NASCA STEAM Education Programme

SFS AY 24-25
Question Bank
Grade - 8

Domain: Electronics
1.In the following code for an LCD display, what will be displayed on the screen?
#include <LiquidCrystal.h> Options:
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2); a) The LCD will display "Hello," on the first row and
"Arduino World!" on the second row.
void setup() { b) The LCD will show "Hello, Arduino" only on the first
lcd.begin(16, 2); row.
lcd.print("Hello,"); c) The display will continuously clear and reprint the
lcd.setCursor(0, 1); message.
lcd.print("Arduino World!"); d) The LCD will display "Hello," on both rows.
}
void loop() {} Answer:
a) The LCD will display "Hello," on the first row and
"Arduino World!" on the second row.

2.In the code snippet below, what happens when the correct password "1234" is entered on a
4x4 keypad?
#include <Keypad.h> void setup() {
#include <Servo.h> Serial.begin(9600);
myServo.attach(10);
Servo myServo; }
const byte ROWS = 4;
const byte COLS = 4; void loop() {
char keys[ROWS][COLS] = { char key = keypad.getKey();
{'1','2','3','A'}, if (key) {
{'4','5','6','B'}, input += key;
{'7','8','9','C'}, if (input == password) {
{'*','0','#','D'} myServo.write(90); // Unlocks door
}; delay(2000);
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {9, 8, 7, 6}; myServo.write(0); // Locks door after delay
byte colPins[COLS] = {5, 4, 3, 2}; input = "";
Keypad keypad = } else if (input.length() >= 4) {
Keypad(makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, input = ""; // Reset on wrong input
colPins, ROWS, COLS); }
String password = "1234"; }
String input = ""; }

Options:
a) The servo will rotate 90° if the entered password matches "1234", unlocking the door briefly
 before locking again.
b) The servo rotates continuously to 90° regardless of the entered password.
c) The servo will only move to 0° and not unlock the door.
d) The code locks the servo at 45°.

Answer:
a) The servo will rotate 90° if the entered password matches "1234", unlocking the door briefly
before locking again

3.What will happen in the following code that uses a soil moisture sensor and relay to control a
pump for plant watering?
int sensorPin = A0; Options:
int relayPin = 8; a) The pump will run continuously, regardless of soil
int moistureLevel = 0; moisture.
int threshold = 500; b) The pump will activate only when soil moisture is
above 500.
void setup() { c) The pump will turn on when soil moisture is below the
pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT); threshold and turn off when it is above.
Serial.begin(9600); d) The pump will turn on only for the first reading and
} remain off afterward.

void loop() { Answer:

moistureLevel = c) The pump will turn on when soil moisture is below the
analogRead(sensorPin); threshold and turn off when it is above.
Serial.print("Moisture Level: ");
Serial.println(moistureLevel);

if (moistureLevel < threshold) {

digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); //
Activate pump
} else {
digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); //
Deactivate pump
}
delay(1000);
}

4.What does the following code do with an LM35 temperature sensor connected to an Arduino,
and what values does it display on the Serial Monitor?
int tempPin = A0; Options:
float voltage, temperature; a) It displays the temperature in Celsius calculated by
converting the analog reading from the LM35 sensor.
void setup() { b) It displays voltage only without converting it to
Serial.begin(9600); temperature.
} c) The Serial Monitor displays "Temperature" but shows
void loop() { no numerical value.
 int reading = d) The Serial Monitor will show temperature in
analogRead(tempPin); Fahrenheit.
voltage = reading * (5.0 / 1023.0);
temperature = voltage * 100; Answer:
Serial.print("Temperature: "); a) It displays the temperature in Celsius calculated by
Serial.print(temperature); converting the analog reading from the LM35 sensor.
Serial.println(" C");
delay(1000);
}
.

5.In this code, what happens to the fan when the DHT11 sensor measures a temperature above
30°C?
#include <DHT.h> Options:
#define DHTPIN 2 a) The fan will turn on when the temperature exceeds
#define DHTTYPE DHT11 30°C and will turn off when below 30°C.
#define fanPin 3 b) The fan will remain on continuously.
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE); c) The fan turns on only when the temperature is below
30°C.
void setup() { d) The fan operates randomly regardless of
pinMode(fanPin, OUTPUT); temperature.
dht.begin();
Serial.begin(9600); Answer:
} a) The fan will turn on when the temperature exceeds
void loop() { 30°C and will turn off when below 30°C.
float temp =
dht.readTemperature();
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.println(temp);

if (temp > 30) {

digitalWrite(fanPin, HIGH); //
Turn fan ON
} else {
digitalWrite(fanPin, LOW); //
Turn fan OFF
}
delay(2000);
}

6.Which of the following best describes the characteristics of the DHT11 temperature and
humidity sensor?
Options:
a) The DHT11 operates on a voltage range between 5V to 9V.
b) It can measure humidity levels up to 100% RH.
c) The sensor has a response time of 2 seconds and provides output in digital format.
d) It operates exclusively using the I2C communication protocol.
Answer:
c) The sensor has a response time of 2 seconds and provides output in digital format.

7.If you want to connect a 4x4 matrix keypad to an Arduino, how many digital pins are typically
required?
Options:
a) 2
b) 4
c) 8
d) 16
Answer:
c) 8

8.On the Arduino UNO, which of the following pin ranges can be used for PWM (Pulse Width
Modulation) signals?
Options:
a) Digital pins 0 to 7
b) Digital pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11
c) Analog pins A0 to A5
d) Only the power pins
Answer:
b) Digital pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11

9.What is the typical pulse width range in microseconds required to control the position of a
standard 180° servo motor?
Options:
a) 400-1200 µs
b) 500-2500 µs
c) 1000-2000 µs
d) 800-1600 µs
Answer:
c) 1000-2000 µs

10.Which pins are typically used on the Arduino UNO to communicate with an I2C LCD display?
Options:
a) Pins 1 and 2
b) Pins 4 and 5
c) Pins A4 and A5
d) Pins D2 and D3
Answer:
c) Pins A4 and A5

11To which pin on the DHT11 sensor is the data typically read from, and how is it usually
connected to the Arduino?
Options:
a) Pin 3 of the sensor, connected to an analog pin on Arduino
b) Pin 2 of the sensor, connected to a digital pin on Arduino
c) Pin 1 of the sensor, connected to ground
d) Pin 4 of the sensor, connected to 5V
Answer:
b) Pin 2 of the sensor, connected to a digital pin on Arduino
12.What does the function keypad.getKey() return when a key is pressed on a 4x4 keypad?
Options:
a) A boolean indicating whether a key was pressed
b) An integer representing the ASCII value of the key
c) A character representing the key pressed
d) An array of all keys pressed
Answer:
c) A character representing the key pressed

13.What is the purpose of the servo.write() function in controlling a servo motor?

Options:
a) It reads the position of the servo motor.
b) It rotates the servo motor to a specific angle.
c) It writes data to the EEPROM to remember the servo position.
d) It sets the PWM frequency for the servo motor.
Answer:
b) It rotates the servo motor to a specific angle.

14.What does the dht.readTemperature() function return in an Arduino program?

Options:
a) Temperature in Fahrenheit only
b) Temperature in Celsius by default
c) Humidity percentage
d) A boolean indicating the sensor status
Answer:
b) Temperature in Celsius by default

15.What is the return value range of the analogRead() function on the Arduino UNO when
reading from an analog pin?
Options:
a) 0 to 5
b) 0 to 1023
c) -512 to 511
d) 0 to 255
Answer:
b) 0 to 1023

15.When using a standard 16x2 LCD display in 4-bit mode, how many data pins are connected
to the Arduino?
Options:
a) 4 pins
b) 6 pins
c) 8 pins
d) 10 pins
Answer:
a) 4 pins
16.What is the standard operating voltage and power consumption of the DHT11 sensor?
Options:
a) 12V and 0.5W
b) 5V and 2.5mA
c) 3.3V and 20mA
d) 9V and 15mA
Answer:
b) 5V and 2.5mA

17.A 4x4 keypad has how many rows and columns, and what is its typical configuration for
digital input?
Options:
a) 4 rows and 4 columns, connected directly to Arduino analog pins
b) 4 rows and 4 columns, connected directly to Arduino digital pins
c) 4 rows and 8 columns, connected via multiplexing
d) 8 rows and 4 columns, connected through an I2C expander
Answer:
b) 4 rows and 4 columns, connected directly to Arduino digital pins

18.What is the standard wiring configuration for connecting a servo motor to an Arduino?
Options:
a) PWM pin to digital pin, VCC to ground, signal pin to analog input
b) Signal pin to PWM-capable digital pin, VCC to 5V, ground to ground
c) Analog pin to 3.3V, ground to digital pin 0, signal to A0
d) Ground to PWM pin, signal to 9V, VCC to analog output
Answer:
b) Signal pin to PWM-capable digital pin, VCC to 5V, ground to ground

19.In an Arduino program, what does the function lcd.setCursor(5, 1) do on a 16x2 LCD
display?
Options:
a) Sets the cursor to the fifth row and first column.
b) Sets the cursor to the fifth column and first row.
c) Sets the cursor to the sixth column and second row.
d) Sets the cursor to the sixth row and first column.
Answer:
c) Sets the cursor to the sixth column and second row.

20.When connecting a DHT11 sensor to an Arduino, which pin configuration is correct for
reading temperature and humidity data?
Options:
a) Pin 1 to ground, Pin 2 to digital input, Pin 3 to VCC
b) Pin 1 to VCC, Pin 2 to digital input, Pin 4 to ground
c) Pin 2 to analog input, Pin 3 to ground, Pin 4 to VCC
d) Pin 1 to VCC, Pin 3 to digital input, Pin 4 to ground
Answer:
b) Pin 1 to VCC, Pin 2 to digital input, Pin 4 to ground
21.How are the rows and columns of a 4x4 matrix keypad typically mapped to an Arduino for
efficient input reading?
Options:
a) Rows to analog pins, columns to PWM pins
b) Rows and columns to digital pins, requiring a total of 8 pins
c) Rows to ground, columns to power, requiring 6 pins
d) All rows and columns are connected to one digital pin
Answer:
b) Rows and columns to digital pins, requiring a total of 8 pins

22.To change the I2C address of an I2C LCD display module, what hardware modification is
typically required?
Options:
a) Re-soldering the SDA and SCL pins
b) Changing the A0, A1, and A2 jumper pads
c) Modifying the VCC and GND connections
d) Reprogramming the LCD’s onboard EEPROM
Answer:
b) Changing the A0, A1, and A2 jumper pads

23.What is the maximum current that a single digital pin on the Arduino UNO can safely
provide?
Options:
a) 5 mA
b) 20 mA
c) 40 mA
d) 100 mA
Answer:
c) 40 mA

24.To control a standard 180° servo motor, where is the control (signal) wire typically connected
on the Arduino?
Options:
a) Analog pins
b) Any digital pin with PWM capability
c) Only on digital pin 0
d) Directly to 5V
Answer:
b) Any digital pin with PWM capability

25.What is the recommended delay between successive readings from the DHT11 sensor to
ensure accurate data?
Options:
a) 100 ms
b) 1 second
c) 2 seconds
d) 5 seconds
Answer:
c) 2 seconds

26.In an Arduino program, the function analogWrite(pin, value); is used to set the PWM output.
What value range can the value parameter accept?
Options:
a) 0 to 5
b) 0 to 100
c) 0 to 1023
d) 0 to 255
Answer:
d) 0 to 255

27.If digitalWrite(8, HIGH); is used in an Arduino program, what will digitalRead(8); return
immediately after, assuming no external connection on pin 8?
Options:
a) It will always return LOW
b) It will return HIGH
c) It will produce an error because it’s an output
d) It returns a random value due to floating state
Answer:
b) It will return HIGH

28.How does the map(value, fromLow, fromHigh, toLow, toHigh); function work in an Arduino
program?
Options:
a) It scales the value within the range from toLow to toHigh based on the range from fromLow to
fromHigh.
b) It performs a logarithmic transformation of value.
c) It maps a digital reading to an analog output range.
d) It only works with PWM outputs.
Answer:
a) It scales the value within the range from toLow to toHigh based on the range from fromLow to
fromHigh.

29.In an Arduino program, the millis() function is often used instead of delay(). Why is millis()
preferred for timing purposes in complex programs?
Options:
a) millis() allows for precise microsecond-level delays
b) millis() can create blocking delays, halting other code execution
c) millis() allows timing without halting other code execution, enabling multitasking
d) millis() resets after every loop, making timing simpler
Answer:
c) millis() allows timing without halting other code execution, enabling multitasking

30.n a project using a servo motor, the function servo.write(angle); is used to control the position
of the servo. What angle range should be provided to servo.write() for typical operation of a
standard 180° servo motor?
Options:
a) 0 to 180 degrees
b) 0 to 90 degrees
c) -90 to 90 degrees
d) 0 to 360 degrees
Answer:
a) 0 to 180 degrees

31.In the setup of an I2C LCD display, the function lcd.begin(columns, rows); initializes the
display with specified dimensions. What parameters would you use to initialize a standard 16x2
LCD?
Options:
a) lcd.begin(8, 2);
b) lcd.begin(2, 16);
c) lcd.begin(16, 2);
d) lcd.begin(32, 2);
Answer:
c) lcd.begin(16, 2);

32.The pulseIn(pin, value); function is commonly used with ultrasonic sensors to measure the
time taken for a pulse. What does the value parameter represent in this function?
Options:
a) The expected pulse frequency
b) The direction of the pulse (HIGH or LOW)
c) The delay between pulses
d) The maximum pulse width
Answer:
b) The direction of the pulse (HIGH or LOW)

33.When using the analogRead(pin); function in an Arduino program, what is the default
resolution of the output values?
Options:
a) 8-bit, providing values from 0 to 255
b) 10-bit, providing values from 0 to 1023
c) 12-bit, providing values from 0 to 4095
d) 16-bit, providing values from 0 to 65535
Answer:
b) 10-bit, providing values from 0 to 1023

34.In an Arduino program, the function randomSeed(seed); is used to initialize the

pseudo-random number generator. Why is it important to use randomSeed(analogRead(pin));
instead of a fixed seed value?
Options:
a) It sets a unique initial seed for true randomness
b) It increases the speed of random number generation
c) It reduces the need for analog pins in the code
d) It guarantees the same sequence of numbers in each run
Answer:
a) It sets a unique initial seed for true randomness

35.When measuring voltage across a component in a circuit, how should a voltmeter be

connected?
Options:
a) In parallel with the component
b) In series with the component
c) In parallel with the power source only
d) In series with the power source only
Answer:
a) In parallel with the component

36.To measure the current flowing through a specific component in a circuit mesh, how should
an ammeter be connected?
Options:
a) In parallel with the component
b) In series with the component
c) Across the power source
d) Across any resistor in the circuit

Answer:
b) In series with the component

37.What characteristic should an ideal ammeter have in terms of resistance to avoid affecting
the circuit?
Options:
a) High resistance to reduce current
b) Low resistance to minimize voltage drop
c) Infinite resistance to prevent current flow
d) Variable resistance to adjust current
Answer:
b) Low resistance to minimize voltage drop

38.What is the ideal resistance of a voltmeter to ensure accurate voltage measurement without
disturbing the circuit?
Options:
a) High resistance, so it doesn’t draw current
b) Low resistance, to draw more current
c) Zero resistance, to allow free current flow
d) Variable resistance, to match the circuit’s resistance
Answer:
a) High resistance, so it doesn’t draw current

39.If a 10 Ω resistor and a 20 Ω resistor are in series in a circuit with a 15V battery, what is the
voltage drop across the 20 Ω resistor?
Options:
a) 5V
b) 10V
c) 15V
d) 20V
Answer:b)10V
(Explanation): Voltage drop across 20 Ω = (20/(10+20))×15V=10

40.In a parallel circuit with a 10 Ω resistor and a 20 Ω resistor connected to a 12V power supply,
what fraction of the total current flows through the 10 Ω resistor?
Options:
a) 1/3 of the total current
b) 2/3 of the total current
c) 1/2 of the total current
d) All of the total current
Answer:
b) 2/3 of the total current
(Explanation): Current through the 10 Ω resistor is larger due to lower resistance and is
inversely proportional to resistance values in parallel.

Domain: Design Thinking

41. What is the primary purpose of the "Ideate" stage in design thinking?
A. Finalizing the solution
B. Defining the problem statement
C. Generating a wide range of creative ideas
D. Understanding user needs
Answer: C

42. How many stages are there in Design Thinking?

A. Four
B. Five
C. Three
D. Seven
Answer: B

43. Which of the following ideas can help in reducing the drinking water crisis in the villages?
A. Rainwater harvesting
B. Drip Irrigation System
C. Implementing direct borewell recharge
D. All of the above
Answer: D

44. Which type of prototyping involves creating a detailed, realistic representation of a design
idea?
A. Low-fidelity prototyping
B. High-fidelity prototyping
C. Static prototyping
D. None of the above
Answer: B

45. Which file extension is commonly used for exporting the model?
A. .STL
B. .CAD
C. .PNG
D. .PY
Answer: A

46. What is Autodesk Fusion 360?

A. A feature for adding material or depth to a 3D model
B. A tool for creating 2D sketches
C. A collaboration feature for sharing designs with team members
D. A 3D modeling and CAD/CAM software for product design and engineering
Answer: D

47. What is Prototyping in 3D printing?

A. A method for creating final, market-ready products
B. A technique used to create three-dimensional prototypes of products or parts using
manufacturing processes
C. Creating 2D blueprints for manufacturing
D. Producing molds for casting objects
Answer: B

48. Which tool in Tinkercad is used to create holes or remove material from a 3D object?
A. Extrude
B. Group
C. Hole
D. Duplicate
Answer: C

49. What is the purpose of the Align tool in Tinkercad?

A. Change the color of an object
B. Arrange objects in a straight line or grid
C. Rotate an object
D. Change the size of the object
Answer: B

50. What is the Workplane tool in Tinkercad?

A. A feature for changing an object's color
B. A tool for creating 2D sketches
C. A tool to define a new plane for building objects
D. A 3D modeling and CAD/CAM software for product design and engineering
Answer: C

51. Which Tinkercad feature allows you to combine multiple shapes into a single object?
A. Extrude
B. Merge
C. Combine
D. Group
Answer: D

Domain: Computational Thinking and Digital Technology

52. What is the main function of the 'Next' button in Screen2 of the Quiz app?
A. To restart the quiz
B. To navigate to the next question screen (Screen3)
C. To increase the score
D. To display the result of the quiz
Answer: B

53. What is the purpose of the variable 'score' in the Quiz app?
A. To store the name of the user
B. To store the number of questions answered correctly
C. To store the questions being displayed
D. To store the time taken to answer each question
Answer: B

54. What is the function of the "Finish" button in Screen3 (q2) of the Quiz app?
A. To finish the current question
B. To navigate to the start screen (Screen1)
C. To display the final score
D. To navigate to the next question screen
Answer: B

55.When a student’s name is clicked on Screen 1, where does the Student Profile app navigate
to?

A) To the home screen

B) To Screen 3
C) To Screen 2 with details of the student
D) To the login screen
Answer: C) To Screen 2 with details of the student

56.What is the main purpose of the “Delete” button on Screen 2 of the Student Profile app?

A) To update the student's profile

B) To navigate back to Screen 1
C) To delete the selected student’s details from the database
D) To change the student’s details
Answer: C) To delete the selected student’s details from the database

57.What happens when the "Update" button is clicked on Screen 2 of the Student Profile app?

A) The student's details are deleted

B) The app navigates to Screen 3 where the details can be updated
C) The student's name is modified directly on Screen 2
D) The app navigates to a new screen showing all students
Answer: B) The app navigates to Screen 3 where the details can be updated

58.What does the Photo Library component in Thunkable allow you to do?

A) Edit photos in the gallery

B) Access and select photos from your device's photo gallery
C) Upload photos to the cloud
D) Take new photos using the camera
Answer: B) Access and select photos from your device's photo gallery

59. Where can the photos captured using the Camera component in Thunkable be saved?
A. Only on social media platforms
B. Only on cloud storage
C. On the device or cloud storage
D. On external USB drives
Answer: C. On the device or cloud storage
60. What is the primary difference between visible and invisible components in Thunkable?
A. Visible components require the internet, while invisible components do not.
B. Visible components can be seen on the app screen, whereas invisible components cannot.
C. Invisible components are for design purposes only.
D. Visible components only work in the background.
Answer: B. Visible components can be seen on the app screen, whereas invisible components
cannot.

61.What type of block is used in Thunkable to perform actions based on a specific condition?
A) Control Block
B) Math Block
C) Logic Block
D) Loop Block
Answer: C) Logic Block

62.What does the "Do" part in an "If-Do" block represent?

A) The condition to check
B) The action to perform if the condition is true
C) The default action
D) The action to perform if the condition is false
Answer: B) The action to perform if the condition is true

63.What type of tool is Thunkable?

A) A spreadsheet application
B) A website builder
C) A mobile app development platform
D) A data visualization tool
Answer: C) A mobile app development platform

64.What is the primary purpose of the Row component in Thunkable?

A) To arrange components vertically
B) To arrange components horizontally
C) To store images
D) To add text to an app
Answer: B) To arrange components horizontally

65.What does API stand for in Thunkable?

A) Application Programming Interface
B) Automated Program Integration
C) Advanced Protocol Interface
D) Application Protocol Index
Answer: A) Application Programming Interface

Domain: Artificial Intelligence

66. When training an AI model using images of gestures, why is it essential to have a diverse
dataset?
A) It helps the model to memorize each example accurately.
B) It reduces the time required for training the model.
C) It allows the model to generalize and recognize new gestures effectively.
D) It makes the model dependent on high-quality images only.
Answer: C) It allows the model to generalize and recognize new gestures effectively.

67. In a machine learning model, if we incorrectly label training data, what is most likely to
happen?
A) The model learns faster.
B) The model's accuracy decreases when identifying patterns.
C) The model will ignore these labels and perform well.
D) The model will prioritize these incorrect labels over others.
Answer: B) The model's accuracy decreases when identifying patterns.

68. Which of these is NOT a stage in the machine learning lifecycle?

A) Training the model
B) Gathering data
C) Testing and evaluating the model
D) Identifying hidden labels within data
Answer: D) Identifying hidden labels within data.

69. Why might a model trained on only high-quality photos fail when applied to real-life images?
A) The model only works with perfect images.
B) The model fails to adapt to the variety of images it encounters.
C) The model becomes faster but less accurate.
D) The model improves recognition of high-quality images only.
Answer: B) The model fails to adapt to the variety of images it encounters.

70. How can an AI-based sign language identifier benefit society?

A) By replacing the need for human interpreters in all settings.
B) By translating sign language gestures into text or speech, aiding communication.
C) By teaching people how to communicate in sign language.
D) By automating all forms of translation without human input.
Answer: B) By translating sign language gestures into text or speech, aiding communication.

71. Which of the following would NOT be an example of using AI for social good?
A) Developing an AI system that detects fake news.
B) Creating an AI to identify social media trends.
C) Using AI to diagnose diseases early.
D) Creating AI for recognizing hand gestures to assist the hearing-impaired.
Answer: B) Creating an AI to identify social media trends.

72. Why might AI solutions for social good face challenges in low-resource areas?
A) They require advanced knowledge that may not be accessible.
B) They rely on internet connectivity, which may be limited.
C) They need highly skilled AI developers on-site at all times.
D) They require outdated technology to operate well.
Answer: B) They rely on internet connectivity, which may be limited.
73. What is one potential ethical concern when using AI for societal benefit?
A) AI might require significant computer storage.
B) AI could lead to unfair treatment if trained on biased data.
C) AI for social good is always unbiased and fair.
D) AI solutions may cost less than traditional methods.
Answer: B) AI could lead to unfair treatment if trained on biased data.

74. Which learning type would be used if a model is clustering objects without prior knowledge
of categories?
A) Supervised learning
B) Transfer learning
C) Unsupervised learning
D) Reinforcement learning
Answer: C) Unsupervised learning.

75. In unsupervised learning, what would likely happen if patterns are not clearly
distinguishable?
A) The model will create unnecessary clusters.
B) The model will memorize each data point.
C) The model will ignore all data points.
D) The model will find patterns automatically.
Answer: A) The model will create unnecessary clusters.

76. Why is finding patterns important for AI systems that analyze large data sets?
A) It helps the AI model reduce the amount of data it needs to store.
B) It allows the AI to identify underlying trends and make predictions.
C) It speeds up the training process significantly.
D) It ensures the AI only focuses on highly detailed images.
Answer: B) It allows the AI to identify underlying trends and make predictions.

77. Which of these tasks is LEAST likely to be performed by unsupervised learning?

A) Grouping similar photos of animals without labels
B) Identifying unique objects in a dataset
C) Labeling images based on known categories
D) Clustering customer preferences into types
Answer: C) Labeling images based on known categories.

78. Why might AI struggle to understand ambiguous sentences like “I saw the girl with a
telescope”?
A) AI systems cannot process objects in sentences.
B) AI cannot decide if "with a telescope" describes "saw" or "the girl."
C) AI systems only understand simple phrases.
D) AI systems do not interpret any additional information in sentences.
Answer: B) AI cannot decide if "with a telescope" describes "saw" or "the girl."

79. How do word embeddings help AI understand language better?

A) They translate every word into a single image.
B) They place words with similar meanings close together in a semantic space.
C) They only work for numbers and statistics.
D) They simplify words into unrelated categories.
Answer: B) They place words with similar meanings close together in a semantic space.
80. Which of the following is a correct analogy that AI could learn through word embeddings?
A) Dog is to bark as cat is to purr.
B) Cars are to trees as fish are to the sky.
C) Man is to queen as woman is to king.
D) King is to man as queen is to prince.
Answer: A) Dog is to bark as cat is to purr.

81. Why is word embedding useful in detecting outlier words in a list like "apple, orange,
banana, table"?
A) It calculates which word is more commonly used.
B) It measures the distance between words in feature space to find the unrelated one.
C) It determines the color of each item.
D) It finds the word that is most similar to the rest.
Answer: B) It measures the distance between words in feature space to find the unrelated one.

Domain: Robotics

82. In a 2-wheel robot, how is steering typically achieved?

a) By using a differential drive system
b) By turning the front wheels
c) By adjusting the center of gravity
d) By adding a steering wheel

Answer: a) By using a differential drive system

83. What motor type is usually used for driving the wheels in a robot?
a) Servo motor
b) Stepper motor
c) DC motor
d) Synchronous motor

Answer: c) DC motor

84. Which sensor is commonly used for obstacle detection in robots?

a) DHT11
b) Ultrasonic sensor
c) IR sensor
d) Both b and c

Answer: d) Both b and c

85. What is the purpose of a caster wheel in a 3-wheel or 4-wheel robot?

a) Provide power to the robot
b) Improve stability
c) Reduce friction
d) Control direction

Answer: b) Improve stability

86. What type of power source is commonly used in Arduino-based robots?
a) Solar panels
b) Alkaline batteries
c) Lithium-ion or LiPo batteries
d) Fuel cells

Answer: c) Lithium-ion or LiPo batteries

87. Which Arduino pin type is used for PWM signals?

a) Digital pins marked with “~”
b) Analog pins
c) Only pin 13
d) Any pin can be used

Answer: a) Digital pins marked with “~”

88. What is the role of the chassis in a robot?

a) Process the code
b) Hold all components together
c) Control motor speed
d) Sense the environment

Answer: b) Hold all components together

89. How do you achieve a sharp turn in a 2-wheel differential drive robot?
a) Stop one wheel and rotate the other
b) Rotate both wheels at the same speed
c) Use a separate turning mechanism
d) Reverse the direction of one wheel while moving the other forward

Answer: d) Reverse the direction of one wheel while moving the other forward

90. 20. What software is primarily used to program Arduino robots?

a) MATLAB
b) Arduino IDE
c) Proteus
d) SolidWorks

Answer: b) Arduino IDE