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Generation of Human Rights

Rights are justified claims recognized by society and the state, essential for individual development. They are categorized into natural, civil, political, economic, social, and legal rights, with human rights being universal and inherent to all individuals. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines various rights grouped into families, and human rights are further classified into three generations based on the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity.

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7 views24 pages

Generation of Human Rights

Rights are justified claims recognized by society and the state, essential for individual development. They are categorized into natural, civil, political, economic, social, and legal rights, with human rights being universal and inherent to all individuals. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines various rights grouped into families, and human rights are further classified into three generations based on the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity.

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sthapakdeepansh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RIGHTS

❖Rights are justified claim which are accepted


by the society as well as state and they are
required for the development of the personality
of an individual.
❖In another word right is to get one’s due, i.e.
to get what is due to someone as a human,
citizen, individual or as a member of a group.
❖Rights are dynamic in nature .
KINDS OF RIGHTS
• Natural rights- Right to life, liberty and property.
• Civil rights- Civil rights are related to the protection of
individual freedom so that the individual can lead a good
and dignified life and to develop personality. For example-
right to life, property, right to privacy, right to education,
right to religion, right to form family, right against inhuman
condition, freedom from slavery etc.
• Political rights- Political rights help the individual to
participate in the decision making process of the
government . For example- right to vote, right to form the
government, right to criticize the government, right to form
political party, right to contest in the election etc.
KINDS OF RIGHTS
• Economic rights- Economic rights help the individual to
fulfill the basic needs such as food, cloth and shelter. Civil
and political rights are meaningless without the economic
rights. For example- right to work, right to minimum proper
wage for work, right to rest, equal pay for equal work, right
to social security, right to a safe environment etc.
• Social rights- Equal respect and opportunity to all
irrespective of race, caste, gender, religion etc is called
social rights. For example- right to use public property, right
to enter temple etc.
• Legal rights- the rights which are legally recognized and
implemented by the state are called as legal rights.
HUMAN RIGHTS
➢ Human rights are those which are enjoyed by the people by virtue
of being a human.
➢ All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They
are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one
another in a spirit of brotherhood and therefore posses equal rights.
➢ Human rights are enjoyed by the people irrespective of their caste,
class, place of birth, religion, gender, race etc.
➢ Human rights are international moral and legal norms that aspire to
protect all people everywhere from severe political, legal and social
abuses.
➢ Examples of human rights are the right to freedom of religion, the
right to a fair trial when charged with a crime, the right not to be
tortured and the right to engage in political activity.
➢ Human rights are universal, inalienable, Indivisible and interrelated,
inherent, enforceable.
➢ Only moral based duty system can accommodate human right
UDHR
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) sets out a
list of over two dozen specific human rights that countries
should respect and protect. We may group these specific rights
into six or more families:
(i) security rights that protect people against crimes such as
murder, massacre, torture and rape;
(ii) liberty rights that protect freedom in areas such as belief,
expression, association, assembly and movement;
(iii) political rights that protect the liberty to participate in
politics through actions such as communicating,
assembling, protesting, voting and serving in public office;
(iv) due process rights that protect against abuses of the legal
system such as imprisonment without trial, secret trials and
excessive punishments;
(v) equality rights that guarantee equal citizenship,
equality before the law and non discrimination; and
(vi) welfare rights (or ‘economic and social rights’)
that require the provision of education to all children
and protections against severe poverty and
starvation.
Another rights is group rights. The UDHR does not
include group rights, but subsequent treaties do this.
Group rights include the protection of ethnic groups
against genocide and the ownership by countries of
their national territories and resources
THREE GENERATIONS OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
➢In 1970s Karel Vasak offered the concept of the
three generations of rights.
➢He classified human rights into three generations
on the basis of the idea of French revolution i.e.
liberty, equality and fraternity.
1. First generation- civil and political rights.(liberty)
2. Second generation- economic and social
rights.(equality)
3. Third generation- cultural and environmental
rights.(fraternity

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