Drug Mechanism Indications & Side Effects & Nursing

Details of Action Contraindicatio Adverse Reaction Responsibiliti

ns es
Generic Inhibits Indication: Side Effects :  Assess
Name: prostaglan pain level,
Paracetamo din Mild to  Nausea location, and
l synthesis in moderate  Vomiting intensity
the CNS, pain, including  Mild abdominal before and
Classificatio leading to headache, discomfort after
n: pain relief muscle pain,  Dizziness administratio
Analgesic, and fever and post-  Headache n using a
Antipyretic reduction. operative pain pain scale.
Has Adverse Effects:  Monitor
Dosage: minimal - Fever due to temperature
500 mg anti- infections, or Severe if given for
1 tab inflammato inflammatory hepatotoxicity, fever to
ry conditions potentially leading evaluate
Route: Oral inflammato to acute liver effectiveness
ry - Pain failure .
Frequency: properties. management  Check liver
Every four during Severe allergic function tests
hours pregnancy, as reactions, such as (ALT, AST,
it is safer than anaphylaxis (rare) bilirubin) in
NSAIDs patients with
Methemoglobine liver disease,
- Pain relief in mia, leading to malnutrition,
patients with cyanosis in rare or anemia.
gastric issues cases Administer
(e.g., gastritis, with or
peptic ulcer without food,
disease) where but advise
NSAIDs are taking it with
contraindicated food if GI
discomfort
- Adjunctive occurs.
treatment in  Monitor
infections, effectiveness
such as flu, (pain relief
common cold, within 30–60
and urinary minutes,
tract infections fever
(UTI) reduction
within 1–2
hours).
Contraindicatio  Observe
ns: for adverse
effects,
- including
Hypersensitiv nausea,
ity to dizziness, or
paracetamol or unusual
its components bleeding.
 Document
- Severe pain level,
hepatic temperature,
impairment time of
or liver administratio
disease, as it n, and
increases the patient
risk of response.
hepatotoxicity

- Chronic
alcoholism,
due to
increased liver
toxicity risk

– Severe
renal
impairment,
especially with
prolonged use

Patients on
hepatotoxic
medications
(e.g., isoniazid,
rifampin) due
to increased
liver damage
risk

- Overdose
risk in
malnourished
or anemic
patients, as
metabolism
may be
impaired
 Drug name: Cefuroxime

Drug Details Mechanism of Indications & Side Effects & Nursing

Action Contraindications Adverse Responsibilities
Effects

Generic Name Inhibits Indication : Side Effects :  Obtain allergy

:Cefuroxime bacterial cell history,
wall synthesis - Considered safe Nausea especially to
Classification : by binding to in pregnancy vomiting cephalosporins
Second- penicillin- (Category B) for diarrhea or penicillins
generation binding treating bacterial abdominal (cross-reactivity
cephalosporin proteins infections that pain risk).
antibiotic (PBPs), leading could complicate Headache  Assess for
to bacterial pregnancy. - Helps Dizziness signs of
Dosage:750 cell lysis and prevent maternal infection (fever,
mg death. infections that Adverse chills, dysuria,
– More could lead to Effects : elevated WBC
Route: IVTT resistant to preterm labor or count, urine
beta- fetal culture results).
Frequency : lactamases complications. - Severe  Monitor for
Every 8 hours than first- Effective against allergic signs of UTI
generation E. coli, Klebsiella, reactions improvement
cephalosporins and Proteus spp., (anaphylaxis, (decreased
, making it which are angioedema) - urgency,
effective common UTI Clostridium burning
against a pathogens. – difficile- sensation, and
broader range Prevents UTI associated frequency).
of Gram- progression to diarrhea  Instruct to
positive and pyelonephritis, (CDAD) - complete the
Gram-negative which can be Severe skin full antibiotic
bacteria. dangerous in reactions course even if
pregnancy. – (Stevens- symptoms
Reduces maternal Johnson improve early.
and fetal risks Syndrome,  Educate
associated with Toxic about possible
untreated UTIs. Epidermal side effects like
Helps treat and Necrolysis - mild diarrhea,
prevent bacterial rare) - nausea, and
infections that Elevated liver dizziness.
may pose risks to enzymes (ALT,  Encourage
 both the mother AST) - adequate
and fetus. – Superinfection hydration to
Reduces the risk (e.g., fungal support kidney
of systemic infections) function and
infections that due to medication
could lead to prolonged use elimination.
pregnancy  Advise
complications. reporting severe
diarrhea
(possible C.
Contraindications difficile
: infection),
persistent fever,
-Hypersensitivity or unusual
to cephalosporins symptoms.
or penicillins
(cross-reactivity
risk) – Severe
renal impairment
without dose
adjustment –
History of severe
allergic reactions
(e.g., anaphylaxis)
to beta-lactam
antibiotics

Drug name: Metoclopromide

Drug Details Mechanism of Indications & Side Effects & Nursing

Action Contraindications Adverse Responsibilitie
Effects s
Generic Blocks Indications: Side Effects:  Assess
Name : dopamine (D2) nausea and
Metoclopromid receptors in -Safe for Nausea vomiting
e the managing diarrhea severity,
chemoreceptor nausea and abdominal including
Classification : trigger zone vomiting during cramps triggers and
Prokinetic (CTZ) of the pregnancy. Drowsiness frequency.
agent, brain, - Acute dizziness  Monitor for
Antiemetic, preventing Gastritis: extrapyrami
Dopamine nausea and Reduces nausea dal
antagonist vomiting. and vomiting Adverse symptoms
agent, – Enhances associated with Effects : (EPS) such as
Antiemetic, gastric inflammation of involuntary
Dopamine emptying by the stomach Involuntary movements,
antagonist increasing lining. movements tremors, or
peristalsis and - UTI: Helps dystonia restlessness.
Dosage:10 mg relaxing the manage nausea akathisia  Check
pyloric caused by blood
Route: IVTT sphincter. – systemic pressure and
Increases infection or heart rate
Frequency :Ev lower antibiotic side before and
ery 8 hours esophageal effects. after
sphincter (LES) - Iron administration
tone, reducing Deficiency to detect
gastroesophag Anemia: hypotension.
eal reflux. Controls nausea,  Watch for
which may occur signs of an
as a side effect allergic
of oral iron reaction
supplements. (rash, itching,
swelling,
Contraindications difficulty
: breathing).
 Document
Gastrointestinal time of
obstruction, administratio
perforation, or n, patient
bleeding (may response,
worsen and any side
condition). effects.
– Seizure  Advise to
disorders (lowers avoid alcohol
seizure and CNS
threshold). depressants
– to prevent
Pheochromocyto excessive
ma (risk of drowsiness.
hypertensive  Inform
crisis). about
– Parkinson’s possible
disease (worsens drowsiness
symptoms due to and to avoid
dopamine driving or
antagonism). operating
– History of machinery.
Tardive  Encourage
Dyskinesia (risk fluid intake
of to prevent
extrapyramidal dehydration
side effects). from vomiting.