SYLLABUS (ikB~;Øe

)
ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS
(izkjafHkd xf.kr)
ARITHMETIC (vadxf.kr)
Number System: Natural numbers, Integers, Rational and Real numbers. Fundamental
operations, addition, substraction, multiplication, division, Square roots, Decimal fractions.
Unitary method, time and distance, time and work, percentages, applications to simple
and compound interest, profit and loss, ratio and proportion, variation.
Elementary Number Theory—Division algorithm. Prime and composite numbers. Tests of
divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 11. Multiples and factors. Factorisation Theorem. H.C.F.
and L.C.M. Euclidean algorithm. Logarithms to base 10, laws of logarithms, use of
logarithmic tables.
Basic Operations, simple factors, Remainder Theorem, H.C.F., L.C.M., Theory of
polynomials, solutions of quadratic equations, relation between its roots and coefficients
(Only real roots to be considered). Simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns—
analytical and graphical solutions. Simultaneous linear inequations in two variables and
their solutions. Practical problems leading to two simultaneous linear equations or
inequations in two variables or quadratic equations in one variable & their solutions. Set
language and set notation, Rational expressions and conditional identities, Laws of indices.
TRIGONOMETRY (f=kdks.kfefr
)
Sinex, Cosinex, Tangent x when 0°  x  90° Values of sinx, cosx and tanx, for x = 0°,
30°, 45°, 60° and 90°
Simple trigonometric identities.
Use of trigonometric tables.
Simple cases of heights and distances.
GEOMETRY (T;kfefr)
Lines and angles, Plane and plane figures, Theorems on (i) Properties of angles at a
point, (ii) Parallel lines, (iii) Sides and angles of a triangle, (iv) Congruency of triangles, (v)
Similar triangles, (vi) Concurrence of medians and altitudes, (vii) Properties of angles,
sides and diagonals of a parallelogram, rectangle and square, (viii) Circles and its properties
including tangents and normals, (ix) Loci.
MENSURATION ({ks=kfefr
)
Areas of squares, rectangles, parallelograms, triangle and circle. Areas of figures which
can be split up into these figures (Field Book), Surface area and volume of cuboids, lateral
surface and volume of right circular cones and cylinders, surface area and volume of
spheres.
STATISTICS (lkaf[;dh)
Collection and tabulation of statistical data, Graphical representation frequency polygons,
histograms, bar charts, pie charts etc. Measures of central tendency.
 CHAPTER WISE WEIGHTAGE OF
UPSC CDS EXAMS HELD DURING 2018-24
MATHEMATICS
EXAMINATIONS

CDS 2021 (II)

CDS 2022 (II)
CDS 2024 (II)

CDS 2023 (II)

CDS 2020 (II)

CDS 2018 (II)

CDS 2019 (II)
CDS 2022 (I)

CDS 2019 (I)

CDS 2018 (I)

CDS 2023 (I)

CDS 2021 (I)

CDS 2020 (I)

CDS 2024 (I)
S.N. Chapter

1. Number System 13 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 13 14 13 12 12 13

2. Simplification 4 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 2 3 1 2 3 3
3. LCM & HCF 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3
4. Quadratic Equation 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 3 4 3 4 4 3
5. Algebra 10 9 9 9 11 12 12 11 12 9 11 10 8 9
6. Co-ordinate Geometry 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
7. Trigonometry 12 10 11 10 9 10 10 11 10 9 12 11 10 10
8. Height & Distance 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 1 2
9. Geometry 12 12 12 12 11 13 12 13 12 12 13 13 13 12
10. Mensuration - 2D 10 13 11 13 13 11 11 12 10 11 11 10 11 10
11. Mensuration - 3D 8 8 10 9 10 9 10 8 9 10 9 9 8 7
12. Percentage 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2
13. Sets 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3
14. Profit & Loss 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
15. Simple Interest 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
16. Compound Interest 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
17. Ratio & Proportion 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3
18. Average 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2
19. Mixture & Alligation 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

20. Time & Work 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2

21. Time & Distance 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
22. Clock 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
23. Logarithm 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 1

24. Statistics 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2

25. Data Interpretation 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4

Total Number of Questions 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
 INDEX
S.N. Chapter Name Type Question No. Page No. Time Table
TYPE - I 01 - 09 01 - 01
TYPE - II 10 - 18 01 - 02
1. Number System TYPE - III 19 - 21 02 - 02
(la[;k i¼fr) TYPE - IV 22 - 61 02 - 05
Day-01 to 05
TYPE - V 62 - 84 05 - 06
TYPE - VI 85 - 168 06 - 14
TYPE - VII 169 - 175 14 - 15
Answer Key - 15 - 15
Solutions: - 15 - 27
TYPE - I 01 - 01 28 - 28
2. Simplification TYPE - II 02 - 04 28 - 28
(ljyhdj.k) TYPE - III 05 - 06 28 - 28
TYPE - IV 07 - 13 28 - 29 Day-06
TYPE - V 14 - 21 29 - 29
TYPE - VI 22 - 28 29 - 29
Answer Key - 30 - 30
Solutions: - 30 - 31
TYPE - I 01 - 04 32 - 32
TYPE - II 05 - 13 32 - 32
3. LCM & HCF TYPE - III 14 - 21 32 - 33
Day-07
(y-l-i- vkSj e-l-i-) TYPE - IV 22 - 25 33 - 33
TYPE - V 26 - 35 33 - 34
Answer Key - 34 - 34
Solutions: - 35 - 37
4. Quadratic – 01 - 47 38 - 42
Equation Answer Key - 42 - 42 Day-08
(f}?kkr lehdj.k
) Solutions: - 42 - 46
TYPE - I 01 - 14 47 - 48
TYPE - II 15 - 30 48 - 49
5. Algebra TYPE - III 31 - 62 49 - 50
(chtxf.kr) TYPE - IV 63 - 66 51 - 51 Day-09 to 12
TYPE - V 67 - 120 51 - 54
Answer Key - 55 - 55
Solutions: - 55 - 67
6. Co-ordinate – 01 - 06 68 - 68
Geometry Answer Key - 68 - 68
(funsZ'kkad T;kfefr
) Solutions: - 69 - 69
TYPE - I 01 - 14 70 - 71
TYPE - II 15 - 26 71 - 71
TYPE - III 27 - 37 72 - 72
TYPE - IV 38 - 40 72 - 72
7. Trigonometry TYPE - V 41 - 79 72 - 75 Day-13 to 16
(f=kdks.kfefr
) TYPE - VI 80 - 85 75 - 75
TYPE - VII 86 - 94 75 - 75
TYPE - VIII 95 - 107 75 - 76
TYPE - IX 108 - 139 76 - 79
Answer Key - 79 - 79
Solutions: - 80 - 91
8. Height & Distance – 01 - 28 92 - 94
(Å¡pkbZ vkSj
) nwjh Answer Key - 95 - 95 Day-17
Solutions: - 95 - 98
TYPE - I 01 - 10 99 - 100
TYPE - II 11 - 76 100 - 105
9. Geometry TYPE - III 77 - 92 106 - 107
(T;kfefr
) TYPE - IV 93 - 145 107 - 112 Day-18 to 22
TYPE - V 146 - 152 112 - 113
TYPE - VI 153 - 162 113 - 114
Answer Key - 114 - 114
Solutions: - 115 - 137
TYPE - I 01 - 35 138 - 140
TYPE - II 36 - 44 140 - 141
10. Mensuration 2D TYPE - III 45 - 66 141 - 143
(f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
) TYPE - IV 67 - 80 143 - 144
Day-23 to 27
TYPE - V 81 - 87 144 - 145
TYPE - VI 88 - 93 145 - 145
TYPE - VII 94 - 97 146 - 146
TYPE - VIII 98 - 157 146 - 151
Answer Key - 152 - 152
Solutions: - 153 - 172
 TYPE - I 01 - 27 173 - 175
TYPE - II 28 - 43 175 - 176
11. Mensuration 3D TYPE - III 44 - 54 176 - 177
(f=kfoeh; {ks=kfefr
) TYPE - IV 55 - 74 177 - 179 Day-28 to 30
TYPE - V 75 - 95 179 - 180
TYPE - VI 97 - 98 180 - 181
Answer Key - 181 - 181
Solutions: - 182 - 191
12. Percentage – 01 - 40 192 - 195
(izfr'krrk
) Answer Key - 195 - 195
Solutions: - 196 - 198
13. Sets – 01 - 22 199 - 200

(leqPp;) Answer Key – 201 - 201

Solutions: - 201 - 202
14. Profit & Loss – 01 - 30 203 - 205 Day-31 to 33
(ykHk vkSj )gkfu Answer Key - 205 - 205
Solutions: - 206 - 207
15. Simple Interest – 01 - 20 208 - 209
(lk/kj.k C;kt) Answer Key - 210 - 210
Solutions: - 210 - 211
16. Compound Interest – 01 - 20 212 - 213
(pØo`f¼ C;kt
) Answer Key - 213 - 213
Solutions: - 214 - 215
TYPE - I 01 - 09 216 - 216
TYPE - II 10 - 13 216 - 217
17. Ratio & Proportion TYPE - III 14 - 16 217 - 217

(vuqikr vkSj lekuqikr

) TYPE - IV 17 - 33 217 - 219 Day-34
TYPE - V 34 - 47 219 - 220
TYPE - VI 48 - 50 220 - 220
Answer Key - 221 - 221
Solutions: - 221 - 225
18. Average – 01 - 30 226 - 228
(vkSlr
) Answer Key - 228 - 228 Day-35
Solutions: - 229 - 231
19. Mixture & Alligation – 01 - 10 232 - 233
(feJ.k vkSj i`FkDdj.k
) Answer Key - 233 - 233
Solutions: - 233 - 234
Day-36
20. Time & Work TYPE - I 01 - 16 235 - 236
(le; vkSj dk;Z
) TYPE - II 17 - 46 236 - 239
Answer Key - 239 - 239
Solutions: - 240 - 242
21. Time & Distance – 01 - 52 243 - 248
(le; vkSj nwjh
) Answer Key - 248 - 248 Day-37
Solutions: - 248 - 253
22. Clock – 01 - 06 254 - 254
(?kM+h
) Answer Key - 254 - 254
Solutions: - 255 - 255 Day-38
23. Logarithm – 01 - 20 256 - 257
(y?kqx.kd
) Answer Key - 257 - 257
Solutions: - 257 - 258
24. Statistics – 01 - 37 259 - 262
(lkaf[;dh
) Answer Key - 262 - 262 Day-39

Solutions: - 262 - 265

25. Data Interpretation – 01 - 42 266 - 271
(vk¡dM+sa fuoZpu
) Answer Key - 271 - 271 Day-40
Solutions: - 272 - 275
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)

Chapter
TRIGONOMETRY
07 f=kdks.kfefr
TYPE - I 5. If t = cos79°, then what is cosec79° eku yhft, ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS ftldk
(1 – cos79°) equal to?
1. If lies in the first quadrant and C ij ledks.k gS] rks
tanA + tanB
63 ;fn t = cos79°, rks cosec79° (1 –
cot = , then what is the cos79°) fdlds cjkcj gS\
fdlds cjkcj gS\
16
value of (sin + cos)? UPSC CDS-I 2024 a a2
(a) (b)
t bc bc
;fn ] izFke prqFkkZa'k esa vkrk
cotgS vkSj 1 t
(a) (b) 1– t 2 b2 c2
63 1– t (c) (d)
=
16
gS] rks
(sin+ cos) dk eku D;k gS\
1– t
ca ab
1– t2 10. A rectangle is 48 cm long and 14
69 (c) (d)
t 1+ t cm wide. If the diagonal makes
(a) 1 (b)
65 3 an angle q with the longer side,
6. If 0 < q < 90°, sinq = and x = then what is (sec q + cosec q )
79 5
(c) (d) 2 cotq, then what is the value of 1 equal to?
65
12 + 3x + 9x2 + 27x3 + 81x4 + 243x5 ? ,d vk;r 48 cm yack vkSj
14 cm pkSM+k
2. If sin q =
13
 then what is the 3 gSA ;fn fod.kZ] cM+h okyh Hkqtk ds lkF
value of (tanq + secq)2 (cosecq – ;fn 0 < q < 90°, sinq = vkSjx = dks.kq cukrk gS] rks
(secq + cosecq)
5
 cotq gS] rks
1 + 3x + 9x + 27x3 + 81x4
2
fdlds cjkcj gS\
cotq)–2, 0 < q < ?
2 + 243x dk eku D;k gS\
5
775 725
12 UPSC CDS-II 2019 (a) (b)
;fn sinq = 13 gS] rks (tanq + secq)2 (a) 941 (b) 1000
168 168
 375 325
(c) 1220 (d) 1365 (c) (d)
(cosecq – cotq)–2, 0 < q <
2
dk eku 84 84
7. ABC is a right angled triangle with
D;k gS\ base BC and height AB. The
11. If x sin3q + y cos3q = sinq cosq and
x sinq – y cosq = 0, for every q 
121 169 hypotenuse AC is four times the
(a) (b)  
4 9 length of the perpendicular drawn  0,  
to it from the opposite vertex.  2
196 225 then what is x2 + y2 equal to?
(c) (d) What is tanC equal to?
9 4
 
ABC ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt gS ftldk vkèkkj ;fn izR;sdq   0, 2  ds fy, x sin q
3
1 
3. If cos  = , where 0 <  < , BC vkSj Å¡pkbZ
AB gSA d.kZ
AC dh yEckbZ]
5 2 + y cos3q = sinq cosq vkSjx sinq – y
2 tan  lEeq• 'kh"kZ ls bl ij •haps x, yEc dh yEckbZ cosq = 0 rksx2 + y2 fdlds cjkcj gS\
then 1  tan2  is equal to
dh pkj xquh gSA
tanC fdlds cjkcj gS\ (a) 0 (b) 1
1  UPSC CDS-I 2018
;fn cos = 5 , tgk¡0 <  < 2 gS] rks (c) 2 (d) 3
(a) 3 –1 (b) 2 – 3 ABC is a triangle right-angled at B.
2 tan 
1  tan2  fdlds cjkcj gS\
Given that AC - AB = 2 cm and BC = 16
(c) 2  3 (d) 3 1 cm
UPSC CDS-II 2018
4 4 8. In a triangle ABC, right-angled at ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS B tksij ledks.kh;
(a) (b) – gSA fn;k x;k gS fd
AC - AB = 2 lseh vkSj
3 3 B, AB + BC = 10(1  3) cm and
1 2 BC = 16 lseh
(c) (d) – length of the hypotenuse is 20
3 3 cm. What is the value of tanA + 12. If BAC =  then what is sin +
q 2 – p2 tanC? cos equal to?
4. If tan q = ; 0 < q <
p ,d f=kHkqt
ABC esa] tks fd
B ij ledks.k ;fn BAC =  rkssin + cos fdlds
90°,then what is secq + cosq + 2
gS]AB + BC = 10(1  3) cm gS vkSj cjkcj gS\
equal to?
d.kZ dh yackbZ
20 cm gSA
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
q 2 – p2 tanA + tanC
71
;fn tanq = p
; 0 < q < 90° dk eku D;k gS\ (a) 1 (b)
65
gS] rks
secq + cosq + 2 fdlds cjkcj 4 2 73 79
(a) (b) (c) (d)
gS\ 3 3 65 65
p2  q 2 (p  q)2 (c) 3 (d) 2 3 Consider the following for the next
(a) pq (b) pq two (02) items that follow :
9. Let ABC be a triangle right angled
(p  q)2 (p – q)2 at C, then what is tanA + tanB vkxs vkus okys nks (02) ç'uka'kksa ds fy,
(c) 2pq (d) pq fuEufyf•r ij fopkj dhft, %
equal to?

7 0 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
Let ABC be a triangle right-angled at 23. Consider the following statements:
17. If 0  ,   90 such that cos ( –
B. Let P be the point on BC such that
) = 1, then what is sin – sin + fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj djsa%
BP = PC. AB = 10 cm, BAP = 45º and
CAP =  cos – cos equal to? 1. In a triangle ABC, if sinA + sinB

  ;fn 0  ,   90 bl izdkj gSa fd

cos 3 3
use,tan()  tan tan  + sinC =
2
, then the

 1  tan tan 
 ( – ) = 1 gS] rks
sin – sin + cos traingle can be equilateral.
eku yhft, ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS tks B ij – cos fdlds cjkcj gS\ ,d f=kHkqt
ABC, esa] ;fnsinA +
ledks.kh; gSA eku yhft, BC ij P fcanq bl (a) –1 (b) 0 3 3
çdkj gS fdBP = PC A ;fn AB = 10 cm, (c) 1 (d) 2 sinB + sinC = , rks f=kHkqt
2
BAP = 45 vkSjCAP =  18. If cos(x + y) = 0 and sin(x – y) = leckgq gks ldrk gSA
  1   2. In a triangle ABC, if cosA + cosB
tan()  tan tan dk mi;kx
s dhft,  , where x, y  0,  , then what 3
 1  tantan 2  2
  + cosC =  then the traingle
is the value of cot(2x – y)? 2
13. What is tan equal to? can be equilateral.
tan fdlds cjkcj gS\ ;fn cos(x + y) = 0 vkSjsin(x – y) =
,d f=kHkqt
ABC, esa ;fn cosA +
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 1   3
1 1 2
, tgk¡ x, y  0, 2  , rkscot(2x – y) cosB + cosc =  gS] rks f=kHkqt
  2
(a) (b)
2 3 dk eku D;k gS\ leckgq gks ldrk gSA
1 1 1 Which of the statements given above
(c) (d) (a) 0 (b) is/are correct?
4 5 2
14. If ACP = , then what is tan (c) 1 (d) 2 Åij fn, x, dFkuksa esa ls dkSu lk@ls lgh
equal to? 19. If A, B, C are acute angles and gS@gSa\
;fn ACP =  rks tan fdlds cjkcj sin(B + C – A) = cos(C + A – B) = UPSC CDS-I 2024
tan(A + B – C) = 1 then what is
gS\ (a) 1 only
(A + B + C) equal to?
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 (b) 2 only
1 1
;fn A, B, C U;wu dks.k gSa vkSj+
sin(B
(c) Both 1 and 2
(a) (b) C – A) = cos(C + A – B) = tan(A +
2 3 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
B – C) = 1 rks(A + B + C) fdlds
2 24. If A, B, C, D are the angles of a
(c)
3
(d) 1 cjkcj gS\ cyclic quadrilateral, then what is
(a) 90° (b) 120° the value of the following?
TYPE - II
(c) 135° (d) 150°  A C   B D 
3 20. If tanA + cotA = 2, where 0 < A < sin   + sin  
15. Let sin (A + B) = and cos B =  2   2 
2 90°, then what is the value of tan2A
3 + tan3A + tan4A +.......+ tannA? ;fn A, B, C, D fdlh pØh; prqHkqZt ds
, where A, B are acute angles.
2 ;fn tanA + cotA = 2 tgk¡ 0 < A <  A C   B D 
What is tan (2A – B) equal to?
90°, rks tan 2 A + tan 3A + tan 4 A
dks.k gSa]inrks
  + sin  
 2   2 
3
eku yhft, sin (A + B) = vkSjcos +.......+ tannA dk eku D;k gS\ dk eku D;k gS\
2 (a) 1 (b) n – 2 (a) 2 (b) 1
3 (c) n – 1 (d) n
B= gS] tgk¡
A, B U;wudks.ktan
gSaA (c) 0 (d) –1
2 
21. If 3 tan = cot where 0  , sin – cos  1 sin  1
(2A – B) fdlds cjkcj gS\ 2
25. What is –
UPSC CDS-II 2018
then what is the value of ? sin  cos – 1 cos
 equal to?
(a) 1/2 (b) 3 ;fn 3 tan = cot tgk¡ 0  2
sin – cos  1 sin  1
(c)
1
(d) 1
gS] rks
dk eku D;k gS\ – ]fdlds
3 UPSC CDS-I 2019 sin  cos – 1 cos
   cjkcj gS\
16. If 0  ()  ()  , tan(+) (a) (b)
2 6 4 (a) 0 (b) 1
1  
(c) 2sinq (d) 2cosq
= 3 and tan( – ) = , then (c) (d)
3 3 2
what is tan·cot2 equal to? 22. ABC is a triangle inscribed in a 26. If sinq + cosq = 2 , then what is
 semicircle of diameter AB. What is sin6q + cos6q + 6 sin2q cos2q equal
;fn 0  ()  ()  , tan( +
2
cos (A + B) + sin (A + B) equal to? to?
1 AB O;kl ds ,d v/Zo`Ùk esa ,d var%f=kHkqt
;fn sinq + cosq = 2 gS] rks sin6q +
) = 3 vkSj tan( – ) = 3 rks
ABC gSA cos (A + B) + sin (A + B)
tan·cot2 fdlds cjkcj gS\ cos6q + 6 sin2q cos2q fdlds cjkcj gS\
fdlds cjkcj gS\
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 1 3
1 (a) (b)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 0 (b) 4 4
4
1 1 7
(c) 3 (d) (c) (d) 1 (c) 1 (d)
3 2 4
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs7 1
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
TYPE - III   TYPE - V
(a) (b) cos q 1
sin19 12 15
27. What is the value of 41. What is 1  sin q  cot q equal to?
cos 71  
cos 73 (c) (d) cos q 1
6 5
1  sin q cot q fdlds cjkcj gS\
+ ? 
sin17 34. If tan (3A)  cot (A – 22°) where 3A
sin19 cos 73 is an acute angle, then what is the (a) cosecq
+ dk eku D;k gS\
cos 71 sin17 value of A? (b) secq
UPSC CDS-II 2019
(a) 0 (b) 1 ;fn tan (3A)  cot (A – 22°) tgka 3A (c) secq + cosecq
(c) 2 (d) 4 ,d U;wudks.k gS]A rksdk eku D;k gS\ (d) cosecq – cotq
UPSC CDS-I 2024
28. What is the value of tan 1° tan 2° 42. What is sin4q – cos4q equal to
tan 3°____tan 89°/tan 1° tan 2° (a) 25° (b) 27°
for any real numberq ?
tan 3°____tan 89° dk eku D;k gS\ (c) 28° (d) 30°
fdlh okLrfod la[;kq ds fy, sin4q –
UPSC CDS-I 2019 35. What is (tanx + tany)(1 – cotx coty) +
(a) 0 (b) 1 (cotx + coty)(1 – tanx tany) equal to? cos4q fdlds cjkcj gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2018
(c) 2 (d)  (tanx + tany)(1 – cotx coty) + (cotx +
29. What is the value of the coty)(1 – tanx tany)] fdlds cjkcj gS\ (a) 1 (b) 1 – 2sin²q
following? UPSC CDS-I 2018 (c) 2cos²q + 1 (d) 1 – 2cos²q
2sin 68 2cot15 (a) 0 (b) 1
–
cos 22 5 tan 75 – (c) 2 (d) 4 sin   cos   
43. If tanx =  q ,
3 tan 20 tan 40 tan 45 tan50 tan 70 36. What is the value of x that sin  – cos  4 2
5 satisfies 4 cos230° + 2x sin30° – then what is 2 sinx equal to?
dk eku D;k gS\ cot230° – 6 tan15° tan75° = 0?
(a) –1 (b) 0 4 cos230° + 2x sin30° – cot230° – sin   cos   
(c) 1 (d) 5 6 tan15° tan75° = 0 dks larq"V djus ;fn tanx = sin  – cos   4  q  2 ,
30. What is cot1° cot23° cot45° cot67° okysx dk eku D;k gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2018
rks 2 sinx fdlds fcjkcj gS\
cot89° equal to?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (a) sinq + cosq (b) sinq – cosq
cot1° cot23° cot45° cot67° cot89°
(c) 3 (d) 6 sin  – cos 
fdlds cjkcj gS\ 37. What is the value of sin46° cos (c)
sin   cos 
(d)
2 2
UPSC CDS-1 2018
(a) 0 (b) 1 44° + cos46° sin44°?
sin46° cos44° + cos46° sin44° dk sec x – tan x
1 1
(c) (d) 44. What is equal to?
2 3 eku D;k gS\ sec x  tan x
31. What is the value of/dk eku D;k UPSC CDS-I 2019
(a) sin2° (b) 0
gS\ sec x – tan x
sin24° sin66° – cos24° cos66 +
(c) 1 (d) 2 ] fdlds cjkcj gS\
sec x  tan x
tan24° tan66° + cot24° cot66°? TYPE - IV
(a) 2 (b) 1 38. What is the value of sin 2 6° + 1 1
sin212° + sin218° + .....+ sin284° + (a) (b)
(c) 0 (d) 3 sinx  cosx tanx  cotx
32. If tan 6q = cot2q where 0 < 6q  sin290°?
sin26° + sin212° + sin218° + .....+ 1 1
 (c) (d)
, then what is the value of sec sin284° + sin290° dk eku D;k gS\ secx  tanx cosecx  cotx
2
(a) 1 (b) 2
4q  45. If
2
64sin   64cos   16
2
where
(c) 4 (d) 8
 
39. What is the value of sin² 25° + 0  0  , then what is the value
;fn tan 6q = cot2q tgk¡0 < 6q  2 2
sin²65°/sin2 25°+sin2 65° dk eku of tan + cot ?
gS] rks
sec 4q dk eku D;k gS\ D;k gS\
;fn 64sin   64cos   16 tgka 0  0  2
2 2 
UPSC CDS-I 2019
(a) 2 (b) 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 rkstan + cot dk eku D;k gS\
2 4 (c) 2 (d) 4 UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(c) (d) 40. What is the value of (a) 1 (b) 2
3 3
(c) 3 (d) 4
33. Which one of the following is a cos 2 32  cos 2 58
+ 4 tan13° 46. What is the value of (1 + cot2q)
value of q , if q satisfies the sec 2 50 – cot 2 40
(1 + cosq) (1 – cosq) – (1 + tan2q)
equation tan2q tan4q – 1 = 0; 0 < tan37° tan53° tan77° (1 + sinq) (1 – sinq) ?

q< ? cos 2 32  cos 2 58 (1 + cot2q) (1 + cosq) (1 – cosq) –
2 + 4 tan13°
sec 2 50 – cot 2 40 (1 + tan2q) (1 + sinq) (1 – sinq) dk
;fn q lehdj.k tan2q tan4q – 1 = 0;
tan37° tan53° tan77° dk eku D;k gS\ eku D;k gS\

0 < q<
2
dks larq"V djrk gS] rks (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) –1 (b) 0
fuEufyf[kr esaq ls
dk eku D;k gS\ (c) 4 (d) 5 (c) 1 (d) 2

7 2 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
cos  cos  53. Consider the following statements: 58. If x = psinA cosB, y = p sinA sinB
47.   2 where 0
cosec   1 cosec  –1 fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, % and z = p cosA, then what is the
< q < 90°, then what is the value value of x2 + y2 + z2?
cos  cos 
of sin4q + cos4q? 1. If  ;fn x = psinA cosB, y = p sinA
1  sin  1  sin  = 4,
cos  cos  sinB vkSjz = p cosA gS] rks
x2 + y2 +
;fn cosec  1  cosec  –1  2 tgk¡ where 0 <  < 90°, then = 60°.
z dk eku D;k gS\
2
cos  cos 
0 < q < 90°, rkssin4q + cos4q dk eku ;fn 1  sin   1  sin  = 4, (a) –p2 (b) 0
D;k gS\ tgk¡0 <  < 90° gS] rks
= 60°. (c) p2 (d) 2p2
(a) 2 (b) 1 2. If 3tan + cot = 5cosec, 59. What is 3(sinx – cosx)4 + 6(sinx +
1 1 cosx)2 + 4(sinx)6 + 4(cosx)6 equal
(c) (d) where 0 <  < 90°, then  = 60°. to?
2 4
;fn 3tan + cot = 5cosec, tgk¡ 3(sinx – cosx)4 + 6(sinx + cosx)2 +
5
48. If secq + cosq =  where 0  q 90°, 0 <  < 90° gS] rks
 = 60°. 4(sinx)6 + 4(cosx)6 fdlds cjkcj gS\
2
then what is the value of sin2q Which of the statements given (a) 9 (b) 11
5 above is/are correct? (c) 13 (d) 15
;fn secq + cosq =  tgk¡ 0  q 90° mi;qZDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
2 60.lghWhich
gS@gSa\
of the following is/are
gS] rks
sin2q dk eku D;k gS\ UPSC CDS-II 2018 identity/identities ?
1 1 (a) 1 only/dsoy 1 fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lh loZlfedk@
(a) (b)
4 2 (b) 2 only/dsoy 2 loZlfedk,¡ gS@gSa\
3
(c) (d) 1 (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa sin3   cos3
4
49. 2
If sin x + sin x= 1, then what is (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2 1.
sin   cos  + sinq cosq = 1;
the value of cos12x + 3 cos10 x + 3 54. Consider the following 
cos8 x + cos6 x? statements: 0 < q<
2
;fn sin2x + sinx= 1 gS] rks
cos12x + fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,% 2. 1 – sin6q = cos2q cos4q + 3 sin2q
3cos x + 3cos x + cos x dk eku D;k
10 8 6
1. (sec2q –1) (1 – cosec2q) = 1 Select the correct answer using the
gS\ 2. sinq (1 + cosq)–1 + (1 + cosq) code given below:
UPSC CDS-II 2018 (sinq)–1 = 2 cosecq uhps fn, x, dwV dk iz;ksx dj lgh mÙkj
(a) –1 (b) 0 Which of the above is/are correct? pqfu,%
(c) 1 (d) 8 mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
50. If cos2x + cosx =1, then what is (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
UPSC CDS-I 2018
the value of sin 12 x + 3sin 10 x + (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
(a) 1 only/dsoy 1
3sin8x + sin6x ? (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
(b) 2 only/dsoy 2
;fn cos2x + cosx =1 gS] rks sin12x +
(d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
3sin10x + 3sin8x + sin6x dk eku D;k gS\ (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
61. What is the value of sin2 cos2 
UPSC CDS-II 2019 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1] u gh 2 (sec2 + cosec2) equal to?
(a) 1 (b) 2 55. If cos q + sec q = k, then what is
(c) 4 (d) 8 the value of sin2 q – tan2 q ?
sin2cos2(sec2 + cosec2) dk eku
fdlds cjkcj gS\
51. What is
sin3   cos3  sin3  – cos3 
 ;fn gS] rks
cos q + sec q = k sin2 q–
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
sin  cos sin – cos tan2 q dk eku D;k gS\ (a) 0 (b) 1
equal to?
3 3 3 3 (a) 4 – k (b) 4 – k2 (c) 2 (d) 4
sin   cos  sin  – cos 
sin  cos

sin – cos
fdlds (c) k2 – 4 (d) k2 + 2  cos sin 1 
62. What is  
 (cot –
56. If 6 + 8tanq = secq and 8 – 6tanq = 
cjkcj gS\ k secq, then what is the valur of k2
 cos sin 1 
cosec) equal to?
(a) 0 (b) 1
;fn vkSj8 – 6tanq
6 + 8tanq = secq  cos sin 1 
(c) 2 (d) 4
= k secq gS] rks
k dk eku D;k gS\
2 
  (cot– cosec)

52. Consider the following.  cos sin 1 
fuEufyf[kr ij fopkj dhft,%
(a) 11 (b) 22 fdlds cjkcj gS\
4 2 4 2
(c) 77 (d) 99 UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
1. sin q – sin q = cos q – cos q
57. If 14 sin2q + 10 cos2q = 11 where (a) –1 (b) 0
 sin4q + cos4q = 1 + 2sin2q cos2q 0° < q < 90°, then what is the value (c) 1 (d) 2
 tan4q + tan2q = sec4q – sec2q of tanq + cotq? 63. What is the value of
Which of the above are identities? ;fn 14 sin2q + 10 cos2q = 11 gS] tgk¡ 6 6 2
sin  cos  3sin cos  1 2

mi;qZDr esa dkSu&lh loZlfedk,a gS\ 0° < q < 90° gS] rkstanq + cotq dk
(a) 1 and 2 only/dsoy 1 vkSj2 eku D;k gS\ sin6 cos 6 3sin2cos2 1 dk
(b) 2 and 3 only/dsoy 2 vkSj3 4 2 eku D;k gS\
(a) (b) UPSC UPSC CDS-I 2019
(c) 1 and 3 only/dsoy 1 vkSj3 3 3 (a) 0 (b) 1
(d) 1, 2 and 2/1, 2 vkSj3 (c) 3 (d) 2 3 (c) 2 (d) 4

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs7 3
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
2
64. What is (1 + tan tan) + (tan Which of the above statements Which of the above is/are an
– tan)2 equal to? is/are correct? identity/identities?
(1 + tan tan)2 + (tan – tan)2 mi;ZqDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls rRled gS@gSa
fdlds cjkcj gS\
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(a) 1 only/dsoy 1 (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
(a) tan  2 2
tan  (b) 2 only/dsoy 2 (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
(b) sec2 sec2 (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
(c) tan2 cot2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(d) sec2 tan2
65. If cosq + secq – 2 = 0, where 0  q < 1– cos   sin  1  sin
69. If x  then what is 74. If x = , then what is
 1  sin  cos
, then what is the value of cos4q sin   cos  –1
2 tan  sec –1
equal to?
+ sec4q – 2? cos  tan – sec 1 equal to?
;fn cosq + secq – 2 = 0, tgk¡ 0 q< 1– cos   sin  sin   cos  –1 1  sin

;fn x  1  sin  rks cos  ;fn x = cos gS]
, rkscos4q + sec4q – 2 dk eku D;k gS\ fdlds cjkcj gS\
2 tan  sec –1
(a) –2 (b) –1 1 rks tan – sec 1 fdlds cjkcj gS\
(c) 0 (d) 2 (a) (b) x
x (a) –x (b) x
66. What is
2
(c) 1 + x (d) x – 1 x
2
 1  sin   cos   70. What is (sec2 + tan.tan – tan2)2 (c) 2x (d)
    –2 2
 cos    1  sin  + (tan – tan)2 – sec2.sec2 equal 75. If 7 sin4q + 9 cos4q + 42 sin2q = 16,
 to?

equal to, where 0 < q < ? (sec2 + tan.tan – tan2)2 + (tan – 0 < q < , then what is tanq equal
2 2
2 2 tan)2 – sec2.sec2 fdlds cjkcj gS\ to?
 1  sin   cos 
    – 2 fdlds (a) –1 (b) 0 ;fn sin4q + 9 cos4q + 42 sin2q = 16,
 cos    1  sin  (c) 1 (d) 2 
 0 < q < , rkstanq fdlds cjkcj gS\
cjkcj gS] tgk¡ 0 < q<
2
gS\ 71. If tanq + secq = 3, then what is the 2
value of 3tanq + 9secq ? (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) tanq (b) cotq ;fn tanq + secq = 3, rks 3tanq + 1
(c) 2 tanq (d) 2 cotq
9secq dk eku D;k gS\ (c) 3 (d)
3
1 1 (a) 15 (b) 17
67. If – = x, then 76. What is (1 + cotq – cosecq) ×(1 +
cosec  – cot  sin  (c) 19 (d) 21 tanq + secq) equal to?
1 1
what is –  (1 + cotq – cosecq) × (1 + tanq +
cosec   cot  sin  72. If 2cos2q + sinq – 2   0 < q  ,
2 secq) fdlds cjkcj gS\
 then what is the value of q?
equal to, where 0 < q < ? (a) 4 (b) 3
2 
1 1 ;fn 2cos q + sinq – 2   0 < q  2 ,
2 (c) 2 (d) 1
;fn cosec  – cot  – sin  = x gS] rks 
77. What is the value of
2cos2q + sinq – 2   0 < q  ,rks 1– 2sin
2
θcos
2
θ
1 1 2  4 equal to ?
cosec   cot  sin  fdlds cjkcj gS] dk ek D;k gS\
– 4 4
sin θ+cos θ
2 2
   1– 2sin θcos θ
tgk¡0 < q < 2 gS\ (a)
6
(b)
4 4 4
4 ] dk eku fdlds
sin θ+cos θ
(a) –x (b) x
(c)

(d)
 cjkcj gS\
1 1 3 2 UPSC CDS-I 2018
(c) (d) – 73. Consider the following:
x x (a) 0 (b) 1
68. Consider the following statements: fuEufyf[kr ij fopkj dhft,% (c) 2 (d) 5
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,% 78. If sinA + cosA = p and sin3A +
1. sec2   cosec 2 = tanq + cotq
1. The equation 2 sin2q – cosq + cos3A = q, then which one of the
4 = 0 is possible for all q where 0 < q < 90° following is correct?
q ds lHkh ekuksa ds fy, lehdj.k
2 sec2   cosec 2 = tanq + cotq ;fn sinA + cosA = p vkSjsin3A +
sin2q – cosq + 4 = 0 laHko gSA tgk¡0 < q < 90° cos3A = q gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk
2. tanq + cotq cannot be less than lgh gS\
 2. tan2   cot2   4 = sec q + UPSC CDS-I 2018
2, where 0 < q < 
2 cosecq where 0 < q < 90° (a) p3 – 3p + q = 0
tanq + cotq, 2 ls de ugha gks ldrk (b) q3 – 3q + 2p = 0
tan2   cot2   4 = sec q +
 (c) p3 – 3p + 2q = 0
gS] tgk¡
0 <q< 
2 cosecq tgk¡0 < q < 90° (d) p3 + 3p + 2q = 0

7 4 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
79. What is 2sin6q + 2cos6q – 3sin4q – TYPE - VII 91. Consider the following:
3 cos4q equal to? 86. If for some q lying between 0° and fuEufyf[kr ij fopkj dhft,%
2sin6q + 2cos6q – 3sin4q – 3 cos4q 90°, tanq = 1, then what is the
2 tan 
fdlds cjkcj gS\ value of sin2q – 2sinqcosq? 1. cos4q – sin4q = 
;fn 0° vkSj90° ds chp fLFkr fdlhq 1– tan2 
(a) –1 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) 2 ds fy, tanq = 1 gS] rkssin 2q – 
0 < q<
TYPE - VI 2sinqcosq dk eku D;k gS\ 2
(a) –1 (b) 0 1
80. If 3sinq + 5 cosq = 5, then what is 2. cosecq + cotq = 
the value of 5 sinq – 3 cosq? 1 1 cos ec  – cot 
(c) (d) –
;fn 3 sinq + 5 cosq = 5, rks5 sinq – 2 2 
87. If tanx = 1, 0 < x < 90°, then what 0 < q<
3 cosq dk eku D;k gS\ is the value of 2sinxcosx?
2
UPSC CDS-I 2024
;fn tanx = 1, 0 < x < 90° gS] rks 1 – tan2 
(a) –3 (b) –2 3. cos2q – sin2q = 1  tan2  
2sinxcosx dk eku D;k gS\
(c) 5 (d) 8 UPSC CDS-I 2019

81. If 3sin+ 5cos= 4, then what is 1 0 < q<
(a) (b) 1 2
the value of (3cos– 5sin )2? 2 Which of the above equations are
;fn 3sin+ 5cos= 4 gS] rks
(3cos  3 identities?
– 5sin)2 dk eku D;k gS\ (c)
2
(d) 3
mi;qZDr lehdj.kksa esa ls dkSu&lh loZlfed
UPSC CDS-II 2018
(a) 9 (b) 12
88. If secx cosecx = 2, then what is gSa\
tann x + cotn x equal to?
(c) 16 (d) 18 (a) 1 and 2 only/dsoy 1 vkSj2
;fn secx cosecx = 2 gS] rks
tann x +
82. If x = m secA + n tanA and y = m cotn x fdlds cjkcj gS\ (b) 2 and 3 only/dsoy 2 vkSj3
tanA + n secA, then what is x2 – UPSC CDS-1 2018
(c) 1 and 3 only/dsoy 1 vkSj3
y2 equal to? (a) 2 (b) 2n+1
;fn x = m secA + n tanA gS vkSj y= (c) 2n (d) 2n–1 (d) 1, 2 and 3/1, 2 vkSj3
m tanA + n secA gS] rks
x2 – y2 fdlds 89. Let cos + cos = 2 and sin + sin  sin 2sin3 
= 0, where 0    90°, 0    90°. 92. What is  
 2cos3 cos equal to ?
cjkcj gS\ What is the value of cos2 – cos2?  
(a) m2 – n2 eku yhft, cos + cos = 2 vkSjsin  sin 2sin3 
2
(b) m + n 2
gS] tgk¡
+ sin = 0 0    90°, 0   

 2cos3 cos
 fdlds cjkcj gS\
 
2 2
(c) m + n – mn 90° gSA
cos2 – cos2 dk eku D;k gS\ UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024

(d) m2 – n2 + mn UPSC CDS-I 2018 (a) sin2 (b) cos2

83. If 3 sinq + 5 cosq = 5, then what (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) cot (d) tan
is the value of 5 sin q – 3 cos q (c) 2 2
93. If cosx + cos x = 1, then what is
equal to? (d) cannot be determined due to sin2x + sin4x equal to?
;fn 3 sinq + 5 cosq = 5, rks5 sinq data in sufficiency/ vi;kZIr ;fn cosx + cos2x = 1 gS] rks sin2x +
– 3 cosq dk eku fdlds cjkcj gS\ vk¡dM+ks ds dkj.k fu/kZfjr ugha fd;k
sin 4
x fdlds cjkcj gS\
(a) 5 (b) –3 tk ldrk UPSC CDS-I 2018

(c) –2 (d) 0 90. Consider the following: (a) 1 (b) 1.5

(c) 2 (d) 3
84. If cos47° + sin47° = k, then what fuEufyf[kr ij fopkj dhft,%
is the value of cos247° – sin247° ?
tan  sin sec  1 2sin3  – sin
;fn gS] rks
cos47° + sin47° = k cos247° 1.  , where/ 94. What is cos – 2cos3 , (0° < q <
tan – sin sec  –1
– sin247° dk eku D;k gS\  90°) equal to?
tgk¡0 < q < 2 
2 2
(a) k 2 – k (b) –k 2 – k 2sin3  – sin
cos 2  – sin2 
2. 
2 tan
, where/ cos – 2cos3 , (0° < q < 90°) fdlds
(c) k 1– k 2 (d) –k 1– k 2 cos 2   sin2  tan2   1

tgk¡ 0 < q < 2 

 cjkcj gS\
85. If 11 sinq + 60 cosq = 61; 0 < q <
90°, then what is the value of (a) sinq (b) cosq
Which of the above is/are
660(tan  cot )  identities? (c) tanq (d) cotq

;fn 11 sinq + 60 cosq = 61; 0 < q < mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@dkSu&ls loZlfedk,¡ TYPE - VIII
gS@gSa\ 95. What is the maximum value of
90°, gS] rks 660(tan  cot ) dk 8sin – 4sin2?
(a) 1 only/dsoy 1
eku D;k gS\ 8sin – 4sin2 dk vf/dre eku D;k gS\
(b) 2 only/dsoy 2
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(a) 61 (b) 61 2
(c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 122 (d) 122 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2 (c) 8 (d) 12

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs7 5
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
96. What is the maximum value of 3 (a) 1320 (b) 2401 1 1 1
sinq – 4 (c) 3721 (d) 5041 (a)m  n 
  
2 m n
3 sinq – 4 dk vf/dre eku D;k gS\ 104. What is the minimum value of 6  1 1
(a) –4 (b) –1  m  n 
(b)   
– 4 sinq, 0  q    m n
(c) 0 (d) 1 2
1 1 1
97. What is the maximum value of 1 +  (c) m  n 
  
dk U;wure eku

2 sin2q cos2q – sin4q – cos4q where 6 – 4 sinq, 0  q  2  m n
2
0° < q < 90°? D;k gS\  1 1
1 + 2 sin2q cos2q – sin4q – cos4qdk m  n 
(d)   
(a) 1 (b) 2  m n
vf/dre eku D;k gS] tgk¡0° < q < 90° (c) 4 (d) 6 110. Consider the following
gS\ statements:
105. What is the minimum value of
(a) 1 (b) 2 sin ²A  5 sin A  1 
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,%
for 0 < A  ? I. tan50º – cot50º is positive
(c) 3 (d) 4 sinA 2
I. tan50º – cot50º /ukRed gS
98. What is the least value of (25  sin ²A  5 sin A  1
cosec2x + sec2x) ? 0<A ds fy,
2 sinA
II. cot25º – tan25º is negative
dk U;wure ewY; D;k gS\ II. cot25º – tan25º Í.kkRed gS
(25 cosec2x + sec2x) dk U;wure eku
Which of the statements is/are
D;k gS\ UPSC CDS-I 2024
correct?
(a) 3 (b) 5
(a) 40 (b) 36
(c) 7 (d) 9
buesa dkSu&lk
/dkSu&ls dFku lgh /gSa\
gS
(c) 26 (d) 24 UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024

99. What is the least value of 9 sin2q 106. What is the difference between the (a) I only/dsoy I
greatest value and the least value of
+ 16 cos2q ?
cos2q + 3sin2q + 2?
(b) II only/dsoy II
9 sin2q + 16 cos2q dk U;wure eku D;k (c) Both I and II/I vkSjII nksuksa
ds vf/dre eku vkSj
cos2q + 3sin2q + 2
gS\ (d) Neither I nor II/u rksI, u gh II
U;wure eku ds chp D;k varj gS\
(a) 0 (b) 9 sin  – cos   1
UPSC CDS-I 2024
(c) 16 (d) 25 111. If sin   cos  –1  p secq + q tanq,
(a) 4 (b) 3
100. What is the least value of 3sin2q 
(c) 2 (d) 1 where 0 < q < , then what is p +
+ 4cos2q ? 2
107. What is the ratio of the greatest
3sin2q + 4cos2q dk U;wure eku D;k gS\ to the smallest value of 2 – 2sinx q equal to?
(a) 5 (b) 4 sin  – cos   1
 ;fn sin  cos  –1  p secq + q
(c) 3 (d) 2 – sin2x, 0  x  
2 
101. What is the minimum value of cos3q

tanq, tgk¡ 0 < q < 2 , gS] rksp + q
+ sec3q where 0°  q  90°?
2 – 2sinx – sin2x, 0  x  ] ds fdlds cjkcj gS\
cos3q + sec3q dk U;wure eku D;k gS] tgk¡ 2
0°  q  90° gS\ egÙke eku dk blds y?kqre eku ls vuqikr UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 0
D;k gS\ (c) 2 (d) 4
(b) 1 (a) –3 (b) –1 
(c) 1 (d) –2 112. If p = sin 2q + cos4q for 0  q  
(c) 2 2
(d) None of the above/mi;qZDr esa ls TYPE - IX then consider the following
statements:
dksbZ ugh 108. If cot(1 + sin) = 4m and cot(1

102. What is the minimum value of – sin) = 4n, then which one of ;fn 0 q
2
ds fy, p = sin2q +
sin4q + cos4q – 2sin2q cos2q ? the following is correct?
cos4q gS] rks fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj
sin4q + cos4q – 2sin2q cos2q dk U;wure ;fn cot(1 + sin) = 4m vkSj
cot(1
dhft,%
eku D;k gS\ – sin) = 4n gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls
3
(a) 0 dkSu&lk ,d lgh gS\ 1. p can be less than .
UPSC CDS-II 2018
4
(b) 1 3
(a) (m2 + n2)2 = mn p, ls de gks ldrk gSA
(c) 2 4
(b) (m2 – n2)2 = mn
(d) Minimum value does not ex- 2. p can be more than 1.
(c) (m2 – n2)2 = m2n2
ist/U;wure eku dk vfLrRo ugha gS p, 1 ls vf/d gks ldrk gSA
(d) (m2 + n2)2 = m2n2
103. What is the minimum value of Which of the above statements is/
3600 sec2q + 121 cosec2q where 0 109. If cosec – cot = m and sec – are correct?
tan = n, then what is cosec +
 sec equal to? mi;qZDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh g
< q< ?
2
;fn cosec – cot = m vkSjsec – (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
3600 sec2q + 121 cosec2q dk U;wure tan = n, rks cosec + sec fdlds (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
 cjkcj gS\ (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
eku D;k gS] tgk¡
0 < q<
2
gS\ UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2

7 6 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
113. If p = secq – tanq and q = cosecq + 117. A triangle ABC with sides AB = 121. For what relation between a and
cotq, then what is p + q(p – 1) 15cm, BC = 9 cm, CA = 12 cm is ab
equal to? inscribed in a circle. b is the equation sin q =
2 ab
;fn p = secq – tanqvkSjq = cosecq + What is sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2 C possible?
equal to?
cotq gS] rks
p + q(p – 1) fdlds cjkcj gS\ a vkSjb ds chp fdl laca/ ds fy,]
(a) –1 (b) 0 ,d o`Ùk ds varxZr ,d f=kHkqt
ABC [khapk ab
x;k gS] ftldh Hkqtk,¡
AB = 15cm, BC lehdj.k sinq = 2 ab laHko gS\
(c) 1 (d) 2
= 9 cm, CA = 12 cm gSaA (a) a = b (b) a  b
cos 2  – 3 cos  2
114. If 1, where 0° < 2 2
sin A + sin B + sin C 2
fdlds cjkcj (c) a  b (d) a > b
sin2 
gS\ 
q < 90° then what is sin2q + cosq 122. If sinqcosq = k, where 0  q  
2
equal to? 5
(a) 2 (b) then which one of the following is
4 correct?
cos 2  – 3 cos  2
;fn 1, gS] tgk¡0° 3 
sin2  ;fn sinqcosq = k gS] tgk¡0 q
(c) 1 (d)
4 2
< q < 90° gS] rkssin2q + cosq fdlds
gks] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS
cjkcj gS\ 118. If tan8q + cot8q = m, then what is
the value of tanq + cotq? (a) 0  k  1
5 3
(a)
4
(b)
2
;fn tan q + cot q = m, rks tanq +
8 8 (b) Only 0  k  0.5
cotq dk eku D;k gS\ (c) Only 0.5  k  1
7
(c) (d) 2 (d) 0  k  1
4 (a) m2 2 123. Consider the following
115. If A, B and C are interior angles
inequalities:
of a triangle ABC, then what is
 B C   B C  (b) m4 2 fuEufyf[kr vlfedkvksa (bubDdkfyfV) ij
tan 
 2 
 + sin 
 2 
 – cot fopkj dhft,%
A A (c) m2 2 2 1. sin1° < cos75°
  – cos   equal to? 2. cos60° > sin75°
2
  2
;fn A, B vkSjC ,d f=kHkqt
ABC ds (d) m4 2 2
Which of the above is/are correct?
 B C  mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
vkarfjd dks.k gS]tan
rks 2  + sin
  sin  cos  (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
119. If sin – cos   5 , where 0 < q <
 B C  A A (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
  – cot   – cos  
 2  2 2  
, q  then what is the value (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
fdlds cjkcj gS\ 2 4
(a) 0 2sin  3cos  (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
of 3sin – 2cos  124. If y = cos2x + sec2x, where 0  x <
1
(b) sin  cos  
2
;fn sin – cos  5 gS] tgk¡0 < q < 2
, then which one of the
 A  B C  2sin  3cos  following is correct?
(c) sin    
 4 
2
,q
4
gS] rks3sin – 2cos dk ;fn y = cos2x + sec2x, tgk¡ 0 x<
 A  B C  eku D;k gS\ 
(d) tan 
 4

 8 2
, rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk ,d lgh
116. A triangle ABC with sides AB = (a) (b) 2
15cm, BC = 9 cm, CA = 12 cm is
5 gS\
inscribed in a circle. 12 (a) 0 < y < 0.5 (b) 0.5  y < 1
(c) (d) 3
5 (c) 1  y < 2 (d) y  2
What is cos 2 A + cos 2 B + cos 2 C
equal to? 120. If 0 <  < 90°, 0 <  < 90° andcos  2
sec q – tan q
< cos , then which one of the 125. If x  , then which
,d o`Ùk ds varxZr ,d f=kHkqt
ABC [khapk following is corect? sec 2 q  tan q
x;k gS] ftldh Hkqtk,¡
AB = 15cm, BC one of the following is correct?
;fn 0 <  < 90°, 0 <  < 90° vkSj
cos 
sec 2 q – tan q
= 9 cm, CA = 12 cm gSaA ;fn x  gS] rks fuEufyf[kr
< cos  gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk
sec 2 q  tan q
cos2A + cos2B + cos2C fdlds cjkcj ,d lgh gS\ esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS\
gS\ UPSC CDS-II 2018 UPSC CDS-I 2018

3 (a)  <  (b)  >  1 1 

(a) (b) 1 (c) +  = 90° (a) x 3 (b) x   ,3
4 3 3 
5 (d) No conclusion can be drawn/ 1 1
–3  x  – x 3
(c)
4
(d) 2 dksbZ fu"d"kZ ugha fudkyk tk ldrk (c) 3
(d)
3

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs7 7
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
126. If cosecq – cotq = m, then what Which of the above statements 133. Consider the following
is cosecq equal to? is/are correct? statements:
;fn cosecq – cotq = m gS] rks
cosecq fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, %
mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
fdlds cjkcj gS\ 1. cos  + sec  can never be
1 1 (a) 1 only/dsoy 1 equal to 1.5.
(a) m  (b) m –
m m (b) 2 only/dsoy 2 cos  + sec dHkh Hkh 1-5 ds cjkcj
m 2

m

1 (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa ugha gks ldrkA
(c) (d)
2 m 2 2m 2. sec2  + cosec2  can never be
127. If tan2q + 3secq – 9 = 0, where 0 < (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
less than 4.
q < 90°, then what is the value of 131. If the equation x cosq = x2 + p has a sec2  + cosec2  dHkh Hkh 4 ls de
12cot2q + 3cosecq ? real solution for every q where 0 
ugha gks ldrkA
;fn tan2q + 3secq – 9 = 0, tgk¡ 0 < q  0,

then which one of the Which of the statements given
q < 90°, rks12cot2q + 3cosecq dk eku 4
following is correct? above is/are correct?
D;k gS\
;fn lehdj.k x cosq = x2 + p esa izR;sd mi;qZDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh g
2 2
(a)  3 1  (b)  3 2  q ds fy, ,d okLrfod lek/ku gS tgka UPSC CDS-II 2018

 (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
2 2 0  q  0, gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls
(c) 2 3 1  (d) 3 3 1  4 (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
dkSu lk lgh gS\
128. What is the value of sinq + cosq, (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
UPSC CDS-I 2024
if q satisfies the equation cot2q –
(d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
 1 1
 
3 1 cotq + 3 = 0; 0 < q < 2 ? (a) P =
8
(b) P 
8
134. suppose 0 < < 90°, then for every
, 4 sin² + 1 is greater than or
;fn q lehdj.k cot2q –  
3 1 cotq 1 1
equal to.
(c) P 
8
(d) P 
4 eku yhft, 0 <  < 90° gS] rks izR;sd
 ds

+ 3 = 0; 0 < q < dks larq"V djrk fy,] 4sin² + 1 fdlls cM+k vFkok cjkcj
2 132. Consider the following
gS] rks
sinq + cosq dk eku D;k gS\ statements:
gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2019
(a) 2 (b) 2 fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, % (a) 2
(b) 4 sin
3 1 3 –1 p2  q 2
(c) (d) 1. cos2  = 1  , where p, q (c) 4 cos
2 2 2pq
are non-zero real numbers, is (d) 4 tan
129. How many values of q will satisfy the
equation (sin2q – 4 sinq + 3) (4 – possible only when p = q. 135. Let 0 < q < 90° and 100 q = 90°. If
cos2q + 4 sinq) = 0, where 0 < q < p2  q 2 99
n  1 cotnq then which one of
 cos  = 1 
2
2pq , tgk¡ p, q
? the following is correct?
2 'kwU;srj okLrfod la[;k,¡ gSa] dsoy rHkh
eku yhft, fd 0 < q < 90° vkSj100 q
q ds fdrus eku lehdj.k(sin2q – 4 sinq laHko gS tc
p = q.
= 90° gSA ;fnn 1 cotnq gS] rks
99
+ 3) (4 – cos2q + 4 sinq) = 0 dks larq"V
4pq
 2. tan2  = –1,where p, q fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu & lk ,d lgh gS\
djsaxs] tgk¡
0 < q< ?
2 (p  q)2
are non-zero real numbers, is (a)  = 1
(a) None/dksbZ ugha possible only when p = q. (b)  = 
(b) Only one/dsoy ,d 4pq (c)  > 1
(c) Only two/dsoy nks tan2  = (p  q)2 – 1, tgk¡ p, q(d) 0 <  < 1

(d) Only three/dsoy rhu 'kwU;srj okLrfod la[;k,¡ gSa] dsoy rHkh
136. If cosec q – sin q = m and sec q –
cos q = n, then what is
130. Consider the following
laHko gS tc
p = q.
4 2 2 4
statements: Which of the statements given m 3 n 3  m 3 n 3 equal to?
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,% above is/are correct?
;fn cosec q – sin q = m vkSjsec q –
1. The value of cos61° + sin29° mi;qZDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
cos q = n gS] rks
m 3 n 3  m 3 n 3 fdlds
4 2 2 4
cannot exceed 1. UPSC CDS-II 2018

cos61° + sin29° dk eku 1 ls vf/d (a) 1 only/dsoy 1 cjkcj gS\

ugha gks ldrk gSA
(b) 2 only/dsoy 2 (a) 0
2. The value of tan23° – cot 67° (b) 1
is less than 0. (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (c) mn
tan23° – cot 67° dk eku 0 ls de gSA (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2 (d) m2n2

7 8 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
137. Consider the following Which of the statements given 139. Consider the following for real
statements:
above is/are correct? numbers    and: / okLrfod
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,% la[;kvksa
 vkSj ds fy,] fuEufyf[kr
mi;qZDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1 ij fopkj dhft,%
1. sin q = x + is possible for (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
x UPSC CDS-I 2019
some real value of x. (b) 2 only/dsoy 2 1. sec =1/4
x ds dksbZ okLrfod eku dssin
fy, (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa 2. tan  = 20
3. cosec  =1/2
1 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
q= x+
x
laHko gSA 138. If cosecq – sinq = p3 and secq – cosq
4. cos  = 2
How many of the above statement
= q3, then what is the value of tanq
1 are not possible?/mi;qZDr esa ls fdrus
2. cos q = x +
x
is possible for ;fn cosecq – sinq = p3 vkSjsecq – fooj.k laHko ugha gSa\
some real value of x. cosq = q3 gS] rks
tanq dk eku D;k gS\ (a) 1
x ds dksbZ okLrfod eku dscos
fy, p q (b) 2
(a) q (b) p (c) 3
1
q= x+
x
laHko gSA (d) 4
(c) pq (d) p2q2

ANSWER KEY
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)

11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (c)

21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (c) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (b)

31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (d) 37. (c) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (d)

41. (b) 42. (d) 43. (a) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (a)

51. (c) 52. (c) 53. (c) 54. (b) 55. (b) 56. (d) 57. (a) 58. (c) 59. (c) 60. (c)

61. (b) 62. (a) 63. (a) 64. (b) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (b) 69. (b) 70. (b)

71. (c) 72. (a) 73. (a) 74. (b) 75. (d) 76. (c) 77. (d) 78. (c) 79. (a) 80. (a)

81. (d) 82. (a) 83. (b) 84. (b) 85. (a) 86. (d) 87. (b) 88. (a) 89. (a) 90. (a)

91. (b) 92. (d) 93. (a) 94. (a) 95. (b) 96. (b) 97. (a) 98. (b) 99. (b) 100. (c)

101. (c) 102. (a) 103. (d) 104. (b) 105. (c) 106. (c) 107. (d) 108. (b) 109. (a) 110. (a)

111. (c) 112. (d) 113. (a) 114. (a) 115. (b) 116. (b) 117. (a) 118. (c) 119. (c) 120. (b)

121. (a) 122. (b) 123. (a) 124. (d) 125. (d) 126. (d) 127. (a) 128. (c) 129. (a) 130. (a)

131. (b) 132. (c) 133. (c) 134. (b) 135. (a) 136. (b) 137. (d) 138. (b) 139. (c)

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

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 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
SOLUTIONS
1. (c) Given, q p sin C
cos  63
= p + q +2  4 sin2C =
cos C
= (16, 63, 65 triplet)
sin  16 q 2  p2  2pq (q  p)2
P b  = 1
 sinq + cosq =  pq pq  2sinCcosC =
h h 2
5. (d) Given,
16 63 79  sin2C = sin30°
=  = base
65 65 65 t = cos79° =  C = 15°
2. (d) Given, hypotenus
12  tan15° = tan(45° – 30°)
sinq =
13 1
1 1–
1 t2 3 3 –1 3 –1
h = = 
1 3 1 3 –1
P = 12

= 79° 1
13
t 3
Consider,
q 3 – 2 3 1 2(2 – 3)
cosec79° (1 – cos79°) = =
b=5 2 2
P 12 1
sinq = = = [1 – t] =2– 3
h 13 1 – t2

1– t 1– t  1– t
8. (a) A
 base = 132 –122 = 5 1– t
= = = 20
 (tanq + secq)2 (cosecq – cotq)–2 1 – t2 1– t  1  t 1 t
2 –2
P h h b 6. (d) Given,
=     –  B C
b b P P 
2 –2 5
12  13  13 – 5  3 3 AB + BC = 10 (1  3) ......(i)
=  sinq =
 5   12  5 q
12  12 4 also, AB2 + BC2 = 202
25 25
= × × 88 4 = 400 ......(ii)
5 5  cotq = (from figure)
3
9 225 Consider,
= 25 × = 4
4 4 x= AB BC
3. (b) Given, 3 tanA + tanC = +
Consider:- BC AB
1  Base AB2  BC2
cosq = 1 + 31x + 32x2 + 33x3+ 34x4 + 35x5 = .....(iii)
5  hypotenues AB  BC
40 + 41 + 42+ 43 + 44 + 45
From (i) and (ii)
a (r n –1)
5  Sn = (AB + BC)2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2AB.BC
2 (r –1)
100(1  3)2 – 400
 4(45 –1) 4(1024 –1) AB.BC =
= +1= +1 2
1 (4 –1) 3
= 341 × 4 + 1 = 1365 400  200 3 – 400
 Perpendicular = 5 –1 = 2 =
2
perpendicular 2 7. (b) A
 tanq =  = 100 3 .....(iv)
base 1
4x From equation (iii),
2 tan  2 2 4 –4 D
 1– tan2  = 1– (2)2 = = x 400 4
–3 3 tanA + tanC = =
100 3 3
4. (b) Given, B C
9. (d) A
q 2 – p2 We know,
tanq =
p 1 1 c
b
Perpendicular × AC × BD = × AB × BC
tanq = 2 2
Base
 AC × BD = AB × BC C a B
q  4BD × BD = AB × BC p
q2 – p2
tanq =
Dividing by BC2 both sides: b

BD BD AB Perpendicular
p
4× × = tanA + tanB =
BC BC BC Base
from figure hypotenues
a b a 2  b2 c2
= q 2 – p2  p2 = q BD AB = + = =
b a ab ab
also. sinC =  tanC =
h b BC BC [ a2 + b 2 = c 2 by pythagorus
 secq + cosq + 2 =  +2
b h  4 sin C = tanC
2 theorem]

8 0 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
 BP = 10 = PC 21. (a) Given,
10. (a)  BC = 20
50 14
3 tanq = cotq
q BC 1
48
Consider, tan(45º + q) = =2  3tan2q = 1  tan2q =
AB 3
7, 24, 25 triplet tan 45º  tan 1
 tan(45º + ) = 1– tan 45 º .tan  tanq = = tan30°
3
14, 48, 50 also triplet  1 + tanq  2 – 2tanq
h h 50 50 
 3 tanq = 1  q = 30° =
 b  p  48  14 6
1
 tanq = 22. (d) C
350  1200 1550 775 3
= = = 14. (a) ACP = 
336 336 168
11. (b) Given, AB 10 1
tan  = = = A B
x sin3q + y cos3q = sinq cosq .....(i) BC 20 2
15. (c) Given, ABC is a right angled triangle.
3 3  A + B = 90º
y y +x
2 2
sin(A + B)  , cosB = Hence,
2 2
 A + B = 60°, B = 30° cos(A + B) + sin(A + B)
q
x  A = 30° = cos90º + sin90º
also, x sinq = ycosq  tan(2A – B) = tan(60° – 30°) =0+1=1
1 23. (c) Statement-I:
y = tan30° =
 tanq = 3 Let  ABC be euilateral triangle
x
16. (c) Given,  A = B = C = 60°
 Hypotenus = y2 + x2
then in equation (i) tan( + ) = 3 = tan60° sinA + sinB + sinC
3 3   +  = 60° 3 3 3
 y   x  = ×3=
x 2 + y 2 1 2 2
 y  x 2   x  y 2  also, tan( – ) = = tan30° Hence, True.
3
xy   –  = 30° Statement-II:
= (x 2  y 2 )2
  = 45°,  = 15° 1
Then, cosA + cosB + cosC = +
xy xy Consider, tan45° × cot30° 2
 x 2  y 2 [y2 + x2] = (x 2  y 2 )2 1 1 3
=1× 3= 3 + =
 (x2 + y2)2 = 1 2 2 2
17. (b) Given,
 x2 + y2 = 1 Hence, true.
cos( – ) = 1 = cos0°
 Both statement are true.
–= 0
12. (d) A 24. (a) ABCD is a cyclic quadilateral
= 
q Consider,
D C
x x+ 2 sin – sin + cos – cos
= sin – sin + cos – cos  
18. (a) Given, A B
B 16 C 1
cos(x + y) = 0 and sin(x – y) = A + C = 180° and B + D = 180°
2
Given, AC – AB = 2, BC = 16  x + y = 90° x – y = 30° Consider,
By pythagorus theorem:  x = 60° y = 30°
 AC BD
(x + 2)2 = x2 + 162  cot(2x – y) = cot(120° – 30°) sin   + sin  2 
x2 + 4 + 4x = x2 + 256  2 
= cot90° = 0
180 180
252 19. (c) sin(B + C – A) = cos(C + A – sin + sin
B) = tan(A + B – C) = 1 2 2
x= = 63
4 = sin90° + sin90°
B + C – A = 90° ......(i)
 AC = 65, AB = 63, BC = 16 C + A – B = 0° ......(ii) =1+1=2
Now, Sinq + cosq A + B – C = 45° ......(iii) 25. (a) Consider,
BC AB 16 63 79 (i) + (ii) + (iii) sin  – cos   1 sin   1
=     A + B + C = 90° + 0° + 45° = 135° –
AC AC 65 65 65 sin   cos  –1 cos 
20. (c) tanA + cotA = 2
13. (b) A put q = 30º
1
 tanA + =2 1 3 1
q tan A  1 1
45°
10  tanA = 1 = cotA 2 2 2
=
 A = 45° 1 3 3
45° 
 1
Consider, 2 2 2
B 10 P 10 C tan 2 A + tan 3 A + tan 4 A + ....+ 2
Given, AB = 10 tannA? 3 3
=  3  3 30
BAP = 45° = 1 + 1 + 1 + ....+ 1((n – 1) times) 3 1 3
 BPA = 45° = (n – 1) 2

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs8 1
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
26. (d) Given, 34. (c) Given, 1  sin  1
41. (b) 
tan3A = cot(A – 22°) cos  cot 
sinq + cosq = 2
 3A + A – 22° = 90° 1 – sin sin 1
q = 45° Satisfie the equation = = = secq
 4A = 112° cos cos
6 6 2 2
 1   1   1   1   A = 28° sin  1  cos 
=      6    Note: 
 2  2  2  2 Note:- If cotA = tanB then, A + B 1  cos  sin 
1 1 3 1 3 1 6 7 = 90° 42. (d) consider, sin4q – cos4q
=   =   
8 8 2 4 2 4 4 35. (a) (tanx + tany) (1 – cotxcoty) + = (sin2q – cos2q)(sin2q + cos2q)
27. (c) Consider, (cotx + coty) (1 – tanx tany)  1 – cos2q – cos2q
Put x = y = 45° = 1 – 2cos2q
sin19 cos 73
 = (1 + 1) (1 – 1) + (1 + 1) (1 – 1) = 0 43. (a) Given,
cos 71 sin17
sin q  cos q p
=1+1=2 Note:- If  +  = 90°, then sin2 + tanx = sin q – cos q = ;
sin2 = 1 & cos2 + cos2 = 1. b
Note:
36. (d) 4 cos230° + 2x sin30° – cot230°

sinq + cosq
sin = cos when  +  = 90°
– 6 tan15° tan75° = 0
28. (b) Consider, 2
 tan(90° – q) = cotq
tan1° tan2° tan3° ...... tan89°
 3  1
we know, tan(90 – q) = cotq   4   +  2x   – 3 – (6 × 1)
4 2 sinq – cosq
 tan1° tan2° tan3° ...... tan45°
...... tan(90 – 3°) tan(90 – 2°) =0 h= (sin q  cos q)2  (sin q – cos q)2
tan(90 – 1°) 3 +x– 9=0
= 2sin2 q  2cos2 q
 tan1° tan2° tan3° .... x=6
1......cot3° cot2° cot1° h= 2
37. (c) ( sinA cosB + cosA sinB
1 = sin(A + B)) p
2 sinx = 2 × h
2sin 68 2 cot15 sin46° cos44° + cos46° sin44°
29. (c) – 5 tan 75 sin q  cos q
cos 22 = sin(46° + 44°) = sin90° = 1 = 2 × 2
3 tan 20 tan 40 tan 45 tan50 tan 70
– 38. (d) Consider, = sinq + cosq
5
We know, sin (90° – q) = cosq Let, x = sin26° + sin212° + sin218° sec x – tan x
tan(90° – q) = cotq + ......+ sin284° + sin290° 44. (c) sec x  tan x
2cos 22 2 tan 75 [Here, number of terms
– (sec x – tan x )(sec x – tan x )
cos 22 5 tan 75 =
Last term – first term sec 2 x – tan2 x
3 tan 20 tan 40 tan 45 cot 40 cot 20 = 1
– Difference
5 1
2 3 10 – 5 = secx – tanx = sec x  tan x
90 – 6
2– – = =1 = + 1 = 15]
5 5 5 6 45. (b) Given,
30. (b) cot1° cot23° cot45° cot67° cot89° 64sin²q + 64cos²q = 16
=1 14
x= +1=8 Put, q = 45°
Note: If cot.cos = 1 2
1 1

Than, +  = 90° Note: sin2 + sin2 = 1 when  +  642 + 642 = 16

31. (a) Consider,  = 90°
 8 + 8 = 16
sin24° sin66° – cos24°cos66° + 39. (b) Consider, Hence satisfy
tan24°tan66° + cot24°cot66° sin225° + sin265°  put q = 45° in tanq + cotq
= cos66°sin66° – cos66°sin66° –  sin(90 – q) = cosq = tan45° + cot45° = 1+ 1 = 2
tan24°cot24° + cot24°tan24°  sin225° + sin2(90° – 25°) Alternate Method:
=0+1+1=2  sin225 + cos225 = 1 Let, 64sin²q + 64cos²q = 16 = 8 + 8
32. (a) 6q + 2q = 90° 1
cos 2 32  cos 2 58  64sin²q = 8 = 642
8q = 90°, 4q = 45° 40. (d) sec 2 50 – cot 2 40 + 4 tan13°
1
sec45° = 2  sin2q = = sin245°
tan37° tan53° tan77° 2
Note: If tan = cot then  +  = 90°  q = 45°
We know, cos(90° – q) = sinq
33. (a) tan2q tan4q – 1 = 0 Similarly
sec(90° – q) = cosecq 1
 tan2q tan4q = 1 tan(90° – q) = cotq 64cos²q = 8 = 642
1
 tan2q = = cot4q sin2 58  cos 2 58 1
tan 4q  cos2q = = cos245°
 2q + 4q = 90° cos ec 2 40 – cot 2 40 + 4 tan13° 2
1
 6q = 90° tan37° cot37° cot37° cot13° q=
2
 1  q = 45°
 q = 15° = = +4=5  tanq + cotq = 1 + 1 = 2
12 1

8 2 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
46. (b) (1 + cot2q) (1 + cosq) (1 – cosq) = (sin 4 x) 3 + 3(sin 4 x) 2 .sin 2 x + 3 Statement II:
– (1 + tan2q) (1 + sinq) (1 – sinq) sin4x (sin2x)2 + (sin2x)3 L.H.S.
= (1 + cot 2 q) (1 – cos 2 q) – = (cos2x)3 + 3cos4x sin2x + 3cos2x sinq (1 + cosq) –1 + (1 + cosq)
(1 + tan2q) (1 – sin2q) sin4x + (sin2x)3 (sinq)–1
= cosec2q sin2q – sec2q cos2q = (cos2x + sin2x)3 = 13 = 1 sin  1  cos 
sin3   cos 3  sin3  – cos 3  = 1  cos   sin 
=1–1=0 51. (c) +
Alternate Method: sin   cos  sin  – cos 
1  cos  1  cos 
= sin2q + cos2q – sinq cosq + sin2q = 
(1 + cot2q) (1 + cosq) (1 – cosq) – sin  sin
+ cos2q + sinq cosq = 2
(1 + tan2q) (1 + sinq) (1 – sinq) = cosecq – cotq + cosecq + cotq
Note:  a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 + b2 –
Put q = 45° = 2cosecq
ab)
Hence, Statement-2 is true
 1   1  [a3 – b3 = (a – b)(a2 + b2 + ab)
= (1 + 1) 1   1–  – (1 + Alternate Method:
 Only staement (b) is true.
 2   2 sin  1  cos 
 1   1  Putq = 0° Note: 1  cos   sin 
1) 1   1–  0 1 0 –1
55. (b) Given,
 2  2  0 1 + 0 –1 = 1 + 1 = 2
1 1 cosq + secq = k
52. (c) Statement I:
=2× –2× =1–1=0 1
2 2 sin4q – sin2q = cos4q – cos2q  cosq + =k
cos  cos  cos 
sin2q (sin2q – 1) = cos2q (cos2q – 1) Squaring both sides
47. (c) cos ec  1 + cos ec –1 = 2
– sin2q cos2q = – cos2q sin2q 1
cos (cosec –1)  cos (cosec1) True.  cos2q + + 2 = k2
 =2 cos2 
cosec2 –1 Statement II: 1
sin4q + cos4q = 1 + 2 sin2q cos2q  cos2q + = k2 – 2
cos q[2cosecq –1  1] cos2 
 2  (sin2q + cos2q)2 + 2sin2q cos2q Now,
cot 2 q sin2q – tan2q = (1 – cos2q) – (–1 +
sin4q + cos4q + 4 sin2q cos2q
2cos q.cosecq sec2q)
 2  L.H.S = 2 – cos2q – sec2q
cot 2 q
 False 1
2 cot q 2 Statement III: = 2 – (cos2q + )
 2  =2 cos2 
cot 2 q cot  tan4q + tan2q = sec4q – sec2q = 2 – (k2 – 2)
 cotq = 1 = cot45° tan2q (tan2q + 1) = sec2q (sec2q – 1) = 4 – k2
56. (d) Given,
put q = 45° in sin4q + cos4q tan2q sec2q = sec2q tan2q
6 + 8 tanq = secq ...(i)
 sin445° + cos445° True. and 8 – 6 tanq = ksecq ...(ii)
1 1 1 Satement (i) and (iii) are correct. (Eqn (i) × 6) + (8 × Eqn (ii))
+ = 53. (c) Statement I:
4 4 2 36 + 48 tanq = 6 secq
48. (c) Given, Given,
+ 64 – 48 tanq = 8ksecq
5 cos  cos 
secq + cosq =  4 100 = secq(6 + 8k)
2 1– sin  1  sin 
1 5 1 100
1  sin  1  sin  secq = 6  8k ....(iii)
  cosq = = +2   =4
cos  2 2 cos  cos 
 secq + tanq + secq – tanq = 4 Since, 6 + 8tanq = secq
1
cosq = = q = 60°  2secq = 4  secq = 2 100
2
 3
2
 q = 60° 6 + 8 tanq = 6  8k
3
sin q = sin 60°   2  =
2 2
Hence, Statement-2 is true
  4 100
49. (c) Given, Statement II: 8tanq = 6  8k – 6
Given,
 sin2x + sinx = 1
3 tanq + cotq = 5 cosecq 100 – 36 – 48k
 sinx = 1 – sin2x =
put q = 60° 6  8k
 sinx = cos2x 3 tan60° + cot60° = 5 cosec60° 8(8 – 6k)
Consider, 1 2 =
3 3 5 6  8k
cos12x + 3cos10x + 3cos8x + cos6x.
3 3 8 – 6k
(cos4x)3 + 3(cos4x)2 cos2x + 3 cos4x tanq = 6  8k ....(iv)
9 1 10 10 10
(cos2x)2 + (cos2x)³   =
3 3 3 3 We know, sec2q – tan2q = 1
(sin2x)3 + 3 sin4x cos2x + 3sin2x
cos4x + (cos2x)3 Hence Statement-2 is also true. from (iii) and (iv)
 Both (I) and (II) true state- 2 2
(sin2x + cos2x)3 = 13 = 1  100   8 – 6k 
ments.   –  =1
50. (a) Given,  6  8k   6  8k 
54. (b) Statement I:
cos2x + cosx = 1 (sec2q – 1) (1 – cosec2q)   10000 – 64 – 36k2 + 96k = 36 +
 cosx = 1 – cos2x = sin2x 64k2 + 96k
(tan2q) (–cot2q) = 1
Consider, –1  1 9900 = 100 k2
sin12x + 3sin10x + 3sin8x + sin6x. Statement-1 is not true k2 = 99

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 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
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57. (a) Given, 61. (b) sin2q cos2q [sec2q + cosec2q] from options:
14sin2q + 10cos2q = 11  1 1  (A) 1
4 sin2q + 10 = 11 = sin2qcos2q  2
+ 2  (B) 2.2 = 4
 cos q sin q
1 (C) 1
sin2q =  sin2q + cos 2q 
4    × sin2q.cos2q = 1 (D) 2
2 2
1  cos qsin q  Hence, (B) is the correct answer.
sinq = = sin30° Alternate Method: 65. (c) Given,
2
q = 30° sin2qcos2q(sec2q + cosec2q) cosq + secq = 2
tanq + cotq = tan30° + cot30° Put q = 45° 1
1 4  sin 2 45° cos 2 45° (sec 2 45° + cosq + =2
cos 
+ 3 = cosec245°)
3 3 cosq = 1 = cos0°
58. (c) x = psinA cosB 1 1 q = 0
 × [2 + 2]
y = psinA sinB 2 2 Hence, cos4q  sec4q – 2
z = pcosA 1 = cos40° + sec40° – 2
 ×4=1
Consider, x2 + y2 + z2 4 =1+1–2=0
= p2sin2A cos2B + p2 sin2A sin2B  cosq – sinq +1  66. (c) 2 2
+ p2cos2A 62. (a)   (cotq – cosecq)  1  sin q   cos q 
cosq + sinq –1     –2
= p2 [sin2A{cos2B + sin2B} + cos2A] cos q   1  sin q 
= p2 [sin2A + cos2A] = p2  cosq – sinq +1  cosq –1
=  ×
 cosq + sinq –1  sinq = (sec q  tan q)2 
1
–2
Alternate Method: (sec q  tan q)2
Let A = B = 45º cos 2q – sinqcosq + cosq – cosq + sinq –1
= = (sec q  tan q)2  (sec q – tan q)2 – 2
1 1 P cosqsinq + sin2q – sinq
x=P×    
2 2 2 cos 2q – cosqsinq + sinq – cos2q + sin2q 1
= sec q  tan q  
P cosqsinq + sin2q  sinq  sec q – tan q 
P
y= ,z= =–1
2 2 = 2sec 2 q  2tan2 q – 2
Consider, x² + y² + z² Alternate Method:
Given,  sec 2 q –1  tan2 q
2 2 2
P P P 4 2
=   = P = P²  cosq – sinq +1  = 2tan2 q  2tan2 q = 2 tanq
4 4 2 4
 cosq + sinq –1  (cotq – cosecq) 67. (a) Given,
59. (c) 3(sinx – cosx) 4 + 6(sinx +
cosx)2 + 4(sinx)6 + 4(cosx)6 Put q = 45°
1 1
put x = 45°  1
–
1
+1
 cos ecq – cot q – sin q = x
 3[sin45° – cos45°]4 + 6[sin45°  2 2 
+ cos45°] 2 + 4[sin45°] 6 + = 
1 1 
 1– 2  
sin q – cos ecq  cot q
=x
 + –1  sin q(cos ecq – cot q)
4[cos45°]6  2 2 
2 6 1 cos q
 1 1   1   2  sin q – 

 3×0+6 
 2
 + 4 × 
2

2 =   1– 2
2 – 2 
   sin q sin q = x
1– cos q
6
 1 
 1  sin2   cos– 1
+4
 2  = 
 2 – 1 

1– 2 = – 1  
1 – cos 
=x
1 1 63. (a) sin6q + cos6q + 3sin2q cos2q –1 – cos 2 q  cos q
= 12 + + = 13  =x
2 2 = (sin2q)3 + (cos2q)3 + 3sin2qcos2q.1 1– cos q
60. (c) Statement-I: –1
cos q[1– cos q]
sin3 q  cos 3 q = (sin2q)3 + (cos2q)3 + 3sin2q cos2q  = x  x = cosq
+ sinq cosq = 1 [1– cos q]
sin q  cos q (sin2q + cos2q) –1
= (sin2q  cos2q)3 – 1 = 1 – 1 = 0 Then,
 a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 + b2 – ab)
64. (b) Consider, 1 1
 sin2q + cos2q – sinq cosq + sinq –
cosq = 1 (1 + tantan)2 + (tan – tan)2 cosecq  cotq sinq
1=1 = 1 + tan2tan2 + 2tantan + sinq – cosec q – cotq
tan2 + tan2 –2tantan 
Hence, statement (i) is true. sinq (cosec q  cotq )
Statement-II: = (1+ tan2) + tan2tan2 + tan2
1 cosq
1 – sin6q = cos2q (cos4q + 3 sin2q) = (1 + tan2) + tan2(1 + tan2) sinq – –
 sinq sinq
 1 – sin6q = cos6q + 3 cos2q sin2q = (1 + tan2) (1 + tan2)
1  cos q
 1 = sin6q + cos6q + 3 cos2q sin2q = sec2.sec2
(cos2q + sin2q) Alternate Method:-
sin2 q –1– cos q – cos 2 q – cos q
 1 = [sin2q + cos2q]3 = 13 Let,  =  = 45°  
1  cos q 1  cos q
Hence, statement (ii) is also  (1 + tantan)² + (tan –
true. tan)² – cos q (cos q  1)
  – cosq = –x
 Both statements are true.  (1 + 1)² + (1 – 1)² = 2² = 4 1  cosq

8 4 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
Alternate Method:- Alternate method:-
1  2sin cos  sin   cos 
(sec 2  + tantan – tan 2 ) 2 + = =
1 1 sin  cos  sin  cos 
– x (tan – tan)2 – sec2sec2
cosec q – cot q sinq
= (1 + tan tan)2 + tan2 + tan2 (True)
Let, q = 45° – 2 tantan – sec2.sec2 Only (i) is true.
1 1 = 1 + tan2 tan2 + 2tan tan +
– x 74. (b) Given,
2 –1 1 tan 2  + tan 2  –2tan tan –
sec2sec2  1  sin  1 sin 
2 x= = 
= sec2 + tan2 tan2 + tan2  – cos  cos  cos 
2 + 1 – 2 = x = 1. sec2 sec2 = secq + tanq
Now consider, secq + tanq = x
= sec2 [1 – sec2] + tan2 [1 +
1 1 tan2] 1
– x secq – tanq =
cosec q  cot q sinq = sec2 [–tan2] + tan2sec2  0 x
Let, q = 45° 71. (c) tanq + secq = 3 Consider,
Squaring both sides. x –1
1 1 tan   sec  –1
– x  tan2q + sec2q + 2tanq secq = 9 = 1
2 1 1 tan  – sec   1 1–
 sec2q – 1 + sec2q + 2tanq secq = 9 x
2
 2 sec2q – 1 + 2tanq secq = 9 (x –1)x
2 – 1 – 2 = x = –1. = (x –1) = x
 2 secq [secq + tanq] = 10
68. (b) Consider statement-1: Alternate method:-
 2secq [3] = 10
2sin2q – cosq + 4 = 0 Let, q = 45°
 2(1 – cos2q) – cosq + 4 = 0 10 5
secq = = 1
2 – 2cos2q – cosq + 4 = 0 6 3 1
2cos2q + cosq – 6 = 0 5 4 2
tanq = 3 – = x= = 2 +1
3 3 1
–1  1  48 2
cosq =  4  5
2 2  3tanq + 9secq =  3  3  +  9  3  Consider,
   
–1  7 6 3 tan q  sec q –1 1  2 –1
cosq =   (taking +ve) = 4 + 15 = 19
4 4 2
72. (a) Given, tan q – sec q  1 = 1– 2  1
–8
and cosq = = –2(not possible)  2 cos2q + sinq – 2 = 0
4 2 1
 2 – 2 sin2q + sinq – 2 = 0 = = = 2 +1=x
Hence, incorrect statement. 2– 2 2 –1
 2 sin2q – sinq = 0
Statement II: 75. (d) 7sin4q + 9cos4q + 42sin2q = 16
 2 sin2q = sinq
tanq + cotq  2 put q = 30°
1
tan   cot   sinq = = sin30° 4
since,  tan  .cot  2 1
4
 3
2  7 ×   + 9 ×  2  +
[ A.M  G.M]  2  
 q = 30° =
tan   cot  6 2
 1 1
2 73. (a) Statement I : 42 ×   = 16
2
tanq + cotq  2
sec2   cos ec 2 = tanq + cotq 1
Which is correct.  tan30° =
3
 Only statement 2 is correct. 1 1
  = tanq + cotq 76. (c) Given,
69. (b) Given, cos2  sin2  (1 + cotq – cosecq) (1 + tanq +
1 – cos   sin  1 – sin 
x= × 1 – sin  1 secq)
1  sin  sin  cos 
 sin  cos  = + put q = 45°
cos  sin 
1– cos   sin  – sin   cos  sin  – sin2  = (1 + cot45° – cosec45°) (1 +
= 1– sin2  tan45° + sec45°)
1 1
 sin  cos  = cos  sin  = (True) = (1 + 1 –
2
(1 – sin ) – cos   cos  sin  2 )(1 + 1 + 2)
= Statement II :
cos 2  = (2 – 2 ) (2 + 2 )
cos  2 2 =4–2=2
= [cosq – 1 + sinq] tan   cot   4 = secq + cosecq
cos2  Alternate Method:
sin   cos  –1  tan2   1  cot2   1  2  cos  1   sin  1 
=
cos  1  –  1   
 sin  sin    cos  cos 
sin   cos  –1 1 1
x = = +  sin   cos  –1   cos   sin   1 
cos  cos  sin  =   
 sin    cos  
70. (b) (sec2 + tantan – tan2)2 sin   cos 
+ (tan – tan)2 – sec2sec2  sec2   cos ec2  2 = (sin   cos )2 –1
sin  cos  =
Let  =  = 45° sin  cos 
(2 + 1 – 1)2 + (1 – 1)2 – 2.2 1 1 sin   cos 
  2 = 1  2sin  cos  –1
=4+0–4=0 cos2  sin2  sin  cos  = =2
sin  cos 

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs8 5
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
2 2
1– 2sin  cos  80. (a) Given, 83. (b) 3 sinq + 5 cosq = 5
77. (d) 4
sin4   cos 4  3sinq + 5cosq = 5 5 sinq – 3 cosq = x (say)
1  2sin2  cos2  We know, if a sinq + bcosq = x We know, if,
 4
1  2sin2  cos2  a sinq + b cosq = c
and bsinq – acosq = y
1 + 4 = 5 then, b sinq – a cosq = x
Note: sin4q + cos4q = 1 – 2sin2q then, y = a 2  b2 – x 2 such that, x = a 2  b2 – c 2
+ cos2q
5sinq – 3cosq = 9  25 – 25 =  3
78. (c) Given, x= 32  52 – 52
From options; '–3' x = ± 3, but x = 3 is not in
sinA + cosA = p
81. (d) Given, options
and sin3A + cos3A = q
3 sinq + 5 cosq = 4  x = –3
We know,
84. (b) Given,
(sinA + cosA)2 = 1 + 2 sinAcosA 5sinq – 3cosq = 32  52 – 42 cos47° + sin47° = k
p2 –1  18  cos47° – sin47° = – 1  1– k 2
 sinAcosA =
2  (5 sinq – 3cosq)2 = 18
= – 2 – k2
Also, Note:
 cos247° – sin247° = (cos47° – sin47°)
(sinA + cosA)3 = sin3A + cos3A + If a sin   b cos   c  (cos47° + sin47°)
3sinAcosA(sinA + cosA)  
 p2 –1 (p) and b sin  – a cos   x  = – ( 2 – k 2 ) (k)
 p3 = q + 3  2 2 2

2 then x  a  b – c  = –k 2 – k 2
3 3 3 Alternate Method: 85. (a) Given,
p =q+ p – p
3
2 2 11 sinq + 60 cosq = 61
Given,
p3 3 We know, 60 sinq – 11 cosq
 – pq 0 3sinq + 5cosq = 4
2 2
 p3 – 3p + 2q = 0 Squaring both sides: = 112  602 – 612 = 0
Alternate Method:  9sin²q + 25cos q + 30sinqcosq
2  60 sinq – 11 cosq = 0
= 16 (i)  60 sinq = 11 cosq
Let, A = 45º
sin  11
sinA + cosA = sin45º + cos45º Consider,  =
cos  60
1 1 2 25 sin2q + 9 cos2q – 30sinq cosq
=    2p 11 60
2 2 2 = p2 ......(ii)  tanq = , cotq =
60 11
also,
Equation (i) + (ii) Consider,
sin³A + cos³A
 34(sin2q + cos2q) = 16 + p2 660 (tan   cot )
1 1 1
=   q  p2 = 34 – 16 = 18
2 2 2 2 2  11 60 
From given options:  (5 sinq – 3cosq)2 = 18 = 660    = 121  3600
 60 11 
(c) p³ – 3p + 2q 82. (a) x = msecA + ntanA
= 61
y = mtanA + nsecA
2 86. (d) 0 < q < 90°
= 2 2–3 2 0 (x + y) = (secA + tanA) (m + n) tanq = 1 = tan45°
2
(x – y) = (m – n) (secA – tanA)  q = 45°
Hence, (c) is required option.
 x2 – y2 = (x + y) (x – y) = (m + n)  sin2q – 2sinq cosq
79. (a) –2sin4 cos2 –sin4 – 2sin² (m – n) (secA + tanA) × (secA – = sin245° – 2sin45°cos45°
cos4 – cos4
tanA) 1 1 1
= –2sin2q cos2q [sin2q + cos2q] – = –2× ×
= (m2 – n2) (sec2A – tan2A) 2 2 2
sin4q – cos4q
= (m2 – n2) × 1 = (m2 – n2) 1 1
= – [(sin²q + cos²q)2] = – 1 = –1= –
2 2
Alternate Method: Alternate Method:
87. (b) Given,
2sin6q + 2cos6q – 3sin4q – 3cos4q Let, A = 45º tanx = 1
put q = 45°  x = 45°
 x = m 2n
6 6 4 Consider,
 1   1   1 
= 2 × +2×  –3×  y=m+ n 2 2 sinx cosx = 2 sin45° cos45°
 2   2   2 
 x² – y² = (x – y) (x + y) 1 1
 1 
4 =2× × =1
2 2
–3×  = (m2 + n – m – n2) (m2 + n +
 2  m + n2) Alternate Method:
1 1 3 3 tanx = 1
= [m(2 – 1) + n(1 – 2)] [m(2 +
= + – – tanx = tan45°
4 4 4 4 1) + n (2 + 1)]
 x = 45°
1 3 –2 =(2 – 1) [m – n] (2 + 1) [m + n]
= – = = –1 then,
2 2 2 =[m – n] [m + n] = m² – n² 2sinx.cosx = sin2x = sin90° = 1

8 6 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
88. (a) secx cosecx = 2 Alternate Method: 99. (b) Least value of a sin2q + bcos2q
1 Put  = 30° = min(a,b)
 =1  min(9sin2q + 16cos2q) = 9
2cos x sin x sin30° – 2sin3 30°
 cosec2x = 1  100. (c) We know
2cos 3 30° – cos30°
 2x = 90° least value of asin2q + bcos2q
1 1  min (a,b)
 x = 45° – 2×
= 2 8  least value of 3sin2q + 4cos2q
So, tannx + cotnx = 2 3 3 3
2× – = min(3,4) = 3
89. (a) Given, 8 2 101. (c) Given,
cos + cos = 2 1 cos3q + sec3q
and sin + sin = 0 4  1 We know, when acos3q + bsec3q
= = tan30°
Let,  =  = 0° 3 3  Minimum value = a + b
If satisfies both the given 4
if a  b and 2 ab if a > b.
equations 93. (a) cosx + cos2x = 1
then, cos2 – cos2 = cos0 – cos0  cosx = 1 – cos2x = sin2x Here, a = 1, b = 1
=0  sin2x = cosx  Min = 1 + 1 = 2
90. (a) Statement-I:  sin4x = cos2x 102. (a) sin4q + cos4q – 2sin2qcos2q
 sin2x + sin4x = cosx + cos2x = 1 = (sin2q – cos2q)2
tan   sin  sec   1
= (– cos2q)2 = cos22q
tan  – sin  = sec  –1 2sin3  – sin 
94. (c) We know,
sin  [sec   1] sec   1 cos  – 2cos3 
= sin  [sec  –1] = sec  –1 cos2A  [0,1]
sin  [2sin2  –1]  Minimum value of cos22q = 0.
 True. =
cos  [1– 2cos 2 ] 103. (d) We know,
Statement-II: – cos 2 Minimum value of a sec 2q + b
= tanq × – cos 2 = tanq
2
cos  – sin  2
2 tan  cosec2q is a + b + 2 ab
= tan2   1 95. (b) Max(8sinq – 4sin2q) = ?
cos 2   sin2  Here, a = 3600, b = 121
Consider, – [4sin2q – 8sinq]  Min. value = 3600 + 121 + 2
cos 2 = – [4sin2q – 8sinq + 4 – 4]
L.H.S = 3600  121
1 = 4 – (2sinq – 2)2 = 3721 + (2 × 60 × 11)
R.H.S = sin2q  Max(4 –(2sinq – 2) 2 ) = 4 – = 3721 + 1320
 L.H.S  R.H.S min(2sinq – 2)2
= 5041
 Only statement (i) is correct. =4–0=4
104. (b) f(q) = 6 – 4 sinq
91. (b) Statement-I: 96. (b) For maximum value of the
expression 3sinq – 4, sinq 
sinq   for 0  q 
2 tan q should be maximum and we 2
cos4q – sin4q = 1– tan2 q know on q = 90° sinq will be max.  1  sinq  0
cos2q – sin2q = tan2q Maximum value 3(1) – 4 = –1 4  4 sinq  0
cos2q  tan2q 97. (a) Consider, –4  –4 sinq  0
False. = 1 + 2sin 2 q cos 2 q – [(sin 2 q + 6 – 4  6 – 4 sinq  6
Statement-II: cos2q)2 – 2 sin2q cos2q 2  6 – 4 sinq  6
= 1 + 2sin2q cos2q – 1 + 2sin2q  minimum f(q) = 2
1 cos2q
cosecq + cotq = cos ecq – cot q 105. (c) Consider,
= 4sin2q cos2q sin2 A  5 sin A  1 1
This is true by theory We know if n = even = sinA + 5 +
sin A sin A
Statement-III: n
1 
1
max (sinnq cosnq) =   sinA + + 5 for 0 < A 
1 – tan q 2
2 sin A 2
cos2q – sin2q = 1  tan2 q 2 by putting different values of A,
1 we observe that, minimum value
 max (sin q cos q) =  
2 2

cos2q = cos2q [By direct formula] 2 of given function is obtained at A

Hence, true. 1 
max (4sin2q cos2q) = 4 × =1 =
 statement (2) and (3) are true. 4 2
98. (b) We know,  1
sinq – 2sin3q Least value of acosec2q + bsec2q  min value = sin +  +5=7
92. (d) Consider, 2 sin
2cos 3q – cosq = a + b + 2 ab 2
We know, cos2 = cos2 – sin2 106. (c) Given,
 Least value of 25 cosec 2 x +
= 1 – 2sin2 = 2cos2 – 1 sec2x f(q) = cos2q + 3 sin2q + 2
Greatest value = Max(1,3) + 2 = 5
sinqcos2q sinq  25 + 1 + 2 25 Smallest value = Min(1,3) + 2 = 3
  = tan
cosq 2cos q –1 cosq
2
 26 + 10 = 36  Required difference = 5 – 3 = 2

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs8 7
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
2 4
107. (d) Given, Alternate Method:-  1   1 
2 – 2sinx – sin2x = y(say) Given, cosecq – cotq = m for q = 45°, p =    
 2  2
y = 2 – 2 sinx – sin2x + 1 – 1 1 3
 cosecq + cotq = = = 0.75
y = 3 – (sin2x + 2sinx + 1) m 4
2
y = 3 – (sinx + 1)2....(1) 1  3   1 4
We know,  2cosecq = m + for q = 60°, p =  2    2 
m    
–1  sinq  1 1 1 13
 cosecq = m+  =  0.81
but, 0  x 
 2  m 16
2 Similarly, for q = 90°, p = 1
 sinx   Value of p can neither be less
secq = tanq = n
for maxima, sinx = 0 3
1 than 0.75 = nor be more than
from (1)  secq + tanq= 4
n
ymax = 3 – (0 + 1)2 = 2 1  both statements are incorrect.
for minima, sinx = 1 1 1
 secq = n +  113. (a) Given,
ymin = 3 – (1+1)2 = –1 2 n p = secq – tanq
Consider, q = cosecq + cotq
2
 Required ratio = = –2 1 1 1 p + q(p – 1) = p + qp – q
–1 m+ +n+ 
cosecq + secq =
108. (b) Given, 2  m n consider,
cotq (1 + sinq) = 4m(1) pq = (secq – tanq) (cosecq + cotq)
1 1 1
= m+n+ +  1– sin  1  cos 
and cotq (1 – sinq) = 4n......(2) 2  m n =
cos 

sin 
Squaring and subtracting 110. (a) I. tan50° – cot50° 1  cos  – sin  – sin  cos 
(1) – (2) =
= tan50° – tan40° sin  cos 
1  tan is an increasing function p + qp – q
 m2 – n2 = cot2q [(1 + sinq)2
16 in I quadrant. 1
–
sin  1  cos  – sin  – sin  cos 

– (1 – sinq)2] = cos  cos  sin  cos 
 tan50° > tan40°
 m2 – n2  tan50° – tan40° > 0 1 cos 
– –
cot2  sin   true sin  sin 
= .4 sin  = .cot 2 
16 4 sin –sin2  1 cos  –sin –sincos  –cos  –cos2 
II. cot25° – tan25°
Squaring both side, = sincos 
tan65° – tan25°
sin2  cot 4  again, tan65° > tan25° –1  1– sin  cos 
 (m2 – n2)2 = =  –1
16  tan65° – tan25° > 0 sin  cos 
sin2  cos 2   positive (Not true) Alternate Method:-
= . .cot2  Let, q = 45°
16 sin2   Hence, only statement-1 is true
cot2 .cos 2  111. (c) Given, p= 2 –1 , q = 2 1
 (iii) then, p + qp – q
16 sin q – cos q  1
2 2
sin q  cos q –1
= psecq + qtanq = 2 –1 + 2 – 1 – 2 –1 = –1
cot (1– sin )
= 114. (a) Given,
16 Put q = 45°
cot (1 – sin) .cot  (1  sin  ) cos2  – 3 cos   2
sin 45 – cos 45  1 =1
= 4 4  sin 45  cos 45 –1 sin2 
cos2q – 3cosq + 2 = 1 – cos2q
= mn. = psec45° + qtan45° 2 cos2q – 3cosq + 1 = 0
Hence, mn = (m2 – n2)2
1 3  9–8 3 1 1
109. (a) Given, cosecq – cotq = m  2 –1 = 2p+q cosq =
4
=
4
= 1,
2
and secq – tanq = n
2 1 q = 0° or 60°
Put q = 45°
but 0 < q  90°
m= 2 –1
  
2 –1 
2 1 = 2p+q
q = 60°
 2p+q= 2 1 sin260° + cos60°
n= 2 –1 2
p=q=1  3 1 3 1 5
Now,   + = + =
p+q=2 2 2 4 2 4
 
cosecq + secq = 2 + 2  2 2 112. (d) Given, 115. (a) Let, A = 90°, B = 30°, C = 60°
From options:- 
p = sin2q + cos4q 0  q  BC  BC A
1 1 1 2 tan   + sin   – cot  
m+n+ +   2   2  2
(a) for q = 0, p = 1
2  m n A
2 4
– cos  
1 1  3  2
=  2 – 1+ 2 – 1+ 2 +1+ 2 +1 for q = 30°, p =  2    2 
2     = tan45° + sin45° – cot45° – cos45°
=2 2 13 1 1
=  0.81 =1+ –1– =0
Which satisfies 16 2 2

8 8 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
116. (b) A 120. (b) Given, 126. (d) Given,
cosq < cos cosecq – cotq = m
1 cos 
12 15 – =m
sin  sin 
 1 – cos 
9 0 =m
C B 2 sin 
clearly, given sides are triplets of 1
1–
a right angle triangle from, 0° < q < 90°, cos is a decreasing 2
then, cos2A + cos2B + cos2C function. Let q = 45°  m = 1 = 2 –1
 12 
2
 9 
2  cosq < cos  q >  2
  +   + cos90° a b cosec 45° = 2
 15   15 
121. (a) sinq = From options:-
12  9 2 2
15 2 2 ab
= = =1  –1  sinq  1 1 1
152 152 (a) m + = 2 –1 +
117. (a) a b m 2 –1
A  –1  1
2 ab 4–2 2 [ 2 –1]
ab = = 2 2
2 –1 2 –1
12 15  – ab   ab ....(i)
2
= 2 2 
2 not correct
We know, A.M  G.M
9 1 1
C B ab (b) m – = 2 –1 – 2 –1
ie,  ab ......(ii) m
sin2A + sin2B + sin2C 2
(From above solution) from (i) and (ii) 2–2 2 2(1 – 2)
= =
2 2 2 –1 2 –1
 9   12  ab
=   +   + sin290° = ab = –2 
 15   15  2 2
2
9  12 2
a2 + b2 + 2ab = 4ab m 2
= +1 (c) +
152  a2 + b2 – 2ab = 0 2 m
152  (a – b)2 = 0 2 –1 2
=
152
+1=1+1=2 a=b
=
2
+ 2 –1  2
118. (c) Given, 122. (b) Given, m 1 1
2 –1
tan8q + cot8q = m. sinq cosq = k (d) + = + 2( 2 –1)
2 2m 2
1
1  × 2sinq cosq = k 2 2 ( 2 –1)
tan8q + =m 2 =
tan8 q 2( 2 –1)
 sin2q = 2k
We know, If We know, = 2 = cosec 45°
1 –1  sin2q  1  0  2k  1 Alternate Method:
x8 + 8 = m
x 1 cosecq – cotq = m (i)
1 0 k   0  k  0.5
2 1
= x4 + 4 = m  2 cosecq + cotq = (ii)
x 123. (a) Note: when we go 0° to 90° sin m
Again, will increase and cos will Solving (i) and (ii)
1 dicrease but in 0 to 45° cos > sin
x2 + 2 = m2 2 1 1 m 1
x and from 45 to 90° sin > cos cosecq = 2  m  m   
1. sin1° < cos75° = sin15° (true)   2 2m
Finally,
2. cos60° > sin75° = cos15° (false) 127. (a) Given,
1 tan2q + 3secq – 9 = 0
x+ = m2 2 2 Hence, only (1) is true.
x
124. (d) Given, sin2  3
 tanq + cotq = m2 2 2 y = cos2x  sec2x.......(i)  2 + –9=0
cos  cos 
We know, A.M  G.M
119. (c) Given,  (1 – cos2q) + 3cosq – 9cos2q = 0
sin   cos  cos 2 x  sec 2 x  10 cos2q – 3cosq – 1 = 0
5  2 2
cos x .sec x
sin  – cos  = 1
2
cos x + sec x  2
2 2 3  9  40
Using componendo and  cosq =
y  2. 20
dividendo. 37 1 1
125. (d) Given,
sin q 5 1 6 3 sec 2  – tan  = = , –
20 2 5
= = = x = sec 2   tan 
cos q 5 –1 4 2 1
Let, sinq = 3a, cosq = 2a put x = 45° cosq = = cos60°
2
Consider, sec 2 45 – tan 45 Put q = 60° in 12 cot2q + 3 cosecq
 x = sec 2 45  tan 45
2sin q  3cos q 2  3a  3  2a (12 × cot260°) + 3cosec60°
2 –1 1
3sin q – 2cos q = 3  3a – 2  2a  2 1   1 2
3 = 12  3  + 3 ×
6a  6a   3
12a 12 1
= 9a – 4a = = Only option in (d) x = = 4 + 2 3 = ( 3  1)2
5a 5 3
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs8 9
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
128. (c) Given, 131. (b) Given, 133. (c) Consider statement - I :
cot  – (3 + 1) cot + 3 = 0
2 x cosq = x2 + p Let cosq  secq = 1.5
 x2 – xcosq + p = 0 1 3
( 3 1)  ( 3 1)2 – 4 3 We know, cosq + =
cotq = cos  2
2 for real roots, b2 – 4ac > 0 = 2 cos²q  2  3 cosq
 (–cosq)2 – 4 × 1 × p > 0 2 cos2q – 3 cosq + 2 = 0
( 3  1)  4  2 3 – 4 3
=  cos2q – 4p > 0
2 3  9 –16

 4p < cos2q (0  q  ) cosq =
( 3  1)  ( 3 –1) 4 2 2
= = 3,1
2 Putq = 45° It is a complex root, which is
  1 
2 not possible  statement 1 is
q = 30° or q = 45°, but 0 < q <   1 correct.
4
 p   2  p 
q = 45° not possible. 8 Statement - II :
4
Hence, put q = 30° in sinq + cosq 132. (c) Statement I : Let, sec2q + cosec2q < 4
The value of cos2q  [0, 1] 1 1
3 1   4
= sin30° + cos30° = + The value of 1 – cos2q  [0, 1] cos2  sin2 
2 2
0  1 – cos2q  1  sin2q + cos2q < 4 sin2qcos2q
3 1 2
p q 2
 1 < 4 sin2qcos2q, which is not
= 0 1
2 2pq possible

129. (a) (sin q – 4 sinq + 3) (4 – cos q
2
0  p 2 + q 2 is always true as 1
+ 4 sinq) = 0 square terms are always greater sin2qcos2q  [0, ]
4
We know, if A × B = 0 than zero
1  4sin2q .cos2q
 either A = 0 or B = 0 Similarly,
 Statement 2 is correct
Case I : p2  q 2 Hence, both statement 1 and 2
1
2pq is correct.
sin2q – 4 sinq + 3 = 0
 p2 + q2  2pq 134. (b) We know,
4  16 –12  p2 + q2 – 2pq  0
 sinq = 0  sinq  1 for 0  q  90°
2  (p – q)  0  0  sin q  1  0  4 sin2q  4
2

42 As square term can never be

 sinq = = 3, 1  1  4sin2q + 1  5
2 less than zero  (p – q)2 = 0
 4 sin2q [1,5]
 not possible. p=q
Now by options:
Statement II :
Case II : (a) not possible because the
4pq
4 – cos2q + 4 sinq = 0 Given: tan2q = (p  q)2 –1 value of (4 sin2q + 1) can be
 4 – 1 + sin2q + 4 sinq = 0 b/w 1 and 2 also.
4pq (c) is not possible at q = 0°. The
 sin2q + 4 sinq + 3 = 0  sec2q = (p  q)2 value of 4 cosq = 4 and value
– 4  16 –12 of 4 sin2q + 1 is 1
 sinq = (p  q)2
2  cos2q =  4 cosq > 4 sin2q + 1
4pq
– 42 (d) not possible because at q =
= = –1, –3  cosq  [0, 1]
2 90°, 4 tanq = 
(p  q)2  (b) is correct option.
 not possible 0 1
4pq 135. (a) Given,
 none satisfies.
(p  q)2 100q = 90
130. (a) Consider statement I : 0
4pq
cos61° + sin29° = sin29° + sin29° We know,  =  99
n 1 cotnq
0  (p + q)2 is always true since
= 2 sin29° square terms are always   = cotq × cot2q × ...... cot99q
positive. Consider,
1
 2 sin30° = 2 × =1 Similarly, tanq = cot(90° – q)
2
[ sin is an increasing function] tanq = cot(100q – q) = cot99q
(p  q)2
4pq  1
tan2q = cot(100q – 2q) = cot98q
Hence, true statement.
Hence,  = cotq × cot2q ×.......×
Statement II :  p2 + q2 – 2pq  0 cot50q × tan49q × .......× tan3q ×
tan23° – cot67° = cot67° – cot67°  (p – q)2  0, which is true for tan2q × tanq
(p – q)  
=0  100 q = 90
p=q   = cot50q
Wrong statement.  50 q = 45°
 Hence, both statement 1 and
 only (1) is true. 2 are true.  = cot45° = 1

9 0 Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Trigonometry (f=kdks.kfefr
)
136. (b) Consider, 1 Equation (2)-
m=n=
4 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 3 4–3 1
m3 n3  m3 n 3  (m2n)3  (n2m)3 – = = = q3
6 6
3 2 2 3 2 3
Given,  m  m  m²  m² = 2m²
3 3

2
Consider,
m = cosecq – sinq & n = secq – cosq  1 
=2×   1 1
then, m2n = (cosecq – sinq)2 (secq
 2 q3 2 3 1 2 1

 1 – sin2   2 (1– cos 2 ) 137. (d) Statement I : p3 3 = 2 33 = 3 3
– cosq) =  sin   cos 
  1 2
sinq = x +
x 1

cos 4  sin2  q  1 3 1
2    = tan30°
= = cos3q 1  1 p 3 3  3
sin2  cos  sin2q = x2 + + 2 = x –  + 4
x2  x
similarly, mn2 = (cosecq – sinq) q
Which is not possible since sin2q Hence, tanq = .
(secq – cosq)2 p
1
Statement II : 139. (c) Consider,
sin4  cos 2 
= = sin3q 1 The range of given trigonometric
cos 2  sin  cosq = x + functions:
x
2 2 1. sec   [–,–1] U [1,]
 (m2n)3  (mn2 )3 1
cos2q = x2 + +2
x2 1
= sin2q + cos2q = 1  sec  = not possible. (– 1
1
2 4
Alternate Method:- 
= x –  +44 between 1)
Put q = 45º  x
2. tan  [–, ]
 cosec45º – sin45º = m Which is again not possible,
since, cos2q  1 tan = 20 is possible
1
 2 – =m  neither 1 nor 2 are correct. 3. cosec   R – (–1,1)
2
138. (b) Given, Where R is real numbers
1
 m cosecq – sinq = p3......(1) 1
2  cosec  = not possible (– 1, 1)
and sec45º – cos45º = n secq – cosq = q3.......(2) 2
Put = 30° 4. cos   [–1, 1]
1
 n Equation (1)-
2 cos  = 2 not possible
4 2 2 2 1 3 So, Statements-3 are not
Consider, m 3 ,n 3  m 3 ,n 3 2– = = p3
2 2 possible



Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs9 1
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)

Chapter
MENSURATION-2D
10 f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
TYPE - I ABC esa]ABC = 60º vkSjAD ÅapkbZ 9. ABC is a right-angled triangle,
1. What is the area of a triangle gSA ;fn
AB = 6 lseh vkSjBC = 8 lsehgS right angled at B such that AB =
6 cm and BC = 8 cm. What is the
having sides 4, 4 and 6 units ? rks f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ perimeter of the square inscribed
fdlh f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS ftldh Hkqtk,a UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
in the triangle ABC with
(a) 12 square cm
4] 4 vkSj 6bdkbZ
gSa\ maximum area?
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 (b) 12 3 square cm ABC ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt gS] ftldk dks.k
(a) 3 7 square unit (c) 24 square cm bl çdkj ledks.k gS fdAB = 6 lsehvkSj
(b) 8 square unit (d) 24 3 square cm BC = 8 lseh gSA vf/dre {ks=kiQy okys f=kHkq
(c) 7 square unit 6. What is the area of OMN? ABC esa vafdr oxZ dk ifjeki D;k gS\
OMN dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2024
(d) 7 3 square unit 24 96
2. The base of a right-angled triangle O (a) cm (b) cm
7 7
4 (c) 24 cm (d) 32 cm
is times the height of triangle.
3 6 10. The perimeter and the area of a
If the area of the triangle is 54 right-angled triangle are 36 cm and
square cm, then what is the 54 square cm respectively. What
perimeter of the triangle ? M Q N is the length of the hypotenuse?
,d ledks.kh; f=kHkqt dk vk/kj f=kHkqt 16
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
,d ledks.kh; f=kHkqt ds ifjeki vkSj {ks=kiQy
Øe'k% 36 lseh vkSj 54 oxZ lseh gSaA d.kZ
xquk gSA ;fn f=kHkqt dk(a) 36 square cm/36 oxZ lseh
4
dh ÅapkbZ dk
3 dh yackbZ D;k gS\
(b) 40 square cm/40 oxZ lseh
{ks=kiQy 54 oxZ lseh gS] rks f=kHkqt dk ifjeki UPSC CDS-I 2023
(c) 45 square cm/45 oxZ lseh (a) 12 cm (b) 14 cm
D;k gS\
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(d) 48 square cm/48 oxZ lseh (c) 15 cm (d) 16 cm
(a) 30 cm (b) 32 cm 7. In ABC, AB = 21cm BC = 20cm 11. A triangle has side lengths x cm,
and CA = 13cm A per- pendicular (x + 13) cm and (x + 26) cm. If its
(c) 36 cm (d) 40 cm area is 126 square cm, then what
CD is drawn upon the longest
3. Let ABC be a triangle with area 36 side. What is the area of the is the value of x ?
square cm. If AB = 9 cm, BC = BCD? ,d f=kHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa xdhlseh]
yackbZ
(x +
12cm and ABC =  , then what
is cos equal to ?
,d ABC esa]AB = 21 lseh]BC = 20 13) lseh vkSj
(x + 26) lseh gSA ;fn bldk
lseh vkSjCA = 13 lseh gSA nh?kZre Hkqtk
{ks=kiQy 126 oxZ lseh x dk
gS]eku
rksD;k gS\
eku yhft, ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS ftldk
ij ,d yac CD •hapk tkrk gSABCD UPSC CDS-II 2022
{ks=kiQy 36 oxZ lseh gSA
AB =;fn
9 lseh,
dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS \ (a) 18 (b) 17
BC = 12 lsehvkSjABC =  gS rks UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 (c) 19 (d) 15
cos fdlds cjkcj gS\ (a) 96 square cm 12. If the perimeter of a right-angled
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 (b) 84 square cm triangle is 30 cm and the
(c) 80 square cm hypotenuse is 13 cm, then what
5 5 is the area of the triangle?
(a) (b) (d) 72 square cm
3 4
8. In a right angled triangle ABC, AB =
;fn ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt dk ifjeki 30
(c)
1
(d)
2
15 cm, BC = 20 cm and AC = 25 cm. lseh vkSj d.kZ 13 lseh gS] rks f=kHkqt dk
3 3 Further, BP is the perpendicular on {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
4. The sides of a triangle are 5 cm, AC. What is the difference in the UPSC CDS-I 2021
6 cm and 7 cm. The approximately area of triangles PAB and PCB? (a) 24 cm² (b) 27 cm²
area of triangle is.
ledks.k f=kHkqtABC esa]AB = 15 lseh, (c) 30 cm² (d) 36 cm²
,d f=kHkqt dh Hkqtk,¡ 5 lsaeh] 6 lsaeh vkSjBC7= 20 lseh vkSjAC = 25 lseh gSA blds13. The two sides of a triangle are 40 cm
lsaeh gSaA f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy yxHkx fdruk gS\
vykok]BP] AC ij yacor gSA f=kHkqt PAB
and 41 cm. If the perimeter of the
triangle is 90 cm, what is its area?
UPSC CDS-II 2018
vkSjPCB ds {ks=kiQy esa D;k varj gS\
(a) 14.9 cm² (b) 14.7 cm² UPSC CDS-I 2024
,d f=kHkqt dh nks Hkqtk,¡ 40 lseh vkSj 41
(c) 14.5 cm² (d) 14.3 cm² (a) 40 square cm/oxZ lseh lseh gSaA ;fn f=kHkqt dk ifjeki 90 lseh gS]
5. In ABC, ABC = 60º and AD is (b) 42 square cm/oxZ lseh
rks bldk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
the altitude. If AB = 6 cm and BC UPSC CDS-II 2020

= 8 cm, then what is the area of (c) 45 square cm/oxZ lseh (a) 90 cm² (b) 135 cm²
the triangle? (d) 48 square cm/oxZ lseh (c) 150 cm² (d) 180 cm²

138 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
14. If the length of the hypotenuse of 23. ABC is a triangle with sides AB =
(a) (2 3 – ) square cm 6 cm, BC = 10 cm and CA = 8. With
a right angled triangle is 10 cm,
then what is the maximum area (b) (3 3 – ) square cm vertices A, B and C as centres,
of such a right angled triangle? three circles are drawn each
;fn ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt ds d.kZ dh yackbZ (c) (4 3 – 2) square cm touching the other two externally.
10 lsaeh gS] rks bl çdkj ds ledks.k f=kHkqt
(d) (4 3 – ) square cm If P, Q and R are the areas of
dk vf/dre- {ks=kiQy fdruk gS \ 19. In ABC, DE is a line segment sectors at A, B and C within the
UPSC CDS-II 2019 which intersects AB at D and AC triangle respectively, then which
(a) 100 cm2 (b) 50 cm2 at E such that DE is parallel to of the following is/are correct?
(c) 25 cm 2
(d) 10 cm2 BC. The line segment divides the ,d f=kHkqt gS ftldh Hkqtk,¡
ABC B=6
15. An equilateral triangle and a lseh] BC = 10 lseh vkSjCA = 8 gSaA
triangle in two parts of equal area.
square are constructed using BD
metallic wires of equal length. What is equal to? 'kh"kZ
A, B vkSjC dks dsaæ ekudj rhu
AB
o`Ùk •haps x, gSa] ftuesa ls çR;sd vU; nk
What is the ratio of area of ,d ABC esa]DE ,d js[kk[kaM gS
tks
triangle to that of square?
AB dks D ij vkSj AC dks E ij bl
dks cká :i ls Li'kZ djrk gS]
cjkcj yackbZ okys /krq ds nks rkjksa esa
izdkjls izfrPNsn djrk gSDE, ;fn P, Q vkSjR Øe'k% f=kHkqt ds Hkhrj
fd BC ds
,d ls ,d leckgq f=kHkqt vkSj nwljs ls lekarj gSA js[kk[kaM f=kHkqt dks leku {ks=kiQy
A, B vkSjC ij f=kT;[kaMksa ds {ks=k gSa
,d oxZ cuk;k tkrk gSA f=kHkqt ds {ks=kiQy BD fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk@ls lgh gS@gSa
ls oxZ ds {ks=kiQy dk vuqikr D;k gS \ okys nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr
AB
djrk gSA
1. P =  cm²
(a) 3 : 4
UPSC CDS-II 2019
(b) 2 : 3
fdlds cjkcj gS\
CDS 2022 (II)
2. 9Q + 4R = 36 cm²
(c) 4 3 : 9 (d) 2 3 : 9 Select the correct answer using
2 –1 2 –1
16. Suppose P, Q and R are the mid- (a) (b) the code given below
2 2
points of sides of a triangle of UPSC CDS-II 2021
area 128 cm². If a triangle ABC is 3 –1 (a) 1 only
drawn by joining the mid-points of (c) (d) 2
3 (b) 2 only
sides of triangle PQR, then what 20. Two sides of a triangle forming a
is the area of triangle ABC? right angle are 6x² and (2x² –1). If (c) Both 1 and 2
eku yhft, P, Q vkSj R, 128 lsaeh 2
the area of the triangle is 84 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
{ks=kiQy okys f=kHkqt dh Hkqtkvksasquare
ds eè; units, then what is the 24. The radius of circum-circle of a
fcanq gSaA ;fn f=kHkqt
PQR dh Hkqtkvksa ds perimeter of the triangle? right-angled triangle is 10 cm and
eè; fcanqvksa dks feykdj ,d f=kHkqt
ABC ,d ledks.k cukus okys f=kHkqt dh nks Hkqtk,¡
the altitude drawn to the
cuk;k tk,] rks f=kHkqt
ABC dk {ks=kiQy 6x² vkSj(2x² – 1) gSaA ;fn f=kHkqt dkhypotenuse is 8 cm. What is the
D;k gksxk\ {ks=kiQy 84 oxZ bdkbZ gS] rks f=kHkqt dkthe triangle?
area of
UPSC CDS-II 2019 ifjeki D;k gS\ ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt ds ifjo`Ùk dh f=kT;k
(a) 4 cm² (b) 8 cm² UPSC CDS-I 2022 10 lseh gS vkSj d.kZ ij •haph xbZ Å¡pkb
(c) 16 cm² (d) 32 cm² (a) 51 units (b) 53 units 8 lseh gSA f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS
17. X, Y and Z are three equilateral (c) 56 units (d) 59 units UPSC CDS-II 2021
triangles. The sum of the areas of 21. An equilateral triangular sheet is (a) 60 cm²
X and Y is equal to the area of Z. formed by joining 9 equilateral
If the side lengths of X and Y are triangular sheets each of area (b) 80 cm²
6 cm and 8 cm respectively, then (c) 100 cm²
what is the side length of Z? 9 3 cm². What is the height of
the bigger triangular sheet? (d) 120 cm²
X, Y vkSjZ rhu leckgq f=kHkqtX gSaA
25. If the angles of a triangle are 30°
vkSjY ds {ks=kiQy dk Z ;ksx
ds {ks=kiQy lseh2 {ks=kiQy okyh 9
9 3 leckgq
and 45° and the included side is
ds cjkcj gSA ;fn X vkSjY dh Hkqtkvksaf=kHkqtkdkj 'khVksa dks feykdj ,d leckgq
f=kHkqtkdkj 'khV cukbZ tkrh gSA ( cM+h
dh yackbZ Øe'k% 6 lseh vkSj 8 lseh gS] 3  1) cm, then what is the area
rksZ dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ D;k gS\ f=kHkqtkdkj 'khV dh mQ¡pkbZ fdruh gS\ the triangle?
of
UPSC CDS-II 2022 UPSC CDS-I 2022 ;fn ,d f=kHkqt ds dks.k
30° vkSj45° gSa vkSj
(a) 9 cm (b) 9.5 cm mudh varxZr (loZfu"B) Hkqtk dh yEckb
(a) 9 3 cm (b) 18
(c) 10 cm (d) 10.5 cm
18. In an equilateral triangle of side (c) 18 3 cm (d) 27 ( 3  1) lsaeh gS] rks f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy D

2 3 cm, a circle is inscribed 22. If the perimeter of an isosceles UPSC CDS-II 2019

touching the sides. What is the right triangle is 4(2 + 2 ) cm, then (a) ( 3  1) cm2
area of the remaining portion of what is its area in square cm?
the triangle? ;fn ,d lef}ckgq ledks.k f=kHkqt dk (b) ( 3  3) cm2
2 3 lseh dh Hkqtk okys ,d leckgq f=kHkqt
ifjeki 4(2 + 2 ) lseh gS] rks oxZ lseh
ds varxZr ,d o`Ùk [khapk tkrk gS] tks f=kHkqt
esa bldk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ 1
(c) ( 3  1) cm2
dh Hkqtkvksa dks Li'kZ djrk gSA f=kHkqt ds UPSC CDS-II 2022 2
'ks"k cps fgLls dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ (a) 8 (b) 12
UPSC CDS-II 2022 (c) 16 (d) 24 (d) 2( 3  1) cm2

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
139
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
26. What is the area of the triangle 31. The areas of two similar triangles 3 3l 2 3l 2
y z (a) (b)
having side lengths + , are (7  4 3) cm² and (7  4 3 ) cm² 16 16
z x
respectively. The ratio fo their 3 3l 2 3l 2
z x x y corresponding sides is (c) (d)
+y , y + ? 32 32
x z
nks le:i f=kHkqtksa ds {ks=kiQy 35.Øe'k%
A square and an equilateral
ml f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy
D;k gS ftldh Hkqtkvksa triangle have the same perimeter.
y z z x x y (7  4 3) lsaeh
2
vkSj(7  4 3 ) lsaeh
2
gSaA If the diagonal of the square is
dh yackbZ
z
+ , + , y+
x x y z
gS\ mudh laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr D;k gS\ 6 2 cm, then what is the area of
UPSC CDS-I 2020 UPSC CDS-II 2018
ADC?
(a)
x y z
 
xyz
(b) x  y  z
(a) 7  4 3 (b) 7  3 3 ,d oxZ vkSj ,d leckgq f=kHkqt dk ifjeki
y z x
(c) 5  3 (d) 5  3 cjkcj gSA ;fn oxZ dk fod.kZ
6 2 lsaeh
( x  y  z )2 xy  yz  zx
(c) xyz (d) 32. An
xyz
equilateral triangle, a square gS] rks f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
and a circle have equal perimeter. UPSC CDS-I 2018
27. If l is the length of the median of
If T, S and C denote the area of (a) 12 2 cm2 (b) 16 2 cm2
an equilateral triangle, then what
is its area? the triangle, area of the square
and area of the circle respectively, (c) 12 3 cm2 (d) 16 3 cm2
;fn fdlh leckgq f=kHkqt dh ekfè;dk then which one of the following is
(ehfM;u) dh yackbZl gS] rks bldk {ks=kiQy correct?
TYPE - II
36. In a quadrilateral ABCD, AB = BC
D;k gS \
UPSC CDS-II 2019
,d leckgq f=kHkqt] ,d oxZ vkSj ,d o`Ùkand CD = DA; AC and BD are
2 dk ifjeki cjkcj gSA ;fnT, S vkSjC diagonals such that AC = 6cm and
3l 3l 2 BD = 12cm. What is the area of
(a) (b) Øe'k% f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy] oxZ dk {ks=kiQy the quadrilateral?
3 2
vkSj o`Ùk dk {ks=kiQy fufnZ"V djrs gSa] rks
prqHkZqt
ABCD esa]AB = BC vkSjCD =
(c) 3l 2 (d) 2l2
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS\ DA, AC vkSjBD fod.kZ bl çdkj gSa
Direction:- Consider the following
for the next two (02) question
UPSC CDS-II 2018
fd AC = 6 lseh vkSjBD = 12 lseh gSA
(a) T < S < C (b) S < T < C prqHkZqt dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
that follow:
vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r (c) C < S < T (d) T < C < S UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 24 cm² (b) 30 cm²
ij fopkj djsa% 33. If base and hypotenuse of a right
2 2 2 2
triangle are (u – v ) and (u + v ) (c) 36 cm² (d) 40 cm²
An equilateral ABC is inscribed Direction:- Consider the
respectively and the area of the
in a circle of radius 20 3 cm. following for the nex t two (02)
triangle is 2016 square units, then
,d leckgq ABC, 20 3 dh f=kT;k okys the perimeter of the triangle may question that follow:
,d o`Ùk ds varxZr gSA be vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy,
28. What is the length of the side of ;fn ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt dk vk/kj vkSj fuEufyf•r ij fopkj djsa%
the triangle? Let, two parallel line segments
d.kZ Øe'k%(u2 – v2) vkSj(u2 + v2) gSa]
f=kHkqt dh Hkqtk dh yEcbZ D;k gS\ vkSj f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy 2016 oxZ bdkbZ
PQ = 5 cm and RS = 3 cm be
gS]
UPSC CDS-I 2019 perpendicular to a horizontal line
(a) 30 cm (b) 40 cm rks f=kHkqt dk ifjeki fdruk gS\ AB, as shown in figure given
(c) 50 cm (d) 60 cm UPSC CDS-II 2018 below. The point of intersection
of PS and QR is M and MN is
29. The centroid of the ABC is at a (a) 224 units/224 bdkbZ perpendicular to QS.
distance d from the vertex A.
(b) 288 units/288 bdkbZ eku yhft,] nks lekarj js•k•aM
PQ = 5
What is d equal to?
ABC ds dsUæd] 'kh"kZ A ls d nwjh ij (c) 448 units/448 bdkbZ lseh vkSjRS = 3 lseh ,d {kSfrt js•k
gS] rks
d fdlds cjkcj gS\ AB ij yacor gSa] tSlk fd uhps fn, x,
(d) 576 units/576 bdkbZ
UPSC CDS-I 2019 fp=k esa fn•k;k x;k PS
gSAvkSjQR dk
34. In the equilateral triangle ABC
(a) 15 cm (b) 20 cm
given below, AD = DB and AE =
çfrPNsn fcanq
M gS vkSj MN, QS ij
(c) 20 3 cm (d) 30 3 cm EC If l is the length of a side of yacor gSA
30. The hypotenuse of a right-angled the triangle, then what is the area P
triangle is 10 cm and its area is of the shaded region? R
24cm². If the shorter side is uhps fn, x, leckgq f=kHkqt
ABC esa]AD M
halved and the longer side is
doubled, the new hypotenuse
¾ DB vkSjAE ¾ EC gSA ;fn f=kHkqt
becomes dh ,d Hkqtk dh yackbZ
l gS] rks Nk;kafdr
{ks=k
ledks.k f=kHkqt dk d.kZ 10 lsaeh gS vkSj mldk dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ A Q N S B
37. What is the length of MN?
{ks=kiQy 24 lsaeh
2
gSA ;fn mldh NksVh Hkqtk A
MN dh yEckbZ fdruh gS\
dks vk/k vkSj cM+h Hkqtk dks nqxquk dj fn;k UPSC CDS-I 2024
tkrk gS] rks u;k d.kZ fdruk gks tkrk gS\ D E 3 5
UPSC CDS-I 2019 (a) cm (b) cm
8 8
(a) 245 cm (b) 255 cm B C 9 15
(c) 265 cm (d) 275 cm (c) cm (d) cm
UPSC CDS-I 2018 8 8

140 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
38. What is the ratio of the area of 40. A circle touches all the four sides 43. What is the area of quadrilateral
the quadrilateral PQNM to the AB, BC, CD, DA of a quadrilateral ABCD?
ABCD.
area of the quadrilateral RSNM? prqHkZqtABCD dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
prqHkqZtPQNM ds {ks=kiQy dk prqHkqZt ,d o`Ùk prqHkqZtABCD dh pkjksa Hkqtkvksa UPSC CDS-I 2019

RSNM ds {ks=kiQy ls vuqikr D;k gS\ AB, BC, CD, DA dks Li'kZ djrk gSA (a) 300 cm² (b) 306 cm²
UPSC CDS-I 2024 What is the perimeter of the (c) 312 cm² (d) 316 cm²
quadrilateral? 44. What is the difference between
200 212 perimeter of ABC and perimeter
(a) (b) prqHkqZt dk ifjeki D;k gS\ of ADC?
117 117
Statement/dFkuI : AB + DC = 10cm ABC ds ifjeki vkSjADC ds ifjeki
275 250 Statement/dFkuII : AD + BC = 10cm ds chp fdruk varj gS\
(c) (d) UPSC CDS-I 2024
117 117 UPSC CDS-I 2019
(a) If the question can be (a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm
39. P, Q, R, S are the mid-points of answered by one of the
sides AB, BC, CD, DA respectively statements alone, but not by (c) 6 cm (d) 7 cm
of a quadrilateral ABCD. the other./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys TYPE - III
P, Q, R, S Øe'k% prqHkZqt
ABCD dh Hkqtkvksa fdlh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk 45. A square is drawn inside a square
AB, BC, CD, DA ds eè;&fcanq gSaA gS] ijarq nwljs ls ughaA of side 14 cm in such a way that
the corners of the inner square
Question: What is the difference (b) The question can be answered
coincide with the mid points of
in the area of the quadrilateral by either statement alone./
the sides of the outer square.
ABCD and the area of the ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys fdlh Hkh dFku What is the area lying between
quadrilateral PQRS? ls fn;k tk ldrk gSA the two squares?
prqHkZqt
ABCD ds {ks=kiQy vkSj prqHkZqt
(c) If the question can be 14 lseh Hkqtk okys oxZ ds Hkhrj ,d oxZ
answered by using both the
PQRS ds {ks=kiQy esa D;k varj gS\ statements together, but
bl çdkj vafdr fd;k tkrk gS fd vkarfjd
cannot be answered by using oxZ ds dksus] cká oxZ dh Hkqtkvksa
Statement/dFku I : Area of the
either statement alone./ ;fn ç'u eè;orhZ fcanqvksa ds laikrh gSaA nksuks
quadrilateral ABCD is 100 square
unit.
chp fo|eku {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS \
dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx
djds fn;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu fdlh UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
prqHkZqt
ABCD dk {ks=kiQy 100 oxZ bdkbZ gSA (a) 98 square cm
Hkh dFku dk vdsys mi;ksx djds mÙkj(b) 56 square cm
Statement/dFku II : Area of the ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA
quadrilateral PQRS is 50 square (c) 49 square cm
(d) If the question cannot be (d) 24.5 square cm
unit. answered even by using both
46. Areas of two squares are in the
PQRS dk {ks=kiQy 50 oxZ bdkbZ gSA statements together./;fn nksuksa ratio m2 : n4. What is the ratio of
prqHkZqt
UPSC CDS-I 2024 dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx djds Hkhtheir perimeters?
(a) If the question can be ç'u dk mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA nks oxks± ds {ks=kiQyksamdk 2
vuqikr
: n 4

answered by one of the 41. ABCD is a quadrilateral such that gSA mudh ifjekiksa dk vuqikr D;k gS\
statements alone, but not by AD = DC = CA = 20 units, BC = UPSC CDS-II 2020
the other./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys 12 units and ABC = 90°, What is (a) m : n (b) n : m
the approximate area of the
fdlh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gS] quadrilateral ABCD?
(c) m : n2 (d) m2 : n
47. How long will a man take to walk
ijarq nwljs lsAugha ABCD ,d prqHkZqt bl çdkj gS fd bdkbZ around the boundary of a square
(b) If the question can be vkSjAD = DC = CA = 20 bdkbZBC = field of area 25 hectares at the
answered by either statement 12 bdkbZ vkSjABC = 90° gSA prqHkZqt rate of 5 km/hr?
alone./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys ABCD dk {ks=kiQy yxHkx fdruk gS\ ,d O;fÙkQ dks 25 gsDVs;j {ks=kiQy o
fdlh Hkh dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gSA
UPSC CDS-II 2019
,d oxkZdkj •sr dh lhek ds pkjksa vksj
(a) 269 oxZ bdkbZ(b) 300 oxZ bdkbZ 5 fdeh@?kaVk dh pky ls pDdj yxkus esa
(c) If the question can be
(c) 325 oxZ bdkbZ(d) 349 oxZ bdkbZ fdruk le; yxsxk\
answered by using both the
Direction:- Consider the following for UPSC CDS-I 2023
statements together, but
the next three (03) question that follow: (a) 36 minutes (b) 30 minutes
cannot be answered by using
either statement alone./ ;fn
vxys rhu (03) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEu (c) 24 minutes (d) 18 minutes
&fyf•r ij fopkj djsa% 48. Let x be the area of a square
ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa dk ABCD ,d is a quadrilateral with AB inscribed in a circle of radius r
lkFk mi;ksx djds fn;k tk ldrk gS] = 9 cm, BC = 40cm, CD = 28 cm, and y be the area of an equilateral
triangle inscribed in the same
ysfdu fdlh Hkh dFku dk vdsys DA = 15 cm and ABC is a right- circle. Which one of the following
mi;ksx djds mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk angle./ABCD ,d prqHkqZt gS ftlesa AB
is correct?
= 9 lseh, BC = 40 lseh, CD = 28 lseh,
gSA eku yhft, r f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùk ds varxZr
DA = 15 lseh]vkSjABC ledks.k gSA
(d) If the question cannot be 42. What is the area of ADC? oxZ dk {ks=kiQy x gS vkSj blh o`Ùk ds
answered even by using both varxZr leckgq f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy
y gSA
ADC dk {ks=kiQy fdruk ? gS fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS\
statements together./;fn nksuksa UPSC CDS-I 2019
UPSC CDS-I 2023
dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx djds Hkh(a) 126 cm2 (b) 122 cm² (a) 9x² = 16y² (b) 27x² = 64y²
ç'u dk mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA (c) 124 cm2 (d) 120 cm² (c) 36x² = 48y² (d) 16x² = 21y²

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
141
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
49. A square and a rectangle have 53. What is tan + tan equal to? 57. Let p be the area of a square X and
same perimeter. They difference tan + tan fdlds cjkcj gS\ q be the area of the square formed
in areas by 1 square cm. The UPSC CDS-I 2024 on the diagonal of the square X.
length of the rectangle exceeds its
13 15 p
breadth by: (a) (b) What is the value of q ?
16 16
,d oxZ vkSj ,d vk;r dk ifjeki cjkcj
gSA muds {ks=kiQyksa ds chp 1 oxZ lseh
17
(c) dk (d)
17 eku yhft, p ,d oxZ X dk {ks=kiQy gS
16 4 vkSjq oxZX ds fod.kZ ij cus oxZ dk
varj gSA vk;r dh yEckbZ mldh pkSM+kbZ
54. Whatls is the area of CDE?
fdruh vf/d gS\ CDE dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
p
UPSC CDS-II 2022
{ks=kiQyqgSA
dk eku D;k gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 1 cm (b) 2 cm UPSC CDS-II 2021
416 312
(c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm (a) cm² (b) cm² 1 1
17 13 (a) (b)
50. Two rectangles are of same area 8 4
equal to 480 square cm. They 208 156
cm² (c) (d) cm² 1 1
difference in lengths by 6 cm and 17 13 (c) (d)
3 2
breadths by 4 cm. What is the 55. A square sheet is formed by
58. What is the area of the largest
difference in their perimeters? joining n identical square sheets
square plate cut from a circular
of same size. If the length of the
nks vk;r leku {ks=kiQy ds gS] tks 480 oxZ disk of radius one unit?
diagonal of the bigger square
lseh ds cjkcj gS mudh yEckbZ esa 6 lsehsheet so formed is m, then what ,d bdkbZ f=kT;k dh ,d o`Ùkkdkj fMLd
vkSj pkSM+kbZ esa 4 lseh dk varj gSismuds the side length of a smaller esa ls dkVh x;h lcls cM+s vkdkj dh
ifjeki esa fdruk varj gS\ square sheet? oxkZdkj IysV dk {ks=kiQy D;k gksxk \
leku vkdkj dh n leku oxkZdkj 'khVksa
UPSC CDS-II 2022 UPSC CDS-II 2019
(a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm dks feykdj ,d oxkZdkj 'khV cukbZ tkrh (a) 4 oxZ bdkbZ
(c) 6 cm (d) 10 cm
gSA ;fn bl çdkj cuh cM+h oxkZdkj 'khV (b) 2 2 oxZ bdkbZ
51. If area of a circle and a square
are same, then what is the ratio
ds fod.kZ dh yackbZ
m gS] rks ,d NksVh
(c) oxZ bdkbZ
oxkZdkj 'khV dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ D;k gS\
of their perimeters ? (d) 2 oxZ bdkbZ
;fn ,d o`Ùk vkSj ,d oxZ ds {ks=kiQy cjkcj
UPSC CDS-I 2022
59. A square and a rectangle have
gSa] rks muds ifjekiksa dk vuqikr D;k gS\(a) m (b)
m
equal areas. If one side of the
UPSC CDS-II 2019 n 2 n rectangle is of length numerically
(a) 2 (b)  m 2m equal to the square of the length
(c) (d) of the side of the square then the
  2n 2
other side of the rectangle is
(c) (d)
2 4 56. The diagonal of a square is 12 2 ,d oxZ vkSj ,d vk;r ds {ks=kiQy cjkcj
Direction:- Consider the cm and the area of an equilateral gSaA ;fn vk;r dh ,d Hkqtk dh yackbZ
following for the next three (3)
question that follows:
triangle is 64 3 square cm. la[;kRed :i ls oxZ dh ,d Hkqtk dh
vxys (3) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf[kr ij
Which of the following yackbZ ds oxZ ds cjkcj gS] rks vk;r dh
statements is/are correct?
fopkj djsa% vU; (nwljh) Hkqtk dh yackbZ gksxh
A triangle CEF is drawn inside a
,d oxZ dk fod.kZ12 2 lseh gS vkSj UPSC CDS-II 2019
(a) square root of the side of the
square ABCD as shown in the ,d leckgq f=kHkqt dk {ks=kiQy
64 3 oxZ
square/oxZ dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ dk
figure given below given, CF = lseh gSA fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk@ls dFku
8cm, EF = 6cm and CE = 10cm. oxZewy
lgh gS@gSa\
,d f=kHkqt
CEF ,d oxZ ABCD ds vanj (b) half the side of the square/oxZ
1. The square and the triangle
[khapk x;k gS tSlk fd uhps fn, x, fp=k dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ dk vk/k
have the same perimeter/oxZ
esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA fn;k x;k
CF gS%
=8 (c) of unit length/ bdkbZ (,dd)
vkSj f=kHkqt dk ifjeki leku gSA
lseh]EF = 6 lseh] vkSj
CE = 10 lsehA yackbZ dh
2. Four times the area of the
A E D (d) double the side of the square/
 square is equal to 3 3 times
oxZ dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ dh nqxquh
the area of the triangle/oxZ ds
F 60. A square is drawn such that its
{ks=kiQy dk pkj xquk f=kHkqt ds {ks=kiQy
vertices are lying on a circle of
 ds 3 3 xquk ds cjkcj gSA radius 201 mm. What is the ratio
B C Select the correct answer using of area of circle to that of square?
52. What is the area of the square? the code given, below. ,d oxZ bl çdkj [khapk x;k gS fd blds
oxZ dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ uhps fn, x, dksM dk mi;ksx djds lgh 'kh"kZ 201 feeh f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùk ij
UPSC CDS-I 2024
mÙkj pqusaA fLFkr gSaA o`Ùk ds {ks=kiQy dk oxZ ds {k
(a)
512
cm² (b)
625
cm² UPSC CDS-I 2022 ls vuqikr D;k gS\
17 13 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only UPSC CDS-II 2019
1024 1296 (c) Both 1 and 2 (a) 11 : 7 (b) 7 : 11
(c) cm² (d) cm²
17 13 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 20 : 19 (d) 19 : 20

142 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
61. Considering two opposite vertices 64. If the length of a side of a square (a) 24 square unit
of a square of side 'a' as centres, is increased by 8 cm, its area (b) 36 square unit
two circular arcs are drawn within increases by 120 square cm. What (c) 48 square unit
the square joining the other two is the length of a side of the square?
(d) 72 square unit
vertices, thus forming two ;fn ,d oxZ dh Hkqtk dh yackbZ 8 lsaehDirection:- Consider the following
sectors. What is the common area
c<+k nh tk,] rks mldk {ks=kiQy 2120forlsaehthe next two (02) question that
in these two sectors?
c<+ tk,xkA oxZ dh Hkqtk dh yackbZfollow: D;k gS\
'a' Hkqtk okys ,d oxZ ds nks lEeq[k 'kh"kksaZ UPSC CDS-I 2018 vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r
dks dsUæ ekudj] nks o`Ùkh; pki oxZ (a) ds 2.5 cm (b) 3.5 cm ij fopkj djsa%
vanj bl çdkj [khaps x, gSa fd os vU; (c) 4.5 cm (d) 5.5 cm
Consider two identical rectangles
nks 'kh"kksaZ dks tksM+rs gSa] vkSj 65.nks
In lsDVj
a roomcukrs
whose floor is a square ABCD and BEDF as shown in
gSaA bu nksuksa lsDVjksa dk loZfu"Bof {ks=kiQy
side 10 m, an equilateral figure given below let AB = 1 cm
triangular table of side 2m is
fdruk gS\ and BC = 2 cm.
placed. Four book-shelves of size
UPSC CDS-I 2019
4 m × 1 m × 9 m are also placed uhps nh xbZ vkÑfr esa fn•k, vuqlkj nks
 1   1  in the room. If half of the rest of leku vk;r ABCD vkSjBEDF ij fopkj
(a) a2     (b) a2    
 2  2 the area in the room is to be djsa] eku yhft,AB = 1 lseh vkSjBC =
   
carpeted at the rate of Rs.100 per 2 lseh gSA
(c) a2   1 (d) a2   1 square metre, what is the cost of
D C
2  2  carpeting (approximately)?
62. In the figure given below, ABCD fdlh d{k esa] ftldk iQ'kZ 10 eh Hkqtk
is a square of side 4 cm. F
okyk ,d oxZ gS] 2 eh Hkqtk okyh ,d
Quadrants of a circle of diameter
2 cm are removed from the four leckgq f=kdks.kh; est j•h xbZ gSA bl d{k
corners and a circle of diameter 2 esa 4 eh× 1 eh × 9 eh ds vkdkj dh E
cm is also removed. What is the iqLrdksa dh pkj vyekfj;k¡ Hkh j•h xbZ gSaA
area of the shaded region ? ;fn d{k ds ckdh cps {ks=k ds vk/s Hkkx A B
uhps nh xbZ vkÑfrABCD
esa] 4 lseh Hkqtk esa ,d dkyhu fcNk;k tkuk gS ftldh nj 69. What is the area of the
overlapping region?
okyk ,d oxZ gSA 2 lseh O;kl okys ,d 100 #i;s çfr oxZ ehVj gS] rks dkyhu yxokus
vfrO;kih {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
o`Ùk ds pkjksa dksuksa ls prqFkkZa'kdkgVk ewY;
fn,(yxHkx) fdruk gS\ UPSC CDS-I 2024
tkrs gSa vkSj 2 lseh O;kl okyk ,d o`Ùk UPSC CDS-1 2018
8 5
(a) Rs.7,600 (b) Rs.5,635
Hkh gVk fn;k tkrk gSA Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk
(c) Rs.4,113 (d) Rs.3,200
(a)
5
cm² (b)
4
cm²
{ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ 66. A square copper plate of side 16 cm 4 3
D C weights 128 gm. A circular disc of (c) cm² (d) cm²
5 4
diameter 14 cm is cut off from the 70. What is the area of the non-
plate. What is the weight of the ovelapping region?
remaining part? (Taken  =
22
) xSj&vfrO;kih {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS
7 UPSC CDS-I 2024
16 lseh Hkqtk okyh ,d oxkZdkj rkacs dh 3 11
A B IysV dk Hkkj 128 xzke gSA bl IysV esa(a)ls 4 cm² (b)
4
cm²
UPSC CDS-II 2018
14 lseh O;kl dh ,d o`Ùkkdkj fMLd dkVh 3 5
7 7
(a) 5 cm2 (b) 7 cm2 tkrh gSA ckdh cps fgLls dk Hkkj D;k gS\(c) 2 cm² (d)
4
cm²
9 9 UPSC CDS-II 2022 Direction:- Consider the
5 5 (a) 48 gm. (b) 49 gm. following for the next three (03)
(c) 9 cm2 (d) 9 cm2
7 6 (c) 50 gm. (d) 51 gm. question that follow:
63. What is the area of the region
TYPE - IV vxys rhu (03) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r
bounded internally by a square of
67. What is the maximum area of a ij fopkj djsa%
side of length 'a' and externally by
rectangle, in square cm, whose Consider two identical semi-
a circle passing through the four circles and one circle inscribed in
corners of the square? perimeter is 400 cm?
a rectangle of length 10cm as
ml {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS tks vanjfdlh ls vk;r dk vf/dre {ks=kiQy] oxZ lseh shown in the figure given below:-
yackbZ
'a' dh Hkqtk okys oxZ ls ifjc¼ gS esa] D;k gS ftldk ifjeki 400 lseh gS \ (Take  = 3.14 and 2 = 1.4)
vkSj ckgj ls ml oxZ ds pkjks dksuksa(a) ls 100
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(b) 200 uhps nh xbZ vkÑfr esa fn•k, vuqlkj 10
xqtjus okys o`Ùk ls ifjc¼ gS\ (c) 1000 (d) 10,000 lseh yackbZ ds ,d vk;r esa vafdr nks leku
UPSC CDS-I 2018
68. In a rectangle ABCD, AC is one of v/Zo`Ùk vkSj ,d o`Ùk ij fopkj djsa%&
(a) (  1) a2 square units the diagonals. If AC + AB = 3AD ( = 3.14 vkSj 2 = 1.4 iz;ksx djsa
)A
(  1)a 2 and AC - AD = 4 units, then what D O C
(b) square units is the area of the rectangle?
2
,d vk;r ABCD esa] fod.kks± esa ls ,d fod.kZ P
(c) (  2) a2 square units
AC gSA ;fnAC + AB = 3AD vkSjAC – E F
Q
AD = 4 bdkbZ] vk;r
rks dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
2
(  2)a
(d) square units
2 UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024 A B

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
143
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
71. What is the area of EOF? ,d O;fDr 375 eh2 vk;rkdkj cxhps dh TYPE - V
EOF dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ ckM+ yxkuk pkgrk gSA mlds ikl 6581. ehVj
What is the ratio of the length of
UPSC CDS-I 2024 dkaVsnkj rkj gSa vkSj og cxhps ds dsoy diagonals of a rhombus?
(a) 12.5 3 cm² (b) 6.25 3 cm² rhu rjiQ ckM+ yxkus esa l{ke gSA cxhps ,d leprqHkZqt ds fod.kks± dh yEckbZ dk
(c) 12.5 cm² (d) 6.25 cm² dk ifjeki D;k gS\ vuqikr D;k gS\
72. What is the area of trapezium UPSC CDS-I 2021 Statement/dFkuI : One diagonal of
AEFB? (a) 80 m (b) 84 m the rohombus is equal to its side.
(c) 90 m (d) 100 m
leyac AEFB dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ 77. The length and breadth of a leprqHkqZt dk ,d fod.kZ mldh Hkqtk ds
UPSC CDS-I 2024 cjkcj gSA
rectangle are in the ratio 4 : 3. Then
(a) 30 cm² (b) 25 cm²
what is the ratio of the area of the Statement/dFku II : The longer
(c) 20 cm² (d) 18.75 cm² triangle formed by the parts of the diagonal of the rhombus is equal
73. What is the area of the shaded diagonals with a long side to the to 3 times its side.
region? area of the triangle formed by the leprqHkZqt dk yack fod.kZ mldh Hkqtk ds
Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ parts of diagonals with a short side? 3 xquk ds cjkcj gSA
UPSC CDS-I 2024 ,d vk;r dh yackbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ]
%3 ds 4 UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 14.75 cm² (b) 14.25 cm² vuqikr esa gSaA rks fod.kksZa ds fgLlksa(a)vkSj
If cM+h
the question can be
(c) 7.225 cm² (d) 7.625 cm² Hkqtk ls cuus okys f=kHkqt ds {ks=kiQy dk] fod.kksZa
answered by one of the
statements alone, but not by
74. The plinth of a house has an area ds fgLlksa vkSj NksVh Hkqtk ls cuus okys f=kHkqt
of 200 square metres. It is the other./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys
rectangular in shape and its
ds {ks=kiQy] ls vuqikr fdruk gS\ fdlh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gS]
UPSC CDS-II 2019
length and breadth are in the
(a) 3 : 4 (b) 4 : 3 ijarq nwljs lsAugha
ratio 2 : 1. The owner of the (b) If the question can be
house extends the terrace by 1 m (c) 16 : 9 (d) 1 : 1
78. A rectangular red carpet of size answered by either statement
on each side. What is the
6 ft × 12 ft has a dark red border alone./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys fdlh
percentage of area that has
increased in the terrace relative 6 inches wide. What is the area Hkh dFku ls fn;k tk ldrkAgS
to the plinth? of the dark red border? (c) If the question can be
200 oxZ 6 iqQV× 12 iqQV vkdkj ds vk;rdkj
,d answered by using both the
,d edku ds fIyaFk dk {ks=kiQy statements together, but
ehVj gS ;g vk;r ds vkdkj dk gS vkSj yky dkyhu esa 6 bap pkSM+h xgjs yky jax cannot be answered by using
bldh yackbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ 2 % 1 ds dh lhek iêðh gSA xgjs yky jax dh lhek
vuqikr either statement alone./;fn ç'u
esa gSA edku ekfyd Nr gj vksj ls 1 iêðh dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gSA dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;k
ehVj c<+k nsrk gSA Nr ds {ks=kiQy esa(a)fIyaFk
UPSC CDS-I 2019
djds fn;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu fdlh
9 s.q ft (b) 15 s.q ft
ds lkis{k fdrus çfr'kr dh c<+ksrjh gksxh\(c) 17 s.q ft Hkh dFku dk vdsys mi;ksx djds mÙkj
(d) 18 s.q ft
UPSC CDS-I 2023 ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA
(a) 40% (b) 32% 79. A rectangular pathway having
(d) If the question cannot be
width 4.5 m and length 10 m will answered even by using both
(c) 20% (d) 15.5%
have to be tiled using square
75. A rectangle of length 10 units and statements together./;fn nksuksa
tiles of side 50 cm. Each packet
breadth 8 units is split into two of such tiles contains 20 pieces dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx djds Hkh
squares each of area x square and costs Rs.100. What will be ç'u dk mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA
units and two rectangles each of the total cost of tiles for the 82. OABC is a rhombus whose three
area y square units. pathway? vertices lie on a circle with centre
10 bdkbZ yackbZ vkSj 8 bdkbZ pkSM+kbZ okys ekxZ ftldh pkSM+kbZ 4-5 eh
,d vk;rkdkj at O. If the area of the rhombus
,d vk;r dks x oxZ bdkbZ {ks=kiQy okys vkSj yackbZ 10 eh gS] esa 50 lseh Hkqtk ds 3 square cm, then what is
is 32
nks oxks± yvkSj
oxZ bdkbZ {ks=kiQy okys oxkZdkj
nks the
Vkby yxkus gSaA ,sls Vkbyksa ds çR;sd
radius of the circle?
vk;rksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA iSdsV esa 20 ux gSa vkSj bldh dher 100 OABC ,d leprqHkZqt gS ftlds rhu 'kh"kZ
,d o`Ùk ij fLFkr gS ftldk dsUæ O gSA
Consider the following statements: #i;s gSA ekxZ ds fy, Vkbyksa dh dqy dher
;fn leprqHkZqt dk {ks=kiQy
32 3 oxZ lseh
1. y is always greater than x. D;k gksxh\
UPSC CDS-I 2018
gS] rks o`Ùk dh f=kT;k D;k gksxh\
2. y can be 15 square units. UPSC CDS-I 2023
(a) Rs.1,200 (b) Rs.1,100
Which of the above statements (a) 4 cm (b) 6 cm
(c) Rs.1,000 (d) Rs.900
is/are correct? (c) 8 cm (d) 16 cm
UPSC CDS-I 2022
80. In a shower, 5 cm of rain falls.
What is the volume of water that 83. The area of a rhombus is 96
(a) 1 only square cm and one of its
falls on 2 hectare area of land?
(b) 2 only diagonals is of length 12 cm.
o"kkZ esa 5 lseh ikuh cjlrk gSA 2 gsDVs;j What is the perimeter of the
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
{ks=kiQy ds tehu esa cjls gq, ikuh dkrhombus?
76. A person wishes to fence 375m²
vk;ru D;k gS\ ,d leprqHkqZt dk {ks=kiQy 96 oxZ lseh gS
rectangular garden. He has 65m
UPSC CDS-I 2022 vkSj bldk ,d fod.kZ 12 lseh yack gSA
of barbed wire and is able to fence
(a) 100 cubic metre leprqHkqZt dk ifjeki D;k gS\
only three sides of the garden. (b) 1000 cubic metre UPSC CDS-II 2022
What is the perimeter of the (c) 4000 cubic metre (a) 36 cm (b) 40 cm
garden? (d) 10000 cubic metre (c) 44 cm (d) 48 cm

144 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
84. A farmland is in the shape of a Statement/dFku I : x : y = 2 : 1 91. ABCD is a plate in the shape of
rhombus. The perimeter of the a parallelogram. EF is the line
Statement/dFku II : The angle parallel to DA and passing
land is 100 m and the length of
one of the diagonals is 40 m. The between the two adjacent sides of through the point of intersection
land is divided into four equal the parallelogram is 60°. O of the diagonals AC and BD.
parts. What is the area of each lekarj prqHkqZt dh nks vklUu Hkqtkvksa ds E lies on DC and F lies
Further,
part? on AB. The triangular portion
chp dk dks.k60° gSA DOE is cut out from the plate
,d •sr leprqHkZqt ds vkdkj dk gSA Hkwfe UPSC CDS-I 2024
ABCD. What is the ratio of area
dk ifjeki 100 ehVj gS vkSj ,d fod.kZ (a) If the question can be of remaining portion of the plate
dh yackbZ 40 ehVj gSA Hkwfe dks pkj cjkcj answered by one of the to the whole?
Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gSA çR;sd Hkkx dk {ks=kiQy
statements alone, but not by ABCD] lekarj prqHkZqt ds vkdkj dh ,d
D;k gS\ the other./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys IysV gSA js•kEF] js•k DA ds lekarj gS
UPSC CDS-II 2022 fdlh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk vkSj fod.kks±
AC vkSjBD ds çfrPNsn fcUnq
(a) 150 square metre gS] ijarq nwljs ls ughaA O ls gksdj xqtjrh gSA blds vfrfjÙkQ] E,
(b) 225 square metre
(b) If the question can be DC ij fLFkr gS vkSj F, AB ij fLFkr gSA
(c) 300 square metre
answered by either statement IysVABCD esa ls f=kHkqth; fgLlk DOE
(d) 450 square metre
alone./;fn ç'u dk mÙkj vdsys dkVk x;k gSA IysV ds 'ks"k cps gq, fgL
85. The area of a rhombus is 336
square cm. If the length of one of fdlh Hkh dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gSA ds {ks=kiQy dk iwjh IysV ds {ks=kiQy
its diagonals is 48 cm, then what (c) If the question can be vuqikr D;k gS\
is the perimeter of the rhombus? answered by using both the UPSC CDS-II 2019

,d leprqHkZqt dk {ks=kiQy 336 oxZ lseh statements together, but 5 5

(a) (b)
gSA ;fn blds ,d fod.kZ dh yackbZ 48 cannot be answered by using 8 7
lseh gS] rks leprqHkZqt dk ifjeki D;k gS\ either statement alone./ ;fn ç'u 3 7
dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx(c) (d)
UPSC CDS-II 2021 4 8
(a) 200 cm (b) 120 cm djds fn;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu fdlh 92. All the four sides of a
(c) 100 cm (d) 90 cm parallelogram are of equal length.
Hkh dFku dk vdsys mi;ksx djds mÙkjThe diagonals are in the ratio
86. The diagonals of a rhombus differ
by 2 units and its perimeter ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA 1 : 2. If the sum of the lengths of
(d) If the question cannot be the diagonals is 12 cm, then what
exceeds the sum of the diagonals
is the area of the parallelogram?
by 6 units. What is the area of the answered even by using both
rhombus? statements together./;fn nksuksa
,d lekarj prqHkZqt dh pkjksa Hkqtk,¡ cjk
,d leprqHkZqt ds fod.kks± esa 2 bdkbZ dk dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx djds HkhyackbZ dh gSaA fod.kks± dk vuqikr 1 %
gSA ;fn fod.kks± dh yackbZ dk ;ksx 12 ls
varj gksrk gS vkSj bldk ifjeki fod.kks± ç'u dk mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA
gS] rks lekarj prqHkZqt dk {ks=kiQy D;k
ds ;ksx ls 6 bdkbZ ls vf/d gksrk 89.
gSAABCD is a parallelogram with AB UPSC CDS-II 2019
leprqHkZqt dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ = 15 cm and AD = 8 cm. If  is the (a) 9 cm2 (b) 12 cm2
UPSC CDS-II 2020 acute angle between AB and AD, (c) 16 cm2 (d) 25 cm2
(a) 48 square units then what is the area of the 93. Let S be the parallelogram
(b) 36 square units parallelogram in square cm? obtained by joining the mid-points
of the parallelogram T. Consider
(c) 24 square units ABCD ,d lekarj prqHkqZt gS ftlesa
AB =
the following statements:
(d) 12 square units 15 lsehvkSjAD = 8 lseh gSA ;fn
 AB
87. If the diagonals of a rhombus are eku yhft, S ,d lekarj prqHkZqt gS tks
vkSjAD ds chp dk U;wu dks.k gS] rks oxZ
lekarj prqHkZqt
T ds eè; fcUnqvksa dks
x and y, then what is its area?
lseh esa lekarj prqHkqZt dk {ks=kiQy D;ktksM+dj
gS\ cuk;k x;k gSA fuEufyf•r dFkuk
;fn ,d leprqHkZqt ds fod.kZ
x vkSjy gSa]
rks mldk {ks=kiQy D;k gS \
UPSC CDS-I 2022
ij fopkj dhft, %
(a) 60 sin (b) 120 sin 1. The ratio of area of T to that
UPSC CDS-II 2019
(c) 60 cos (d) 120 cos of S is 2 : 1.
xy xy
(a) (b) 90. A triangle and a parallelogram T ds {ks=kiQy S vkSj
ds {ks=kiQy dk
2 4 have equal areas and equal vuqikr 2 % 1 gSA
(c) xy (d) x2 – y2 bases. If the altitude of the 2. The perimeter of S is half of
triangle is k times the altitude of the sum of diagonals of T.
TYPE - VI
the parallelogram, then what is
88. Area of a rectangle with length x S dk ifjeki] T ds fod.kks± ds ;ksxiQy
the value of k?
and breadth y is P and area of a dk vk/k gSA
parallelogram (which is strictly not ,d f=kHkqt vkSj ,d lekarj prqHkZqt lekuWhich of the above statements
a rectangle) with adjacent sides of {ks=kiQy vkSj leku vk/kj ds gSaA ;fn f=kHkqt
is/are correct?
length x and y is Q. Is P > Q? dh Å¡pkbZ lekarj prqHkZqt dh Å¡pkbZk dh
mi;ZqÙkQ dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lg
yackbZ
x vkSj pkSM+kbZ
y okys ,d vk;r dk xquk gS]krks
dk eku D;k gS\ UPSC CDS-II 2018
{ks=kiQy
P gS vkSj yackbZ
x vkSjy dh vklUu UPSC CDS-I 2020 (a) 1 only/dsoy 1
Hkqtkvksa okys ,d lekarj prqHkZqt (tks(a)iwjh
4 (b) 2 (b) 2 only/dsoy 2
rjg ls ,d vk;r ugha gS) dk {ks=kiQy
Q 1 (c) Both 1 and 2/1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
gSA(P > Q D;k gS (c) 1 (d)
) 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2/u rks1 vkSj u gh2

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
145
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
TYPE - VII TYPE - VIII 101. What is the area of the circle
(approximately) inscribed in a
94. Two parallel sides of a trapezium 98. A trolley with two wheels one
metre apart is moved clockwise on triangle with side lengths 12 cm,
are 29 cm and 21 cm. Non-parallel
the circular track around a ground 16 cm and 20 cm?
sides are equal and each is of
length 8.5 cm. What is the area with radius 50 m (described by ,d f=kHkqt ftldh Hkqtkvksa dh yackbZ 12
of the trapezium? right wheel). If the size of each lseh] 16 lseh vkSj 20 lseh gS] ds varoZ`Ùk
,d leyac dh nks lekarj Hkqtk,¡ 29 lseh wheel is of 1 foot radius and the
right wheel turns 1000 times,
dk {ks=kiQy (yxHkx) D;k gS\
vkSj 21 lseh gSaA xSj&lekarj Hkqtk,¡ howleku many times will the other UPSC CDS-I 2023

gSa vkSj izR;sd dh yackbZ 8-5 lseh gSA leyac

wheel turn? (a) 48 square cm
prqHkqZt dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ ,d VªkWyh] ftlesa ,d nwljs ls ,d ehVj (b) 50 square cm
UPSC CDS-II 2022 dh nwjh ij nks ifg, yxs gSa] dks eSnku (c)
ds 52 square cm
(a) 187.5 square cm pkjksa vksj 50 ehVj f=kT;k okys (nk,a ifg, 54 square cm
(d)
(b) 227.5 square cm }kjk r; fd, tkus ds fy,) o`Ùkkdkj VªSd
102. A circle is inscribed in an
(c) 375 square cm ij nf{k.kkorZ (nf{k.kkorZ) ?kqek;k tkrkequilateral
gSA triangle of side of
length l. The area of any square
(d) 455 square cm ;fn çR;sd ifg, dh f=kT;k dh eki 1 inscribed in the circle is
95. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB iQqV gS vkSj nk;ka ifg;k 1000 ckj ?kwerkl yEckbZ dh Hkqtk okys fdlh leckgq f=kHkq
is parallel to DC and 2AB = 3DC. gS] rks nwljk ifg;k fdruh ckj ?kwesxk \ esa ,d varoZ`Ùk gSA bl varoZ`Ùk esa cuus
The diagonals AC and BD intersect UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
at O. What is the ratio of the area(a) 1010 (b) 1015 fdlh Hkh varxZr oxZ dk {ks=kiQy fdruk
of AOB to that of DOC? (c) 1020 (d) 1025 gksxk\
ABCD ,d leyac gS ftlesa AB, DC 99. What is the area of the region
UPSC CDS-II 2018

ds lekukarj gS vkSj
2AB = 3DC gSA
2
between two concentric circles, if l 3l 2
the length of a chord of the outer (a) (b)
fod.kZAC vkSjBD, O ij ijLij dkVrs circle touching the inner circle at
2 4
gSaA
AOB vkSjDOC ds {ks=kiQy dk a particular point of its l2 l2
(c) (d)
vuqikr D;k gS\ circumference is 14 cm? 4 6
UPSC CDS-I 2021 22 103. Two equal circular regions of
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 2 (Take = ) greatest possible area are cut off
7
from a
nks ladsafær o`Ùkksa ds chp ds {ks=k dk {ks=kiQygiven circular sheet of area
(c) 4 : 1 (d) 9 : 4
A. What is the remaining area of
96. ABCD is a trapezium, where AB is D;k gS] ;fn ckgjh o`Ùk dh ifjf/ ds ,d the sheet?
parallel to DC. If AB = 4cm, BC = fo'ks"k fcanq ij vkarfjd o`Ùk dks Nwus okyh
3cm, CD = 7cm and DA = 2cm A {ks=kiQy okyh o`Ùkh; pknj ls c`gÙke (lcls
thok dh yackbZ 14 lseh gS\ cM+s) laHko {ks=kiQy ds nks cjkcj o`Ùkh;
then what is the area of the UPSC CDS-II 2024
trapezium?
(a) 154 square cm/oxZ lseh
dkVs tkrs gSaA pknj dk 'ks"k {ks=kiQy
gS\ D;k
ABCD ,d leyac gS] tgk¡ AB, DC ds UPSC CDS-I 2018
(b) 144 square cm/oxZ lseh
lekarj gSA ;fn
AB ¾ 4 lsaeh] BC ¾ 3 A A
lsaeh]CD ¾ 7 lsaEkh vkSj
DA ¾ 2 lsaeh (c) 132 square cm/oxZ lseh (a)
2
(b)
3
gS] rks
leyac dk {ks=kiQy D;k\ gS (d) Cannot be determined due to 3A 2A
UPSC CDS-II 2019 insufficient data/ vi;kZIr MsVk ds (c) 5 (d)
5
3
dkj.k fu/kZfjr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA Direction:- Consider the following
2
(a) 22 cm2 (b) 22 cm2 100. The chord AB of a circle with for the next two (02) question that
3 2
centre at O is 2 3 times the follow:

(c) 22 3 cm2
22 2
(d) cm2
height of the minor segment. If P vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r
3 is the area of the sector OAB and ij fopkj djsa%
97. The sides AD, BC of a trapezium Q is the area of the minor
A chord of length l of a circle
ABCD are parallel and the segment of the circle, then what
makes an angle 90° at the centre
diagonals AC and BD meet at O. P
is the approximate value of Q ? of the circle.
If the area of AOB is 3 cm² and
the area of BDC is 8 cm², then fdlh o`Ùk dhl yEckbZ dh ,d thok]
(Take 3 = 1.7 and  = 3.14)
what is the area of AOD ? o`Ùk ds dsanz
90°ij dk dks.k cukrh gSSA
O ij dsaæ okys ,d o`Ùk dh thok
AB
fdlh leyac ABCD dh Hkqtk,a
AD vkSjBC
y?kq [kaM dh mQapkbZ2 3 dk
104. What is the area of the minor
xquk gSA segment?
lekarj gSa vkSj mlds fod.kZ
AC vkSjBD
;fn P, f=kT;[kaM
OAB dk {ks=kiQy gS vkSj
fcanq
O ij feyrs gSaA ;fn
AOB dk {ks=kiQy y?kq [kaM dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
Q, o`Ùk ds NksVs [kaM dk {ks=kiQy gS] rks
3 lseh2 gS vkSj
BDC dk {ks=kiQy 82 lseh
P
UPSC CDS-II 2022

gS] rks
AOD dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ dk vuqekfur eku D;k gS\ l²  1 l²  1
Q (a)  –  (b)  – 
UPSC CDS-II 2019 2 2 4 2
UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 8 cm² (b) 5 cm² (a) 1.4 (b) 1.7 l ²   l ²  1 
(c)  – 1 (d)  – 
(c) 3.6 cm² (d) 1.8 cm² (c) 2.2 (d) 2.6 4 2  2  2 2

146 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
105. What is the area of the major 110. A bicycle wheel of radius 35 cm 116. If the perimeter of a circle and a
segment? makes n revolutions in moving 11 square are equal, then what is
km. What is the value of n? the ratio of the area of the circle
Z [kaM dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
nh?k
35 lseh f=kT;k dk ,d lkbfdy dk ifg;k to that of the square?
UPSC CDS-I 2022
n pDdj yxkrk gSA
11 fdeh pyus esa n ; fn ,d o`Ùk vkSj ,d oxZ dk ifjeki
l ²  3 
 1
l ²  3 
– 1 dk eku D;k gS\ leku gSa] rks o`Ùk ds {ks=kiQy dk oxZ
(a)  (b) 
4 2  4 2  UPSC CDS-I 2022 {ks=kiQy ls vuqikr D;k gS\
(a) 500 (b) 1000 UPSC CDS-II 2020
l ²  3  l ²  3  (a) 1 :  (b) 2 : 
(c)   1 (d)  – 1 (c) 2500 (d) 5000
2 2  2 2  (c) 3 :  (d) 4 : 
111. Two circles touch externally. The
106. Two circles touch externally. The sum of their areas is 41 square 117. What is the area of a segment of
sum of their areas is 89 square cm. If the distance between their a circle of radius r subtending an
cm and the distance between centers is 9 cm, then what is angle  at the centre?
their centres is 13 cm. What is difference between their diameters? f=kT;
k r ds o`Ùk ds dsUæijdks.k cukus
the difference in their radii? nkso`Ùk cká :i ls Li'kZ djrs gSaA mudsokys •aM dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
nkso`Ùk cká :i ls Li'kZ djrs gSaA muds{ks=kiQyksa dk41;ksx
oxZ lseh gSA ;fn UPSC CDS-II 2020

{ks=kiQyksa dk ;ksx
oxZ89lseh gS vkSj muds dsUæksa ds chp dh
9 nwjh
lseh gS] rks (a)
1 2
r
muds dsaæksa ds chp dh nwjh 13 lseh muds
gSA O;klksa ds chp varj D;k gS\
2

mudh f=kT;kvksa esa D;k varj gS\

UPSC CDS-II 2021
1 2    2sin  cos  
(a) 1 cm (b) 1.5 cm (b) r  2 2

 
CDS 2022 (II)
2
(c) 2 cm (d) 4 cm
(a) 2 cm (b) 2.5 cm 112. A sector is cut from a circle of 1 2    sin  cos  
(c) r  2 2

(c) 3 cm (d) 3.5 cm radius 21 cm. If the length of the 2 
arc of the sector is 55 cm, what 1 2  
107. What is the time taken by a is the area of the sector? (d)
r sin cos
person to cover one round of a 2 2 2
21 lseh f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùk ls 118. ,d Four circular coins of equal radius
circular park of diameter 210 m, if
he walks at a speed of 6 km/hr? f=kT;•aM dkVk tkrk gSA ;fn f=kT;•aMare ds placed with their centres
pki dh yackbZ 55 lseh gS] rks f=kT;•aM coinciding with four vertices of a
, d O;fDr 210 ehVj O;kl okys ,d dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ square. Each coin touches two
o`Ùkkdkj ikdZ dk ,d pDdj yxkus esa UPSC CDS-I 2021 other coins. If the uncovered area
fdruk le; ysrk gS] ;fn og 6 fdeh@?kaVk (a) 577.5 cm² (b) 612.5 cm² of the square is 42 cm 2 , then
dh xfr ls pyrk gS\ (c) 705.5 cm² (d) 725.5 cm² what is the radius of each coin?
UPSC CDS-I 2023 113. A wire is in the form of a circle of 22
radius 70 cm. If it is bent in the (Take = )
(a) 6.6 minutes (b) 5.5 minutes 7
form of a rhombus, then what is
(c) 4.4 minutes (d) 3.3 minutes
pkj leku f=kT;k okys o`Ùkh; flDds ,d
22
its side length? (Take =
7
) oxZ ij bl çdkj j•s tkrs gSa fd muds
108. What is the area of the region
enclosed by three identical circles ,d rkj 70 lseh f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùk ds dsUæ oxZ ds 'kh"kk±s ij gksaA çR;sd flD
(each of radius 4 cm) touching vkdkj dk gSA ;fn ;g leprqHkZqt ds vkdkj nwljs flDdksa dks Li'kZ djrk gSA dk ;fn oxZ
each other? esa eqM+k gqvk gS rks bldh Hkqtk dh flDdks a ls fcuk <dk {ks=kiQy 42 lseh gS] rks
yEckbZ
2

,d nwljs dks Li'kZ djus okys rhu leku 22 çR;sd flDds dh f=kT;k D;k gS\
D;k gS\( = dk iz;ksx djsa
)
o`Ùkksa (izR;sd dh f=kT;k 4 lseh) ls f?kjs 7 22
UPSC CDS-I 2021 ( = dk iz;ksx djsa
)
{ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ (a) 55 cm (b) 75 cm
7
UPSC CDS-II 2020
UPSC CDS-I 2022
(c) 95 cm (d) 110 cm (a) 5 cm (b) 7 cm
8 114. If the perimeter of a semicircular (c) 10 cm (d) 14 cm
(a) square cm park is 360 m, then what is its area?
3 119. In the given figure, what is the
8
;fn ,d v/kZo`Ùkkdkj ikdZ dk ifjeki 360 area of the shaded region?

(b) 16 3 –  square cm
3
ehVj gS] rks mldk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ fn, x, vkjs• esa] Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQ
UPSC CDS-I 2021 fdruk gS\
(c) (16 3 – 8) square cm (a) 3850 m² (b) 7700 m²
(c) 11550 m² (d) 15400 m²
16
(d) square cm 115. A bicycle wheel makes 5000 63units
3 revolutions in moving 11 km. 6 units 6 units
109. What is the radius of the circle What is the radius of the wheel?
inscribed in a triangle whose sides , d lkbfdy dk ifg;k 11 fdyksehVj pyus 63units
are 4 cm, 7.5 cm and 8.5 cm? esa 5000 pDdj yxkrk gSA ifg;s dh f=kT;k UPSC CDS-II 2019
D;k gS\
4 lseh] 7-5 lseh vkSj 8-5 lseh Hkqtkvksa okys (a) 9(  3) oxZbdkbZ
f=kHkqt esa vafdr o`Ùk dh f=kT;k D;k gS\ 22
(Assume  
7
) (b) 3(4  3 3) oxZbdkbZ
UPSC CDS-I 2022
(c) 3(3  4 3) oxZbdkbZ
UPSC CDS-II 2020
(a) 1.5 cm (b) 2 cm (a) 17.5 cm (b) 35 cm
(c) 2.5 cm (d) 3 cm (c) 70 cm (d) 140 cm (d) 9( 3   ) oxZbdkbZ
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs147
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
120. What is the area of the shaded 124. The perimeter of a sector of a 126. What is the area of the circle C?
region in the given figure, if the
C o`Ùk dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
circle of radius 5.2 cm is 16.4 cm.
radius of each of the circles is 2 cm? What is the area of the sector?
Statement I:
fn;s x;s vkjs• esa
Nk;kafdr
{ks=k dk {ks=kiQy5-2 lseh f=kT;k okys o`Ùk ds f=kT;[kaM
Andk
arc of length 7 cm subtends an
fdruk gS] ;fn çR;sd o`Ùk dh f=kT;k 2 lsaeh gS\
ifjeki 16-4 lseh gSA f=kT;[kaM dk {ks=kiQy
angle 30° at the centre of C.
D;k gS\ 7 lseh yackbZ dh ,d pkiC ds dsUæ ij
A UPSC CDS-I 2023
B
(a) 15.6 square cm
30° dk dks.k varfjr djrh gSA
(b) 15 square cm Statement II:
(c) 14.4 square cm A chord of length 10 cm subtends
(d) 14.1 square cm an angle 90° at the centre of C.
C
125. A chord PQ of the circle C divides 10 lseh yackbZ dh ,d thok C ds dsUæ
UPSC CDS-II 2019 it into two segments such that 3 ij 90 ° dk dks.k varfjr djrh gSA
times the area of the major UPSC CDS-I 2023
(a) 4 3 – 2 cm2 (b) 3 –  cm2
segment is 4 times the area of (a) Choose this option if the
 the minor segment. Question can be answered by
(c) 3 – cm2 (d) 2– 2 3 cm2
2 o`ÙkC dh ,d thok PQ bls nks •aMksa esa one of the Statements alone
121. Let PQRS be the diameter of a
circle of radius 9 cm. The length
bl çdkj foHkkftr djrh gS fd nh?kZ•aM but not by the other/;g fodYi
PQ, QR and RS are equal. Semi- p;u dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj dsoy
ds {ks=kiQy dk 3 xquk y?kq•aM ds {ks=kiQy
circle is drawn with QS as ds 4 xquk ds cjkcj gSA ,d dFki ls fn;k tk ldrk gS ysfdu
diameter (as shown in the given
What is the radius of C? nwljs dFku ls ugha fn;k tk ldrkA
figure). What is the ratio of the
shaded region to that of the C dh f=kT;k D;k gS\ (b) Choose this option if the
unshaded region? Statement I: Question can be answered by
eku yhft, fd 9 lsaeh f=kT;k okys ,d Area of the minor segment is 66 either Statement alone/;g fodYi
o`Ùk dk O;klPQRS gSAPQ, QR vkSj square cm. p;u dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj fdlh
RS cjkcj yackbZ dsQS
gSaA
dks O;kl ysdj 66 oxZ lseh y?kq•aM dk {ks=kiQy gSA Hkh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gSA
,d v/Zo`Ùk •hapk x;k gS (tSlk fd vkjs• Statement II: (c) Choose this option if the
esa fn•k;k x;k gS)A Nk;kafdr {ks=k Area dk of the major segment is 88 Question can be answered by
vNk;kafdr {ks=k ls vuqikr D;k gS\ square cm. using both the Statements to-
gether, but cannot be
nh?kZ•aM dk {ks=kiQy 88 oxZ lseh gSA
answered by using ei- ther
UPSC CDS-I 2023
(a) Choose this option if the Statement alone/;g fodYi p;u
P Q R
S
Question can be answered by dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa
one of the Statements alone dks mi;ksx esa ykdj fn;k tk ldrk
but not by the other/;g fodYi gS] ysfdu dsoy ,d dFku dks mi;ksx
p;u dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj dsoy
UPSC CDS-II 2019
(a) 25 : 121 (b) 5 : 13 esa ykdj mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrkA
(c) 5 : 18 (d) 1 : 2 ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gS ysfdu (d) Choose this option if the
122. Suppose a region is formed by nwljs dFku ls ugha fn;k tk ldrkA Question cannot be answered
removing a sector of 20° from a (b) Choose this option if the even by using both
circular region of radius 30 feet. Question can be answered by Statements together/ fodYi
What is the area of this new either Statement alone/;g fodYi p;u dhft, ;fn nkuksa dFkuksa dks ,d
region?
p;u dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj fdlh lkFk mi;ksx esa ykdj Hkh iz'u dk mÙkj
eku yhft, fd 30 iQhV f=kT;k okys ,d Hkh ,d dFku ls fn;k tk ldrk gSA
o`Ùkh; {ks=k20°ls dk ,d lsDVj ugha fn;k tk ldrkA
(c) Choose this option if the
(f=kT;•aM) gVkdj ,d {ks=k cuk;k x;k Question can be answered by 127. The area of the circle
gSA bl u, {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ using both the Statements to-
circumscribing three identical
UPSC CDS-II 2019 gether, but cannot be circles touching each Other is
(a) 150 oxZ iQhV(b) 550 oxZ iQhV answered by using ei- ther  2 3
2

(c) 650 oxZ iQhV(d) 850oxZ iQhV Statement alone/;g fodYi p;u
  square cm. What is
3
123. What is the maximum area that dhft, ;fn ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa dFkuksa
the radius of one of the smaller
can be covered by three non- dks mi;ksx esa ykdj fn;k tk ldrk circles?
intersecting circles drawn inside a
rectangle of sides 8 cm and 12 cm?
gS] ysfdu dsoy ,d dFku dks mi;ksx ,d nwljs dks Li'kZ djrs gq, rhu leku
8 lseh vkSj 12 lseh Hkqtkvksa okys ,d vk;r esa ykdj mÙkj ugha fn;k tk ldrkA o`Ùk k sa d s i fjxr o`r d k {k s= k i Qy
ds vanj [khaps x, rhu vizfrPNsnh o`Ùkksa (d)}kjk
Choose this option if the 2

Question cannot be answered  2 3  

vkPNkfnr vf/dre {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ oxZ lseh gSA y?kqrj o`Ùkksa e
even by using both 3
UPSC CDS-I 2023
(a) 16 square cm Statements together/;g fodYi ls ,d o`Ùk dh f=kT;k D;k gS\
(b) 18 square cm p;u dhft, ;fn nksuksa dFkuksa dks ,d UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024

(c) 20 square cm lkFk mi;ksx esa ykdj Hkh ç'u dk mÙkj (a) 0.5 cm (b) 1 cm
(d) 24 square cm ugha fn;k tk ldrkA (c) 1.5 cm (d) 3 cm

148 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
Direction:- Consider the following 130. What is the sum of the areas of (a) 6( + 3 ) square unit
for the next two (02) question that the two circles?
(b) 3( + 3 ) square unit
follow: nksuksa o`Ùkksa ds {ks=kiQyksa dk ;ksx D;k gS\
vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r UPSC CDS-I 2024 (c) 1.5(3 + 8 3 ) square unit
ij fopkj djsa% (a) 17 square unit
(d) 6( + 2 3 ) square unit
Let, ABCD be the diameter of a (b) 16.75square unit
circle of radius 6 cm. The lengths Direction:- Consider the following
(c) 16.5square unit
AB, BC and CD are equal. semi- for the next two (02) question that
(d) 16.25square unit follow:
circles are drawn with AB and BD
131. Which one of the following is
as diameters as shown in the vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r
correct in respect of angle  ?
figure given below. ij fopkj djsa%
eku yhft,] ABCD f=kT;k 6 lseh okys dks.k ds laca/ esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSuABCD is a circle with center O
,d o`Ùk dk O;kl gSA
AB, BC vkSjCD
lk lgh gS\ and taking OC as a diameter, a
UPSC CDS-I 2024 circle is drawn RS shown in the
dh yEckbZ cjkcj gSA
AB vkSjBD dks (a) 0 <  < 30° figure given below. Let OB = 7cm
O;kl ekudj v/Zo`Ùk •haps tkrs gSa tSlk (b) 30° <  < 45° 22
(use  = )
fd uhps nh xbZ vkÑfr esa fn•k;k x;k gSA(c) 45° <  < 60° 7
(d) 60° <  < 90° ABCD ,d o`Ùk gS ftldk dsaæ O gS
132. What is the area of the shaded
rFkkOC dks O;kl ekudj ,d o`Ùk RS
region? •hapk x;k gS tSlk fd uhps nh xbZ vkÑfr
B C
A D esa fn•k;k x;k gSA eku yhft,
OB = 7
Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
22
UPSC CDS-I 2024 lseh ( = 7 dk ç;ksx djsa)
240 – 10 – 
(a) square unit B
128. What is the perimeter of the 24
shaded region? 240 – 6 – 
(b) square unit
Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk ifjeki D;k gS\ 24
C
o
A
UPSC CDS-I 2024 120 – 12 – 
(a) 24 cm (b) 18 cm (c) square unit
24
(c) 15 cm (d) 12 cm 240 – 12 –  D
129. What is the ratio of the area of (d) square unit
24 135. What is the area of shaded
the shaded region to that of the Direction:- Consider the following region?
non-shaded region? for the next two (02) question that follow:
Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\
Nk;kafdr {ks=k ds {ks=kiQy dk xSj&Nk;kafdr
vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r UPSC CDS-I 2024
{ks=k ds {ks=kiQy ls vuqikr D;k gS\ij fopkj djsa% (a) 3.8 cm² (b) 48 cm²
UPSC CDS-I 2024 Consider a circle of area 9 (c) 3.8 cm² (d) 66.5 cm²
(a) 2 : 7 (b) 2 : 5 square unit and an equilateral
triangle ABC as shown in the 136. What is the ratio of the area of
(c) 3 : 5 (d) 5 : 8 figure given below. the shaded region to the area of
Direction:- Consider the following 9 oxZ bdkbZ {ks=kiQy okys ,d o`Ùk thevkSjnon-shaded region?
for the next three (03) question that ,d leckgq f=kHkqt
ABC ij fopkj djsa tSlk N;kafdr {ks=k ds {ks=kiQy dk xSj&Nk;
follow: fd uhps fn, x, fp=k esa fn•k;k x;k gSA {ks=k ds {ks=kiQy ls vuqikr D;k gS\
vxys rhu (03) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r A UPSC CDS-I 2024
ij fopkj djsa% 19 18
Two circles with center at O1 and (a) (b)
25 25
O2 touching each other are placed
17 16
inside a rectangle of side 9cm and (c) (d)
8cm as shown in figure given 25 25
below. Direction:- Consider the following
for the next two (02) question that
dsaæO1 vkSjO2 okys nks o`Ùk ,d nwljs dks follow:
B C
Li'kZ djrs gq, 9 lseh vkSj 8 lseh Hkqtk vxys nks (02) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r
133. What is the length of the side of
okys ,d vk;r ds vanj j•s x, gSa tSlk ABC ? ij fopkj djsa%
fd uhps nh xbZ vkÑfr esa fn•k;k x;k gSA In a pie diagram (with radius
ABC dh Hkqtk dh yEckbZ D;k gS\
7cm), the central angles of the
D C UPSC CDS-I 2024
sectors are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 7 :
(a) 2 3 unit (b) 4 3 unit 22
5 : 1 (use  = )
7
O1 (c) 6 3 unit (d) 8 3 unit ,d ikbZ vkjs• (f=kT;k 7 lseh ds lkFk)
134. What is the area of the shaded esa] f=kT;[kaMksa ds dsaæh;
2 : 3 : 7dks.k
:5

region?
o2 22
N;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ : 1 ds vuqikr esa gSa
=(
7
dk mi;ksx
A P B UPSC CDS-I 2024
djsa)
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs
149
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
137. If P is the area of the smallest 141. What is the area of the shaded 145. What is the ratio of the area of a
sector and Q is the area of the region? square inscribed in a semicircle
largest sector, then what is the P Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ of radius r to the area of square
+ Q equal to? UPSC CDS-I 2023 inscribed in a circle of radius r?
;fn P lcls NksVs f=kT;•aM dk {ks=kiQy(a)gS(96 – 25) square cm r f=kT;k okys ,d v/Zo`Ùk ds varxZr ,d
vkSjQ lcls cM+s f=kT;•aM dk {ks=kiQy (b) (92 – 25) square cm oxZ ds {ks=kiQyr f=kT;k
dk] okys ,d o`Ùk
gS] rks
P + Q fdlds cjkcj gS\
(c) (96 – 16) square cm ds varxZr oxZ{ks=kiQy
ds ls vuqikr D;k \gS
(d) (91 – 16) square cm UPSC CDS-II 2019
CDS 2024 (I)
142. What is the approximate area of (a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 5
88 77 the shaded region in the figure
(a) cm² (b) cm² (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 5
3 3 given?
146. A piece of wire is in the form of a
fn, x, vkjs• esa] Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy
sector of a circle of radius 20 cm,
149 616
(c)
6
cm² (d)
9
cm² yxHkx fdruk gS \ subtending an angle 150° at the
centre. If it is bent in the form of
138. If p is the perimeter of the a circle, then what will be its
smallest sector, then what is the radius?
value of 9p? 8 cm
rkj dk ,d VqdM+k20 lseh f=kT;k okys
;fn p lcls NksVs f=kT;[kaM dk ifjeki gS] 6 cm 6 cm ,d o`Ùk ds ,d f=kT;[kaM ds :i esa gS]
rks9p dk eku D;k gS\ tks dsUæ ij150° dk ,d dks.k varfjr
UPSC CDS-I 2024
(a) 142 cm (b) 148 cm
8 cm
djrk gSA ;fn bl VqdM+s dks ,d o`Ùk ds
(c) 156 cm (d) 221 cm :i esa eksM+ fn;k tk,] rks bl çdkj cuus
Direction:- Consider the following UPSC CDS-II 2019 okys o`Ùk dh f=kT;k D;k gksxh\
for the next three (03) question that (a) 15.3 cm2 (b) 25.5 cm2 UPSC CDS-II 2019

follow: (c) 28.4 cm2 (d) 30.5 cm2 19

vxys rhu (03) iz'uksa ds fy, fuEufyf•r 143. In the given figure, there are (a)
3
cm
ij fopkj djsa% three semi circles ABC, AEF and
CDF. The distance between A and (b) 7 cm
In the figure given below, a circle
is inscribed in a square PQRS. A C is 28 units and F is the mid- (c) 8 cm
point of AC. What is the total
rectangle at the corner P that (d) None of the above
area of the three semi circles?
measure 4cm × 2cm and a square 147. The area of a sector of a circle of
at the corner R are drawn. fn, x, vkjs• esa] rhu v/Z o`Ùk
ABC,
radius 4 cm is 25.6 cm². What is
uhps fn, x, fp=k esa] ,d oxZ PQRS esa AEF vkSjCDF gSaA
A vkSj C ds chp the radian measure of the arc of
,d o`Ùk vafdr gSA dksus
P ij ,d vk;r dh nwjh 28 bdkbZ gS]F,vkSj AC dk the sector?
ftldh eki 4 lseh× 2 lseh gS vkSj dksus eè;fcUnq gSA rhuksa v/Zo`Ùkksa dk dqy4 {ks=kiQy
lsaeh f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùk ds ,d
R ij ,d oxZ •hapk x;k gSA
fdruk gS \ f=kT;[kaM dk {ks=kiQy2 25-6
gSA f=kT;[kaM
lsaeh
S R
B
ds pki dk jsfM;u eki D;k gS\
UPSC CDS-II 2019

(a) 2.3 (b) 3.2

(c) 3.3 (d) 3.4
F 148. A 12 m long wire is cut into two
A C
2 pieces, one of which is bent into
P4 Q a circle and the other into a
139. What is the area of the circle. UPSC CDS-II 2019 square enclosing the circle. What
o`Ùk dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ (a) 924 oxZ bdkbZ is the radius of the circle?
UPSC CDS-I 2023 (b) 824 oxZ bdkbZ ,d 12 eh yEcs rkj ds nks VqdM+s fd,
(a) 100 square cm
(c) 624 oxZ bdkbZ x, gSa] buesa ls ,d dks ,d o`Ùk ds :i
(b) 96 square cm
(d) 462 oxZ bdkbZ esa eksM+k tkrk gS vkSj nwljs dks ,d oxZ
(c) 50 square cm
144. Two circles touch internally. The :i esa] o`Ùk dks ifjc¼ djrs gq, eksM+k
(d) 48 square cm
sum of their areas is 136 cm² and tkrk gSA o`Ùk dh f=kT;k D;k gS\
140. What is the area of the smaller distance between their centres is UPSC CDS-I 2019
square? 4 cm. What are the radii of the 12
NksVs oxZ dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ circles? (a)
4
UPSC CDS-I 2023 nks o`Ùk vkarfjd :i ls Li'kZ djrs gSaA muds
2 6
(a) 50(3 – 2 ) square cm {ks=kiQyksa dk ;ksxiQy
136 lsaeh gS vkSj (b)
4
muds dsUæksa ds chp dh nwjh 4 lsaeh gSA bu
(b) 25(3 – 2 2 ) square cm 3
o`Ùkksa dh f=kT;k,¡ D;k gS \ (c)
UPSC CDS-II 2019
4
(c) 25(3 + 2 2 ) square cm
(a) 11 cm, 7 cm (b) 10 cm, 6 cm 6
(d)
(d) 50(3 – 2 2 ) square cm (c) 9 cm, 5 cm (d) 8 cm, 4 cm 2 2

150 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
149. Two circles are drawn with the 152. In the figure given below, ABC is (a)  square units
same centre. The circumference a right-angled triangle where A =
(b) 1 square unit
of the smaller circle is 44 cm and 90°, AB = p cm and AC = q cm. On
that of the bigger circle is double three sides as diameters (c) 2 square unit
the smaller one. What is the area semicircles are drawn as shown
between these two circles? in the figure. The area of the (d) 2 square unit
shaded
,d gh fcUnq dks dsUæ ekudj nks o`Ùk [khaps portion, 156. A wire is in the form of a circle of
x, gSaA NksVs o`Ùk dh ifjf/ 44 lsaeh gSuhps nh
xbZ vkÑfr esa]
ABC ,d le dks.k radius 98 cm. A square is formed
f=kHkqt
vkSj cM+s o`Ùk dh ifjf/ NksVs o`Ùk dh ifjf/ gSAtgk¡
= 90°, AB = p cm rFkk out of the wire. What is the length
AC = q cm gSA f=kH kqt dh rhuksa Hkqtkvksaof a side of the square?
dh nqxquh gSA bu nksuksa o`Ùkksa ds chp dk
dks O;kl ekudj v/Zo`Ùk [khaps x, gSA tSlk
{ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ 22
UPSC CDS-I 2019
fd vkÑfr esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA Nk;kafdr (Use  =
7
)
(a) 154 cm² (b) 308 cm² Hkkx dk {ks=kiQy] oxZ lsaeh esa] fdruk gS\
,d rkj] 98 lsaeh dh f=kT;k ds o`Ùk ds
(c) 462 cm² (d) 616 cm²
A vkdkj dk gSA bl rkj ls ,d oxZ cuk;k
150. In the figure given below, the
diameter of semicircle is 108 cm. x;k gSA oxZ dh ,d Hkqtk dh yackbZ D;
What is the area of the shaded 22
region ? gS\ ( ¾ 7 dk ç; ksx dhft,)
uhps nhxbZ vkÑfr esa] cM+s okys v/Zo`Ùk UPSC CDS-I 2018
dk O;kl 108 lsaeh gSA Nk;kafdr {ks=k dk (a) 146 cm (b) 152 cm
C
{ks=kiQy D;k gS\ B
(c) 154 cm (d) 156 cm
UPSC CDS-II 2018
2
(p  q ) 2 157. A region of area A bounded by a
(a) pq (b)  circle C is divided into n regions,
2
pq A
(c) (p2 + q2) (d) each of area , by drawing
2 n
153. The area of the region bounded circles of raddi such that r 1, r2,
54 cm 54 cm externally by a square of side 2a r3,.....rn -1 such that r1 < r2 < r3
UPSC CDS-II 2018 cm and internally by the circle <...rn -1 concentric with the circle
(a) 201 touching the four sides of the rm 1
square is C. If pm = r where m = 1, 2, 3,
(b) 186.3
,d ,sl s {ks=k dk {ks=kiQy fdruk gS] tks m

(c) 405 cká :i ls 2a lsaeh dh Hkqtk okys ,d ... (n – 2), then which one
of the following is correct?
(d) 769.5 oxZ ls ifjc¼ gS vkSj vkarfjd :i ls ,d
151. In the figure given below, ABCD o`Ùk
,sls o`Ùk ls ifjc¼ gS tks ml oxZ dh pkjksa C ls ifjc¼, A {ks=kiQy okys
,d {ks=k
is the diameter of a circle of Hkqtkvksa dks Li'kZ djrk gS \ dks n [k.Mk sa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS]
radius 9 cm. The lengths AB, BC UPSC CDS-II 2018 A
and CD are equal. Semicircles are (a) (4 –)a2 (b) ( – 2)a2 tgk¡ izR;sd [k.M dk {ks=kiQy
n
gSA blds
drawn on AB and BD as diameter
(c) (8 – )a2/2 (d) (– 2)a2/2 fy, r1, r2, r3,.....rn -1 f=kT;kvksa
okysC ls
as shown in the figure. What is
154. There is a path of width 5 m
the area of the shaded region?
around a circular plot of land
ladsUnzh
o`Ùk bl izdkj cuk, x, gSarfd 1
uhps nhxbZ vkÑfr esa] 9 lsaeh f=kT;k okyswhose area is 144  m². The total rm 1
,d o`Ùk dk O;klABCD gSAAB, BC, area of the circular plot including gSA ;fn
< r2 < r3 <...rn -1 pm = r ,
m
vkSjCD cjkcj yEckbZ ds gSaA AB vkSj the path surrounding it is
tgk¡ m = 1, 2, 3, ... (n – 2) gS
, rks
,d
BD dks O;kl ysdj v/Zo`Ùk [khaps x, gSa o`Ùkh; Hkw•aM ftldk 144  eh2
{ks=kiQy
gS]ds pkjksa vksj
5 eh pkSM+kbZ dk ,d fuE
o`Ùkh; ufyf[kr esa ls D;k lgh
? gS
tSlk fd vkÑfr esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA Nk;kafdr
Hkkx dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\ iFk gSA pkjksa vksj ds iFk dks lfEefyr djds UPSC CDS-I 2018

o`Ùkh; Hkw•aM dk dqy {ks=kiQy fdruk gS\ (a) p increases as m increases/m

UPSC CDS-II 2018 ds c<+u
s ds lkFk&lkFk
p Hkh c<+rk gSA
(a) 349  m² (b) 289  m² (b) p decreases as m increases/
(c) 209  m² (d) 149  m² m c<+rkgS rks
p ?kVrk gSA
155. What is the area of the largest
(c) p remains constant as m
A D circular disk cut from a square of
B C
2 rk gS rks
increases/m c<+ p vpj
side

unit. kj) jgrk gSA
(fLF
2 (d) p increases for some values of
Hkqtk bdkbZ ds oxZ
sa ls
e dkVs tk ldus m as m increases and then
UPSC CDS-II 2018 okys lcls cM+s o`Ùkh; fMLd dk {ks=kiQydecreases thereafter / tc m
(a) 9 (b) 27 D;k gksxk\ c<+
rk gS rks mlds dqN ekuksapds fy,
(c) 36 (d) 81 UPSC CDS -I 2018
c<+
rk gS vkSj mlds ckn ?kVus yxrk gSA
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,ax
s 151
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
ANSWER KEY
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)

11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c)

21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (c)

31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (c)

41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (b)

51. (c) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (a) 55. (c) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (d) 59. (c) 60. (a)

61. (c) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (b) 65. (c) 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (c) 69. (b) 70. (c)

71. (c) 72. (a) 73. (b) 74. (b) 75. (b) 76. (a) 77. (d) 78. (c) 79. (d) 80. (b)

81. (b) 82. (c) 83. (b) 84. (a) 85. (c) 86. (c) 87. (a) 88. (b) 89. (b) 90. (b)

91. (d) 92. (c) 93. (a) 94. (a) 95. (d) 96. (d) 97. (d) 98. (c) 99. (a) 100. (b)

101. (b) 102. (d) 103. (a) 104. (c) 105. (a) 106. (c) 107. (a) 108. (c) 109. (a) 110. (d)

111. (c) 112. (a) 113. (d) 114. (b) 115. (b) 116. (d) 117. (b) 118. (b) 119. (b) 120. (a)

121. (b) 122. (d) 123. (d) 124. (a) 125. (b) 126. (b) 127. (b) 128. (d) 129. (a) 130. (a)

131. (c) 132. (d) 133. (b) 134. (b) 135. (d) 136. (a) 137. (d) 138. (b) 139. (a) 140. (d)

141. (b) 142. (d) 143. (d) 144. (b) 145. (b) 146. (d) 147. (b) 148. (b) 149. (c) 150. (c)

151. (b) 152. (d) 153. (a) 154. (b) 155. (b) 156. (c) 157. (b)

152 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
SOLUTIONS
1. (a) Given, a = 4, a = 4, b = 6 4. (b) Sides of triangle = 5 cm, 6 cm Now, DC = BC2 – DB2
and 7 cm
567 = 400 – 256 = 144 = 12 cm
a a s(semi-perimeter) = = 9 cm 1
2
Ar. BCD = × DC × DB
Area of triangle 2
1
b = 9  (9  5)  (9  6)  (9  7) = × 16 × 12 = 96 cm2.
2
Given triangle is an isosceles  8. (b) A
= 9 432
2
b 2 b 9
Area = a – =3×2× 3 2
2 4 P
= 6 × 1.732 × 1.414 ~14.7 cm2
15
6 36 5. (b) A 16
= 16 – = 3 7 square unit 12
2 4
Alternate Method:- B 20 C
6
Given, triangle is isosceles AB  BC 15  20
triangle. We know, PB = =
AC 25
60°
So, AD = 4² – 3² = 7 B C PB = 12 cm
D
Now, in ABP:-
1 8
Area of ABC = ×6× 7 AB² = PB² + AP²
2 In ADB:-
 AP = 225 – 144 = 9 cm
BD
= 3 7 units². cosB = Similarly, PC = 20² – 12²
AB
2. (c) BD 1 BD = 16 cm.
cos60° =  = (Ar. PCB – Ar. PAB)
AB 2 6
5x BD = 3 cm. 1 1
3x = × 12 × 16 – × 12 × 9
Now, by pythagorus theorem, 2 2
= 6(16 – 9) = 42 cm²
AD = AB2 – BD2 = 36 – 9
9. (b) A
4x
= 27 = 3 3
4 10
Given, b = h hypotenuse = 5x 1 6 p Q
3 Area = × 8 × 3 3 = 12 3 cm2 x
2
ATQ,
Alternate Method:-
1 B R C
Area of right angled triangle = 54 Area = × AB × BC × sin60°
2 8
1 By pythagorean triplet (6, 8, 10)
 × 4x × 3x = 54 1 3
2 = ×6×8× = 12 3 cm2 AC = 10 cm
2 2
x =9
2
Let, PQ = x = side of largest
1
x=3 6. (d) Ar.of OMN = × MN × OQ square
2
 Perimeter = 3x + 4x + 5x 1 Also, APQ ~ QRC (By AA)
= 12x = 36 cm = × 16 × 6 = 48 cm2
2 AP PQ 6–x x
3. (a) A 7. (a)  QR  RC  
x 8–x
A  48 – 8x – 6x + x² = x²
x 21
9 D
48 24
13 x= =
21
–x 14 7
Hence, perimeter of largest
 B
C 20 24 96
B 12 C square = ×4= cm
Let, AD = x cm 7 7
Area of ABC = 36
Alternate Method:-
1 DB = (21 – x) cm.
 × AB × BC sin = 36 Side of max. area square
2 Using pythagorus theorem:-
DC2 = AC2 – AD2 = BC2 – DB2 base  perpendicular
1 = base  perpendicular
 × 9 × 12 × sin = 36 169 – x2 = 400 – (21 – x)2
2
231 = (21 – x)2 – x2 6  8 48 24
36 2 = = =
 sin = = 231 = 441 + x2 – 42x – x2 6  8 14 7
54 3 42x = 210 Perimeter of max. area square
4 5 x = 5 cm. 24 96
 cos = 1 – sin2= 1 – = DB = 21 – 5 = 16 cm. =4× = cm.
9 3 7 7

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
153
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
10. (c) Let, B, P and H be the base, 1 YZ
perpendicular and hypotenuse of Area = × base × perpendicular QR =  YZ = 2QR
2 2
the right angled triangle.
1 Area of XYZ (YZ )2
ATQ, = × 5 × 12 = 30 cm² So, =
2 Area of PQR (QR )2
 B + P + H = 36 13. (d) Given, sides = 40 cm & 41 cm
 B + P = 36 – H ......(i) Let, the third side be x. 128 (2QR )2
 Area of PQR = (QR )2
and Then, perimeter = 40 + 41 + x
1 90 = 81 + x x = 9 cm 128 4QR 2
 × B × P = 54  Sides of triangle are 9 cm, 40  Area of PQR =
2 QR 2
cm & 41 cm
 B × P = 108 .....(ii) 128
 9, 40 & 41 is a pythagorean  Area of PQR = = 32cm²
Now, by pythagoras theorem, 4
triplet
H² = B² + P² So, t riangle is a right-angled QR
Similarly, BC =
 H² = (B + P)² – 2BP triangle. 2
Substituting values from eq. (i) &  QR = 2BC
eq. (ii) 1 2
 Area of triangle = × 9 × 40 Area of PQR (QR )
 H² = (36 – H)² – 2(108) 2  = 2
Area of ABC (BC )
 H² = 1296 + H² – 72H – 216 = 180 cm²
14. (c) Hypotenuse is given as 10 cm. 32 (2BC )2
 72H = 1080  H = 15  = (BC )2
Since it is a right-angled triangle Area of ABC
The length of the hypotenuse is
15 cm. its maximum area will be possible 32 4BC 2
only if the triangle is isosceles.  =
Alternate Method:- Area of ABC BC 2
Other two sides when hypotenuse
Given, triangle is right angle 32
10  10 Area of ABC = = 8 cm2
triangle. is 10cm = = 5 2 cm2 4
9, 12, 15 triplet follows the above 2 Alternate Method:-
condition. 1
Hence, Area = × 5 2 × 5 2
 Perimeter = 9 + 12 + 15 = 36 cm. 2
1 =25cm²
Area = × 9 × 12 = 54 cm² 15. (c) Since an equilateral triangle
2
and a square are constructed
 Length of hypotenuse = 15 cm. using metallic wires of equal
11. (d) Put values from options, length which means that the
Let, x = 15, then, perimeter of the triangle and the
Side lengths = 15, (15 + 13) & (15 square is same.
+ 26)  15, 28 & 41 When a triangle is formed by
Let the side of the triangle and
By Heron's formula, joining the mid points of sides of
the square be 't' and 's'
larger triangle then area of
respectively.
  s(s – a)(s – b)(s – c)
Now, 1
smaller triangle formed is of
15  28  41 84 t 4 4
Here, s =  = 42 3t = 4s  =
2 2 s 3 area of larger triangle.
a = 15, b = 28 & c = 41 Suppose t = 4x & s = 3x 1
 Area of equilateral triangle Area PQR = × 128 = 32 cm2
= 42(42 – 15)(42 – 28)(42 – 41) 4
3 3 1
126 = 42  27 14 1 = × (side)2 = × 4x × 4x Area ABC = × 32 = 8 cm2
4 4 4
126 = = 4 3 x2 17. (c) Given, side lengths of X & Y
7 23333721
 Area of square = (side)² = (3x)² are 6 cm & 8 cm respectively.
 126 = 2²  34  7² 1 Area of an equilateral triangle
= 9x2
126 = 2 × 3² × 7 × 1 3
4 3x 2 = × (side)²
 126 = 126 Required ratio = =4 3 : 9 4
9x 2
L.H.S = R.H.S
16. (b) 3
Hence, x = 15 satisfy the given Area of X = × 36 cm²
4
condition.
Value of x = 15. 3
 Area of Y = × 64 cm²
12. (c) Given, hypotenuse = 13 cm. 4
ATQ,
We know that (5, 12, 13) is a
pythagorean triplet. Area of Z = Area of X + Area of
Lets verify it with given perimeter Y
= 5 + 12 + 13 = 30  Given perimeter. 3 3
 × a² = (36 + 64)
So, Let P,Q and R be the mid-point of 4 4
We get perpendicular = 12 & base sides YZ,XY and XZrespectively  a² = 100  a = 10 cm
=5 By mid-point theorem, Side length of Z = 10 cm.

154 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
18. (b) A Let, ABC be the right-angled 22. (a) A
triangle right-angled at B and AB
= 6x² and BC = 2x² – 1
x
ATQ,
O Area of ABC = 84
1 B x C
B C  × AB × BC = 84 Let, ABC be the isosceles right
2
Side of an equilateral triangle triangle, right-angled at B and let
1 AB = BC = x
= 2 3 cm  × 6x² × (2x² – 1) = 84
2 In ABC, by pythagoras theorem
Radius of in-circle of an  x² × (2x² – 1) = 28  (AC)² = (AB)² + (BC)²
side  2x4 – x² – 28 = 0  (AC)² = x² + x²
equilateral triangle =
2 3 Let, x² = y (AC)² = 2x²  AC = 2x
2 3  2y² – y – 28 = 0 Perimeter of ABC = 4 (2 + 2 ) cm
= = 1 cm
2 3  2y² – 8y + 7y – 28 = 0
Now, Area of remaining portion  (y – 4) (2y + 7) = 0  x + x + 2x = 4(2 + 2 )
= Area of equilateral  – Area of –7  2x + 2x = 4(2 + 2 )
3 y = 4 or y =
circle = × (2 3 )² – (1)² 2  x(2 + 2 ) = 4(2 + 2 )
4 –7 x=4
So, x² = 4 or x² = (not possible)
3 2 Hence, AB = BC = 4 cm
= × 12 –  =(3 3 – ) cm²
4 So, x² = 4 1
19. (b) Now, AB = 6x² = 24 & Now, Area of ABC = × AB × BC
A 2
BC = 2x² – 1 = 7
1
We know that, (7, 24, 25) is a = × 4 × 4 = 8 cm²
2
pythagorian triplet of a right-
23. (c) ABC is a right angled triangle
D E angled triangle
with A = 90°
So, hypotenuse = 25.
Let, the radii of the circles with
Now, Perimeter of the triangle A, B and C as centres be r2, r1 and
B C = 7 + 24 + 25 = 56 unit
Since the line segment DE r3 respectively.
Alternate Method:-
divides the triangle in two parts 10
Triplet are 7, 24, 25 C cm
of equal area. r1
6x2 = 54 x2 = 4 x = 2 90°– 
area (ADE) = area (DBCE) r3
 2x2 – 1 = 2 × 22 – 1 = 7
 2 area (ADE) = area (ABC)  B
8cm
area(ABC) 2 1 r2
 Area = × 7 × 24 = 84 unit2 A
 area(ADE)  1 .....(i) 2 6cm
Now, In ABC & ADE, Perimeter of triangle = 7 + 24 + 25 ATQ,
BAC = DAE [common angle] = 56 units. AB = 6 cm = r2 + r3
ABC = ADE 21. (a)
A ......(i)
[corresponding angles, since BC = 10 cm = r1 + r3 .....(ii)
DE||BC] CA = 8 cm = r1 + r2 ....(iii)
ABC ~ ADE (By AA similarity) Adding equations (i), (ii) and (iii),
area(ABC) (AB)² 2(r1 + r2 + r3) = 24
 ....(ii) r1 + r2 +r3 = 12 cm ....(iv)
area(ADE) (AD)²
From equations (i), (ii), (iii) and
From eq. (i) & eq (ii) we get, (iv),
2 (AB)² AB 2 r1 = 6 cm, r2 = 2 cm and r3 = 4 cm
 B D C
1 (AD)²  AD
 Now, area of sector with centre
1 Let, the side length of each
AD 1 AB – BD 1 90
smaller triangle be 'x' cm. A(P) = × × (r2)²
 AB   AB

 The area of each smaller 360
2 2
BD 1 BD 1 equilateral triangle is 9 3 cm². 1
P = ×  × (2)² P =  cm²
1 – AB   AB  1 – 4
2 2 3
 × x² = 9 3  x² = 36 Hence, statement (i) is correct.
BD 2 –1 4 Now, area of sector with centre
   x = 6cm
AB 2    16
20. (c) A So, Side of biggest equilateral B(Q) =  360  ×  × (4)² =
360
triangle = 6 × 3 = 18 cm. And, area of sector with centre
Height of the biggest equilateral
 90 – 
6 x² 3 3 C(R) =   ×  × (6)²
triangle = × side = × 18 360 
2 2
36(90 –)
=9 3 cm. =
B 2x²-1 C 360

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
155
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
16 ab sin c ( 3  1)  2  sin 45 Alternate Method:-
 9Q + 4R = 9 × + 4 = = In equilateral triangle,
360 2 2
36(90 –) Circumradius = distance from
× 1 vertex to centroid
360 = ( 3  1) cm2
2
144 144(90 –) d = r = 20 3 cm
=  26. (a) Let take x = y = z = 2 units
360 360 30. (c) Hypotenuse = 10 cm
y z 2 2 Area = 24 cm2
144 One side = + = + = 2
= × ( + 90° – ) z x 2 2 1
360
Similarly, the other two sides will  × base × height = 24
144 2
= × 90° = 36 be 2 & 2.  base × height = 48
360
Hence, statement (2) is also Hence, triangle will be an We know that (6, 8 & 10) is a
correct. equilateral triangle. pythagorean triplet and 6 × 8 = 48
Both statements (1) and (2) are Area of equilateral triangle Now, We can assume base as 6cm
correct. & height as 8 cm Since short side
3
24. (b) We know that in right angled = × (side)2 is halved and long side is doubled.
4
triangle, So,new base 3 cm & new height 16
A 3 cm then New Hypotenuse
10cm = × 2 × 2 = 3
4 = (3)2  (16)2 = 9  256
10

O Putting values of x, y and z in

cm

P = 265 cm
m options, we get only option 'c' is
8c 31. (a) As we know, ratio of areas of two
satisfying.
B C similar triangles is equal to the
x y z square of the ratio of their
Radius of circum-circle (R)    will be the area of
y z x corresponding sides, So, we can write
Hypotenuse Hypotenuse  (Ratio of corresponding sides)2
 10  required triangle.
2 2 27. (a) Length of altitude of an = Ratio of areas
Hypotenuse = 20 cm  (Ratio of corresponding sides)2
Now, area of right angled triangle 3
equilateral triangle = × side
2 74 3 74 3
1 = 
= × Hypotenuse × Altitude ATQ, 74 3 74 3
2
3 2l (7  4 3)2
drawn to hypotenuse l= × side  side = = = (7  4 3)2
2 3 49  48
1 Now, Area of an equilateral Hence, Ratio of corresponding
= × 20 × 8 = 80 cm²
2 3 sides = (7  4 3)2 = (7  4 3)
25. (c) A triangle = × (side)2
4 32. (a) Let the perimeter of triangle,
3 2l 2l 3l 2 square and circle be equal to 'x' cm.
105° = × × = Perimeter of equaliteral triangle
4 3 3 3
= 3(side) = x
28. (d) A
x
 Side of equilateral triangle =
3
30° 45°  Area of equilateral triangle
B C
(3 + 1) cm 3
= × (side)2
(1  3) 4
sin 105° = cos 15° = 3 x2 x2
2 2 B C =  =
We have, 4 9 12 3
T  0.048x2 ..... (i)
B = 30°, C = 45° & a = ( 3  1) cm Similarly,
Given, radius = 20 3 Perimeter of square = 4(side) = x
 A = 180° – 30 – 45°  105°
Since, ABC is an equilateral x
Now, From sine rule:  Side of square =
triangle. 4
a b c
= = side x2
sin A sin B sin C  R=  Area of square = (side)2 =
3 16
3 1 b c
 = = side = 20 3 × 3 = 60 cm S = 0.0625x2 ..... (ii)
sin105 sin 30 sin 45 Also,
c 29. (c) We know, that in equilateral Perimeter of circle = 2  (radius) = x
3 1 b
 = 1 = 1 triangle. x
(1  3)  Radius of circle =
2 2 3 3 2
2 2 AD = × AB = × 60 = 30 3  Area of circle =  (radius)2
2 2
2 2( 3  1) x2 x2
 = 2b = AG 2 AG 2
( 3  1) 2c Also,    =  2 =
GD 1 AD 3 4 4
 b= C  0.0795 x2 ..... (iii)
2 and c = 2 2 On comparing equation (i), (ii)
and Area of triangle
d = × 30 3 = 20 3
3 and (iii), we get, T < S < C

156 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
33. (b) P 35. (d) Let, side of square = x MN QN MN SN
And side of equilateral triangle = a  RS = QS and PQ = QS
2 2
ATQ,  PQ × NS = RS × QN
2uv u +v
4x QN PQ 5
4x = 3a  a =  = = .....(ii)
3 NS RS 3
Q R diagonal of square = 2x = 6 2 Put (ii) in (i),
u2 – v2
Let the given triangle be PQR, as x = 6 cm  15 
5
shown in figure. Ar. PQNM  85
4x =
 a = 3 = 8 cm  Ar. RSNM  15  3
 QR = base = (u² – v²) 3
 8
 PR = hypotenuse = (u² + v²) 3 2 55  5 275
Hence, area of triangle = a = =
By Pythagoras theorem, 4 39  3 117
 (PR)2 = (PQ)2 + (QR)2 3 39. (b) D R C
= × 8 × 8 = 16 3 cm2
 (u + v ) = (PQ) + (u – v )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4

 u4 + v4 + 2u2v2 = (PQ)2 + u4 + v4 – 36. (c) D C S Q

2u v 2 2 h1

 4u2v2 = (PQ)2
A P B
 PQ = 2uv h2 Statement I:
Now, ar. (ABCD) = 100 sq. units
A B
Then, area of quadilateral formed
1 Given, AC = 6 cm by joining mid points of larger
Area of triangle = × Base × Height
2 1
BD = 12 cm
quadilateral = (ar. ABCD)
1 When adjacent sides of a 2
 × QR × PQ = 2016
2 1
quadilateral are equal then = × 100 = 50 sq. units
1 2
 × (u2 – v2) × 2uv = 2016 the diagonals intersect at 90°
2 Diff. = 100 – 50 = 50 sq. units
Now,
(u2 – v2) × uv = 2016 If can be answered by statement 1.
1 Statement II:
(uv)(u + v)(u – v) = 32 × 7 × 9 Area of quad. ABCD =
2
× AC × (h1 + h2)
Note that statement 2 is reverse
We can write, of statement 1.
1 1
= × AC × BD = × 6 × 12
 (uv)(u + v)(u – v) = 16 × 9 2 × 7 2 2 2 and ar. PQRS = 50 sq. units
= 36 cm²  ar ABCD = 100 sq. units
Thus, we get, u = 8 2 and v = 2
Hence, perimeter of triangle 37. (d) P  Difference = 100 – 50 = 50 sq.
R units
= PQ + QR + PR
M 40. (c) Given,
= 2uv + u2 – v2 + u2 + v2 h1 h2
5 3
2
D C
= 2uv + 2u = 32 + 256 = 288 units
Note:- we can use triplet [(u2 +
v2), (u2 – v2), (2uv)] A Q N S B
34. (a) A Given, PQ = 5 cm
RS = 3 cm
l/2 l/2 A B
We know, that,
l/2 Perimeter of ABCD = AB + BC +
D E
1 1 1 CB + AD
l/2 l/2  
PQ RS MN Statement I:
B C
l 1 1 1 Given, AB + DC = 10 cm
  =
1 5 3 MN We know,
Clearly, DE = BC 15 If a quadilateral ABCD
2 MN = cm
8 circumscribe a circle then AB + CD
[By Similarity of ABC and ADE]
1 = BC + AD = 10 cm
Required shaded area = Area of Ar. PQNM
 Sum of parallels × h
1
ABC – Area of ADE 38. (c)
2
= 1 Perimeter = 10 + 10 = 20 cm
Ar. RSNM × Sum of parallels × h2
2 Statement II:
3 2 3 l2 3 2 1
Given, AD + BC = 10 cm
= l  = l 1   (PQ  MN)  QN
4 4 4 4  4 = (RS  MN)  NS ......(i) from above statement, AD + BC =
3 3l 2 AB + CD = 10 cm
= Now, QMN ~ QRS and SMN ~
16 SPQ  Perimeter = 10 + 10 = 20 cm

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
157
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
D 1 i.e PO : OS = 2 : 1
41. (a)
= × 14 × 14 = 98 cm2  PO : PS = 2 : 3
A 2
[Area of square formed by joining 3 2r 2
mid pts. is always half of the outer r: b = 2 : 3  
2 3b 3
square]
46. (c) As we know, b
Area of square = (side)2 r=  b = 3r
B C 3
Area of square1 = m² = (side1)2
ACD is an equilateral triangle as Area of an equilateral triangle
 side1 = m
AC = AD = DC = 20 units And area of square2 = n4 =(side2)2 3
3  (n²)2 = (side2)2 = × (side)²
 Area of ACD = × (side)2 4
4 side2 = n²
Now, Ratio of perimeters 3
3 Area of PQR = × b²
= × 20 × 20 = 100 3 perimeter of square1 4 × side1 4
4 = perimeter of square = 4 × side
~ 173.2 sq. units 2 2 3
y = × 3r² ( b = 3r )
In ABC, AC = 20 units & BC = m 4
= 2
12 units, Applying pythagoras n 3 3r² 4y
theorem,  The ratio of their perimeters is y =  r² = .....(ii)
4 3 3
m : n²
 (AB)2 = (AC)2 – (BC)² From (i) and (ii) we get,
47. (c) Given, Area of the field = 25
 (AB)2 = 400 – 144 = 256 hectares
 AB = 16 units Speed of the man = 5 km/hr. x 4y

Let, the side of the square field 2 3 3
1
Area of ABC =  × base × height be x m.
2 (x)² = 25 hectare Squaring both sides,
1 1  (x)² = 25 × 10000m²
= × AB × BC = ×16 ×12 x 2 16y 2
2 2 x = 250000 m²  x = 500m  27x2 = 64y2
= 96 sq. units 4 27
Perimeter of the field = 4x
 Area of quadrilateral ABCD = 4 × 500 = 2000m = 2 km. Alternate Method:
= 173.2 + 96 = 269.2 ~ 269 cm² Distance 2
Time = = hr. x = ( 2 r)² = 2r²
42. (a) In ADC, Speed 5
s(semi-perimeter) r 3r
2  Height of triangle = r + 
41  28  15 84 = × 60 = 24 minutes. 2 2
5
= = = 42 cm
2 2  It will take 24 minutes to walk 2
around the boundary of the field.  3r  1 3 3r²
Area of ADC  y =    
P 2 3 4
= 42  (42  41)  (42  28)  (42  15) 48. (b) A a B
r r b x ² 64
= 42  1  14  27 o b   27x² = 64y²
a r a o
r r y² 27
= 2 3 7 7 2 3 3 3 Q
D a C S b R 49. (b) Let, the side of the square be
2 2
= 2  3  7 = 2 ×3 × 7 = 126 cm
2 4 2
Let, ABCD be the square with 's' and the length and breadth of
43. (b) Area of quadrilateral ABCD area x and PQR be the equilateral the rectangle be 'l' and 'b'
triangle with area y. Let a be the respectively.
= Area of ADC + Area of ABC
side of square & b be the side of
1  equilateral triangle. ATQ,
= 126 +   9  40  In ADC, Perimeter of a square = Perimeter
2 
= 126 + 180 = 306 cm2 (AC)² = (AD)² + (DC)² of the rectangle
 (2r)² = a² + a²  4s = 2(l + b)
44. (c) Difference between perimeter
 4r² = 2a²
of ABC and ADC  a² = 2r² (l  b)
= (9 + 40 + 41) – (15 + 28 + 41) Area of square = a² s= ......(i)
2
= 90 – 84 = 6 cm x
45. (a) x = 2r² r² = .....(i) They difference in area be 1 cm²
D C 2
 (s)² – (lb) = 1
R Now, since PQR is an equilateral
triangle, 2
l  b 
  – (lb) = 1 [from (i)]
So, the centre of the circle is also  2 
S Q 14 the centroid of PQR.
3 l² + b²  2lb
Height of equilateral  = × side  – lb = 1
4
2
A P B 3 l² + b² – 2lb = 4  (l – b)² = 4
Area of shaded region = Area of PS = b l–b=2
2
1 And we know that centroid divides Length of the rectangle exceeds
ABCD – Ar. PQRS = Ar. ABCD
2 the median into 2 : 1 ratio, its breadth by 2 cm.

158 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
50. (b) Let, the length and breadth of x² + (4x)² = 8² 56. (c) Let, the length of side of
two rectangles be l1, b1 and l2, b2 square be x cm and the length of
17x² = 64 side of equilateral triangle be y cm.
respectively.
ATQ, 8 32 ATQ,
x =  4x =
 l1 × b1 = 480 17 17 Diagonal of square = 12 2 cm
 l2 × b2 = 480 1024
 Area of square = (4x)² =  x 2 = 12 2 x = 12 cm.
Both rectangles differ in length by 17
6 cm and breadth by 4 cm. we square cm. Area of equilateral triangle = 64 3
know that, if the length of one 53. (d) +  = 90° tan+ tan(90 – ) 3
rectangle is increased then to = tan+ cot  × y² = 64 3
make the area same the breadth 4
should be decreased 1 17  y² = 256  y = 16 cm.
= +4= Statement I:
So, 4 4
Perimeter of square = perimeter
If l2 = (l1 + 6)cm then b2 = (b1 – 4)cm Alternate Method:-
of triangle
Now, 1  4(12) = 3(16)
Perimeter of first rectangle = 2(l1 + b1) tan =
4  48 = 48
perimeter of second rectangle  L.H.S = R.H.S
3x
= 2(l1 + 6 + b1 – 4) tan = Hence, Statement (1) is correct.
AE
 2(l1 + b1 + 2)  2(l1 + b1) + 4 Statement II:
Now, in AEF:- AE = FE² – AF²
The difference in their perimeter Area of square (12)²
= 2(l1 + b1) + 4 – 2(l1 + b1) = 4 cm 2  
 24  36 6 Area of triangle 3
= 36 –  = =  (16)²
 The difference in their  17  17 17 4
perimeter is 4cm.
Alternate Method:- 24 As 144 As 3 3
   
For the same figure, 17 At 64 3 At 4
tan= =4
The difference in perimeter = 6
 4As = 3 3 At
Difference in the sum of sides 17
Hence, Statement (2) is also
p1 – p2 = 2(l1 + b1) – 2(l1 + 6 + b1 1 17 correct.
– 4) = 2(6 – 4) = 4 cm tan + tan = +4=
4 4  Both Statement (1) & (2) are
51. (c) Let the radius of circle be 'r' correct.

and side of square be 'a' cm. 54. (a) Area of CDE = × CD × ED 57. (d)
ATQ, 2
Consider EDC:-
Area of circle & square are same
r2 = (a)2 1024
ED = EC² – DC² = 100 –
17
r 1 X
 = ...... (i) 676 26
a   Area of square X = p
=
Now, Perimeter of circle = 2r 17 17 Area of square formed on the
So, Ratio of perimeter of circle to 1 32 26 diagonal of the square X = q
Area (CDE) = 2  
Let the side of the square X be
2r 17 17
perimeter of square = 'a'.
4a 416
= cm²  p = a²
17
1 r 1 1  Diagonal of the square X =
= × × = × × = 55. (c) Let, x be the side of n identical 2a
2 a 2  2 square sheets & y be the side of
52. (c) (90– )  q = ( 2a)² = 2a²
large square.
A E D p 1
 Diagonal of a square = side × 2  q  2
 ATQ,
F 90° 58. (d)
m
90– y 2 =my=
2

Area of large square = sum of
B C
Consider, FAE and CBF areas of small squares
Diagonal of square plate
A = B = 90° (y)² = n × x²
AFE = FCB =  = Diameter of circular disk
2
m  m
FAE ~CBF   = n × x²  y    2 × (side of square) = 2 × r
 2   2
AF FE 6 3
    m  2 ×(side of square) = 2
BC FC 8 4 m²
 = n × x²  x =
Let, AF = 3x and BC = 4x 2 2n  side of square = 2 units
FB = x Side of the smaller square
 Area of largest square plate =
Now, in FBC, using pythagoras m
sheet = (side)2 = ( 2)2 = 2 sq. units
theorem:- 2n

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
159
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
59. (c) Let the length and breadth of a2    65. (c) Given,
rectangle be 'L' and 'B' = 1 side of square floor = 10 m = s
2  2 
respectively and let the side of side of equilateral triangle = 2m = a
Area of region  & region  are
square be 'x' cm Dimension of book = 4m × 1 m ×
same by geometry
ATQ,  Common area in these two 9m=l×b×h
One side of the rectangle is Area to be carpted
numerically equal to the square a2     
sectors = 2 ×  1 =a2   1 1  2 3 2 
of the side of square. 2  2   2  = 2  s  4 a  4  l  b 
 L = x2 Alternate Method:-  
Also, Area of rectangle and square Area of a leaf in a square is always 1  2 3 
2
are same.   = 2  10  4  2  4  4  1
 L × B = x2 x2 × B = x2 = (side)2 ×   1  
2 
B = 1 1 
Here common area is also in form =  100  3  16  = 41.134 m2
 Other side of the rectangle is of leaf. 2 
of unit length. Hence, cost = 41.134 × 100
 
60. (a) So area = a2   1 = 4113.4 ~ Rs.4113
 2 
66. (d) 16cm
Alternate method:-
If side of square is 'a' than Area
14cm
4 16cm 16cm
of leaf = × a² O
7 7cm
22   
= a²  – 1 = a²  – 1 16cm
14
 
 2 

62. (c) Area of square = (side)² = (4)² Area of square (A1) = (side)²
= 16 cm² = 16 × 16 = 256cm²
Here,
The sum of the area of four quadrants Area of the circular disc. (A2) = r²
Diagonal of square = diameter of
circle = 2r of a circle removed from the corners 22
of the square is equal to the area of = × 7 × 7 = 154cm²
7
 2 × side of square = 2r the circle of diameter 2 cm. The area of the remaining part of
 Side of square = diameter the plate (A) = A1 – A2
2r Radius of circle = = 1cm
2 = (256 – 154) cm² =102 cm²
Now, Area of circle = r²
 Area of circle = (radius)2 Weight of 256 cm² plate = 128 grams
Area of square = (side)2 = ( 2r )2 22 The weight of 102 cm² of the plate
= cm2
=2r2 7 128  102
Hence, area of shaded region = = = 51 grams
Ratio of area of circle to that of 256
Area of square – 2 (Area of circle)
r 2 22 1 11  The weight of the remaining
square = 2 = × = 44 68 5 part is 51 grams.
2r 7 2 7 = 16 – = = 9 cm²
7 7 7 67. (d) Given, perimeter [2(l + b)] = 400
 Required ratio = 11 : 7. l + b = 200
63. (d)
61. (c) B a Area is maximum when length
C
= breadth.
2
a i.e; l = b = 100 cm
Area = 100 × 100 = 10,000 cm²
a  a 68. (c) (2x – 4)
 D C
1
Here, diameter of circle = diagonal
of square
x 4 x
A D
 d = 2a 2r = 2a x+
a
ATQ, a A (2x – 4) B
 r=
there are two circular arcs: 2 Given,
Hence, Shaded area = Area of AC + AB = 3AD
Arc 1 with center C is BDC circle – Area of square
Arc 2 with center A is ABD and AC – AD = 4
a 2
Now join B & D = r 2  a 2 =  a2 Let, AD = x, AC = x + 4
2
1 Then, x + 4 + AB = 3x
So, Area of ABD = × base × height 2  a 2 (  2)  AB = 2x – 4
2 = a   1 =
2  2 Now, in ADC:-
1 a2 64. (b) Let length of square be 's' cm.
= ×a×a= (x + 4)2 = x2 + (2x – 4)2
2 2 and let initial area be A.
ATQ, x2 + 16 + 8x = x2 + 4x2 + 16 – 16x
90 a 2  (s + 8)2 = s2 + 120 4x2 = 24x x = 6
Area of arc ABD = r2 × =
360 4  s2 + 64 + 16s – s2 = 120 Area of rectangle = (x) × (2x – 4)
1 a2 56 = 6 × (12 – 4) = 6 × 8
So, Area of region  =
4
a2 –  s= = 3.5 cm = 48 square units
2 16

160 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
69. (b) D C 1 75. (b) The rectangle of the length 10
 Area of AEFB = (EF + AB) × QR units and breadth 8 units can be
x
2
x 1 5 split as:
F
Q = (5 2 + 10) × = 30.1  30 cm² 10 units
2 2 2
P 73. (b) Area of shaded region = area of 5×3
E sector REF + area of sector OEF – 5×5 (Rectangle)
(2–)x x area of sq. OERF (Square)

8 units
Since, area of REF and OEF are 5×5
A 1 B
90 25 5×3 (Square)
Given, AD = 2 cm same = ×  × 5² = × and (Rectangle)
360 4
Let, DP = x  PA = (2 – x) area of square OERF = 5² = 25 y is the area of the rectangle and
PFD  PAB (ASA) 25
Shaded area = 2 ×  – 25 x is the area of square given in
 In APB:- 4 question.
PB² = AP² + AB² = 25 × 1.57 – 25
Area of square = (side)²
x² = (2 – x)² + 1² = 25 × 0.57 = 14.25 cm²
74. (b) Let, the length be 2x & x = 25 unit²
 x² = 4 + x² – 4x + 1
breadth be x. Area of rectangle = Length ×
5 Area = (2x)(x) = 2x²
x= breadth
4 ATQ, y = 5 × 3 = 15 unit²
1 Area of the house = 200m² y<x
Area of APB = × 1 × (2 – x)  2x² = 200 100 = x²  10 = x
2 Statement I: y is always greater
5 1 3 3 Length = 2x = 20m
1 than x. (Wrong Statement)
= × 1 × (2 – )= × = Breadth = x = 10 m.
2 4 2 4 8 Now, Statement II: y can be 15 square
Area of shaded region = area of Since the owner of the house
rectangle ABCD – 2 × area of APB units. (Correct Statement)
extends the terrace by 1m one Only Statement (2) is correct.
3 3 5 each side,
=2 ×1 –2 × =2– = cm² Hence, option (b) is the correct
8 4 4 New length = 20 + 1 + 1 = 22m
70. (c) Area of non-overlapping region New Breadth = 10 + 1 + 1 = 12m answer
= Ar. (4 identical triangles) {On each side means two length 76. (a) Let, 'l ' and 'b' be the length
& two breadths} and breadth of the rectangular
3 3 New area = (22 × 12) = 264 m²
 Required area = 4 × = cm² garden.
8 2 Area increase = New area – old Area ATQ,
71. (c) D O C = 264 – 200 = 64m²
Area of garden = 375 m²
64
P % Area increased = × 100 = 32% 375
200 l × b = 375  l = .....(i)
E
Z
F b
Alternate Method:-
Area of house = 200m² 375
Q b =
2x × x = 200  x = 10m. l
A R B ......(ii)
Length = 2 × 10 = 20m, breadth = Since, he is able to fence only three
O and R bisects the opposite
sides of a rectangle and centre of 10m. sides of the garden with 65m of
two identical semicircles with Increased area = 2d(l + b + 2d) wire, so there are two possibilities:-
radius 5 cm. = 2 × 1(20 + 10 + 2 × 1) = 2 × 32 = 64 m² 2b + l = 65 .....(iii)
Connecting. EOFR  it become a
square 64 or
Required% = × 100 = 32% 2l + b = 65 .....(iv)
EOF and ERF are both right 200
angle For next 3 solution From equation (i) and (iii), we get,
also, EF is diameter and EO = OF 375
= FR = RE = 5 cm S H R 2b + = 65
[all 4 are radii of two identical b
semicircles] r I 2b² – 65b + 375 = 0
1 A B  (2b – 15) (b – 25) = 0
Area (EOF) = r O
[area of square  b = 7.5, 25 and l = 50, 15
2 D F
EOFR] C Pair (l, b) = (50, 7.5) is possible
2
1 1 25 P 4E G Q here, as length > breadth.
= × OE² = × 5² = So, the perimeter of rectangle
2 2 2 Let, O be the centre of the circle
= 12.5 cm² & AB be the diameter (i.e 2r) = 2(50 + 7.5) = 115m
72. (a) EF = 2 × side of square OERF Then, SR = AB = PQ = 2r Similarly, on solving equation (ii)
and (iv), we get,
= 2×5=5 2 OD = r OF = r – 2 DF = r – 4
l = 7.5, 25 and b = 50, 15
Z is the centre of full circle In ODF,
Pair (l, b) = (25, 15) is possible
(OD)² = (OF)² + (DF)²
EF 5 2 5 here, as length > breadth.
EZ =   r² = (r – 2)² + (r – 4)²
2 2 2 So, the perimeter of rectangle
r² = r² + 4 – 4r + r² + 16 – 8r = 2(25 + 15) = 80m
 QR = ER² – EZ² r² – 12r + 20 = 0 Hence, from options we can say
 5 
2
5 (r – 10) (r – 2) = 0 that 80m is the perimeter of the
= 5² –  =
 2  2 r = 10 or r = 2 garden.
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs
161
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
79. (d) Number of tiles in a row
77. (d)  3 2  3 2
Width 4.5   4  r   4  r = 32 3
=  = 9 tiles    
Side of square 0.5
[  50 cm = 0.5 m]  3 
Number of tiles in column  2  4 r² = 32 3
 
Length 10 r² = 64  r = 8 cm.
Let the length & breadth of the = Side of square = = 20 tiles
0.5 83. (b) Given, area of rhombus = 96 cm²
rectangle be '4x' units & '3x' Total no. of tiles = 9 × 20  d1 = 12 cm
units respectively, No. of packets required We know that, area of rhombus
 AB = CD = 4x 20 1 1
 BC = AD = 3x =9× = 9 packets × d1 × d2 96 = × 12 × d2
20 2 2
 O is the intersection point of Cost of 9 packets = 9 × 100 = Rs.900 96  2
diagonals & centre of the 80. (b) Volume of rain falls = Volume  d2 = = 16 cm
12
rectangle, So of land
 OX =
AB
2
= 2x
= 2 hectare × 5cm Side of rhombus =
1
2  d12  d22 
[1 hec = 10000 m2]
1
 OY =
BC
=
3x
= 2 × 10000m2 ×
5
m = 1000m3
=
2
  (12)²  (16)² 
2 2 100
Now, 1 1
1
81. (b) Consider,
Statement I:
=
2
 2

 144  256 = × 20 = 10 cm.
Area of triangle = ×base × height  Perimeter of the rhombus
2
d1
d2 = 4 × side
1
Area of COD = × CD × OY = 4 × 10 = 40 cm.
2 s
1 3x 84. (a) A 25 B
= × 4x × = 3x2 s
2 2
Given, s = d1 20
1 25 25
& Area of BOC = × BC × OX We know,
2 O
2 2
In Rhombus, d  d 1 2 = 4 × side² 20
1
= × 3x × 2x =3x2  d  d = 4 × d1²  d 22  3d12
2 2
2 1 2 D 25 C
 Required ratio = 3x² : 3x² = 1 : 1 d2 3 Let, ABCD be the rhombus with
78. (c) 12  d  1 perimeter = 100m and let AC and
1
0.5 BD be the diagonals such that AC
 This statement is enough to
answer. = 40m.
0.5 0.5 6
Statement II: We know that, diagonals of a
Let, d2 be the longer diagonal rhombus bisect each other at 90°
0.5 Then, d2 = 3s 40
So, AO = OC = = 20m
length & breadth of outer rectangle 2
Again, d  d = 4 × s²
1
2
2
2
is 12 feet. & 6 feet. respectively. and BOC = 90°
 d12 + 3s² = 4 × s²
So, Area = 12 × 6 = 72 ft2 Let, x be the side length of
Now, there is a margin of 6 inches  d12 = s²  d1 = s rhombus ABCD.
or 0.5 ft. 4x = 100m  x = 25m
2 d 3
Then, Length of inner rectangle Then, d  1  The length of each side of
1
= 12 – 1 = 11ft rhombus ABCD is 25m.
Breadth of inner rectangle 82. (c) In BOC, by pyhagoras theorem,
= 6 – 1 = 5ft O  (BC)² = (BO)² + (OC)²
r
So, Area of inner rectangle r  (25)² = (BO)² + (20)²
A
= 11 × 5 = 55 ft2
 (BO)² = 625 – 400
So, Area of dark red border C
 (BO)² = 225  BO = 15 m
= (72 – 55) ft2 = 17 ft2.
B So, BD = 2BO = 30m
Alternate method:-
OA = OB = OC = radius Now, Area of rhombus ABCD
We know,
Since, OABC is a rhombus
Area of darker red border 1 1
BC = AB = r = × d1 × d2 = × 40 × 30 = 600m²
= 2d(l + b – 2d) 2 2
OAB and OBC are equilateral s.  The land is divided into four
Where, d = width of border
ATQ, equal parts,
6  6 Area of rhombus = 32 3
So, Area = 2 × (6  12)  2   600
12  12  Area of OAB + Area of OBC So, the area of each part =
4
= 18 – 1 = 17 ft2. = 32 3 = 150m²

162 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
85. (c) Area of rhombus = 336 cm² So, the length of d1 = 2x = 6 90. (b) Let the length of the base of
Length of one diagonal of the and d2 = 2x + 2 = 8 triangle and parallelogram be 'b'
rhombus = 48 cm and let 'a' be the altitude of the
1
Let, the other diagonal be d2 Area of the rhombus = × d1 × d2 parallelogram.
2
1 ATQ,
Area of rhombus = × d1 × d 2 1
2 = × 6 × 8 = 24 cm² Base of triangle = base of
2
48  d 2 87. (a) Given x & y are the diagonals parallelogram = b
336 = d2 = 14 cm
2 of a rhombus. Altitude of triangle = k times
Now, from the figure, altitude of parallelogram = ka
1
A Area of rhombus =
2
× product of  Area of triangle & parallelogram
is equal
xy
diagonals = 1
2  × b × ka = b × a
24 2
88. (b) Given,
B k
7 C l×b=P  =1k=2
2
xy = P
The value of k is 2
91. (d) D E C
x and
(AB)² = (AC)² + (BC)² 1 1
(AB)² = (24)² + (7)² y 2 O 2
 (AB)² = 576 + 49  (AB)² = 625 D y C 1 1
AB = 25 cm A B
F
 Perimeter of the rhombus h2
Let the area of the parallelogram
= 25 × 4 = 100 cm. h1 x
be 8 units. Diagonal BD will divide
86. (c) Let the diagonal of rhombus d1
 it in 2 equal parts:-
be 2x
E A F B So, Area ABD = Area BCD
ATQ, y
The diagonal d2 will be = 2x + 2 = 4 units
As we know all sides of rhombus Q  y × h 1 = x × h2 Further CO will divide BCD in 2
are equal and diagonal of rhombus Statement I: equal parts. So,
bisect each other at 90° x 2 4

A B y 1 Area DOC = = 2 units
2
Let, x = 2k, y = k Now, Given EF||AD so ADEF is
P = 2k² a parallelogram. EO will divide
2x
Also in the parallelogram with DOC in 2 equal parts.
O sides x and y, if we cut the
2x+2
triangle EAD and paste over 2
triangle FBC, it will overlap, Area of DOE = =1
D C 2
forming a rectangle ABCD with
In AOB, area x × y = 2k.k = 2k² When DOE is cut out from the
2x P = Q plate ABCD, remaining portion of
O = 90°, OA = = x & OB = the plate = 8 – 1 – 7 units
2 Hence, we can answer the
2x + 2 question with this statement 7
=x+1 Statement II: Required ratio = = 7:8
2 8
So, by pythagoras theorem,  = 60°
92. (c) Since all the four sides of a
(AB)² = (OA)² + (OB)² 3 parallelogram are of equal length,
 Q = xy sin60° = xy × < xy
 Side of rhombus  x ²  (x  1)² 2 then it is a rhombus.
P>Q Since diagonals are in the ratio
Now again ATQ, So, Question can be answered by 1:2, lets assume the length of
Perimeter of rhombus using this statement done too. smaller diagonal be x and that of
= Sum of diagonals + 6 89. (b) D C bigger diagonal be 2x.
 4  
x ²  (x  1)² = d1 + d2 + 6 ATQ,
 4  x ²  (x  1)²  = 2x + 2x + 2 + 6 8cm x + 2x = 12cm 3x = 12
 x = 4cm
 x ²  (x  1)² = x + 2 
On squaring both sides, we get:  2x = 8cm
A 15cm B Now, Area of parallelogram = Area
 x² + (x + 1)² = (x + 2)² If a and b are adjacent sides and
 x² + x² + 2x + 1 = x² + 4x + 4  is the angle between them, then 1
of Rhombus  × D1 × D2
 x² – 2x – 3 = 0 the area of parallelogram = ab sin 2
 (x – 3) (x + 1) = 0 Area of ABCD = AD × AB × sin 1
 x = 3 or x = – 1 (Not possible) = 8 × 15 × sin =120 sin = × 4 × 8 =16cm²
2
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs
163
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
93. (a) Let ABCD be the parallelogram Statement I:
95. (d) A B
This is the direct result that
T and WXYZ be the parallelogram
when a parallelogram is formed by
S as shown in the figure. joining the mid points of a given O
A Z D parallelogram, its area is half the
area of original parallelogram.
D C
Area of T 1
W Y 
Area of S 2 We have been given that 2AB = 3DC
Hence, true.
AB 3
Statement II:  
B X C DC 2
Statement I: According to the mid-point
theorem, the length of the line As we know that diagonals of a
As we know, the line segments trapezium divide each other
segment joining the mid-points of
joining the mid- points of the two sides of a triangle is half the proportionally.
sides of a triangle divides the length of the third side. AO BO
triangle into four equal triangles. A Z D So,  & AOB = DOC
OC OD
 In ABD, AW = WB and AZ = ZD
So, AOB ~ DOC (SAS Similarity)
1 W Y
 Area (AWZ) = Area (ABD) Area(AOB) (AB)² (3)²
4   
Area(DOC) (DC)² (2)²
......(i)
B X C
Also, in BCD, BX = XC and CY = YD Area(AOB) 9
1
1 In ABD, WZ = × BD .......(i)  Area(DOC)  4
 Area (CXY) = × Area 2
4
(BCD)....... (ii) 1 96. (d) Area of trapezium when
In ABC, WX = × AC .......(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get, 2 parallel and non-parallel sides are
Area (AWZ) + Area (CXY) 1 given:
In, BCD, XY = × BD .......(iii) If a, b and c, d are the length of
1 2
= × [Area (ABD) + Area (BCD)] two parallel and non-parallel
4 1
In, ADC, YZ = × AC .......(iv) sides of the trapezium then, Area
1 2
= × [Area (ABCD)] ..... (iii) of trapezium
4 Adding all equations, we get,
Similarly,  WZ + WX + XY + YZ = AC + BD a b
 Area (DYZ) + Area (BWX) = s(s  k )(s  c )(s  d )
 Perimeter (WXYZ) = Sum of k
1 diagonals of ABCD
= × Area (ABCD) ......(iv) k c d
4  Perimeter of parallelogram S is where, k = b – a & s =
equal to the sum of diagonals of 2
Now, adding (iii) & (iv), we get
parallelogram T.
 Area (AWZ) + Area (CXY) + A 4 cm
 Statement 2 is not correct B
Area (DYZ) + Area (BWX)
 Only statement 1 is correct.
1 3 cm
= [Area (ABCD)] 94. (a) D 21cm C 2 cm
2 h
 Area (ABCD) – Area (WXYZ)
m

8.5c
8.5c

1 D C
m

= × [Area (ABCD)] 7 cm
2
E F
1 A 21cm B Here, a = 4, b = 7, c = 3 and d = 2
 × Area (ABCD) = Area (WXYZ) 4cm 4cm
2
29cm  k=b–a=7–4=3
Area (ABCD)
 Area (WXYZ) = 2 In AED by pythagoras theorem,
k c d 3 3 2
 (AD)² = (AE)² + (DE)² s= = =4
 (Area of parallelogram T) : 2 2
 (8.5)² = (4)² + (DE)²
(Area of parallelogram S) = 2 : 1 Hence, area of trapezium:-
 72.25 – 16 = (DE)²
Statement 1 is correct.
Alternate method:-  56.25 = (DE)² a b
A= s(s  k )(s  c )(s  d )
A z D  DE = 7.5 cm k
1
Area of trapezium = × sum of 47
2 = 4(4  3)(4  3)(4  2)
w y parallel sides × height 3
1
= × (21 + 29) × 7.5 = 25 × 7.5 11 22 2
2 = × 4 11 2 = cm2
B x C 3 3
= 187.5cm²

164 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
97. (d) Let the Area of AOB, BOC, ATQ,
COD and AOD be A1, A2, A3 & 2 × side of square = 2r
If CD = x then AB = 2 3 x
A4 respectively. 2l
 AC = BC = 3x  2 × side of square =
A D 2 3
DAC = DBC = 30° l
A4
[By Geometry]  side of square =
A3 6
A1
O Now, chord AD makes 30° at  Area of square = (side)²
A2
circumference 2
 it will make 60° at centre.  l  l2
=   
B C
Similarly DOB = 60°  6 6
In a trapezium, We have:- AOB = 60° + 60° = 120° 103. (a)
A1 = A3 = 3 cm2 ......(i) Now,
and A2 + A3 = 8 cm2 .....(ii)
120
From eq. (i) & (ii) we get r²
P 360
 A2 + 3 = 8  A2 = 5 cm² =
Q 120 sin120
We also know that in a trapezium, r²  – 
 360
 2  Greatest possible area is cut off.
A1 × A3 = A2 × A4 d1 = d2 = d = diameter of smaller
1
9  circles
 3 × 3 = 5 × A4  = A4 = 3
5 D = diameter of larger circle
 3
 1.8 cm² = A4 –
3 4 then, d1 + d2 = D
 Area of triangle AOD is 1.8cm².
1.04 1.04  2d = D
98. (c) Right wheel covers circumference = = = 1.7
= 2r = 2(50) = 100 1.04 – 0.425 0.615 D R
101. (b) Given, sides of triangle are 12  r = = [R = radius of bigger
Left wheel covers circumference 4 2
cm, 16 cm and 20 cm. circle]
= 2(r + 1) = 2(51) = 102
A Area of smaller circle r 2
Left wheel turns
Area of larger circle = R 2
 2  20
 1000 +  ×1000  = 1020 12 R2 1
100 
r = =
99. (a) Given, 4R 2 4
B C
16  Area of 1 small circle
Since,
Area of larger circle A
(12)² + (16)² = (20)² = 
 144 + 256 = 400 4 4
O
 400 = 400 (Satisfying) A A
R  Area cut off = 2 × 4 = 2
r Hence, the sides of the triangle
A 7 B 7 C
are forming pythagorean triplet
A A
 Radius of circle inscribed in  Remaining area = A – 2 = 2
By pythagoras theorem in OAB:- this triangle (i.e inradius)
R² – r² = 7² 1
Perpendicular  Base – Hypotenuse 104. (c) Area of segment = × r² ×
Now, = 2
2
ATQ,
12  16 – 20    
Area of region between concentric = = 4 cm 180  – sin
circles = R² – r² 2  
Area of circle = r² =3.14 × (4)² Here minor angle = 90°
22 = 3.14 × 16 =50.24 ~ 50 cm²
= (R² – r²) = × 7² Area of minor segment
7
102. (d) 1    
= 154 square cm.
 × r² × 180  90 – sin90
Minor 2  
100. (b)
D segment 2
l l 1  l   
2r  2   – 1  l ²  – 1
x  2  2  4 2 
30° c 30°
A 60° 60° B
r r 105. (a) Major angle = 270°
O l
 Area of major segment
Here side of equilateral triangle is
given 'l'. 1    
Area of segment = Area of sector inradius of an equilateral triangle  × r² × 180  270 – sin270
2  
– Area of  l
side 2
1  l   3
 1 = r= 
– (–1)
2 3  ×
=
360
r² –
2
ab sin 2 3 2  2   2 
And length of diagonal of square
  sin inscribed in circle Diameter of l ²  3 
= r²  –     1
360
 2  circle 4 2 

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
165
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
106. (c) 108. (c) 111. (c)
4cm 4cm
13cm A B r R
O O O
r R 4cm 4cm

4cm 4cm Let, the radii two circles be r and R.

Let, the radii of two circles be R
C ATQ,
and r.
Let, A, B & C be the centres of R + r = 9 cm ......(i)
ATQ,
three circles touching each other r = 9 – R ......(ii)
R + r = 13 cm ......(i)
(each of radius 4cm) Also, R² + r² = 41
Also, R² + r² = 89 AB = BC = CA = 8cm  (R² + r²) = 41
R² + r² = 89 So, ABC is an equilateral triangle
 R² + r² = 41 .....(iii)
We know that, and we know that angles of an
equilateral triangle are 60° each. We know that,
(R + r)² = R² + r² + 2Rr
Now, Area of the region enclosed (R + r)² = R² + r² + 2Rr
 169 = 89 + 2Rr by circles = Area of ABC- Area of So, from equation (i) and (iii),
80 sectors formed in three circles.
 (9)² = 41 + 2Rr
 = Rr
2 3   81 – 41 = 2Rr
= (side)² – 3 × × r²
 Rr = 40 .....(ii) 4 360
 Rr = 20 ......(iv)
From (i) & (ii) we get, 3 60 On solving equation (ii) and (iv)
= (8)² – 3 × ×  × (4)²
 R (13 – R) = 40 4 360  R(9 – R) = 20
 R² – 13R + 40 = 0 = (16 3 – 8) cm²  9R – R² = 20
 R² – 8R – 5R + 40 = 0 Alternate method:-  R² – 9R + 20 = 0
 (R – 8) (R – 5) = 0 Area of intersecting region  (R – 5) (R – 4) = 0
a 2   64  
 3 –  =  3 – 
R = 8 or 5  R = 5, 4 and r = 4, 5
=
4  2 4  2
So, we will have two cases. Hence, their diameters will be 8
Case (i) R = 8 & r = 5 = 16 3 – 8 cm and 10 cm respectively.
Case (ii) R = 5 & r = 8 109. (a) Given, sides of a triangle = 4 So, difference between their
cm, 7.5 cm and 8.5 cm diameters = 2 cm.
In both cases difference between
radii is 3 cm. 4  7.5  8.5 Alternate Method:-
Semi-perimeter (s) = = 10
2 R + r = 9 cm,
 Difference between the radii of
both circles is 3 cm. Area  10(10 – 4)(10 – 7.5)(10 – 8.5) (R2 + r2) = 41 R2 + r2 = 41
Alternate Method:- = 10  6  2.5  1.5 = 6  25  1.5 By Hit and trial method,
R + r = 13 cm, = 150  1.5 = 225 = 15 cm² Let R = 5cm, r = 4 cm
(R + r ) = 89 R + r = 89
2 2 2 2 We know that, inradius of R + r = 5 + 4 = 9
triangle and R2 + r2 = 25 + 16 = 41
By Hit and trial method,
Area of triangle 15 2R – 2r = 10 – 8 = 2 cm.
Let R = 8cm, r = 5 cm = Semi  perimeter  10 = 1.5 cm
R + r = 8 + 5 = 13 2r
Alternate Method:- 112. (a) Length of arc 
and R2 + r2 = 64 + 25 = 89 (4)² + (7.5)² = (8.5)² 360
R – r = 8 – 5 = 3 cm.  16 + 56.25 = 72.25
 72.25 = 72.25 (Satisfying) 22 
107. (a) Speed of person = 6 km/hr. 55 = 2 × × 21 ×
Hence, the sides of the triangle 7 360
Distance travelled by person are Pythagorean triplet.
= Circumference of circular park. In-radius of right-angled triangle 55  7   5
   
2  22  21 360 360 12
Perpendicular  Base – Hypotenuse
210 
Radius of park = = 105m 2 
2 Now, Area of sector = r²
4  7.5 – 8.5 3 360
= = = 1.5 cm
22 2 2
 Circumference = 2r = 2× × 110. (d) Radius of wheel = 35 cm 22 5
7  × 21 × 21 × = 577.5 cm²
Circumference of wheel = 2r 7 12
105 = 660m =0.66 km.
22 Alternate Method:-
=2× × 35 = 220 cm = 2.2 m
Distance 0.66 7
Time = Speed = hr. Distance = Circumference of 1
6 Area of sector = × length of arc
wheel × number of revolutions 2
11000 = 2.2 × n
0.66  1
 6  60
=   minutes 11000 × radius = × 55 × 21
   = n  n = 5000 2
2.2
= 6.6 minutes So, Value of n = 5000 = 577.5 cm2

166 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
113. (d) Given radius of circular wire 117. (b)  (OB)2 = (3)2 + (3 3 )2
= 70 cm.
 (OB)2 = 9 + 27
22 r r
Circumference = 2r = 2 × × 70   (OB)2 = 36 units
7
OB = 6 units [i.e. radius of the
=440 cm Area of segment = Area of sector circle]
Now, its bent to form a rhombus, – Area of triangle
Let AOB be , then:
so perimeter of rhombus will be r 2  
equal to the circumference of = – r2 sin × cos AB 3 3
360 2 2 sin  = =
circle. OB 6
i.e. 4 × side of rhombus = 440 1 2    
= r   2  sin cos 
 Side of rhombus = 110 cm 2  180 2 2 3
sin = = sin 60°
114. (b) ATQ, 1    2
= r2    2sin cos 
Perimeter of semicircular park 2  2 2 = 60°
= 360m 118. (b) Similarly, AOE = 60°
r + 2r = 360 BOE = 60° + 60° = 120°
r r
22r Area of shaded region = Area of
 + 2r = 360 r r sector OBEO – Area of OBE
7
 22r + 14r = 360 × 7  1
 36r = 360 × 7 r = 70m r r =r2 – × BE × OA
360 2
r r
1 Side of Square
1
Area of semicircular park = r² = 4 3 – 2 – 6 3 × 3
2 2
Let the radius of each coin be 'r'
1 22 then side of square will be '2r'
= × × 70 × 70 = 7700 m2 =12 – 9 3
2 7 Now,Uncovered area of square
115. (b) We have, number of = Area of square = 3(4  3 3) sq units
revolutions of wheel = 5000 120. (a) Radius of each circle= 2cm
Covered distance = 11 km = 11000m  1 
– 4    Area of one coin  The triangle ABC is an equilateral
Perimeter of wheel = 2r   4  triangle with side equal to twice
(2r) × N = D  42 = (2r)2 – r2 the radius of the circle.
2r × 5000 = 11000 Side of ABC = 2 × 2 = 4cm
22r 2
22  42 = 4r – 2
2× × r × 5000 = 11000 7 3
7 Area of ABC = × (side)2
4
11000  7
r  6r 2
2  22  5000  42 = 7 × 7 = r2 3
7
7 7   × 4 × 4 = 4 3 cm2
r= m    100 cm 4
20  20   r = 7 cm.
 Radius of each coin = 7cm. Now, The triangle ABC cuts three
 r = 35 cm sectors, one from each circle with
116. (d) Let 'r' be the radius of the 119. (b)
angle 60°.
circle and 'a' be the side of the
 Area of sector with angle 
square B 33 A E
 Area of three sectors
ATQ,  3
6 units

Perimeter of circle = Perimeter of 6

 60 
square O =3×   × × (2)2 =2 cm2
 360 
r 4 2 D
 2r = 4a    ....(i) C 63 units Area of shaded region
a 2 
Now, Ratio of the area of circle =Area of ABC - Area of three sectors
In the given figure, let O be the
r² centre of the circle and OA be the = (4 3  2) cm2
and area of square = perpendicular dropped on BE.
a² Alternate Method:-
.....(ii) BE
Now, BA = = 3 3 units Area of shaded region
From eq. (i) and (ii) we get, 2
2
BC a2   42  
r²  2 r² 4 OA = = 3 units =  3 –  =  3 – 
  

 2 4 2 4  2
a² a² 
Ratio of area of a circle to that In OAB, by pythagoras theorem,
 
of a square = 4 :  (OB)2 = (OA)2 + (AB)2 = 4  3 –  = (4 3  2) cm2
2
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs
167
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
121. (b) For next 2 question: 126. (b) Statement I:

6
270°
P Q R S O O
9 30°
r 90° r
ATQ, A 7cm B
PS = 2 × 9 = 18 cm. A l B
  
PS Length of arc = 2r  
 PQ = QR = RS = = 6 cm Let AB be the chord of length l 360 
3 which makes an angle 90° at the
1  30  42
centre of the circle and let r be the  7 = 2r   r = cm
Area of semi-circle = × 360  
2 radius of the circle
(radius)2 Now, in OAB, by pyhagoras  We get the value of r, we can
Let area of shaded region be A1, theorem, also get the area of the circle C
& that of unshaded region be A2.  (l )² = (r)² + (r)² by statement I alone.
1 1  l² = 2r² Statement II:
 A1 = × × (9)2 - × × (6)2
2 2 l
r=
 45 2
= (92 – 62) = O
2 2 124. (a) Perimeter of a sector
1 1    90°
Now, A2 = × × (9)2 + × × (6)2 =   2r   2r
2 2 360  A 10cm B
 117    
= (92 + 62) =  16.4 =   2 5.2 + (2 × 5.2)  In OAB,
2 2 360 
45 OA = OB = r (Radius of circle)
 
A1  16.4 = (2 × 5.2)  1 OAB = OBA = 45°
Required ratio = A = 2  360 
2 117 (AB)² = (OA)² + (OB)²
16.4  6 
2  –1   
10.4 360 10.4 360 (10)² = r² + r²
45  100 = 2r²
= = 5 : 13 Area of the sector = r²
117 360
122. (d) Radius of circle = 30 feet r= 50  5 2cm
 6
Central angle of sector of circle = r² × = 5.2 × 5.2 ×  We get the value of r, we can
360 10.4
= 20° = 5.2 × 3 = 15.6 cm² also get the area of the circle C
125. (b) Given, 3 time the area of the by statement 2 alone.
 Area of circle = r2 = (30)2 major segment is 4 times the area
= 900 square feet of the minor segment. So, the question can be answered
3 by either statement alone.
  Minor segment = major
Area of sector = r2 × 4 Hence option (b) is correct.
360
segment .....(i) 127. (b)
20 4
=900 ×  Major segment = minor
360 3 r
R
= 50 square feet. segment .....(ii)
Statement I: Area of the minor
 Area of new region = Area of segment is 66 square cm.
circle – Area of sector
4
= (900 – 50) square feet  Area of major segment × 66
3
= 850 square feet = 88 square cm. Let, radius of largest circle = R
123. (d) To achieve maximum area, we  Area of circle = Area of minor and radius of 3 identical circles be r.
segment + Area of major segment
will draw circles as follows:  66 + 88 = 154 square cm.  2  3 2
2
154  7 R 


 3 
2 r² = 154 cm²  r² =
22
 r² = 7 × 7  2 
4
r=7  R    1

 3 
4 So, Statement (I) can alone
2 Smaller circle radius
answer the question.
Statement II: Area of the major 2 3 
 
From figure, radius of three segment is 88 square cm.  R  r  3  1
 
circles are 4 cm, 2 cm and 2 cm  It is same as statement (I)
and  So the question can be answered   2   2 
  1
 r
  1

Total required area by either statement alone.  3   3 
= 16 + 8 = 24cm²  Hence, Option (b) is correct. r = 1 cm

168 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
128. (d) Perimeter of shaded region 131. (c) In O1PO2
1 3
O1P = 4 – r = 4 – 1 = 3 = 12 3 + 9 – 2[2× ×3×3×
 AD   AB   BD  2 2
    PO2 = 5 – r = 5 – 1 = 4
 2   2   2  120
O1O2P is a right angled 
= [6 + 2 + 4] = 12 + × 9]
p 4 360
129. (a) Given, AD = 12cm. Consider, tan   = 1.33
b 3 9 3 
= 12 3 + 9 – 2   3
and 1 < 1.33 < 1.732  2 
 tan45° < 1.33 < tan60°
B C  45° <  < 60° = 12 3 + 9 – 9 3 – 6
A D
132. (d) D C = 3 3 + 3 = 3( 3 + )
135. (d) B
(180°–)
O1 Area
12 7
 AB  = 4cm. o
3  C A
U
and BD = 8cm. o2
Area of shaded region = Ar. of A
semicircle (AD) – Ar. semicircle P S B
D
AB – Ar. semicircle BD. Area of shaded region = Ar. of Area of shaded region = Area of
trapezium O1PSO2 – (Ar. of sector semicircle ABD – Area of ABD +
 16
 [6² – 2² – 4²]  = 8 O1PU + Ar. sector UO2S) Ar. of small circle
2 2
Area of non shaded region 1   16   1  (180 –) R² 1 R²
   5  4 –   
2 2   360 360 = – × (2R) × R +
 AD  16 16 2 2 4
  –  36 –
 2  2 2
= 28  16 180  
 10 –   – 3
 360 360 360 = R² – R²
8 2 4
Required ratio    15 
28 7  10 –   3   3 22 
130. (a) Given, AB = 9cm.  360 2 = R²   – 1 = 49   – 1
4  4 7 
BC = 8cm.   240 – – 12
9  10 –    19 133
 24 2 24 = 49 × = = 66.5 cm²
8 14 2
D C 133. (b) A
136. (a) Area of non-shaded region =
Area of circle ABCD – Area of
60°
4 22
O1 shaded region = × 7 × 7 – 66.5
8 7
4 O
4–r  = 154 – 66.5 = 87.5
r 66.5 19
P o2 r Required ratio = =
A 87.5 25
5–r r B B D C 137. (d)
In O1PO2 Given, ABC is an equilateral  Q3 Q2
O1 Area of circle = 9
r² = 9 Q1
Q4
r = 3 unit
4–r 4+r Q5
Now, OD = radius of circle = 3 units
O2 AD = 2 × 3 = 6 cm = height of
P 5–r Given, Q1 : Q2 : Q3 : Q4 : Q5 = 2 :
By pythagorus theorem, 3 3:7:5:1
triangle = × side of triangle
(4 + r)² = (4 – r)² + (5 – r)² 2
i.e., Q1 = 2k°, Q2 = 3k°, Q3 = 7k°,
 4 × 4 × r = 25 + r² – 10r 3
6= × AB AB = 4 3 unit Q4 = 5k°, Q5 = 1k°
 r² – 26r + 25 = 0 2
 r = 25 (not possible) or 1 We know, Q1 +Q2 +Q3 +Q4 +Q5
134. (b) A
Sum of area of both circles = 360°
= (R)² + r²  (2 + 3 + 7 + 5 + 1)k = 360°
= 16 + 1 = 17 square unit 3
Alternate Method:- 120°
360
120° k = = 20°
In O1PO2 18
O1 3 120° O 3 Smallest angle = 20°
P Q
Largest angle = 7 × 20° = 140°
4–r 4+r B C 20
Now, P = × r²
Ar. of shaded region = Ar. of ABC 360
P O2 + Ar. of circle – 2 × non shaded area 160 22
5–r P + Q =  ×7×7
r = 1 (by triplet of 3, 4, 5) 3 360 7
Sum of area of both circles a² + 9 – 2[2 × Ar.AOP + Ar.
4 28  22 616
= r² + R² =  × (1)² + (4)² = 17 sector QOP] =  Square cm.
9 9
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS
Selection fnyk,axs
169
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
138. (b) Sector:- 142. (d) In given figure, length and On putting values we get only
breadth of rectangle are 8cm and option 'b' satisfy the conditions.
1 6 cm respectively.
P= × 2r + 2r Option b:- 10cm, 6cm
18 Diameter of circle = Diagonal of
 (10)2 +(6)2 =100 + 36 = 136 and
1 22  rectangle = (8)2  (6)2 10 – 6 – 4
P =  2  7 + (2 × 7)
18 7 
= 64  36 = 100 = 10cm  Option 'b' is correct.
22 148 10 145. (b) Important points to remember:-
P = + 14 =  Radius of circle = = 5 cm
9 9 2 (i) Area of square drawn inside a
 9P = 148 cm. Now, Area of shaded region circle of radius 'r' is 2r2.
(ii) Area of square drawn inside a
139. (a) Area of circle = r² = 100 = Area of circle – Area of rectangle
=r2 – (l × b) 4 2
140. (d) In OHR, semi-circle of radius 'r' is r.
22 5
= × 5 × 5 –(8 × 6) (iii)Area of square drawn inside a
OH = HR = r = OI 7
(OR)² = (OH)² + (HR)² 550 550  336 214 r2
= – 48 = = quadrant of radius 'r' is .
7 7 7 2
OR = r²  r² =30.5 cm2 (approx) Now,
143. (d) The distance between A and C Area of square inscribed in a semi-circle of radius 'r'
OR = 2r = OI + IR
is 28 units. Area of square inscribed in a circle of radius 'r'

 2r = r + IR Area of semi-circle 4 2 1 2
= r × =
 5 2r 2 5
IR = r ( 2 – 1) = × (diameter)2
8  Required ratio = 2 : 5.
Let, the side of smaller square be  Area of semi-circle with

'a', then IR = 2a (diagonal of  146. (d) Central angle = 150° and

diameter AC = × 28 × 28 radius of sector of circle 20 cm.
smaller square) 8
= 98 sq units   
r( 2 – 1) So, length of arc = 2r  
 =a  360 
2 28
 AF = FC = 2 = 14 units
Area of smaller square = a² 150 50
= 2 × × 20 × = cm
2
 Area of two semi-circles with 360 3
r( 2 – 1)
   Let the radius of circle formed by
= diameter AF and FC = 2 × × 14
( 2)² 8 bending the wire be 'R'
× 14 =49sq.units Now, Circumference of the circle
2
10( 2 – 1) = length of arc
=   ( r = 10 cm)  Total area of three semi-circles
2 50 25
22  2R = R=
100(2  1 – 2 2) =98+ 49 = 147 =147 × 3 3
7
=
2  The radius of the circle will be
= 462 sq. units
Note:- It can be done with the 25
= 50(3 – 2 2 ) cm². cm which is not given in the
help of unit digit. 3
141. (b) In rectangle ABQP, option.
144. (b)
AB = 2r = 2(10) = 20 cm So, Option (d) is correct.
R
AP = r = 10 cm r   
147. (b) Area of sector = (r2)  
Area of shaded region O  360 
O'
Area of rectangle ABQP – Area of semicircle (AGB)   

2 25.6 =  × 4 × 4 ×  
 360 
–Area of rectangle CDEP Let the radii of two circles be R
& r cm 360  25.6 576
(10)²  =  =
(20  10) – 44 
2  Sum of their areas =136cm²
= – (2 × 4)
2 R2 + r2 = 136  180° = 
200 – 50  (R2 + r2) =136 
= –8  576° = × 576 = 3.2
2  R2 + r2 = 136 180
= 100 – 25 – 8 Now, We can solve it with the
help of options by just putting the 3.2
= (92 – 25) square cm  = = 3.2 radian
values of R & r. 

170 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
148. (b) 150. (c) N 108 36
r = = cm = 18 cm
2 3 2
O Now, area of shaded region = area
X Y of bigger semicircle – area of 2
smaller semicircles – area of
P M Q circle
Let 'r' be the radius of the small As calculated above:-
circle and MN be the tangent to Required area
the two equal semi-circles as
shown in the figure,  729 
= 1458– 2 ×   – 324
 OMP = OMQ = 90°  2 
 MN = Radius of bigger semi- = (1458 – 1054) = 405 cm2
Let's take, 151. (b) Diameter of biggest circle
108
C = Circumference of a circle circle = = 54 cm = AD = 2(9) = 18 cm
R = Radius of circle 2
ATQ,
P = Perimeter of square  Radius of two equal semi-
18
L = Length of side of square circles AB = BC = CD = = 6cm
3
ATQ, 54
= PX = PM = QM = QY = = 27 cm  BD = BC + CD = 6 + 6 = 12cm
12m long wire is converted into 2
 Area of semi-circle
circle & square.  Radius of small circle
Then, C + P = 12 .... (i) 
= OX = OY = ON = r = × (diameter)2
and C = 2R ..... (ii) 8
Considering OMP  Area of semi-circle with
From figure,
 OP = OX + PX = (27 + r) cm 
L = 2R ...... (iii) diameter AD = × (18)2
 OM = MN – ON = (54 – r) cm 8
P = 4 × 2R = 8R ...... (iv)
By Pythagoras theorem, 81
We have 4 equations & 4 = cm2
variables from equation (i) (ii) & 2
 (OP)2 = (OM)2 + (PM)2  Area of semi-circle with
(iii) we get,  2R + 8R = 12 (27 + r)2 = (54 – r)2 + (27)2  9
 R + 4R = 6 diameter AB = × (6)2 = cm2
(27)2 + r2 + 54r 8 2
 R( + 4) = 6  Area of semi-circle with
= (54)2 + r2 – 108r + (27)2
6 
 R = 162r = (54)2 diameter BD = × (12)2 = 18cm2
4 8
54
6 r = = 18 cm  Area of shaded region
 The radius of the circle is . 3
4 81 9
149. (c)  =  – 18
 Area of semi-circle = 2 (radius)2 2 2
r2 81  9  36
 Area of bigger semi-circle
= = 27cm2
O 2
r1 
= × (54)2 = 1458cm2 152. (d) C
2
 Area of smaller semi-circle
q p2  q 2
Circumference of smaller circle  729
= 44 cm = × (27)2 = cm²
2 2
22  Area of smaller circle
2r1 = 44 r1 = A p B
 = × (18)² = 324 cm² Given, AB = p cm and AC = q cm
Circumference of bigger circle
Hence, Area of shaded region  Area of right-angled triangle
= 2(44) = 88cm.
 729  1
44 = 1458– 2   – 324 = × Base × Height
2r2 = 88 r2 =  2  2

pq
Now, Area between two circles is, = 1458– 1053 = 405cm² Area of ABC =
2
difference in the area of the larger Alternate Method:- By Pythagoras theorem,
circle to the area of the smaller circle.
2 2
 (BC)2 = (AB)2 + (AC)2
2 2  44   22   (BC)2 = (p2 + q2)
 r2  r1        
       Area of semi-circle
1936 484 
=  = × (diameter)2
  8
1452 7 We know,  Area of semi-circle with
= = 1452 × =66 × 7  p 2
 22 a
r= diameter AB = × p2 = cm2
=462 sq. cm. 3 8 8

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
171
 Mensuration-2D (f}foeh; {ks=kfefr
)
 Area of semi-circle with Given, side of square = 2a cm 155. (b) Diameter of required disk
 q 2
diameter AC = × q2 = cm2  Area of square = (side) 2
2
8 8 = side of square =
 Area of semi-circle with 2
= 4a cm 2 
diameter BC
 The circle touches the four  2 1
2
2 2
 ( p  q ) sides of the square, So, area =     
= × (p2 +q2) = cm2   2
8 8
Hence, Area of shaded region
 Diameter of circle = 2a cm
1
2 2 2 2  Radius of circle = a cm =  = 1 square units
 pq   p   q  ( p  q ) 
=  + 8  + 8  –  8

 2        Area of circle = r2 = a2 cm2 156. (c) Circumference of circle
 pq  Hence, Area of shaded region = perimeter of square
=   cm2
 2  2  r = 4s
= Area of square – Area of circle
Alternate method:-
r 22 98
We know, = 4a2 – a2 =(4 – )a2 s = = × = 154 cm
Area of shaded part = Area ABC 2 7 2
154. (b) Given, area of circular plot
1 pq 157. (b) Area of (m + 1)th region
= × p × q = cm2 = 144  m²
2 2 2 2
=  rm 1  rm 
153. (a) In the figure, the shaded   r² = 144 
region is the region bounded 2
externally by the square and  r = 12 m  
2  rm 1 
internally by the circle. = m  r   1
r 
Now,  m  
2a

Width of path = 5 m = rm2 × [pm2 – 1]

 Radius of circular plot Since, area of all the region is
2a including the path surrounding it
2a
2a 1
constant pm2 – 1 
= 12 + 5 =17 m rm2
Hence, required area So, as m increase rm increase.
2a =  ×17 × 17 =289  m² pm decreases with m increases.



172 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)

PERCENTAGE
Chapter

12 izfr'krrk
1. A question is given followed by 2. If the annual income of X is 20%
two statements I and II. Consider more than that of Y, then the ;fn ,d vk;r dh yEckbZ 66 2 % c<+kbZ
the Question and the Statements 3
income of Y is less than that of
and mark the correct option. X by p%. what is the vlaue of p? tkrh gS] rks mldh pkSM+kbZ fdrus izfr'k
,d ç'u vkSj mlds ckn nks dFkuI vkSj ;fn X dh okf"kZd vk;Y dh rqyuk esa de dh tk, rkfd mldk {ks=kiQy ogh jgs\
II fn, x, gSaA ç'u vkSj dFkuksa ij fopkj 20» vf/d gS] rksY dh vk; X dh UPSC CDS-I 2023
(a) 50% (b) 45%
dhft, vkSj lgh fodYi dks fpfÉr dhft,A rqyuk esa
p% de gSAp dk eku D;k gS\ (c) 40% (d) 35%
Question : If the price of petrol goes UPSC CDS-I 2020
up by 20%, by what percentage 7. In a hostel the rent per room is
2 increased by 20%. If number of
should the consumption be (a) 10 (b) 16
3 rooms in the hostel is also
reduced so that the expenditure
1 increased by 20% and the hostel
remains the same?
(c) 17 (d) 20 is always full, then what is the
ç'u % ;fn isVªksy dh dherksa esa 20» rd 3 percentage change in the total
dh o`f¼ gksrh gS] rks •ir esa fdrus çfr'kr
3. The length and breadth of a collection at the cash counter?
rectangle are increased by 20%
dh dVkSrh dh tkuh pkfg, rkfd O;; oSlk ,d Nk=kkokl esa izfr dejk fdjk;s esa 20»
and 10% respectively. What is the
gh cuk jgs \ percentage increase in the area of
dh o`f¼ dh xbZ gSA ;fn Nk=kkokl esa dejk
Statement/dFku -I : Price of petrol the rectangle? 7 dh la[;k esa Hkh 20» dh o`f¼ dh tkrh
per litre was Rs. 90
,d vk;r dh yEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ Øe'k% gS vkSj Nk=kkokl lnSo Hkjk jgrk gS] rc
isVªksy dh dher 90 #i, çfr yhVj Fkh dS'k dkmaVj esa dqy lap;u esa fdrus izfr'kr
20» vkSj 10» c<+k nh tkrh gSA vk;r ds cnyko gqvk\
Statement/dFku-II: Consumption
was 24 litre before price hike {ks=kiQy esa fdrus izfr'kr o`f¼ gksrh gSA UPSC CDS-I 2019

dher esa o`f¼ ls igys •ir 24 yhVj Fkh (a) 32% UPSC CDS-II 2019
(b) 30%
(a) 30% (b) 40%
Which one of the following is (c) 44% (d) 48%
correct in respect of the above (c) 25% (d) 15% 8. The surface area of a cube is
Question and the Statements? 4. The length of a rectangle is increased by 25%. If p is the
mi;ZqDr ç'u vkSj dFkuksa ds laca/ esa
increased by 10% and breadth is percentage increase in its length,
decreased by 10%. Then the area then which one of the following is
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS \ of the new rectangle is. correct?
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
(a) The Question can be answered ,d vk;r dh yEckbZ esa 10» dh o`f¼ ,d ?ku ds i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy dks 25» c<+k
by using one of the Statements
alone, but cannot be answered
vkSj pkSM+kbZ esa 10» dh deh dh tkrhfn;k gSAtkrk gSA ;fn
p bldh yEckbZ esa izfr'kr

using the other Statement rks u, vk;r ds {ks=kiQy esa D;k gksxk\ c<+ksrjh gS] rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&
alone/ç'u dk mÙkj dsoy ,d dFku UPSC CDS-II 2020 lgh gS\
UPSC CDS-I 2023
dk mi;ksx djds fn;k tk ldrk gS] fdarq (a) Neither increased nor decreased (a) 16 < p < 18 (b) 14 < p < 16
dsoy nwljs dFku dk mi;ksx djds ugha (b) Increased by 1% (c) 12 < p < 14 (d) 10 < p < 12
fn;k tk ldrk gS (c) Decreased by 1%
9. The number of items in a booklet
(b) The Question can be answered (d) Decreased by 10% is N. In the first year, there is an
by using either Statement 5. x, y and z are three numbers such increase of x% in this number and
alone/ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa esa ls dsoy
that x is 30% of z and y is 40% of in the subsequent year there is
fdlh ,d dFku dk mi;ksx djds fn;k z. If x is p% of y, then what is the a decrease of x%. At the end of
tk ldrk gS value of p? the two years, what will be the
(c) The Question can be answered rhu la[;k,¡x, y vkSjz bl izdkj gSa fd number of items in the booklet?
by using both the Statements x, z dk 30» gS vkSj
y, z dk 40» gSA ;fn
,d iqfLrdk esa oLrqvksa dh Nla[;k gSA
together, but cannot be igys o"kZ esa bl la[;kx% esadh o`f¼
x, y dk p% gS] rks
p dk eku D;k gS\
answered using either gksrh gS vkSj vxys o"kZ x% dhesadeh
Statement alone/ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa UPSC CDS-I 2019
gksrh gSA nks o"kks± ds var esa] iqfLrd
(a) 45 (b) 55
dFkuksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx djds fn;k oLrqvksa dh la[;k D;k gksxh\
(c) 65 (d) 75
tk ldrk gS] fdarq dsoy fdlh ,d dFku UPSC CDS-II 2020
6. If the length of a rectangle is
dk mi;ksx djds ugha fn;k tk ldrk gS (a) Less than N/ls de
2
(d) The question can be answered increased by 66 % , then by (b) Equal to N/ds cjkcj
without using any the 3
statements/ç'u dk mÙkj nksuksa what percent should the width of (c) More than N/ls vf/d
dFkuksa ds mi;ksx fd, fcuk fn;k tk the rectangle be decreased in (d) It depends on the value of N
ldrk gSA order to maintain the same area? ;g N ds eku ij fuHkZj djrk gSA

192 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
10. The length, breadth and height of (a) 15% (b) 20% fdlh {ks=k dh dqy tula[;k 10]000 gS ftlesa
a cuboid are increased by 10%, (c) 25% (d) 30% iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa dh la[;k cjkcj g
20% and 50% respectively. What 16. The annual income of a person dqy tula[;k esa ls 30» lekpkj i=k i<+us
is the percentage increase in the decreases by Rs. 64 if the annual okys gSaA dqy lekpkj i=k i<+us okyksa e
volume of the cuboid? rate of interest decreases from ,d frgkbZ vaxzsth lekpkj i=k i<+rs gSaA d
,d ?kukHk dh yEckbZ] pkSM+kbZ vkSj
4%mQ¡pkbZ
to 3.75%. What is his original
vaxzsth lekpkj i=k i<+us okyksa esa ls 2
annual income?
esa Øe'k% 10» 20» vkSj 50» dh o`f¼ efgyk,a gSaA mu iq#"kksa dh la[;k fdruh
;fn okf"kZd C;kt nj 4» ls ?kVdj 3- tks vaxzsth lekpkj i=k ugha i<+rs gSa\
dh tkrh gSA ?kukHk ds vk;ru esa izfr'kr
o`f¼ D;k gS\ 75» gks tkrh gS] rks ,d O;fDr dh okf"kZd UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024

UPSC CDS-I 2024 vk; 64 #i;s ?kV tkrh gSA mldh ewy (a) 800 (b) 2100
(a) 100% (b) 99% okf"kZd vk; D;k gS\ (c) 4200
(c) 98% (d) 50% (d) Cannot be determined due to
insufficient data/vi;kZIr vkadM+ksa ds
UPSC CDS-I 2018
11. What is the square root of 64% ? (a) Rs. 24,000 (b) Rs. 25,000
dkj.k fu/kZfjr ugha fd;k tk ldrk
64» dk oxZewy D;k gS\ (c) Rs. 25,600 (d) Rs. 24,600
UPSC CDS-II 01/09/2024
20. The price of an article X increases
(a) 0.08% (b) 0.8% 17. A person bought two articles X by 20% every year and price of
(c) 8% (d) 80% and Y from a departmental store. article Y increases by 10% every
The sum of prices before sales year. In the year 2010, the price
12. In a rectangle, length is three
tax was Rs. 130. There was no of article X was Rs. 5000 and
times its breadth. If the length
sales tax on the article X and 9% price of article Y was Rs. 2000. In
and the breadth of the rectangle
sales tax on the article Y. The which year the difference in their
are increased by 30% and 10%
prices exceeded Rs. 5000 for the
respectively, then its perimeter total amount the person paid,
first time?
increases by. including the sales tax was Rs.
,d vk;r esa] yEckbZ bldh pkSM+kbZ dh 136.75.
rhu What was the price of the ,d oLrq X dh dher gj lky 20» c<+
xquk gSA ;fn vk;r dh yEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ before sales tax?
article Y tkrh gS vkSj oLrq Y dh dher gj lky
Øe'k% 30» vkSj 10» c<+k nh tk,] rks ,d O;fDr us fdlh nqdku ls nks oLrq,¡
X
10» c<+ tkrh gSA o"kZ 2010 esa]
X oLrq
bldk ifjeki fdruk c<+ tk,xk\ dh dher 5000 #i;s vkSj oLrq Y dh
vkSjY [kjhnhaA fcØh dj ls igys ewY;ksa
dher 2000 #i;s FkhA fdl o"kZ budh
dk ;ksxiQy 130 #i;s FkkAXoLrq ij dksbZ
UPSC CDS-I 2019

40 dherksa esa varj igyh ckj 5000 #i;s ls

(a) % (b) 20% fcØh dj ugha Fkk vkSjYoLrq
ij 9» fcØh vf/d gqvk\
3
(c) 25% (d) 27% dj FkkA fcØh dj dks 'kkfey djds ml UPSC CDS-I 2020

13. What is the percentage decrease O;fDr us 136-75 #i;s dh dqy jde dk (a) 2012 (b) 2013
in the area of a triangle if its each Hkqxrku fd;kA fcØh dj tksM+us ls igys (c) 2014 (d) 2015
21. Out. of 85 children playing
side is half ? oLrqY dk ewY; D;k Fkk\ badminton or table tennis or both,
izR;sd Hkqtk dks vk/k dj fn;k tk,] rks UPSC CDS-II 2018 the total number of girls in the
mlds {ks=kiQy esa fdrus izfr'kr deh gks (a) Rs. 75 (b) Rs. 85 group is 70% of the total number
of boys in the group. The number
tk,xh\ (c) Rs. 122 (d) Rs. 125
of boys playing only badminton is
UPSC CDS-I 2019 18. X sells his goods 25% cheaper 50% of the number of boys and
(a) 75% (b) 50% than Y and 25% dearer than Z. the total number of boys playing
(c) 25% How much percentage is Z's goods badminton is 60% of the total
(d) dksbZ ifjorZu ugha cheaper than Y? number of boys. The number of
children playing only table tennis
14. The volume of a spherical balloon X viuk lkeku Y dh rqyuk esa 25» lLrk is 40% of the total number of
is increased by 700%. What is the csprk gS vkSj
Z dh rqyuk esa 25» egaxkA children and a total of 12 children
percentage increase in its surface
Z dk lkeku]Y dh rqyuk esa fdrus izfr'kr play badminton and table tennis
area? both. The number of girls playing
,d xksykdkj xqCckjs dk vk;ru 700» c<+klLrk gS\ only badminton is.
fn;k tkrk gSA blds i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy esa
UPSC CDS-I 2021
csMfeaVu ;k Vscy Vsful ;k nksuksa [ksy [
izfr'krrk o`f¼ fdruh gS\ (a)
100
% (b) 40% okys 85 cPpksa esa ls] lewg esa yM+fd;ks
UPSC CDS-I 2019
3 dqy la[;k] lewg esa yM+dksa dh dqy la[;k
(a) 300% (b) 400%
(c) 50% (d)
200
% dk 70» gSA dsoy csMfeaVu [ksyus oky
(c) 450% (d) 500% 3 yM+dksa dh la[;k] yM+dksa dh la[;k d
15. If the price of wheat rises by 19. The total population of an area is 50» gS vkSj csMfeaVu [ksyus okys yM
25%, then by how much percent 10,000 out of which males and dh dqy la[;k] yM+dksa dh dqy la[;k dk
females are equal in number. Out
must a man reduce his
of the total population 30% are
60» gSA dsoy Vscy Vsful [ksyus okys cPp
consumption in order to keep his
Newspaper readers. Out of the dh la[;k] cPpksa dh dqy la[;k dk 40»
budget the same as before?
total newspaper readers, one- gS vkSj dqy 12 cPps ,sls gSa] tks csMfea
;fn xsgw¡ dk ewY; (nke) 25» c<+rk gS] vkSj Vscy Vsful nksuksa [ksyrs gSaA dsoy c
third read English News- paper.
rks ,d O;fDr dks vius miHkksx esa fdrusOut of the total English News- [ksyus okyh yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k fdruh gS\
izfr'kr dh deh djuh pkfg,] rkfd mldk paper readers, 20% are females. UPSC CDS-II 2018

ctV igys tSlk gh cuk jgs\ What is the number of males who (a) 14 (b) 16
UPSC CDS-I 2018 do not read English Newspaper? (c) 17 (d) 35

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
193
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
22. When adding 18 to a number, the 26. The value of a machine, purchased
30. When the price of an article is
3 years ago, depreciates at the increased by 20%, the Gupta
1
result becomes 122 % of the annual rate of 15%. If its present family rearranges its monthly
2 value is `51,20,000, find its value budget in such a way that only 8%
original number. Find the original after 4 years. additional money is spent on the
number? 3 o"kZ igys •jhnh xbZ ,d e'khu dk said item. By what percent should
fdlh la[;k esa 18 tksM+us ij ifj.kke ewY; 15» dh okf"kZd nj ls ?kVrk gSA they reduce the consumption of
that article to manage the
1 ;fn bldk orZeku ewY; 51]20]000 #i;s increased amount?
ewy la[;k dk122 2 % gks tkrk gS gS] rks 4 o"kZ ckn bldk ewY; Kkr dhft;sA
,d oLrq ds ewY; esa 20» dh o`f¼ gksus ij
(a) `26,72,672 (b) `26,67,722 xqIrk ifjokj vius ekfld ctV dks bl çdkj
okLrfod la[;k D;k gSA
(c) `27,76,622 (d) `27,62,267 iquO;ZofLFkr djrk gS fd mÙkQ oLrq ij 8»
(a) 80 (b) 98
(c) 82 (d) 100
27. The population of a city in 2014 vfrfjÙkQ èku gh O;; gksA c<+h gqbZ jkf'k
was 8000000. If in 2015, there is çca/u ds fy, mUgsa ml oLrq ds miHkksx es
23. If the price of a product is an increment of 8%, in 2016, there
decreased by 50%, then increased is a decrement of 35% and in 2017, fdrus çfr'kr dh deh djuh pkfg,\
by 50% and then again increased there is an increment of 65%, then (a) 14 (b) 8
by 50%, what is the net increase what is the population of the city (c) 10 (d) 12
percentage in the price? at the end of the year 2017? 31. The income of a person is `95,000
;fn fdlh mRikn ds ewY; 50% esa dh o"kZ 2014 esa ,d 'kgj dh tula[;k and his expenditure is `75,000. If
deh dh tkrh gS] fiQj mlds ewY; esa
50% his income is increased by 18%
8000000 FkhA ;fn 2015 esa 8» dh o`f¼and the expenditure by 12%,
dh o`f¼ dh tkrh gS vkSj fiQj nksckjk
50% gksrh gS] 2016 esa 35» dh deh gksrh gS
then what will be the percentage
dh o`f¼ dh tkrh gS] rks mRikn ds ewY;
vkSj 2017 esa 65» dh o`f¼ gksrh gS] rks
increase in his saving?
esa fuoy o`f¼ izfr'kr D;k gS\ o"kZ 2017 ds var esa 'kgj dh tula[;k ,d O;fÙkQ dh vk; 95]000 #i;s gS vkSj
(a) 13.5% (b) 9.5% fdruh gksxh\ mldk O;; 75]000 #i;s gSA ;fn mldh
(c) 12.5% (d) 11.5% (a) 9266400 (b) 7000000 vk; 18» vkSj O;; 12» c<+ tk, rks
24. P invested a certain amount in (c) 9635535 (d) 8400278 mldh cpr esa fdrus çfr'kr dh o`f¼
shares. The shares rose
successively by 20% and 30% on 5 gksxh\
28. Rama spent of her weekly (a) 40.6% (b) 40.8%
two consecutive days and fell by 8
25% and 11% in the next two (c) 40.4% (d) 40.5%
days. What is the percentage 1
salary on rent and of the 32. The expenditure of a man is 70%
increase or decrease in the value 3 of his income. If his income will
of the shares in four days? remaining on food, leaving ` 40/- successively increase by 20% and
P us 'ks;jksa esa ,d fuf'pr jkf'k dk fuos'k available for other expeses. 50%, then his new expenditures
fd;kA yxkrkj nks fnuksa esa 'ks;jksa esaRama'sØe'k%weekly salary (in `) is: is how much percentage more/
20» vkSj 30» dh o`f¼ gqbZ vkSj vxys less than his previous
5
nks fnuksa esa 25» vkSj 11» dh fxjkoV jek us vius lkIrkfgd osru dk
8
Hkkx expenditure, so that his new
savings become 2.5 times of the
vkbZA pkj fnuksa esa 'ks;jksa ds ewY; esa fdrus 1 previous savings?
çfr'kr o`f¼ ;k deh gqbZ\ fdjk, ij vkSj 'ks"k dk3 Hkkx Hkkstu ,d vkneh dk •pZ mldh vk; dk 70»
(a) 4.13% increase
ij [kpZ fd;k] tcfd 40 :i;s vU; [kpksZa gSA ;fn mldh vk; esa Øfed :i ls 20»
(b) 4.13% decrease
ds fy, miyC/ Fks A jek dk lkIrkfgd vkSj 50» dh o`f¼ gksxh] rks mldk u;k
(c) 3.62% increase
osru (:i;s esa) fdruk gS\ O;; mlds fiNys O;; ls fdruk çfr'kr
(d) 3.62% decrease
vf/d@de gksxk] rkfd mldh ubZ cpr
25. Four years ago, the population of (a) 150 (b) 140
fiNyh cpr dk 2-5 xquk gks tk,\
a city was 10,000. The annual (c) 160 (d) 170
growth rate of the population (a) 50% inc. (b) 50% dec.
1 (c) 54% dec. (d) 54% inc.
during the first two years was 20%. 29. A decrease of 12 % in the price
In the third and fourth years, there 2 33. The monthly income of a person
of wheat enables a person to buy was `15,400 and his monthly
was a decrease in the population
at the rate of 10% and 5%, 1 expenditure was `7,200. His
2 kg more wheat for `280.
respectively. What is the current 2 income increased by 20% and his
population of the city after four Initially, how much wheat (in kg) expenditure increased by 5%. Find
years? could the person buy? the percentage increase in his
pkj o"kZ igys] ,d 'kgj dh tula[;k xsagw ds ewY;
1
12 esa% dh deh gksus ls
savings.
10]000 FkhA igys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku tula[;k 2 ,d O;fÙkQ dh ekfld vk; 15]400
#i;s
dh okf"kZd o`f¼ nj 20» FkhA rhljs vkSj 1 Fkh vkSj mldk ekfld O;; 7]200
#i;s
,d O;fÙkQ 280i;s#esa2 2 fdxzkvf/d
pkSFks o"kZ esa tula[;k esa Øe'k% 10» vkSj FkkAmudh vk; esa 20» dh o`f¼ gqbZ
5» dh nj ls deh vkbZA pkj o"kZ ckn xsagw •jhn ikrk gSA vkjaHk esa O;fÙkQ fdrus
vkSj xsgwa
muds O;; esa 5» dh o`f¼ gqbZA
'kgj dh orZeku tula[;k D;k gS\ (fdxzk esa) •jhn ikrk Fkk\ mldh cpr esa çfr'kr o`f¼ Kkr dhft;sA
(a) 20 (b) 12.5 (a) 60.31% (b) 65.24%
(a) 12312 (b) 10500
(c) 16632 (d) 14288 (c) 15 (d) 17.5 (c) 33.17% (d) 35.12%

194 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
34. In an election between three ,d Nk=k us fdlh ijh{kk esa 65» vad çkIr (a) 5,612 (b) 5,750
candidates A, B and C, 80% of the fd, ijarq ;s vgZrk vadksa ls 20 vad de (c) 12,500 (d) 6,250
registered voters voted and all the
votes were valid. Candidate B got FksA nwljs Nk=k us mlh ijh{kk esa 39.80»Mohan
vad starts a business with a
50% less votes than A, and the çkIr fd, vkSj ;s vad vgZrk vadksa ls 10 capital of `1,70,000. He incurs a
difference between the number of vf/d FksA rks ijh{kk
sdqyd vad D;k gS\ loss of 4% during the first year.
votes secured by B and C was (a) 200 (b) 500 But he makes a profit of 5% during
10000. If B got 10% more votes the second year on his remaining
(c) 400 (d) 300
than C, then the number of voters investment. Finally, he makes a
37. If the numerator of a fraction is
registered on the voting list is: profit of 25% on his new capital
increased by 17% and its
rhu mEehnokjksa
A] B vkSjC ds chp ,d denominator is decreased by 12%,
during the third year. Find his
total profit at the end of three
pquko esa] 80» iathÑr ernkrkvksa us ernku 39 years.
fd;k vkSj lHkh oksV oS/ FksA BmEehnokj the value of the fraction is
44
.
dksA ls 50» de oksV feys] vkSj B eksgu us 1]70]000 #i;s dh iwath ds lkFk
What is the original fraction?
vkSjC }kjk çkIr oksVksa dh la[;k ds chp;fn fdlh fHkUu ds va'k esa 17» dh ,d O;olk; 'kq: fd;kA igys o"kZ ds nkSjku
dk varj 10000 FkkA ;fnB dks C ls mls 4» dh gkfu gksrh gSA ysfdu og vius
o`f¼ dh tkrh gS vkSj mlds gj esa 12»
10» vf/d oksV feys] rks ernku lwph esa dh deh dh tkrh gS] rks fHkUu dk eku 'ks"k fuos'k ij nwljs o"kZ ds nkSjku 5» d
iathÑr ernkrkvksa dh la[;k gS% ykHk dekrk gSA varr%] og rhljs o"kZ d
(a) 175000 (b) 430000
39
gksrk gSA ewy fHkUu D;k gS\ nkSjku viuh ubZ iwath ij 25» dk ykHk
(c) 220000 (d) 537500 44 dekrk gSA rhu o"kks± ds var esa mldk dq
35. In an election, there were two
(a)
2
(b)
3 ykHk Kkr dhft,A
candidates A and B. The total 3 7 (a) `42,200 (b) `5,200
number of voters in the
1 7 (c) `44,200 (d) `43,200
constituency was 90000 and 70% (c) (d)
of the total votes were polled. If 3 8
40. To pass an exam, 50% of the
60% of the polled votes were cast 38.
There are only two hostels in XYZ
marks is required. The exam
in favour of A, how many votes University, Hostel P and Hostel
consists of two papers, a student
were received by B? Q, where in an equal number of
students were living in year secured 40% marks in the first
,d pquko esa] nks mEehnokj
A vkSjB FksA
2021. The total number of paper of 200 marks. What is the
fuokZpu {ks=k esa ernkrkvksa dh dqy la[;k
persons living in both hostels of minimum percentage of marks he
90000 Fkh vkSj dqy erksa dk 70» ernkuXYZ University fell by 33% to must obtain in the second paper
gqvk FkkA ;fn ernku esa ls 60» A ds
oksV 8,375 in 2022 from 2021. How of 150 marks to pass the
many students were living in examination?
i{k esa iM+s]
B dks
rks fdrus oksV çkIr gq,\
(a) 28500 (b) 25200
Hostel P in 2021? fdlh ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gksus ds fy, 5
XYZ fo'ofo|ky; esa dsoy nks Nk=kkokl vad vko';d gSaA ijh{kk esa nks isij gks
(c) 28700 (d) 28600
36. A student secured 65% marks in an gSa] Nk=kkokl
P vkSj Nk=kkoklQ] ftlesa gSa] ,d Nk=k us 200 vadksa ds igys isij e
examination but it was 20 less than o"kZ 2021 esa leku la[;k esa Nk=k jg jgs 40» vad çkIr fd,A ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ djus
the qualifying marks. Another FksAXYZ fo'ofo|ky; ds nksuksa Nk=kkoklksads fy, mls 150 vadksa ds nwljs isij esa
student secured 80% marks in the esa jgus okys O;fÙkQ;ksa dh dqy la[;k 2021
U;wure fdrus çfr'kr vad çkIr djus gksaxs\
same examination and these marks
were 10 more than the qualifying ls 2022 esa 33» fxjdj 8]375 gks xbZA (a) 68% (b) 64%
marks. So what is the total marks 2021 esa Nk=kkokl
P esa fdrus Nk=k jg (c) 65% (d) 60%
of the exam? jgs Fks\

ANSWER KEY
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (d) 30. (c)

31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (b)

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
195
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
SOLUTIONS
1. (d) Given, 7. (c) Given, Rent is increased by Alternate Method:
Old New 1 10  20
20%  I. 10 + 20 + = 32%
Price 5 : 6 5 100
1
Consumption 6 : 5 Number of rooms also 20%  32  50
5 II. 32 + 50 +
1 2 ATQ, 100
 % reduction = × 100 = 16 % = 82 + 16= 98%
6 3 Old New
x
 No statement is required to Rent ® 5 6 11. (d) x% =
answer. 100
Rooms ® 5 6
 Question can be answered even 64 8
without using any of the Collection ® 25 36 64% = 100
=
10
= 80%
statement.  Required% change [As per the official answer key
2. (b) X : Y 36 – 25 answer is (d) 80%]
Income  6 : 5  × 100 = 44% 12. (c) Given,
25
1 Alternate Method: l : b = 300 : 100 = 400
1 2 By successive increase 30% 10%
 P% = × 100% = 16 %
6 3 percentage method:- Increase  90 10 = 100
1 1 % increase in collection Perimeter = 400 : 500 = 4 : 5
3. (a) l = 20% = b = 10% =
5 10 20  20 1
l= 5 : 6 = 20 + 20 + = 44%
100 1
b = 10 : 11 8. (d) Surface area of cube = 6a²  Req. % = × 100% = 25%
4
lb = 25 : 33 ATQ, 13. (a)
8 Old New Original : New
8 S. A  a² 4 5 Side of triangle 2 : 1
 Increase% = × 100% = 32%
25 a 5 Are of triangle  2² : 1² = 4 : 1
4
Alternate Method: –3
We can use method of successive 2 : 5  2.236 3
percent change here. 2.236 – 2  Req. % = × 100% = 75%
P  × 100 = 0.236 × 50 4
% increased in length = 20% 2 14. (a) Volume = 1 : 8
% increased in breadth = 10% = 11.8 Side = 1 : 38 = 1 : 2
3
So, Hence, 10 < P < 12
% increase in Area = 20 + 10 + 9. (a) Let, N =100 Area = 1² : 2² = 1 : 4
3
10  20  x% = 10%
  = 30 + 2 = 32% Now, 3
100   Increase% = × 100% = 300%
+10% –10% 1
4. (c) l = 10 : 11 100 110 99 Alternate Method:
b = 10 : 9
Area = 100 : 99 4
–1 Volume of sphere  r³
–1 3
Let, Original volume = 1000
1 After two yrs. less than N
Decrease% = × 100% = 1% New volume = 8000
100 Alternate Method:
Alternate Method: Old New
It same number is increase and
10 10 same number decrease r³ ® 1000 8000
Decrease% = = 1% r ® 10 : 20
100 Then, always decrease%
5. (d) x = 30% of z, y = 40% of z 1 2
x x x²
x 3 y 4 =– %=– % r² ® 1 : 4
  ,  100 100
z 10 z 10  Surface area  r²
 x : y : z After two yrs. less than N
10. (c) Given, 4 –1
3 : 4 : 10
Length = 10%, Breadth = 20% and  Required%  × 100
1
P Height = 52% = 300%
Then, x  ×y Volume = l × b × h
100
Consider, 1
x 3 15. (b) 25% =
 P = × 100  × 100 = 75% Old New 4
y 4
10%  l 10 11 Old : New
2 2
6. (c) l = 66 %= 20%  b 5 6 Price  4 : 5
3 3
l=3:5 50%  h 2 3 Consumption 5 : 4
b = 5 : 3 (Because area is the same) Volume 50 99 –1
2 % Increase in volume Reduce consumption%
2 99 – 50 1
 Req. % = × 100% = 40%  × 100 = 49 × 2 = 98% = × 100% = 20%
5 50 5

196 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
16. (c) Given, Rate decreased Alternate Method: Alternate Method:
= (4 – 3.75)% = 0.25% Given, Initial price of 'X' Let, Original number = x
ATQ, = Rs. 5000 ATQ,
Initial price of Y = Rs. 2000 245
0.25% ® Rs.64 I yr. difference = 5000 – 2000 x + 18 = x 
64 200
= Rs. 3000
100% ®  100 49
0.25 II yr. successive increase x + 18 = x 
40
= Rs. 25600 20  10
= 20 + 10 + = 32% 40x + 720 = 49x
17. (a) Given, 100
x + y = 130 .....(i)  9x = 720  x = 80
132
 Difference  × 3000 = 3960
y 109 100  Number = 80.
After tax  x + = 136.75
100 ...(ii) –1 1
132 23. (c) –50% = , +50% = ,
–
y 9
= – 6.75
III yr: ×3960  5230 2 2
100
100
 In 2010 + 3y = 2013 difference 1
y = `75 +50% =
is achieved 2
Alternate Method: 21. (a) Let, Cost price = ` 100
9%  136.75 – 130 Boy : Girl : Total  10 : 7 : 17 1 3 3
9%  6.75 ×5 ×5 ×5 Selling price = 100 ×  
2 2 2
100%  75 50 35 85 = ` 112.5
y = `75 50% 40%
12.5
25 34 %Increase = × 100 = 12.5%
S.PX 75 3 (Boy only badminton) (only tennis boy & girls) 100
18. (b) Given, S.P  100  4 Given, total children = 85 Alternate Method:
Y
Boy : Girls  10 : 7 = 17 unit = 85 1
–1
S.PX 125 5 ×5 ×5
= 1 unit = 5 –50% = , +50% = ,
  2 2
S.PZ 100 4 50 35 1
(No. of boys playing 50%
+50% =
 Y : X : Z 2
only badminton) = 25
4 : 3 Original Resultant
Only children playing table tennis
5 : 4 2 : 1
40 2 : 3
20 : 15 : 12 = 85 × = 34
100
2 : 3
20 – 12 Playing both badminton and table
 Required%  × 100 8 9
20 tennis = 12
= 40% Only children playing badminton Diff.= 1
19. (c) Total ® 10,000 = 85 – 34 – 12 = 39 1
 No. of girls playing only %Increase = × 100 = 12.5%
8
badminton
Male Female 24. (a) Let, Amount = `100
= 39 – 25 = 14
5000 5000
Alternate Method: Increase in the price of share in
Total children = 85 the four days
Newspaper Boy : Girl : Total  10 : 7 : 17
120 130 75 89
3000 ×5 ×5 ×5 = 100     = 104.13
100 100 100 100
50 35 85
50% 40% 104.13 – 100
Eng. Other % Increase = × 100
25 34 100
1000 (Boy only badminton) (only tennis boy & girls)

Badminton Tennis = 4.13%

25. (a) Population after 4 years
Male Female
800 200
6 6 9 19
Total Male ® 5000 39 12 34 = 10000 ×    = 12312
5 5 10 20
Eng reading ® 800
 Male who do not read English Alternate Method:
Newspaper = 5000 – 800 = 4200 No. of girls playing only 20%  5 : 6
t t badminton = 39 – 25 = 14 20%  5 : 6
6  11 
20. (b) 5000 ×   – 2000  
 22. (a) Original number = 100 unit 10%  10 : 9
5  10 
(122.5 – 100) unit = 22.5 unit
= 5000 5%  20 : 19
22.5 unit  18 1250 : 1539
Put t = 3 yrs.
The diff. more than 5000 18 ×8 ×8
100 unit  × 100 = 80 10000 12312
Then 2010 + 3y = 2013 22.5

Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs
197
 Percentage (izfr'krrk)
–317 % Increase in saving x
26. (a) 15% = = 37. (a) Let, Fraction = y
2020 1.62
= × 100% = 40.5%
Present cost = 5120000 4 ATQ,
32. (a) ATQ,
 Cost of machine after 4 years 117
Income = Exp. + Saving
17 4 x
= 5120000 × 
100 70 30
 100  39
   88 44
 20  +20% +50% ×2.5
y
= 32 × (17) = 32×83521 = `2672672
4
100
180 180 – 75 75
27. (a) Population of city in the end of 2017 x 39 88 2
= 105
108 65 165 % Increase in Expenditure  y  44  117  3
= 8000000 × × ×
100 100 100 105 – 70 35
=  100% =  100% = 50%
= 9266400 70 70 2
 Original fraction =
28. (c) Let, Rama's weekly income = x 1 1 3
ATQ, 33. (c) 20% = , 5% = –33 67
5 20
38. (c) 33% = =
3 2 Before After 100 100
x ×  = 40 2022
8 3 2021
Income 5 : 6
 x = 160 100 67
Exp. 20 : 21
Alternate Method:
Saving = 15400 – 7200 = 8200
Let, Rama's weekly income = 24x ×125 ×125
New saving
24x 6   21  12500 8375
 15400 
=   
  7200 

5   20  39. (c) 4% 25 : 24
Rent remaining = 18480 – 7560 = 10920 5% 20 : 21
15x 9x 25%
% Increase in saving 4 : 5
10920  8200 50 : 63
Food Others =  100
8200 13
3x 6x Rs. 40
= 33.17%
 24x = `160 3400
50 unit  ` 170000
Alternate Method:
Rama's weekly income = `160 Income = Exp. + Saving 3400
13 unit  ` 44200
29. (d) % Decrease Decrease in 15400 = 7200 + 8200
quantity 20% +5%
Profit at the end of 3rd year
12.5% ® 2.5 kg = `44200
3080 = 360 + (3080 – 360)
100% ® 20 kg = 2720 40. (b) 50% of (200 + 150) = 175
(100 – 12.5)% = (20 – 2.5) kg  % Increase in saving Marks obtained in first paper
87.5% = 17.5 kg 2720
Alternate Method: = × 100 = 33.17% 40
8200 = 200 × = 80
100
1 –1 1 1
12 %  34. (d) 50% = , 10% = Marks obtained in second paper
2 8 2 10
: 7 A : B : C = 175 – 80 = 95
8
22 : 11 : 10 % marks in second paper
1 unit  2 1 kg 95
2 1 unit = 10000 = × 100
150
1 Total Valid votes = (22 + 11 + 10)
7 unit  2 2 kg × 7 = 17.5 kg 43 unit = 430000 190
30. (c) Exp. = Price × Consumption 80 = % = 63.33%  64%
3
100 4 x x 10 Total registered votes ×
= ×  = 100 Alternate Method:
108 5 y y 9 = 430000
Total registered votes I II
% Decrease in comsumption
430000  5 40% x%
1 = = 537500
= × 100% =10% 4
10
Alternate Method: 35. (b) Total number of casted votes
50%
100 70
= 90000 ×
100
108 –12 Number of votes received by B x – 50 10
100
120 70 40
120 = 90000   = 25200 (200) (150)
= 10% Decrease 100 100
31. (d) ATQ, Alternate Method: x – 50 200
 
Income = Exp. + Saving 10 150
Option (b) is multiple of 9. Hence,
19 15 4 190
(b) is correct. x =
+18% +12%
3.42 1.8 3.42–1.8 36. (a) (80 – 65)% = 20 + 10 3
= 1.62 15% = 30  100% = 200 = 63.33%  64%

198 Selected gaS

Selection fnyk,axs Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)