................................................................................................32

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The proposed Projects for Schools will be constructed and the implementation shall be done within 4
(2025-2029) years so as to accomplish the project planned

In order to curb the most pressing issues that have spurred the construction of Latrines and Sewing room at
Musoma municipal schools will improve sanitation of the school

Therefore, the proposed project interventions will include (i) Improving public school learning
environment, (ii) Improve the performance of female students through daily attendance in school section
apart from previous (iii) strengthening education systems through sanitation

The stakeholders for the project mainly school were identified based on their roles and relevance to the
proposed project and its associated services. The stakeholders that might have specific interest to the
project were pre-determined local government (Ward Executive Officer, Mtaa Executive Officer) and
Neighbouring community.

1 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND

The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) and President’s Office–Regional
Administration Local Government (PO-RALG) in collaboration Haki Elimu is preparing a 4 years project
for secondary and primary sanitation improvement to Nyaligamba primary school, Nyasho A primary
school, Mshikamano secondary school ,Kiara Secondary schools and Nyabisarye secondary schools at
Musoma Municipal council.

Thus, in accordance with Primary School learning environment and social systems assessment (ESSA)
Prepared and the Environment Management Act (2004) together with Environment Impact Assessment
and Audit Regulations (2005 and its amendment in 2018), Musoma Municipal Council has prepared this
ESMP to ensure environmental compliance during the implementation of the proposed project and the plan
indicates the identified impacts together with the appropriate mitigation measures for negative impacts and
enhancement measures for positive impacts as well as responsibility and the estimated costs for
undertaking the measures. The proposed project will not have adverse environmental impacts and
appropriate measures shall be taken into consideration during the undertakings. All arising environmental
concerns have been incorporated in the ESMP.

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 2 CHAPTER TWO
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 LOCATION

The proposed project site is specifically located in Musoma Municipality, Mara Region. The proposed
projects areas are within the government secondary and primary schools land. Geographical Coordinates
for the Musoma municipal 1°30'0.00"S, 33°48'0.00"E

Map showing the location of a project site at Musoma Municipal Council

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2.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING MOBILIZATION PHASE

Mobilization includes activities such as use of machines and equipment. Possible impacts during this
course of action include the following:

2.2.1 Soil and Land Degradation and Biodiversity

Site clearance is usually associated with the removal of existing vegetation cover and topsoil. Main
Potential impact is loss of /disturbance of biodiversity (flora, fauna and ecosystem. However, the
earmarked land for development of the proposed project has already been cleared for construction
work of previous school infrastructures. Clearance in this regard will not result in the loss of
vegetation/biodiversity of significance value. This is considered to be direct impact, permanent.

2.2.2 Deterioration/impairment of local air quality

Most of construction equipment, cement, sand etc will be obtained /procured locally from within the
Musoma. Aggregates and fill-material will be transported using trucks from the source point. Even
with the best available technologies, most of the demolishing and construction equipment and vehicles
will invariably emit gases such as CO2, NOx, SOx, particulate matters and hydrocarbons in small
quantities - regarded as residual air pollution. Congruent to these are pollutions from fugitive dusts
emitted during clearing / excavation works and from vehicles running on loose-surface roadways. The
general guidelines for air quality standards for Tanzania and as recommended by the World Health
Organization (WHO) are listed in Table 4.3 below:

Table 2.3: Air quality standards

Pollutant Tanzania WHO/IFC
PM10 Annual mean of 60 to 90μg/Nm 3 (0.05 – 0.116  24-hour mean of 150 μg/m3
mg/kg)  Annual mean of 50 μg/m3
SO2  24 – hour average 100 μg/Nm3  24 – hour average 150 μg/m3 or
(0.129mg/kg) or  Annual mean of 50μg/m3
 Annual mean of 40 – 60 μg/Nm3 (0.05-0.08
mg/kg)
NO2  150 μg/Nm3 for 24-hours average value or  150 μg/m3 for 24-hours average
 120μg/Nm3 for 8 hours value
 Annual 100 μg/m3
CO Time-weighed exposures at the following
levels:
 100 mg/Nm3 for 15 minutes
 60 mg/Nm3 for 30 minutes;
 30 mg/Nm3 for 60 minutes
 10 mg/Nm3 for 8 hours.

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The number of vehicle movements will not only be very low (approximately 3 vehicles per day), but
also the equipment and machinery planned to be used will be limited. With the low forecast number of
vehicle movements, the limited quantity of equipment/machinery, and adoption of good maintenance
regimes, the emissions of air pollutants from these sources will be limited. Additionally, from the
above standards and based on the duration of works on the project site, it is unlikely that the above
threshold value will be exceeded. It can be concluded that the emissions may affect local air quality
but will have no significant impact on global air quality. The impact is predicted to be negative,
cumulative, short-term duration and of moderate significance.
2.2.3 Safety and health risks
Safety and health of the workers may be affected during this stage from handling the equipment in
which could result to injuries, as well as emissions from the trucks’ exhausts could affect the
respiratory health of the workers. This impact is negative, short term and of medium significance.

2.2.4 Noise pollution and vibrations

The amount of disturbance/annoyance felt by people from the noise created is mainly subjective and
related to a wide range of human behavioral and social factors. The context in which the noise is heard
is also important, as this can affect its relative acceptability. Noise at a particular level is generally
more disturbing at night, when people are trying to sleep, than during the daytime. New noise sources
introduced to quiet areas are also likely to be more disturbing to people than the same level of noise
introduced into a noisy area. Noise is also more disturbing when people are engaged in complex tasks
that require concentration.

Noise is measured in decibels and is considered to be a nuisance when the combined expected
maximum noise level exceeds 70dB (A); the relevant noise is at least 1.0dB above the prevailing noise
level and the contribution to the increased noise level of the new or altered development is at least
1.0dB (A). Tanzania Standard TZS 932:2007 stipulates maximum permissible daytime noise levels of
45 dBA for learning institution area and 35dBA for nighttime. Likewise, the stipulated WHO/IFC
guidelines require noise emission levels in the working areas should be less than 70dBA.

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Table 2.4: Maximum permissible noise levels for general environment
NOISE LIMITS in dBA (Leq)
FACILITY
DAY NIGHT
Any building used as hospital, convalescence home, home
for the aged, sanatorium, and learning institutions,
45 35
conference rooms, public library, and environmental and
recreational site.
Residential building 50 35
Mixed residential (with some commercial and
55 45
entertainment)
Residential and Industry/small scale production and
60 50
commerce
Industrial area 70 60
TIME FRAME 6:00 am -10:00 10:00 pm-6:00
pm am
Source: TBS – National Environmental Standards Compendium

During the mobilization stage of the project, noise and vibration associated with equipment working
on site will be generated, which will affect the nearby receptors/offices and also the working
personnel. Noise and vibration generation will essentially result from the operation of the plant and
equipment involved on the construction site, namely excavators, concrete mixers and Lorries.
However, the noise from this machinery does not constitute what is referred to as excessive noise.
Likewise the amount of tremor from the equipment is insignificant to cause any hazards in the
surrounding area. This impact is therefore considered to be negative, cumulative and of short-term
duration and direct impact.

2.2.5 Spreading of HIV and other STDs in the project area

This impact could result from the interaction of workers with the surrounding community and hence
expose them to the risk of getting physical with the surrounding community leading to the spread of
sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. This impact is cumulative, negative and of high significance.

2.3 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

2.3.1 Air pollution from emissions generating equipment’s

During construction phase of the proposed project, pollution by gaseous emissions from various
sources is an issue for consideration during design stage. Sources of air pollution will be fuel powered
machinery, equipment and vehicles. Atmospheric pollutants from engines of vehicles include (SO 2,
NOx, CO2 and particulate matters). Main impact is impairment of local air quality, the extent of which
will depend on quantities emitted, duration and prevailing atmospheric conditions. Table 6.5 shows the

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emission factors of the various construction equipment and vehicles. Table 4.6 shows the
approximated emissions.

Table 2.5: Emission factors of construction equipment and vehicles

S/ Type Quantit Emission factors
N y
CO - g/hp- NOx - g/hp- PM10 - g/hp- PM2.5 - g/hp-
hr hr hr hr
1 Excavator 1 0.75 4.31 0.101 0.093
2 Wheel loader 1 0.94 4.67 0.087 0.88
3 Trucks 5 11.24 15.27 0.3338 0.3071
4 Motor grader 1 0.75 4.31 0.101 0.093
5 Compactor 1 0.94 4.67 0.087 0.88

Source: TBS – National Environmental Standards Compendium

Table 2.6: Total emissions from construction equipment’s and vehicles

S/N Type Total Emission
CO tons NOx tons PM10 tons PM2.5 tons
1 Excavator 0.268 1.539 0.036 0.033
2 Wheel loader 0.597 2.965 0.055 0.051
3 Trucks 0.007 0.0095 0.002 0.0002
4 Motor grader 0.597 2.965 0.055 0.051
5 Compactor 0.597 2.965 0.055 0.051
Source: TBS – National Environmental Standards Compendium

The above indicate that the emissions may affect local air quality but will have no significant impact
on global air quality issues. However, it should be noted already there are hundreds of vehicles plying
along the access road, which emit same air pollutants. This impact is considered to be negative,
cumulative, short-term but of moderate significance.

2.3.2 Dust pollution

The air quality will be most affected during construction phase with the emission of dust particles. Air
quality will be mostly affected from heavy plant, cement mixer, concrete rubbles and blocks, logistic
of workers and other equipment. The impact receptors are likely to include site workers and
neighbouring community especially the nearby diplomatic offices. The substance, which will most
significantly contribute to air pollution, will be particulate matter (PM 10), which may cause health
hazards when inhaled in significant amounts and can also redeveloperthe visibility. Given the size of
the project site, air borne particulates shall not pose a serious hazard to residents in the vicinity or

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downwind of the construction. The impact is considered to be negative, short-term duration and of
direct impact.

2.3.3 Air quality deteriorationdue transportation of construction materials

Excavation works and movement of vehicles and mechanical construction equipment at the site might
result into fugitive emissions of dust, smoke, exhaust particulates and exhaust gases. It is known that
operation machines and trucks are prone to emission of gaseous emissions such as carbon dioxide and
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) which are harmful to the environment attributing to climate change and also
affects people’s health by causing respiratory diseases.These emissions will be short term and will
probably be significant only at the site and adjacent sites. It is expected that smoke and exhaust
emissions will immediately be dispersed and diluted in the ambient air. This impact is considered
negative, cumulative and medium-term and of moderate significance

2.3.4 Environmental pollution from poor management of waste

Main sources of construction waste will be from site preparation, earth moving works, and domestic
waste from construction crew. Approximately 30 workers will be needed during construction and
assuming that the per capita waste generation is about 0.25 kg per day, about 7.5kg per day of solid
waste will be generated during construction by workers. Assuming that each person may use about 20
litres of water, and 80% of this amount is discharged as waste the amount of domestic wastewater that
will be generated is about 480 litres per day.

Also large amounts of solid waste will be generated during construction of the project. These will
include metal cuttings, rejected materials, surplus materials, surplus soil, excavated materials, paper
bags, empty cartons, empty paint and solvent containers, broken glass among others. Solid wastes if
not well managed and disposed of at an approved dumpsite would negatively impact the site and
surrounding environment. In addition have a potential of causing disease outbreaks due to their
presence providing suitable breeding conditions for vectors of certain diseases such as cholera and
typhoid. Outbreak of diseases such as Malaria could also be exacerbated by the presence of open water
ditches for breeding of anopheles mosquitoes. Other impacts include increased bird population
(attracted by food waste). Poor construction waste management constitutes negative impacts, of
short-term duration and of high significance.

2.3.5 Impacts on environment quality of the area

The improper siting of stockpiles and storage of sand, gravel, cement, etc., at the construction site
could lead to fine materials being washed away, during heavy rainfall events. This would not only
represent a waste of materials but would also contribute to turbidity and sedimentation with
consequent negative impacts on environment quality of the area. The impact is considered to be
negative, short-term duration and of moderate significance.

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2.3.6 Traffic snarl up and accidents during transportation

Activities related to construction works and operation wills undoubtedly induce uncharacteristic levels
of additional vehicular traffic at the site and roads leading to the site. Related issues of vehicle
congestion and reckless driving by truck drivers delivering construction materials and supplies to the
site will be sources of potential accidents to road users and pedestrians. Disturbance of normal living
conditions to the local population and business people due to the increased traffic in the area will also
be expected especially during the construction period. This impact is considered negative, long-term
and of high significance

2.3.7 Pollution of land and water resources

The machines on site during construction may contain moving parts, which may require continuous
oiling to minimize the usual corrosion or wear and tear. Likewise, moving vehicles on construction
sites may require oil and other lubricants change. Possibilities of such oils spilling and contaminating
the soil and water within the construction sites are real. However no maintenance will be carried out at
the project site, all contractor vehicles will be services at the proper designated garages designed for
this purpose which can substantially contains these dangers. The impact is considered to be negative,
short-term duration and of moderate significance.

2.3.8 Increased water demand

Both the workers and the construction works will create additional demand for water in addition to the
existing demand. Water will mostly be used in the creation of concrete for construction works and for
wetting surfaces or cleaning completed structures. The impact is considered to be negative, short-
term duration and of moderate significance.

2.3.9 Increased energy consumption

The project will consume fossil fuels (mainly diesel) to run transport vehicles and construction
machinery. Fossil energy is non-renewable and its excessive use may have serious environmental
implications on its availability, price and sustainability. The projects construction phase will also use
electricity or diesel to run generators. Electricity in Mara region is generated mainly through natural
resources, namely, water and geothermal resources. In this regard, there will be need to use electricity
sparingly since high consumption of electricity negatively impacts on these natural resources and their
sustainability. The impact is considered to be negative, short-term duration and of moderate
significance.

2.3.10 Health hazards associated with construction work

During construction the project is expected to employ about 30 people, mainly from Musoma and it is
expected that not all workers will require a living camp at the project site. Large construction projects
10
attract significant numbers of vendors who erect stalls along the road near to the site entrance.
Associated with this is the parking of taxis and other vehicles owned by site workers. The overall
effect is to create a highly unsightly situation, which includes poor litter and solid waste management
practice.These, if not disposed of safely they may result in health hazards and degrade environmental
aesthetics.

Further during construction of the proposed project, it is expected that construction workers are likely
to encounter occupational health hazards as a result of coming into contact and handling hazardous
waste. Because of the intensive engineering and construction activities including erection and
fastening of roofing materials, metal grinding and cutting, concrete work, steel erection and welding
among others, construction workers will be exposed to risks of accidents and injuries. Such injuries
can result from accidental falls from high elevations, injuries from hand tools and construction
equipment; cuts from sharp edges of metal sheets and collapse of building sections among others.
According to the OHS Act of 2003 causes of accidents in construction sites includes but not limited to
poor site layout; poor erection and improper use of scaffolds; falling objects from high level; improper
method of lifting; sharp edges; improper use of personal protective equipment PPE; inadequate
provisions of Personal Protective Equipment PPE; falling through uncovered openings especially at
upper floor levels and carelessness of workers. Also there is a possibility of the spread of
communicable, or infectious, diseases include hepatitis, polio, influenza, HIV/AIDS, malaria, small
pox and tuberculosis. These diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites are capable of
spreading among people through the air, blood and other bodily fluids. The impacts are considered
negative, short term and of high significance.

2.3.11 Improving growth of the economy

Through the use of locally available materials during construction phase of the proposed project
including cement, structural steel, concrete and ceramic tiles, timber, sand, ballast electrical cables etc,
the project will contribute towards growth of the economy by contributing to the gross domestic
product. The consumption of these materials, fuel oil and others will attract taxes including VAT
which will be payable to the government hence increasing government revenue while the cost of these
raw materials will be payable directly to the producers. This impact is considered to be positive, long
term and of high significance.

2.4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING OPERATION

Operation phase is believed to be the most vital phase of the project. This is particularly so when
considering environmental, social and economic impacts of the project. In this regard, negative
impacts are usually directly linked to the operational activities. Impacts associated during this course
of action include:
2.4.1 Availability of well equipped laboratory for the science studies
The principal objective of the proposed project is to solve the problem of teaching and learning
Laboratory for the science studies. Achievement of this proposed project would socially and
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educationally add value by reducing the tendency of studying science subjects theoretically only. This
impact is positive, long term and of high significance.

2.4.2 Health hazards due to failure of provision of appropriate PPEs and enforcement of use
All students, teachers and other staff will be provided with appropriate protective gears to suit
respective potential hazards when in the laboratory. Failure of provision of appropriate protective
gears and their enforcement of use may pose health hazards to students, teachers and the other staff.
This impact is considered negative, long-term and of high significance.

2.4.3 Impacts due to inadequacies in management and operation of the school and laboratory
Most of the environmental problems associated with project activities and actions should, under
normal circumstances, be addressed at the design stage of the project. Problems, which could arise
during operations, may be due to inadequacies in the institutional, operational, maintenance,
management and monitoring aspects of the project systems. This impact is negative, long term and of
high significance.

2.4.4 Occupational hazards due to improper maintenance of structure of the school

Lack of culture or inadequate financial resources for maintenance will inevitably affect the smooth
operations of the plant. Consequently all hygienic measures incorporated in the design e.g. ensuring
that all workers wash and change before leaving the toilet etc. may not be observed and thus expose
the public to products of poor hygienic status and pose health/safety risks to workers and the public.
This impact is considered negative, long-term and of medium significance.

2.4.5 Safety and health risks to the workers due to operations

During operations there is a high probability for the safety and health of the workers to be at risk. This
is due to injuries incurred during handling of tools during the practical analysis, improper maintenance
of equipment and structures and risk of being into contact with waste water that will be used, This
impact is cumulative, long term and of high significance.

2.4.6 Environmental hazards from inefficient management of storm water

Water from the gutters will be collected and channeled into existing storm water channel network.
Environmental hazards may possibly arise as a result of poor storm water management at the project
area. This impact is considered negative, long-term and of medium significance.

2.4.7 Impairment of environmental quality due to solid waste

In the course of operation activities, production of solid waste is inevitable due to several activities to
be carried out which could eventually lead to production of solid waste. Examples of the solid waste to
be generated at the broken glass, leftover of the food materials used , plastic bottles uses. This impact
is considered negative, long-term and of medium significance.

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2.4.8 Pollution due to toxic fumes
During operation, environmental and health impacts may occur from the fumes if not properly handled
also fumes during operation. This impact is negative, cumulative and of high significance.

2.4.9 Cumulative impacts from existing operations

The proposed project will be adding problems (cumulative impacts) of air pollution, solid waste,
wastewater and resources use such as utilities (mainly electricity, water). These impacts are
considered indirect negative, cumulative and of medium significance.

2.5 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE

Decommissioning stage of the project is not likely to take place in the near future, provided
maintenance of the facility is given due attention. However, even if maintenance is done as it should,
there will come a time when the facilities may be dilapidated.
2.5.1 Environmental impacts associated to decommissioning
2.5.1.1 Dust and noise Pollution from demolition activities
In closure of the project, Developer may decide to demolish the structures and dismantle the
laboratory equipment. Waste, dust and noise are expected from demolition works. This impact is
negative, short term and of low significance

2.5.1.2 Loss of aesthetics due to haphazard disposal of demolished waste

Loss of aesthetics may result from the demolished waste remaining on site for a long time to the extent
of becoming an eyesore. These impacts are considered to be negative, short/medium term and of
low significance.

2.5.1.3 Contamination and impaired Environment

In the event of future rehabilitations and upgrading, the laboratory and associated facilities may need
to be demolished thus necessitating disposal of demolished waste. Haphazard disposal may cause
contamination/impaired quality of the receiving body such as land. This impact is considered
negative, short-term of low significance.

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 3 CHAPTER THREE
3.1 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS

In Tanzania, there are a number of policies and legislations, which set out the legal and regulatory
requirements, which are relevant to the proposed project. Additionally, there are pertinent standards
governing environmental management and protection, health and safety. The project must therefore be
conducted in compliance with the Relevant National Policies, Legislation, Administrative structures,
International treaties and Conventions relevant to the proposed project were reviewed so that the
implementation of the proposed projects at Schools meets and abides to the existing guidelines and
regulations such as the Tanzania Development Vision 2025, Environmental Impact Assessment and
Environmental Audit Regulations 2005 (amended in 2018), etc; The policies such as The National
Land Policy of 1995, The National Energy Policy of 2015, The National Water Policy of 2012, etc;
The legal instruments including The Land Act No. 4 of 1999 and its amendment No.2 of 2004, The
National Land Use Planning Act No.6 of 2007, The Local Government (District Authorities) of 1982,
The Environmental Management Act of 2004, etc as well as The International obligations entail the
Convention on Biological diversity 1992, and World bank and Environmental and Social Safeguards

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 CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The environmental and social management Plan (ESMP) gives the way forward for implementation of the identified mitigation measures. It
applies to, and will be implemented throughout all phases of the Project i.e. Pre-construction, Construction, Operation and
Decommissioning.

Table 4: Environmental and Social Management Plan for the proposed buildings at Secondary and primary School

PRE-CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
Physical Environment
Soil and Land EMA, 2004,  Proper site selection to avoid sloppy land  Council Land planning
Degradation and Areas of disturbance  Minimize land forest (vegetation) clearing areas as much officer
Biodiversity limited to area of as possible to avoid unnecessary exposure of bare ground  Council Environmental
construction to the elements of the weather. Management Officers
 The site shall be compacted to increase load-bearing (REME, MEMO)
capacity at the site; prevent soil settlement; provide
needed stability; reduce water seepage, swelling and
contraction and reduces settling of soil. In order to
achieve this vibratory force compactor shall be used.
Scarcity of Water EMA, 2004  Analysis of the Water supply for school and construction.  Coordination Team
Resources Water Supply and  Study of the Water balance and water quality. (SCT)
Sanitation Act, 2009  An expert will be engaged prior approval of works to  Council Water Engineer
prepare a rapid water resources evaluation.
 Water quality: rainwater harvesting will be analysed to

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 PRE-CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
comply with national water drinking quality standards or
those of the WHO.
 Schedule construction to reflect period there is enough
water available.
 Groundwater sources should be preferred; with protection
and pump and follow national regulations and the ESMF
measures to protect life and water source.
 The proponent shall ensure that water is used efficiently at
the site by sensitizing construction staff to avoid
irresponsible water use. The proponent will install water-
conserving automatic taps and toilets. Moreover, any
water leaks through damaged pipes and qualified staff
will fix faulty taps promptly.
Loss of Flora, Fauna and EMA, 2004  The pre-construction surveys should identify existing  Land planning Officers
Habitat ecologically sensitive areas that the project should avoid  Environmental Officers
these resources. (REME, MEMO)
 Avoid unnecessary exposure and access to sensitive
habitat areas.
 For identified or suspected sensitive habitats (swamps/
wetlands), relevant authorities on wildlife should be
engaged, and regular inspection or monitoring should be
carried out in the area prior to start and during work.
Ensure Safety None or as minimum as  Standard drawing will ensure safety of school.  Engineers, Environmental
possible  Provide workers with appropriate protective gears such as and Social Officers.
boots, helmets, dust masks etc.
 Enforce the use of the protective gears to all workers
 Put proper signs on site to alert workers about safety
requirements on machines with moving parts and other
equipment at site.
 Provide First Aid box and ensure that a trained person to

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 PRE-CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
handle site emergencies and incidences is in place.
 Provide fire-fighting mechanism at site.
 Display emergency call numbers that can be used in case
of fire at site.
 Provide safe scaffoldings and railings at heights.
Waste Management EMA, 2004,  When the project will purchase equipment, such as  Environmental officer
computer equipment/tablets/printers etc, will ensure the (REME, MEMO).
Adequate solid waste contractor will collect all waste (boxes, plastics, etc) and ask
collection bins and to retrieve from School and given to recycling group.
sanitation facilities
 Paper and carton material will be recycled and nor
burned.
 The council and contractor shall put in place measures to
ensure that construction materials requirements are
carefully budgeted and to ensure that the amount of
construction materials left on site after construction is
kept minimal.
 The council shall consider the use of recycled or
refurbished construction materials. Purchasing and using
once-used or recovered construction materials will lead to
financial savings and reduction of the amount of
construction debris disposed of as waste.
Social Issues
Non-user-friendly Persons with Disability  All constructions/installations supported by the project  Architect/design
buildings for PWDs Act, 2010 components will be considered in the designs: ramps and team/Contractor/ Local
other special facilities such as toilets to facilitate access fundis
 School Construction
and use by PWDs.
Committee
 LGA Community
Development Officer

17
 PRE-CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
Land Use Land Use Act No. 4 and  Screening of sites to avoid and minimise potential for  School Construction
No. 5 (1999), displacement or conflict over land use to determine initial Committee
risk of resettlement (and potential need to look at  LGA Community
alternative sites) and to determine if a RAP is needed. Development Officer
 Identification of vulnerable groups with an interest in the
land.
 Development and implementation of a RAP in line with
the RF and VGPF (including Free Prior and Informed
Consultation) where relevant.
Vulnerable Groups Vulnerable Groups  Screening of sites to determine the presence of vulnerable  School Construction
groups and their use of the proposed site using Checklist Committee
1 (early identification) and Checklist 2 to determine need  LGA Community
for VGP. Development Officer
 Development of Vulnerable Groups Plan in line with the  SMPC
requirements of the VGPF.
 Construction of this new school should be based on need
(as determined by the baseline assessment) without
discriminating against LGAs with VGs.
Impacts on Cultural Antiquities Act, 1964  The pre-construction surveys should identify cultural  School Construction
Heritage heritage resources that the project should avoid. Committee
 LGA Community
Development Officer.
 LGA Environment
Officers.

18
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
Social Issues
Gender Based Violence Employment and Labor  Contractors (fundis) to be provided with a code of conduct  SEQUIP Coordination
(GBV) and Sexual Relation Act 2004 (CoC) as part of contracting documentation which will Team
Exploitation and Abuse (ELRA, 2004) include provisions related to GBV and SEA including  Contractor/ Local fundis
(SEA) Law of the Child Act clauses related to children.  School Construction
(2009)  Develop and implement a national level GBV Action Plan Committee
with an Accountability and Response Framework as part  LGA Social Welfare
of the POM. The GBV action plan will follow guidance Officer
on the World Bank’s Good Practice Note for Addressing
Gender-based Violence in Investment Project Financing
involving Major Civil Works (Sept 2018).
 The GBV action plan will include how the project will
ensure necessary steps are in place for:
 Prevention of SEA (PSEA): All workers and
stakeholders will be trained SEA and sexual
harassment responsibilities related to the CoC and
consequence for none compliance, ahead of any
project related works.
 Response to SEA: GRM operators, SEA focal points
(such as member of the village council and SCC) and
safeguards specialists (LGA and National level) will
be trained on how to receive and respond to GBV,
SEA or harassment complaints to protect the rights of
the survivor.
 Implementation of the Action Plan within each district.
This will include with identification of relevant
government agencies and/ or NGOs in the district who

19
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
can provide survivors of GBV and exploitation and
abuse and harassment, access to survivor centred
services such as medical care, psychosocial support,
legal redress, safety, etc as and when necessary.
 Management and Coordination of PSEA:
Development of policies/ contractual requirements
related to SEA, including investigation and
disciplinary procedures.
 Training for all project management; management for
coordination mechanism for case oversight,
investigations and disciplinary procedures by relevant
government agencies and the Gender Specialist.
 Sensitization and awareness campaigns to the contractors
should be undertaken prior to the start of construction to
promote gender equity in employment during the
construction works.
 Provision of gender disaggregated data, separate bathing,
changing, and sanitation facilities for men and women at
the construction site.
 Impose zero tolerance on sexual harassment, all forms of
gender-based violence and discrimination at all phases of
the project.
 Community Engagement should be undertaken including:
 Development of information and education materials
on GBV, SEA and sexual harassment to be distributed
near construction sites.
 Community outreach to women and girls about PSEA.
 Inform school authorities, parents, women and girls

20
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
near construction sites about the need to pay special
attention to child protection in light of any labour in-
migration.
 Ensure visibility of signage and information, education
and communication materials on such issues in the
construction sites and community.
Sexual Harassment Employment and Labor  Enforcement of national law in relation to sexual  Contractor/ Local fundis
Relation Act 2004 harassment in the work place. Worker contracts and CoC  School Construction
(ELRA, 2004) will include clear provisions against sexual harassment in Committee
line with national law.  LGA Social Welfare
 The SCC and village council will include trained Officer
personnel to manage any complaints associated with
sexual harassment.
 Ensure that women are given equal employment
opportunities during recruitment and job postings.
Transmission of STDs OHS, 2003  A program on HIV prevention and response targeting  Contractor/ Local fundis
including HIV/AIDS workers will be put in place at every construction site  School Construction
 Construction workers should be educated to adhere to Committee
basic rules with regard to protection of public health, LGA Community
including hygiene and disease prevention. Development Officer
 Establish a partnership with local wellness centers
including hospitals, ARV centers and NGOs near the
project area to implementing or extend HIV/AIDS
prevention and response programs.
 As part of the Code of Conduct the use of sex workers by
contractors will be forbidden.
Transmission of Community Health and  Construction workers should be educated to adhere to  Contractor/ Local fundis
Communicable and Safety basic rules with regard to protection of public health,  SCC

21
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
Vector Borne Diseases. including hygiene and disease prevention.  LGA Community
 Worksites will be well maintained to avoid the creation of Development Officer
breeding sites for vectors. This will include to avoid the
construction of small pools of water (mosquitos), waste
(rodents) etc. which contribute to diseases transmission.
(Water should be stored in containers)
 Contractors will have access to potable water and adequate
sanitation facilities to prevent disease transmission.
Exploitation of Workers Employment and Labor  Local skilled and unskilled labour within the project area  Contractor/ Local fundis
Relation Act 2004 will be recruited as far as possible.  School Construction
(ELRA, 2004)  Ensure that all workers have contracts with terms and Committee
conditions that are consistent with national labour laws  LGA Community
and policies as well as ESS2. Development Officer
 Every worker should be trained on as well as sign a Code
of Conduct as an annex to the employment contract –
covering issues such as zero tolerance of unacceptable
conduct in the community and GBV, sexual harassment,
sexual exploitation and abuse of children, etc
 Facilitate workers to be aware of the school construction
committees to channel their concerns/grievances.
Child and Forced Labour Employment and Labor  Ensure no children are employed on site in accordance  Contractor/ Local fundis
Relation Act 2004 with national labour laws and ESS2 (No students should  School Construction
(ELRA, 2004) be engaged in fetching water for construction works or Committee
otherwise providing community contributions)  LGA Community
 All workers should be able to demonstrate their age by use Development Officer
of national identity cards or other documentation.
 Inform communities and stakeholders that the use of child
labour/ students (including for community contributions)

22
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
is not permitted on the project.
 All workers must have an employment contract, be paid
for their work and have the right to resign if they wish.
Impacts on Human OHS, 2003  Contractor shall maintain records and make reports  Contractor/ Local fundis
Health and Safety concerning health, safety and welfare of persons, and  School Construction
damage to property at all times or as the District Engineer Committee
may reasonably require  LGA Community
 Appropriate notices and warning signs will be erected Development Officer
around working areas and public areas to warn  LGA Environmental
surrounding community of any danger or risk. Engineer/officer
 Cover trucks carrying construction materials such as sand,
quarry dust, laterite with tarpaulin or appropriate
polythene material.
 Except for areas secured by fencing, all active construction
areas will be marked with high-visibility tape to reduce the
risk accidents.
 All open trenches and excavated areas will be backfilled as
soon as possible after construction has been completed and
fenced/ barricaded while open.
 Adequate sanitary facilities will be available for workers
and open range defecation will not be tolerated.
 Contractors are responsible to fully apply the
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (EHSG) of
the World Bank.
 District Engineers and Environmental Officers will be
responsible for supervising works to avoid impacts on

23
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
health and safety.
 The construction site shall be barricaded and provided
with security at the access gates to reduce potential
accidents and injuries to the public.
 All construction and other workers will be instructed on
the safe methods pertaining to their area of work to avoid
injuries.
Social Conflict OHSA, 2003  Local skilled and unskilled labour within the project area  Contractor/ Local fundis
will be recruited as far as possible.  School Construction
 Every worker should be trained on as well as sign a Code Committee
of Conduct as an annex to the employment contract –  LGA Community
covering issues such as zero tolerance of unacceptable Development Officer
conduct in the community, alcohol and drug use, use of
sex workers, purchase of goods from students etc
 Communities should be advised to raise any concerns
regarding the behaviour of none local workers through the
School Construction GRM for resolution.
 The prices of goods and services should be monitored to
determine if there is any substantive change in prices.
 School heads and the SCC should work with parents to
minimise the number of school children engaging in petty
business activities.
 Training will be developed and implemented on non-
discrimination to minimise the potential for discrimination
in project implementation. Such training will explicitly
address common reasons for discrimination grounded in
unconscious and conscious bias, disability, albinism and

24
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
any other social factors.
Impacts on Cultural Antiquities Act, 1964  The Project should implement a Chance Find Procedure  Contractor/ Local fundis
Heritage (CFP) and reporting system to be used by contractors in  School Construction
the event that a Cultural heritage feature is encountered. Committee
 LGA Community
Development Officer
 LGA Environment
Officers

Water Resources
Conflict on Water Use Water Supply and  Make use of existing Water Users Association to minimize  Contractor/ Local fundis
Sanitation Act, 2009 conflict with residents School Construction
 Manage use of piped water and other water sources mainly Committee
used by local people  LGA Community
 Obtain water abstraction permit from the relevant Development Officer
authorities, and other relevant agencies that manage water  District Water Officers
resources in the area.
 Explore other alternative sources of water like
groundwater. Where possible the project to facilitate
construction of water well/boreholes.
 Ensure that water sources are consulted and agreed with
local stakeholders.
Pollution of Water EMA, 2004  No garbage or refuse, waste oils should be discharged into  Contractor/ Local fundis
Water Supply and drains or onto site grounds.  School Construction
Sanitation Act, 2009  Incorporate erosion control measures during construction Committee
at the site.

25
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
 Fuel storage tanks or sites should be properly secured to
contain any spillage.
 Maintenance, re-fuelling and cleaning of equipment
should NOT be done anywhere at construction site but at a
designated area or garage
 The design will incorporate oil sumps at the parking areas
to isolate oil spills from parked vehicles that might spill to
the storm drains
 Toilet facilities should be provided for construction
workers to avoid indiscriminate defecation in nearby bush
or local water bodies.
 Pit latrines, urinals and showers (dormitories) location will
be selected to avoid contamination of groundwater.
Underground Water EMA, 2004  Construct proper wastewater disposal facilities according  Contractor/ Local fundis
Pollution from Waste Water Supply and to design standards.  School Construction
Water Sanitation Act, 2009  Immediate clean up of local spillage to soil. Committee

Erosion of School Areas EMA, 2004  Avoid construction work during heavy rains.  School Construction
Committee
 Contractor/ Local fundis
Generation of Solid EMA, 2004  Establish a waste management plan for disposal of debris/  Contractor/ Local fundis
Waste garbage at the site.  School Construction
 Regular collection and disposal of garbage. Committee
 Clean storm water drains to minimize clogging  Environmental Officers
 Train teachers and students on solid waste management at
school.
 Provision of separate collection bins for biodegradable and
non-biodegradable waste at the construction site Conduct

26
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
awareness on need of appropriate waste management
practices including reduction, reuse, recycle, segregation,
treatment among others.
 Final disposal should be at approved dumpsites by the
local government.
 Disposal of hazardous wastes will follow national
regulations and the requirements of the World Bank EHS
guidelines
 No burning of waste will be allowed.
Generation of Hazardous EMA, 2004  Proper storage and handling of fuels, oil, and other  Contractor/ Local fundis
Waste, including Oil and potentially hazardous materials as well as a plan for  School Construction
Fuel Wastes containment and clean-up of accidental spills into the Committee
aquatic environment.  Environmental Officers
 No solid waste, fuels or oils should be discharged on land
surface, into drains or streams
 Spent or waste oil from vehicles and equipment should be
collected and temporarily stored in drums or containers at
site.
 Approved agents should dispose of waste oil by the
environmental or local authority.
Vegetation Cutting Biodiversity  Contractor will cut only trees if have been agreed with the  Contractor/ Local fundis
Conservation and local school board and the environmental officer
Sustainable  Vegetation clearing will be done to reduce damage of  Environmental Officers
Management of Living native vegetation and habitat of local species.
Resources  A vegetation restoration plan will be implemented with
support of local contractor, school and teachers so the
school can benefit from shade, fruits and greening.

27
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
Impact on Wild Fauna Biodiversity  Contractors will not hunt or fish in the project area  Contractor/ Local fundis
Conservation and  Contractor will not collect fauna or flora for commercial
Sustainable interest and illegal trade.  Environmental Officers
Management of Living  Contractors will not leave food that can attract wild or
Resources domestic animals.
Pest Impact on Wood Resource Efficiency  Pest management control will use chemical solutions and
and Pollution pesticides according to the WHO guidelines1  Environmental Officers
Prevention and
Management
Health and Safety EMA, 2004  Construction workers will be provided with adequate  Contractor/ Local fundis
OHS Act 2003 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) including, high-
visibility vests, safety boots, earplugs, gloves etc. and  Environmental Officers
enforce their use.
Occupational Health and EMA, 2004  Project sites should be fenced/hoarded off from public  Contractor/ Local fundis
Safety OHSA 2003 view during construction.
ESS2  Good housekeeping at construction sites should be
ensured.
 When possible fence the school compound.
Air Pollution EMA, 2004  Regular watering of the construction site  Contractor/ Local fundis
Water Supply and  Cover construction materials during transportation
Sanitation Act, 2009  Provide adequate and proper PPEs to construction workers  Environmental Officers
on the site;
 Proper site management through regular cleaning
including wet sweeping of the surfaces that produces a lot
of dust particles;
 Transport of construction material should follow the

28
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
contract environmental clauses, which include covering
the load trucks.
 Hoarding the site with netting/sheet fabric cloth to prevent
excess dust blowing from the construction site area.
 Construction traffic speed control measures should be
enforced on unpaved roads to schools (speed limits
through communities should be ≤50km/hr on unpaved
roads to schools and near or at project site should be ≤30
km/hr).
 Engines of vehicles/trucks and earth-moving equipment
should be switched off when not in use.

Noise and Vibration EMA, 2004  Contractors to use equipment and vehicles that are in good  Contractor/ Local fundis
Noise emissions at the working order and well maintained.
boundary shall not  Contractors will be required to implement best driving  Environmental Officers
exceed 55 dB(A) and practices when approaching and leaving the site (speed
during day, 45 dB(A) limit of ≤30 km/hr) to minimize noise generation.
at night.  Construction activities should be carried out only during
the day to avoid noise to the residents
 Engines of vehicles/trucks and earth-moving – equipment
should be switched off when not in use.
Road Traffic Accidents Road Traffic Act,  Contractors will comply with driving licences and transit Contractor/ Local fundis
and Safety, requirements LGA Community
Air pollution from traffic Air quality Standard  Contractors will install safety signs as in the construction Development Officer
(TZS 983:2007 and LGA Environmental Officers
flow area and in access roads in at least 5 km from project site
TZS 698:2007, TZS as described in the contract environmental/social clauses.
845:2012):
 Use water sprinklers on rough roads to the site to suppress
NOX<1.8mg/m3
dust

29
 CONSTRUCTION
Environmental &
Impacts Social Standard Responsible for
Description of Mitigation Measures
Main Legislation, Implementing Measures
Target Level
SO2<0.65mg/m3  Undertake proper maintenance on vehicles and equipment
CO <25ppm  Ensure appropriate, timely and adequate provision of PPEs
CO2<5000ppm to workers.
 As part of engagement activities prior to construction,
stakeholders will be advised as to the proposed vehicle
routes.
 Contractors will be required to abide by Tanzania law in
relation to vehicle movements in particular in relation to
vehicle maintenance, speed limits, use of mobile phones
and use of drugs and alcohol.
 Where construction activities are undertaken at operating
schools, vehicle movements will avoid school opening and
closing times when pupils are in transit.
 A School Construction GRM will be established to accept
any complaints related to vehicle movements to improve
road safety.
Occurrences of EMA 2004  Preparation of an emergency plan for attending  Contractor/ Local fundis
Emergencies OHSA 2003 emergencies that poses an immediate risk health, life,
property, or environment  Environmental Officers
 Installation of fire extinguisher and smoke detectors in the
school, dormitories and science labs.
 Training to treat emergencies
Cumulative Impacts Assessment and  Preparation of a Restoration plan to protect water sources Construction- the contractor
Management of and increases environmental education at schools. and the School Construction
Environmental and  Preparation of a Waste management plan to reduce Committee
Social Risks and pollution and increase school and surrounding public Operation- the new school and
Impacts and EMA 2004 health. students and teachers

30
The proposed secondary school shall be responsible for overall implementation of the ESMP and will establish an organizational structure
with clearly defined lines of authority, areas of responsibility and accountability. The summary of the key issues of the proposed construction
of the sewer pipe and toilets and their management are shown in the table below.

Air, Safety Buildings, Six months after Project none All physical Mara 4,000,00
Water hazards equipment decommissionin area structure/machiner Regional 0
and Soil left on site g y removed Secretariat,
Pollution
NEMC
DECOMMISSIONING

Solid Environmenta Solid waste Three months Project NA As original as Mara 500,000
wastes l pollution after decommissi area possible Regional
(scraps oning Secretariat
and other
debris
onsite)

31
APPENDIX I: LOCAL CONSENT

32