fa DETACHABLE

ENGLISH
(COMPULSORY)

Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks :300

QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions.
All questions are to be attempted.

The number of marks carried by a question is indicated against it.

Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.

Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in much
longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks will be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be clearly
struck off.
 1, Write a cssay in about 600 words on any one of the following topics : 100

(a) Paper books arc more attractive than their clectronic formats.
(b) Ethics in sports.

(C) War as a policy instrument for nations today.

() There is no place like home.

12 Readcarefully the passage given below and write your answers to the questions that
follow in clear, correct and concise language : 15x5=75

British rule in India was a relationship ofeconomic and political domination

between an imperial power and its colony It was based on conquest, consolidated
after several wars and followed economic policies designed to serveBritish interests.
Both the parties knew it was(unequal, exploitative and based on force.JAs such it
rjsed moral questions and needed justification. Their self-respect, sense of morality
and moralc required the British to convince themselves that they were right to rule
over India. In order to ensure its orderly]and continued existence and secure the
co-operation and support of the Indians without whom they simply could not run the
country, they also needed to convinçe their subjects that British ule was in their
'real' interest. It was, of course, possible for them to justify it to themselves in one
way and to their subjects /n another. However, they knew that such a strategy was
open to thc charge of inconsistency, even hypocrisy, and inherently precarious.
In order to achieve the dual objective of justifying their rule to themselves and their
subjects in asingle and consistent language, the British needed to show that they had
something to give to the Indians which the latter badly needed, were unable to
acquire unaided and was so precious as to compensate for whatever economic and
political price they were required to pay. The logic of justification required aperfect
match between British gifts and Indian necds, the British strength and the Indian
deficiency. Following the fashion of the time the British wrapped their gifts in the
language of civilisation, which had latterly replaced Christianity as the unifying
principle in Europe, taken over its universalist and proselytising mission and built
up an ambig°ous and umneasy relationship with it. Although modern civilisation was
a co-operative Europcan product, the British role in its creation and dissemination
was considerable. They were one of the first to industrialise themselves, more or less
to recast their religion, ways of life and thought and major political, economic and
other institutions in the light of the dominant liberal culture and to roam all over the
world as if possessed by its inherently restless and universal spirit. They claimed to
('represent) or (cmbody') it to a greater degree than any other country and saw
themselves as its transcendentally or historically accredited 'vehicle'.

2
 Since their civilisation had in their view attained the highest possibie level of human
eXistence and cultivated capacities which all men qua men ought tÍ develop, they
had no doubt that it was universally desirable. All societies had a common destiny
and destination, namely to become civilised in the British way and were to achieve
this destiny by the same route. Hence the more 'advanced' among them, that is, th0se
whose journey had brought them closer to the universal destination, provided the
models for and had themoral dutyto guide those who had not yet started, became
stuck, were proceeding in a wrong direction or at an extremely slow pace. ne
British could not show that they represented the highest level of civilisation without
so defining it that it broadly corresponded to their own ways of life and thought.
Like all ideological systems they abstracted, reified and absolutised the distinctive
features of their ways of lifeand thought and presented them as a universal norm for
evaluating all societies, including their own. Their facts became values for others, an
illicit logical move lying at the heart of every ideology. Other societies were
therefore always deficient whereas the British was necessarily more or less pertect.
The Britishargued that they had brought to India the(unique land kost preciousgift
of civilisation Since this civilisation was deemed tobe universally desirable, India
obviously needed it. AIlthey had to do was show that India lacked it and was unable
to acquire it unaided. Unlike some of the other British colonies India had a well
developed literati tradition, a long history of civic ife and consjderable
philosophical, artistic, scientific and other achievements. Since these were supposed
to be some of the indices of civilisation, obviously it could not be contemptuously
dismissed as uncivilised. Some British writers and leaders didso dismiss it; most,
however, acknowledged its great achievements, but contended that they were all in
the past and did not redeem its contemporary degeneration. Its social structure and
practices were oppressive, unjust and sometimes inhuman; its religions were
incomprehensible, replete with meaningless rituals, polytheist, lacking a single
authoritative text, and not really religions in the 'proper' sense of the term; its modes
of thought were 'mystical and mythological" and largely irrational; and its people
were emotional, excitable, undisciplined, unambitious, lacking in self-control,
unreliable and very like women and children. The British view of India did, of
course, change over time, largely as a result of their increased knowledge of its past
and the changes in their conceptions of themselves and the yardsticks they
employed. Throughout their rule, however, they continued to think of it as neither
wholly uncivilised nor fully civilised but 'semi-civilised' or 'only half-civilised', and
of the Indians as a moderately talented people who needed to be disciplined, guided
and trained in the ways of civilisation.
(a) Enumerate the agenda of the British rule in India.
l8 Comment on the role of the British in spreading the idea of modern civilization.
(c Explain the statement ". their civilization, in their view attained the highest
99

possible level of human existence ...."

3 PHKM-G-ENG
 a) what madethe Britishthink that they gave India a precious gift of civilization ?
views about India ove
cie) According to the passage, the British changed their
period of time. Why ?

its length. Do not i..

Make aprécis of the following passage in about one-third of
Or suggest a title to it. The précis should be written in
your own words: 75

Ihe mad rat race among nations over the globe for development jeopardised the
health of man itself. Progress in agriculture and industry is taken a gerneral criterion
of development of any country. This craze resulted into unlimited exploitation of
every bit of natural resource. The splendid plentifulness of nature 1S a heritage that
should be conserved for future generations and not be spoiled.
Such activities of man had adverse effect on all forms of living organisms in the
biosphere. The earth planet alongwith the atnosphere (air, land, water) that sustains
life is called the biosphere. Biosphere extends into about 7 km of the earth surface
itself, downward intothe ocean to depths of about l0-67 km and vertically into the
air to about 10 km, where life is found to exist.

Unlimited exploitation of nature by man disturbed the delicate ecological balance

between living and non-living component of the biosphere. The unfavorable
conditions created byman himself threatened the survival not only of man himself
but also other living organisms. The number of the species likely to become rare,
threatened, endangered or near extinction in the Red Data Book of the IUCN is
increasing with time. It is very common to find warnings at public places, reading
as Air unfit for breathing", "Water unfit for drinking", "Do not eat fish caught here"
and sO on.

India today is one of the first ten industrialised countries of the world. Today we
have a good industrial infrastructure in core industries like metals, chemicals,
fertiliserS, petroleum, food etc. What has come out of these ? Pesticides, detergents,
plastics, solvents, fuels, paints, dyes, food additives etc. are some examples. Due to
progress in atomic energy, there has also been an increase in radioactivity in the
biosphere. Besides these, there are a number of industrial effluents and emissions
particularly poisonous gases in the atmosphere. Mining activities also added to this
problem particularly as solid waste.

Thus, poliution is a necessary evil of all development. Due to lack of development

of a culture of pollution control, there has resulted a heavy backlog of gaseous,
liquid and solid pollution in our country. It is to be cleaned. Thus pollution control
in our country is a recent environmental concern. Not only in India, but in developed
Western World also, pollution is a scare-word. Pollution is a man-made problem,
mainly of effluent countries. The developed countries have been in a mad race to
PHKM-G-ENG 4
 exploit every bit of natural resource to Convert them into goods for their comfort,
and to export them to needy developing world. In doing so, the industrialised
countries dump lot of materials in their polluted. In one
environment which becomes
way pollution has been in fact exDorted" to developing countries.

Wuat 1s Pollution ? Pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemtea o

DiO10gical characteristics of air. water and soil that may harmfully affect the lie Or
thus direct or
eate a potential health hazard of any living oreanism. Pollution is
harmful to the hvng
marect change in any component of the biosphere that is adversely the
COmponent(s), and in particular undesirable for man, affecting
ndustrial progress, cultural and natural assets or general environment.
causes pollution is called a pollutant.
What are pollutants ? Anysubstance which
pollutant may thus include any chemical or geochemical (dust, sediment, grit etc.)
A physical factor (heat) that is released
Substance, biotic component or its product, or
such a concentration that may have
intentionally by man into the environment in
pollutant has also been defined as "any
adverse harmful or unpleasant effects. A concentration as may be or tend
present in such
Solid, lhquid or gaseous substance Pollutants are the residues of things we make,
to bc injurious to the environment". such pollutants. The lakes and rivers
There are many sources of
use and throw away. other factories, and the air by gases of
wastes from chemical and
arc polluted by plants etc.
automobile exhausts, industries, themal power
turning
grown up a serious concem all over the world about the rivers
Therc has
rotting on sea shores, trees withering, cities choking with foul air, toxic
murky, fish epidemics appearing so
chemicals being cycled into food stuffs and disease(697 words approximately)
frequently.
necessary corrections. Do not make
Rewrite the following sentences after making 1x10=10
unnecessary changes in the original sentence.
4.(a)(i) Little learning is dangerous thing.
me leave.
4.(a)(ii) You are requested to kindly grant
l should do.
4.(a)(ii) Could you please advised me what
4.(a)(iv) Ienvied he his success.
work, they will work better.
4.(a)(v) If people feel good of coming to
4.(a)(1) How teribly sad ?
of Erope. (Add a question tag)
4.(a)( vi) Spanish is more widely used outside
in the village hall.
4.(a)(vi) He played the piano one night
succumbed to this temptation.
4.(a)\ix), Many a men has
she'd go to university.
4.(a)%)Mf she gets the right grades,
PHKM-G-ENG
IINII"ULINU
 1x5=5
Supply the missing words :
4.(b))Don't walk the grass.

4.(b)(i} lived in Uttarakhand five years.

4.(b)i) He stood tall all his friends in the college.
4.(b)(i1) The cat jumped the well to escape from the dog.
4.(6)(v) She walked the forest to reach her village.

4.(c) Use the correct form of the verb given in brackets : 1x5=5

4.(c)(Y Two plus two four. (make)

4.(c)(ii) We necd rain, the garden SO dry. (be)

4.()(ii) She with a baby girl last week. (bless, passive voice)
4tc)(iv) Ijust even talking to him. (bear)
you just shut up for a minute ! (can)

444) Write the antonyms of the following : 1x5=5

4.(d)9 Optimist
Gali

.(Eii) Zest
.(d(iv) Profit
4(d)(v) Quick

5.2) Rewrite the following sentences as directed without changing the

meaning:
1x10=10
5.(a)()The mangoes are too cheap to be good. (Remove too')
eiMi The French surrendered Quebec to the English in
1759. (Change the Voice)
Elo)H Mumbai is richer than most
other cities in India. (Use
superlative degree)
s(a)(i What though we happen to be late? (Change to Assertive)
PHKM-G-ENG 6
5.(a)(v) He betrayed his country, and this was to his
séntence) eternal disgrace. (Changeto simple

5.(a)(vi)ASpent two days in Cox's Bazar. It is one of the mostattractive spots in

ba3
(Combine by using a phrase in opposition)
5.(a)v1) The soldicrs arrived. The mob dispersed. (Combine by using a Nominative ADSolut
Construction)
5.((Yim) Newton discovered that the force of gravitation made apples fal. (Sequenv
Tenses)
5.(a)(ix) Rama said to Arjuna, 'Go away'. (Use indirect speech)
5.(a))x} Everyone should do his duty. (Concord)

5(6) Use the following words to make sentences that bring out the meaning clearly. Do
not change the form of the words. (No marks will be given for vague andambiguous
1x5=5
sentences)

5.(b)(1) Speculate
5.(b)() Anquisitive
5.(b)Y Forbearance
5.bXi Nocturnal
5.b)Ineffectually

Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blanks : 1x5=5

5e)
5,(c)() The terrorists made it known that tourists would be (target/ targeted)

5.(c)(ii) I'll see you six. (round/around)

5.(c)(i) How much would it cost to re-lay the lawns? It'll cost
(thousand/thousands)

5..c)(iv) She was forced to have her baby (adopted/adapted)

Sexv) My responsibilitics were to organise the campaign, co-ordinate the regional branches,
for volunteers, and raise funds. (canvas/canvass)

PHKM-G-ENG
 Use the following idioms/phrases in sentences of your own to bring out their
meaning clearly. lx5=5
5áYGY knock off
5.(d)(1i) bite off more than one can chew
5.(d)(üiY fair and square
5.(dY(w by the skin of your teeth
5.(d)(v)easier said than done

PHKM-G-ENG