Region I

Schools Division Office of Vigan City

VIGAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EAST
Nagsangalan, Vigan City

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 7

Week No.1 Date: February 11, 2025

I. Objectives
A. Content Standard
The learner should have knowledge and understanding of the solution of
simple equations.
B. Performance Standard
The learner is able to solve simple equations and substitute it into an algebraic
expression to evaluate the expression.
C. Learning Competencies
The learner distinguish a variable from a constant in an algebraic expression.
D. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are able to:
1. Distinguish a variable from a constant in an algebraic expression.
2. Translate verbal phrases into algebraic expression.
3. Evaluate algebraic expressions given the value/s of the variables.
4. Appreciate the importance of algebraic expressions into real-life situations.
II. Subject Matter

Topic: Variable, Constant, and other terms related to Algebraic

Expressions.
References: CK-12 Foundation. (2024, January 11). Evaluating algebraic expressions
and equations. https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-algebra-ii- with-
trigonometry-concepts/section/1.4/primary/lesson/evaluating-algebraic-
expressions-and-equations-alg-ii/

Materials: PowerPoint presentation, laptop, marker and instructional materials

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Daily Routine

Good morning, Grade 11 students!

Good morning, sir!
How are you today?
We are fine sir.
That’s great! So, class, before we indulge
ourselves into learning, let us first ask the
goodness and guidance of our Almighty God
to give us the knowledge we need for our new
lesson. Kindly lead the prayer, Aaron.

Our father who art in heaven, hallowed be

Thy name; Thy kingdom come; Thy will be
done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this
day our daily bread; and forgive us our
trespasses as we forgive those who trespass
against us; and lead us not into temptation,
Okay class, before you take your seats, kindly but deliver us from evil. Amen.
pick up the pieces of paper under your chairs.
After that, arrange your chairs and kindly take
your seats.

Now, before we proceed, may we always

remember the word SOLVE. So, what do we
mean about the word SOLVE?

S – Stay Focused
O – Observe Respect
L – Leave Cellphones and Gadgets away
V – Value Effort and Participation
E – Engage and participate in our Learning

Did you understand our classroom rules

class?

That’s great! Now, is there any absent for Yes, sir.

today?

Now, for those who are farsighted and None, sir.

nearsighted, please find your comfortable
place to enjoy learning!

Very good! Yes, sir. Thank you, sir.

A. Reviewing previous lesson (ELICIT)

Now, class, before we proceed to our class

discussion, let’s first have a recap on what
you have learned in the previous lesson.

We tackle about in the 3rd quarter the 4

fundamentals operations which is called the
Arithmetic.

We simply discuss the Integers and now we

will be meeting the Algebra.

The difference between Arithmetic and

Algebra is in Arithmetic we used Numbers
and in Algebra we will meet already a Letters
and we call it a Algebraic.

Understand class? Yes, sir.

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson.

(ENGAGE)

Before we proceed to our main lesson, let us

have a little activity called “Guess Me!” I will
show you some pictures, and your task is to
guess what term or concept they represent.
So, are you ready class?
Yes, sir.

1.

What is your guess class? Yes, Lance.

1. VARIABLE, sir.
Very good, How about this second slide?

2.

Yes, Denrix.
2. CONSTANT, sir.
Very good, moving on to the next slide.

3.
3. ALGEBRA, sir.

Very good, and the last slide is?

4.
4. EXPRESSION, sir.
Good guess, class. Interesting insight class.
So, based on those pictures what would be
our topic for today class? It’s all about Algebraic Expression, sir.

Good guess, Miguel. How about you, Mike?

Sir, I think it’s about the Variables, Constant,
and other terms related to Algebraic
Expressions.
Excellent class.

C. Discussing new concept and practicing

new skills. (EXPLORE)

Now, our lesson for today is all about the

Introduction to Algebra: Variables, Constant,
and other terms related to Algebraic
Expressions. Kindly, read the definition class.

ALGEBRA
Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses
symbols and letters to represent numbers and
operations.
Thank you, it involves letters/symbols and
numbers/symbols. Where letters are called the
VARIABLES, and numbers are called
CONSTANT.

Did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Lets’s define the Constant and Variables,.

Kindly read class. Constant
These are fixed values that do not change.

For example: 7, -2, 1/3, 1.587, √2,

This are all constant it represent a fixed value.

Okay, did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Moving on, how about the Variables. Kindly

read class. Variables
These are symbols that can represent different
values.
Thank you, we simply uses different letters in
alphabet to represent the variables like a, b,
and c. But we usually use the letter x, y, z in
algebra.
Did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Okay, for you to better understand let’s talk

about Constant and Variable in real-life.

First we have the constant.

We can see this in the number of minutes in
an hour. Remember there are 60 minutes in an
hour it’s always 60 minutes and it’s not
changing.

Next one is number of days in a week. It will

not change also.

Okay, how about the Variables?

1. Electric bill each month (It’s

changing)
2. Speed of a car (It’s changing)

Did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Moving on, let’s now talk about Algebraic

Expressions. What is Algebraic Expressions?

Kindly read, class. Algebraic Expressions

An algebraic expression is a combination of
Thank you class variables, numbers, and operations.

So, for examples we have here x + 3 this is

an example of an algebraic expressions.

Were x here is the variable, the operation

which is addition (+), and then we have here
the number 3.

Is it clear class? Yes, sir.

Another example is x - y were x and y are the

variables, and has a operation which is
subtraction (-).

How about xy? Is there an operation that we

use? Yes, Yvan. Yes, sir. Since the variables are close together
the operations we use is multiplication (x).
Very good, Yvan.

Other example:
2x + y or (2)(x)+y
x/y
a^2 + b^2 or (a)(a) + (b)(b)
Did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Is there any questions or clarifications? None so far sir.

Okay, now this time let us breakdown the

different parts of an algebraic expressions.

I have here an expressions

5x - 5

Let’s start the first vocabulary which is

VARIABLE a symbol/letter that represent 1
or more value.

In this example 5x - 5 the variable here is the

x(variable).

How about the constant? What is the constant

talks about a while back class?

Yes, Reniel. Constant - a number/symbol that represents 1

fixed value.

Very good, So the CONSTANT in the

example is the number 5 however it is not just
positive 5 if it is followed by a negative or
positive sign. Since the number 5 was
followed by negative 5 it means that the
constant on that example is -5.

Are we clear class?

Yes, sir.

Let’s move on to the Coefficient. Kindly read

class? Coefficient - a number that multiplies the
variable.

Thank you, there are 2 types of coefficient.

The Numerical Coefficient and Literal
Coefficient.

What is the difference with this two?

Let’s take an example:

3x
In numerical coefficient here is the 3, and the
literal coefficient is x.
Is it clear class? Yes, sir.

Now, let’s try this 2xy, 5y^2, y

What is the Numerical and Literal Coefficient

of the 2xy? Yes, Hazel. Numerical : 2
Literal: xy
Very good, And how about the next example?
Yes, Lander. Numerical: 5
Literal: y^2
Very good, and the last example y? Yes,
Crystal? Numerical: 0
Literal: y

Is she correct class?

Okay, the numerical of y is 1, why 1? because

if we see an expression with out a number it
means that the numerical is always 1.

Did you understand class? Yes, sir.

Now, let’s have the last vocabulary which is

the TERM. Kindly read. Yes, Mj. Term - a part of he expression separated by +
or - .
Thank you, so here in the example the term
here is the the number the variable or the
combination of those two it also includes the
operations in front as its sign.

Our first term here is the 3x and this is a

combination of a number and a variable.
Another term here is negative 5 because it
includes the operation in front as it’s sign.

A term is always separated by operations + or

-.

So, they are 2 terms in that expression.

Understand class?
Yes, sir.

Okay, let’s have an example

1. 8xy + 3y - 2
What are the terms on this expression? Yes,
Peter. Terms: 8xy, 3y, -2

Very good, How many terms are there? Yes,

Amilo. 3 terms, sir.

Very good, and now let’s have an exercise

bring out your notebook and try this
examples. After that I will be calling some of
you to go on the board to show your answers.

1. 7x + 2y - 3
2. 2ab - 3a^2 + 5b^2c
3. 5m - 2/3
4. -3/5r - 7s^t - 10

For each expression, identify the:

VARIABLES:
CONSTANT:
COEFFICIENT:
TERMS:
NUMBER OF TERMS:
OPERATIONS USED:

Are you done class? Yes, sir.

Okay, Who wants to go on the board to show

their answers?

Yes, Johan, Yuhlee, Karla, and Jeric. Johan:

VARIABLES: x, y
CONSTANT: -3
NC: 7, 2
LC: x, y
TERMS: 7x, 2y, -3
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3
OPERATIONS USED: addition, subtarction,
multiplication

Yuhlee:
VARIABLES: a, b, c
CONSTANT: none
NC: 2, -3, 5
LC: ab, a^2, b^2c
TERMS: 2ab, -3a^2, 5b^2c
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3
OPERATIONS USED: addition, subtraction,
multiplication

Karla:
 VARIABLES: m
CONSTANT: -1/3
NC: 5
LC: m
TERMS: 5m, -1/3
NUMBER OF TERMS: 2
OPERATIONS USED: subtraction,
multiplication, division

Jeric:
VARIABLES: r, s, t
CONSTANT: -10
NC: -3/5, -7
LC: r, s^4t
Brilliant!!! So, is there any questions or TERMS: -3/5r, -7s^4t, -10
clarifications about our topic class? NUMBER OF TERMS: 3
OPERATIONS USED: subtraction,
multiplication, division.

None, sir.

D. Developing Mastery. (Explained)

Now that you really understand our lesson

let’s have a group activity. Find your partner
class group yourselves by two.

In the Coefficient include the Numerical and

Literal Coefficient.

Understand class? Yes, sir.

ANWER KEY:
E. ELABORATE

I can tell that you really listened in our lesson.

We've covered a lot today, Let's do a quick
recap. What was our topic a while back? Yes,
Ana. Variables, Constant, and other term related to
Algebraic Expression.

Very good, What is a Variable all about? Yes,

Martha. These are symbols that represent different
values.

Very good, How about the Constant? Yes,

Trish. These are fixed values that do not change.

Thank you, What is the definition of

Algebraic Expressions? Yes, Vincent An algebraic expression is a combination of
variables, numbers, and operations.

Very good, how about the Coefficient? Yes,

Chloe. A number that multiplies a variable.

Thank you, and lastly. What is the Term all

about? Yes, Marcu. A part of the expression separated by + or -.

Very good, Kindly give me an example of

Algebraic Expressions class.
4y + 6 sir.
Very good, another example?
12a^2 - 5b^3 + 8c sir.

Thank you, Is there any questions class? None, sir.

If none, bring out 1 whole sheet of papers and

let’s have a quiz.
F. EVALUATE

So, class, let’s have a short quiz to test if you

learn something today. Kindly bring out one
whole sheet of paper and answer the problem.

Instructions: For each expression, identify

the variables, constant term, coefficients, and Answer key:
terms.

1. 3x + 7y - 5 1.
2. 4a^b - 9c + 2 VARIABLES: x, y
3. 2xy - 3x^2 + 5y^2z CONSTANT: -5
4. 8p - 6q^2r^3 + 10 COEFFICIENT: 3, 7
5. -3mn + 4m^2n^2 - l - 7 TERMS: 3x, 7y, -5
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3

2.
VARIABLES: a, b, c
CONSTANT: 2
COEFFICIENT: 4, -9, 5
TERMS: 4a^b, - 9c, 2
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3
3.
VARIABLES: x, y, z
CONSTANT: none
COEFFICIENT: 2, -3, 5
TERMS: 2xy , - 3x^2, 5y^2z
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3

4.
VARIABLES: p, q, r
CONSTANT: 10
COEFFICIENT: 8, -6
TERMS: 8p, - 6q^2r^3, 10
NUMBER OF TERMS: 3

5.
VARIABLES: m, n, l
CONSTANT: -7
COEFFICIENT: -3, 4, -1
TERMS: -3mn, + 4m^2n^2 ,- l, - 7
NUMBER OF TERMS: 4
G. EXTEND

Have an advance reading on our next lesson,

Translating verbal phrases to algebraic
expressions.

Do you have any questions regarding your

assignment class?

If none, then see you next meeting. Goodbye None, sir.

grade 7.

Goodbye and thank you Sir. See you again

tomorrow sir.

Prepared by:
JEDIEL Q. BRIONES
Pre – service Teacher

Checked by:
MRS. FAY S. REOTUTAR
Cooperating Teacher