Topic : Numbers Set notation language

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1. 2, 3, 5, 9, 12, 15

From the set of numbers above, write down

(a) a multiple of 6,

(b) a prime factor of 27.

2. (a) Write down a common multiple of 6 and 8.

(b) Work out

5 3
 .
6 8

Give your answer as a fraction in its lowest terms.

You must show all your working.

3. Look at the sequence of numbers

7, 11, 15, 19,……….

(a) Write down the next number in the sequence.

(b) Find the 10th number in the sequence.

(c) Write an expression, in terms of n, for the nth number in the sequence.

4. n( ) = 21, n(A  B) = 19, n(A  B’ ) = 8 and n(A) = 12.

Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.

A nsw er
A B

....... ....... ....... .......

[3]

5.

P attern 1 P attern 2 P attern 3

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 The first three patterns in a sequence are shown above.

(a) Complete the table.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4

Number of dots 5

[1]

(b) Find a formula for the number of dots, d, in the nth pattern.
[1]

(c) Find the number of dots in the 60th pattern.

[1]

(d) Find the number of the pattern that has 89 dots.

6. Which one of the numbers below is not a rational number?

2 1
1
7, 3, 5, 2, 81
[1]

7. An integer n is such that 60 ≤ n ≤ 70.

Write down a value of n which is

(a) a prime number,

[1]

(b) a multiple of 9,
[1]

(c) a square number.

[1]

8. Write down the next term in each of the following sequences.

(a) 8.2, 6.2, 4.2, 2.2, 0.2, …

[1]

(b) 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, …

[1]

9. The diagram below shows a sequence of patterns made from dots and lines.

1 dot 2 d o ts 3 d o ts 4 d o ts

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (a) Draw the next pattern in the sequence in the space above.
[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) Complete the table for the numbers of dots and lines.

Dots 1 2 3 4 5 6

Lines 4 7 10
[2]

(c) How many lines are in the pattern with 99 dots?

[2]

(d) How many lines are in the pattern with n dots?

[2]

(e) Complete the following statement.

There are 85 lines in the pattern with ……………… dots.

[2]

10. All 24 students in a class are asked whether they like football and whether they like
basketball.
Some of the results are shown in the Venn diagram below.

F B
7 12 2

= {students in the class}.

F = {students who like football}.
B = {students who like basketball}.

(i) How many students like both sports?

[1]

(ii) How many students do not like either sport?

[1]

(iii) Write down the value of n(F  B).

[1]

(iv) Write down the value of n(F′  B).

[1

(v) A student from the class is selected at random.

What is the probability that this student likes basketball?
[1]

(iv) A student who likes football is selected at random.

What is the probability that this student likes basketball?
[1]

11. (a) Write down a number, other than 1, which is a factor of both 14 and 35.
[1]
1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE
 (b) Write down a number which is a multiple of both 14 and 35.
[1

12. Write down the next prime number after 89.

[1]

1 1 1
5 , 8 , 11 ,
13. For the sequence 2 7, 2 10, 2 ……..

(a) find an expression for the nth term,

[2]

(b) work out the 100th term.

14. n(A) = 18, n(B) = 11 and n(A  B)′ = 0.

(a) Label the Venn diagram to show the sets A and B where n(A  B) = 18.
Write down the number of elements in each region.

[2]

(b) Draw another Venn diagram to show the sets A and B where n(A  B) = 29.
Write down the number of elements in each region.

[2]

15.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3 D iag ram 4

The diagrams show a sequence of regular hexagons.

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 Sticks of equal length are used to make the hexagons.

(a) Complete the table for the number of sticks in each diagram.

Diagram 1 2 3 4 5

Sticks 6 11
[3]

(b) How many sticks are there in the 20th diagram [2]

(c) How many sticks are there in the nth diagram? [2]

(d) How many hexagons are there in a diagram which has 186 sticks?
[2]

16. The nth term of a sequence is given by n2 + 2.

Work out the 4th term.
[1]

17. For each of the following sequences, write down the next term.

(a) 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, …
[1]

(b) x6, 6x5, 30x4, 120x3, …

[1]

(c) 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, ...

[1]

18. (a) Shade the region A  B.

A B

[1]

(b) Shade the region (A  B)′.

A B

[1]

(c) Shade the complement of set B.

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 A B

[1]

19.

2
3 2 3 3.14 35 10 24 37 45 88

From the list of numbers above choose one that is

(i) an irrational number,

[1]

(ii) the cube root of 27,

[1]

(iii) a multiple of 9,
[1]

(iv) a prime number,

[1]

(v) a factor of 44,

[1]

(vi) the product of 6 and 4.

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

20. The diagram below shows a sequence of patterns made with small triangular tiles.

P attern
1 2 3 4
n u m b er

(i) Draw the next pattern in the sequence.

[1]

(ii) Complete the table below.

Pattern
1 2 3 4 5 6
number

Number of
1 4 9
tiles
[2]

(iii) How many tiles will be in the 100th pattern?

Answer (iii) …….……...…………….

[1]

(iv) How many tiles will be in the nth pattern?

Answer (iv) …………….…………….

[1]

(v) What is the special name given to the numbers in the second row of the table?

Answer (v) …….……….…………….

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

21. On the Venn diagrams shade the regions

(a) A′  C′,

A B C

[1]

(b) (A  C)  B.

A B C

[1]

22. Write down

(a) an irrational number,

Answer (a) ……………………..

[1]

(b) a prime number between 60 and 70.

Answer (b) ……………………..

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

23. Write down

(i) a common factor of 15 and 27, which is greater than 1,

Answer (i) ………..…………

[1]

(ii) a common multiple of 10 and 12.

Answer (ii) ………..…………

[1]

24. (i) Two of the factors of 2007 are square numbers. One of these is 1.

Find the other square number.

Answer (i) ……..…..…………

[1]

(ii) Write down the two factors of 2007 which are prime.

Answer (ii) ……… and ………

[2]

25. In the pattern below each diagram shows a letter E formed by joining dots.
D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3 D iag ram 4

(a) Draw the next letter E in the pattern.

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) Complete the table showing the number of dots in each letter E.

Diagram 1 2 3 4 5

Dots 8 15
[3]

(c) How many dots make up the letter E in

(i) Diagram 10,

Answer (c)(i) ……………………

[2]

(ii) Diagram n?

Answer (c)(ii) ……………………

[2]

(d) The letter E in Diagram n has 113 dots.

Write down an equation in n and use it to find the value of n.

Answer (d) n = …………………..

[3]

26.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3

The first three diagrams in a sequence are shown above.

The diagrams are made up of dots and lines. Each line is one centimetre long.

(a) Make a sketch of the next diagram in the sequence.

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) The table below shows some information about the diagrams.

Diagram 1 2 3 4 ----------- n

Area 1 4 9 16 ----------- x

Number of dots 4 9 16 p ----------- y

Number of one centimetre

4 12 24 q ----------- z
lines

(i) Write down the values of p and q.

[2]

(ii) Write down each of x, y and z in terms of n.

[4]

(c) The total number of one centimetre lines in the first n diagrams is given by the
expression

2 3
n  fn 2  gn.
3

10
f +g = .
(i) Use n = 1 in this expression to show that 3
[1]

32
4 f  2g  .
(ii) Use n = 2 in this expression to show that 3
[2]

(iii) Find the values of f and g.

[3]

(iv) Find the total number of one centimetre lines in the first 10 diagrams.
[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

27. A and B are sets.
Write the following sets in their simplest form.

(a) A  A'.

Answer (a) ……………………..

[1]

(b) A  A'.

Answer (b) ……………………..

[1]

(c) (A  B)  (A  B' ).

Answer (c) ……………………..

[1]

2
2
28. –4 –16 0.12 7 144 7 3

From this list of numbers, write down

(i) the smallest number,

Answer (i) …..………………

[1]

(ii) a natural number,

Answer (ii) …….……………

[1]

(iii) a square number,

Answer (iii) …………………

[1]

(iv) an irrational number.

Answer (iv) …………………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

29. Write down 40 as a product of prime numbers.
(1 is not a prime number.)

Answer 40 = …..……………
[2]

30. Three pairs of prime numbers have a sum of 40.

One pair is 3 and 37.

Find the other two pairs.

Answer …… and ……………

…… and ……………
[2]

31.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3 D iag ram 4 D iag ram 5

Look at the sequence of five diagrams above.

Diagram 1 has 2 dots and 1 line.
Diagram 2 has 6 dots and 7 lines.

The numbers of dots and lines in each of the diagrams are shown in the table below.

Diagram number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Number of dots 2 6 12 20 30

Number of lines 1 7 17 31 49

(a) Fill in the empty spaces in the table for Diagrams 6 and 7.
[4]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) How many dots are there in Diagram n?

Answer (b) ……………………..

[2]

(c) The number of lines in Diagram n is 2n2 – 1.

Which diagram has 287 lines?

Answer (c) ……………………..

[2]

32. The table shows some terms of several sequences.

Term 1 2 3 4 8

S eq u en ce P 7 5 3 1 p

S eq u en ce Q 1 8 27 64 q

1 2 3 4
S eq u en ce R r
2 3 4 5

S eq u en ce S 4 9 16 25 s

S eq u en ce T 1 3 9 27 t

S eq u en ce U 3 6 7 –2 u

(a) Find the values of p, q, r, s, t and u.

[6]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) Find the nth term of sequence

(i) P,
[1]

(ii) Q,
[1]

(iii) R,
[1]

(iv) S,
[1]

(v) T,
[1]

(vi) U.
[1]

(c) Which term in sequence P is equal to –777?

[2]

(d) Which term in sequence T is equal to 177 147?

[2]

33. 4 14 36 64 81 100

From the list above, write down

(a) a prime number,

Answer (a) ……….….…………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) a factor of 27,

Answer (b) ……….….…………

[1]

(c) a multiple of 4,

Answer (c) ……….….…………

[1]

(d) an irrational number.

Answer (d) ……….….…………

[1]

34.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3 D iag ram 4

Look at the sequence of diagrams above.

The number of dots in each diagram is given in the table below.

Diagram number 1 2 3 4

Number of dots 13 16 19 22

Find the number of dots in

(a) Diagram 5,

Answer (a) ……….….…………

[1]

(b) Diagram 11,

Answer (b) ……….….…………

[1]

(c) Diagram n.
1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE
 Answer (c) ……….….…………
[2]

35. Write down the next two prime numbers after 47.

Answer ….…..… and …..….…

[2]

36. (a) The formula for the nth term of the sequence

n(n 1)(2n 1)

.
1, 5, 14, 30, 55, 91, … is 6

Find the 20th term.

Answer (a) ……….….…………

[1]

(b) The nth term of the sequence 10, 17, 26, 37, 50, ... is (n + 2)2 + 1.

Write down the formula for the nth term of the sequence 17, 26, 37, 50, 65, …

Answer (b) ……….….…………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

37. = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,16} P = {2,3,5,7,11} S = {1,4,9,16} M = {3,6,9}

(a) Draw a Venn diagram to show this information.

[2]

(b) Write down the value of n(M ′  P).

Answer (b) ……….….…………

[1]

[1]

38. Write down the next two prime numbers after 53.

Answer …..….… and …..….…

[2]

39. (a) The formula for the nth term of the sequence

n(n 1)(2n 1)

.
1, 5, 14, 30, 55,91, … is 6

Find the 15th term.

Answer (a) ……….….…………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) The nth term of the sequence 17, 26, 37, 50, 65,... is (n + 3)2 + 1.

Write down the formula for the nth term of the sequence 26, 37, 50, 65, 82,…

Answer (b) ……….….…………

[1]

40. Write down a multiple of 4 and 14 which is less than 30.

Answer …..……….….…………
[1]

41. Write down a multiple of 9 and 12 which is less than 40.

Answer …………………………
[1]

42. The first three diagrams in a sequence are shown below.

Each diagram has one more trapezium added on the right.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3

(a) Complete the table which shows the number of lines and in each diagram.

Diagram 1 2 3 4

Number of lines 4 7

Number of dots 4 6
[2]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) Find the number of lines and dots in Diagram 10.

Answer (b) … lines and ….. dots

[2]

(c) For Diagram n, write down in terms of n, the number of

(i) lines,

Answer (c)(i) ………………………

[2]

(ii) dots.

Answer (c)(ii) ………………………

[2]

(d) Find the difference, in terms of n, between your answers to parts (c)(i) and (c)
(ii).
Simplify your answer.

Answer (d) ………….………………

[2]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

43. In a survey, 100 students are asked if they like basketball (B), football (F) and
swimming (S).

The Venn diagram shows the results.

F
B

25 q
20

17
12 p

8
r

42 students like swimming.

40 students like exactly one sport.

(a) Find the values of p, q and r.

[3]

(b) How many students like

(i) all three sports,

[1]

(ii) basketball and swimming but not football?

[1]

(c) Find

(i) n(B′ ),
[1]

(ii) n((B  F )  S ′ ).
[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (d) One student is chosen at random from the 100 students.
Find the probability that the student

(i) only likes swimming,

[1]

(ii) likes basketball but not swimming.

[1]

(e) Two students are chosen at random from those who like basketball.

Find the probability that they each like exactly one other sport.
[3]

44. (a) Find the lowest common multiple of 7 and 9.

Answer (a) …………………………

[1]

8 5
 ,
(b) Without using a calculator, work out 9 7 leaving your answer as a fraction.

You must show all your working.

Answer (b) ……….…………………

[2]

45. x is an integer between 60 and 90.

Write down the value of x when it is

(a) an odd square number,

Answer (a) x = ………………………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 (b) 4 3,

Answer (b) x = ………………………

[1]

(c) a multiple of 29,

Answer (c) x = ………………………

[1]

(d) a prime factor of 146.

Answer (d) x = ………………………

[1]

46. Shade the region required in each Venn Diagram.

A B A B

A ∩B C∩ A ∪ B'
[2]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

47. (a) The first four terms of a sequence are 12, 7, 2, –3.

(i) Write down the next two terms of the sequence.

Answer (a)(i) …..……and …………

[2]

(ii) State the rule for finding the next term of the sequence.

Answer (a)(ii) ………………………

[1]

(iii) Write down an expression for the nth term of this sequence.

Answer (a)(iii) ………………………

[2]

(b) The first four terms of another sequence are –3, 2, 7, 12.

Write down an expression for the nth term of this sequence.

Answer (b) ………………..…………

[2]

(c) Add together the expressions for the nth terms of both sequences.

Write your answer as simply as possible.

Answer (c) …………..………………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

48.

D iag ram 1 D iag ram 2 D iag ram 3 D iag ram 4

The first four terms in a sequence are 1, 3, 6 and 10.

They are shown by the number of dots in the four diagrams above.

(a) Write down the next four terms in the sequence.

Answer (a) ..…, ……, ……, ……

[2]

(b) (i) The sum of the two consecutive terms 3 and 6 is 9.

The sum of the two consecutive terms 6 and 10 is 16.

Complete the following statements using different pairs of terms.

The sum of the two consecutive terms ……..and …….is ……….

The sum of the two consecutive terms ……. and……..is ………..

[1]

(ii) What special name is given to these sums?

Answer (b)(ii) …………………

[1]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE

 n(n 1)
,
(e) (i) The formula for the nth term in the sequence 1, 3, 6, 10… is k

where k is an integer.

Find the value of k.

Answer (c)(i) k = ………………

[1]

(ii) Test your formula when n = 4, showing your working.

Answer (c)(ii) …….……………

[1]

(iii) Find the value of the 180th term in the sequence.

Answer (c)(iii) …………………

[1]

(d) (i) Show clearly that the sum of the nth and the (n + 1)th terms is (n + 1)2.

Answer (d)(i) ………..…………

[3]

(ii) Find the values of the two consecutive terms which have a sum of 3481.

Answer (d)(ii) ….… and ………

[2]

1. Number Set notation language / IGCSE