Knapsack problem

and Knapsac O
bag dith
We ane given' objects
has a weight wwheve iVavies
i Vavies from
from
Capacity M. 0jeet
t o N.
With t h help ot
help o+
The poblem istofi the bag

be maximum,
N Objects and -Lhe esulting profit has to

Algeith:

for i:: 1 to n do

for i =I to n do

if (wtij>u) bTeak;

x[i) = t.0; u= u-wti);

u/wtijs
if (ic=n) x(ij=

Eople
n=4 m=i5

5 6 8 3
profits
3
Weights

P/uw 5/5 6/ 8/4 /

5 1.6 3 G .5 3
 M M

X
 ~- - It
* 0 nonAc Pw!J?J-arr,m1r19 :- [ DP) ' ,,,
'#{; o strvfegj~ fi
I
. 1f de.t;VJrilYI'] algthfHf,rv, r.J~11rf, ,, , , ,
.
I, U_jed 0htn Prob!P ~ ,t ~"fJVYf1.t-1
.mCIJ/ b17wk1 dtJ//,Jr, '11 r:u 71 · J
G ,-.;r, 111/I

'Prob/em,
,* 7f iS -l.1jp1c.cdly applied lo D(Jtl1Y1i,30fion 7fuhlPrr1 ~,
'* Tn Such Prohlem fhqe cov1 be rYJ/JYl'j ~JltFllo n ~1 /IOl'f,
5o!ufiOVI haJ O volut J /_y /,AJt.. r,Ot)/! in fintl O ,':f.Jli/ft/.JJ/1

With th2 opl:imo.l t/oLuf-

:Jfc £1uY/f?_vf {S CWld Chap dP?Ji51.icJ _'?[ £JP:-

1. s;rnpl t! .5uhpr'obl.£m ;, ~Je Shoul d he ah/P m fu; 11of -II R

Ufj'9in.a I 'Prohl.lfYL! to .srro/1 Slh 'RJoblrYY7$ 1n~I hotJl

fhe .5'Jm e .str;uctU'Jl -
d. Optimal 5ub5!:ructui·Jt of 'Apbl2rn:· 7h2 opllrn a/
5otuffov, to the Hjohle1Y1 conta ln-1 JAJl!h'/n vpt;rna I
m
.YJI loVl t:o ii-s SI b Aph Itm,
3. ){)ut'/lopplng .'iih 'Aphttm :- 7neo/e ; Jt ii_t :;JYJP phI',3
Whqe ,,..;e. 5tiue the 5am, :»Dp)Jo6/PrYJ mtf7Jf ff10r1 Ow P,

* A lgo!fl-tlz_rvt__:,
/. C:::,pcfe'7i;Je. the Optim al Sul 5f7Jud u7!t _
:J • M w'3f71ivel'j delin e -th" ua/u e -ra-17 {I-oi o/fi ,"mo /
5dut-1on .
3, Compute the Uolue bi; w,Y'<'j f/,p l,.J ftorn-V(> t.'Jf-!Jwd.

· ud
lf, ( if nade:d) ( om h 7 0 1,1 c,f ...J;,-,-n / ,5°olul 71'M.
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1 flp.E/ica litil'1J :,
,___.,: Oj•>li~ ;;; ·13inflnJ Smrh b;w.
~ c 7// pai,75 5/Jo,pr!.t T?rl/1 i~;ohltm.
~· J
<:'-
'7-1.llt
"'
I lo· ,9 :..Xi!tJn v1-r1 f1 "lob ItJY7 .
": -:-)

--} '/o k1~1af>-5ark 'R-pble.rn.

➔ Mu/Ii 51-a.3e Gi;pph ·
* MutH 5 tag,e Gr1JJ[2h : ~ ·
A mutf; 5fage g1'Ph Gr= { v, f} i5 a di71t.c..ful graph tJhre.
VtJJttcu a:tr- Pa:po ntd into I< ( JA.lhqt J<. >t) numb~ Df
disjoint ~fud.S s = { s,, 51- ... .. s~} .5.Jch that edge ( u,, 0 t_$ ivt e,
ihtv1 v t's 1 al/1d ·v € .5;+, ~ _
&1mt. 5.JbJth in -the P~ i&?.

/ 5, / ~ /51< f = I
.l, .i,

5fru]{IV1J ·· { t;tc/lvtg
\/
one ve'(ft x
flf
7:1e Vl7ltll S € 5 1. i-5 called -th, _)ou'Yp and Llt !!"/ft1r. f ts"
t.5 Called 5lnk.
1, -) . !i ·(4 ~~ ',.
II ,
I • 18
9
5Q()rJl.e
0
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/(,
5 ... ,_ 2.

(3' 2-
~,
i
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5./tl9e I
A igontl·hrv1 Mulllslogt Grqpt (n,1<,P)
I
ro~t [n] = o.o ;
ftJ7J T-::n-= I To n
{
{os.t [i] ~ mi'n { c [r, r-J + Cl)Jt [iJ)
d [i) ='ii' ;
t
J
P[r] ~ I;
p [k] = Y1;
-fcq j := tl_ ttJ k - 1
P[j) =d [P(i~ij)
}

y 6 8

/0

V s A B
r '
C. D € T
~t 9 2 !;) 5 8
---- - -
J 0
D A €. D/£ E T
- - --
T T
-
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::: m;n ( (3 +&) , CG+1))
~ n 1u.rt (_ u, 8) ::: 8
C~t ( J ,B)= min ( c CB, D)+ wst.(31 0) 1 c..(B,s)+cmt (3, ~J)
::- n~tVl ( Lf·+8 i JO + '-)
-:: mJn ( r'- 1 t2.) ~ 1~,,:i_

Cosf c~, c_) -:: m /n (_ c.. CL1 E) +CDJt( 3/ t,)' c[c, 1) +cQJt(_ 41 T) .
~ min (Jt:)_,, IO+o)
:: rn ,rn [ 5-' to) ~ 5

cmt ( 1, s) "' mi ¥1. Cc_ c.sJ ti)+ c.oste 1-,A)}? t +-rs == CJ

1¥ll•'l (c_ CS1 B)+co.1-t('-,fi>~:;> .;2 + 1.:2 "' 111 =q
rAln (C ( s, c.) + rn~t (1., c..j)=!J> :/- +5 == IJ.

:. S~A ➔ f ➔ TJ
f
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pt<.1, o(j' '\/nh't c, )n Cl rliuc ~r-,-1 f\ \ rt.ph{ r.,, ,
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h P' ololr t Y) ( ~, ·l (\ ' I,· (.,, lh)IN
o._ rno l Y1 'I( t-: .slit h -l ht\\, AL(, j ) I..-i I h r I c I)\\~h o \ , k t>l ,
-- -l c ) t pa 4~ 1,-,ro ,-n f ~l o j-
1e t l,U -\: Cl K e (\ "( f) j) 'l'f p~e- Uf\ l -tn P \.c '''\Ill'\ <? ('

S ho·i t eJl- pa th 1von') (' foJ' ~ o \n1j -Hw ou1 h no vn lr x

tl' t index l)"<ea-l e, -t:-hl\.r) k, L,Oe o\ota in
p/{ r, n rLrnrn ~L'm \V)
=- Ak (i) k) ., F\k:. -t'.( ,D, ( (. i~f); 1
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1

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b--½f t ~ r- k-z \
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--.} =-- '.)__
0

f'r L1J 1-)-. rf)i n (,11 "c I rf ( I / l--) , c_( I, 2,1)

I I)-1-
~ r,)l n( o + 4 1 4) ~4
ft' L\12:J} '=' ml() Lr{c [/I) -1 ,t1_ v :i) I ( ( f I:,))
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: h'l~ n l::i -1 1, ;-.'\\ • :i
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~ rn, f) (_ ++ L, t ,)'J_. b,
t\ '1-L'l--/h r-nfn Ll'I' l1- /1-)4- 1•-i'( 111 ') J n' ( ~ 1 l'i)
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~ rY\1 f) l O +- 0) 0) ? V
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~ rn f n L::\-+ b/ ::>): ,.6
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~ m in l;} -1 o, --;i) ~ ·-1

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~ rt\ rn L-;l- .-\ "1 ) o. x:. u
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~ rrl n Lb--f j J bJ :.. b
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F\ 1-,

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l'f' l 'l,,_, "!:>) :'- m i' n LA'1--b--; ?>) + Pr:- (_2, /',) J ,/ LL J ~) )
()
-r:- m In L1---+- o1 2-,,) "J-, 1:--
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11~(:i ; 1,,J ,___ r-rJI n LA'l~ ;3 ) -t F\'~ '.l, 7 1,) ; ~ l ~, ,'.))
~ f()1rr l V +-+ , ~) ~-::I-
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9f/1 ,, uv1!v19.
r: Il l, lnvi
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d. , 5P lS rv1,{ho
rl

➔ ~,~/~ (So lu{l o.-1 , 11>rfo,1

)
i.e.1 x :; f ,, o, o. . . . }
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b u-t n o t h]cx c
l:iono I l/o lu t . &9
➔ mox_ 2. P;x, [5u1Yl {m , 1)
o f Prof-llS
➔ Li.3 ;Xi < m (Sum o f
:S h o u ld be
rYlo x lfY1u{V'l )
thei:>J 1Ale7JhL
< .'ihou lc/ bl1
O>J' eq_ua l -lo /1H -/h crn
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Pro9r~mr,1lvi9
is u;efu I fo ,1
51'l/11ln9
➔ opfl1Y?t3a i
D~nc, m i c fiopvro probte.rY .
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CM

Sa ~! t ha-/. -! I 11 P, o h le /'YI
be 5otued /y, 5eq_ uen ce o f S hou Id
dw"sfonJ .
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5 y 3 1Q
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v[t ,i,.:,J" rYJ OK { \/( i -1, w] ) v[i- 11 i-H J [ tJJ + P[i]J

V [Y / I J = 1110 )( { V [3 , ,] ) V [ 3 I I- 5 7 ~,b }
v C4 , 1] = n,o "- { LI C3, , ] , v [3, - LI] + 6 J-
'--- v-- -/
~ NO suct-i loca+lo111. in the tab {e
~ undeflv,.e.
\J [ ~ , I] = !Yl O ,< [ V [ 3 1 I]]

v [t.L1]= 0

CD g - G ::- d_ Cx'1)
'K. ,
® - {_ 'x.E)
0 0 @ d. ~ ()_ :=- o CX-2-)

P= { 1, '- , 5, b J
h5 = { 2- I 3, 4 / 5 J

x = o/1 '>L ==[ ,Jo)o} cry no t fnd ?u uf ble_ ·

W➔

p k)
t' ,-0 .. I . c'.2 . 3 " ~ -5 6 1- ~
8
1
0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D V o·
' 2 I 0 0 I
...
l 3 0
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5 ½
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G 5 - 5 5 t> 1 1-
'
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•
v [ i) 0] :: mo x [ v Ci - , , w) , v [i - , , i,0 - i0 c;J ~
PC iJ}
V ( L1 m0. ,< [ l / [ 3 1] / v L3 , 1 5] ,f t, }
1
1] :-.. 1 r

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:: (Y10 ')(_ { V ( 3, f] :.- 0
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ax { v (3
, 5] , v [ 3
, 5 - 5] +
~ « 1 0 ?f. { b)
51 Or/- 6} =- C,
v [ c.,' b J "
mo K { v [
3 ' •J , v [
3' . - 5J +
:: rYlCl){ { r, }
C: ,
1 o + b } ~G
v(LJ , iJ " rY!OX { V [3,
:t), v[3,
-:- N 1 0 K
V5J+ b}
\ / ( 4 , 8]
{ ::/ i ( +-b l -; _ 1--
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v [ 3, g - 5] + b ]
:- ,-y10X
{ 1 , :>.+6} :::
g

f). . 5 e t Met
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rYl d ? :.....-..-----
r

P :: f 1, ;, , 5, b}
!A) :: {;2 , 3,Lf, 5
}
[P,w)
5° ce- {l o,O) j f'\}o
~of/!: ,
NO J,Je1
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l
5° ~ er} 2 ) }
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1

(,) kJ (B , 8) t:. 5Y
IA) (8,8) f5 3
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(8-f , , g .--5) ➔ (2-,3)

@wC.2 13)
w (2-, 3) e -5 3 I
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W~ Know ~..e. KLy VG.lue.s o.f e_Qch n bde. tr) ~e_ -tce..e_ ' o.nd

Se.o.r:c.n ~~ a node. . -t-he_ c..c s t of-

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Ca.se :1 :-

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n ode. 0 ~ 3
®
( o,o) (r , r) (Ji~) (3 ,3)
Co.Je. - d. :-
i :: J. ( t vJo n ode1 or;e l:akt.//1 o1. o. tfme)

hode o
(0'1)
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f 1u!IF[.Jl'j irrlo frvl! IS

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to
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y d 6 -- d-Dci-J (Initraf If .ftnal ua!ut {o , :,_))

1
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· tt, <- oC t1 3
b
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