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Complex Sentences

The document discusses the importance of generosity and includes a quote emphasizing empathy and giving. It provides a lesson on sentence structures, including simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences, with examples and exercises for practice. Additionally, it highlights common mistakes in sentence construction.

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18 views32 pages

Complex Sentences

The document discusses the importance of generosity and includes a quote emphasizing empathy and giving. It provides a lesson on sentence structures, including simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences, with examples and exercises for practice. Additionally, it highlights common mistakes in sentence construction.

Uploaded by

masomahjan69
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Writing Session

Saifullah Ahmadi
Ida Alexa Ross Wylie
• Quote of the week:

“If there is one thing I would teach a child, above all else, it is to be able to
imagine himself into the flesh of other people: to realize his mother’s
weariness, his father’s anxieties, his little brother’s lonely fears, and to give
of himself generously to ease their burdens. A child who has learned to be
consistently generous will become a generous adult, much loved and
therefore truly successful.” —I.A.R. Wylie (June 1954)
Being generous
Have you helped a person in need?
Do you help the people in need?
Generosity is good for the world
Is being generous helpful for your personal growth?
•In the previous lesson, we learned:
Phrases and clauses
Independent clause and dependent clause
Simple sentences
Compound sentences
• Simple or compound?
• We could play a video game, or we could go to Zainab’s house.
• a compound sentence
• Ahmad and Zahra walked to the bus stop.
• simple sentence
• Fatima and her brother looked at the problem and spotted the solution.
• simple sentence
• Can you take out the garbage, and can you get the mail?
• a compound sentence
• On Wednesday, she is a part of the cooking club.
• a simple sentence
•
He was prepared for his quiz, yet he still felt anxious.
• a compound sentence
Type three: complex sentences
•A complex sentence:
•must have at least two clauses
•on independent clause
•main clause
•at least one dependent clause
• Example:
• The student did poorly on the exam.
• Independent clause
• complete
• because he misunderstood the essay question.
• Dependent clause
• incomplete
• The student did poorly on the exam because he misunderstood the
essay question.
• A complex sentence
• one independent clause
• One dependent clasue
• Common subordinating conjunctions that begin a
dependent clause:

-although -as -after -since -before


-because -if -though -until -unless
-whereas -when -whether -while
In complex sentences, if you have one dependent clause and one
independent clause, you can put them in either order:

Option A

Independent clause Dependent clause


Option B

Dependent clause , Independent clause


•Examples:
• Some young people have difficulty handling new
responsibilities when they first move out of their
parents’ home.
• When they first move out of their parents’ home,
some young people have difficulty handling new
responsibilities.
•More examples:
• The man, who I had never met before, was looking
at me strangely.
• Although he was wealthy, he was still unhappy because he was
alone.
• Even though my friends begged me, I chose not to go to the
reunion because I didn’t want to see Frank.
• Rewrite the compound sentences below so that they are complex
sentences. You may need to make changes to the grammar,
punctuation, order, etc. Answer will vary.
• The company needs to make changes to its product; otherwise, it
won’t be able to keep up with the competition.
• Unless the company makes changes to its product, it won’t be able to keep
up with the competition.
• If the company does not make changes to its product, it won’t be able to
keep up with the competition
• Some parents are afraid to give children peanuts or eggs before their
first birthday; however, others want to introduce these foods much
earlier.
• While some parents are afraid to give children peanuts or eggs before their
first birthday, others want to introduce these foods much earlier.
• Zahra wrote the introduction for the presentation; meanwhile, Fatima put
together the visuals.
• While Zahra wrote the introduction for the presentation, Fatima put together the visuals.
• Her father is a strict conservative; however, her mother is a free-spirited liberal.
• Though her father is a strict conservative, her mother is a free-spirited liberal.

• Employers wanted to increase productivity at work; therefore, they blocked


access to Facebook.
• Since employers wanted to increase productivity at work, they blocked access to
Facebook.
• Read the instruction carefully, then you can begin to answer the questions.
• When you read the instruction carefully, you can begin to answer the questions.
• Ahmad wanted to become more involved at school, so she joined a number or
extracurricular clubs.
• As Ahmad wanted to become more involved at school, he joined a number or
extracurricular clubs.
Compound or complex sentence?
Compound sentences are like marriage
Two mature adults want to come together.
Complex sentences are like the relationship between a mother and her children.
Zahra needs to score an 80 on her TOEFL;
therefore, she is taking private lessons twice a
week to prepare.
• a compound sentence
• It can be divided into two independent clauses
• Zahra needs to score an 80 on her TOEFL.
• she is taking private lessons twice a week to prepare.
• Because Sara needs to score an 80 no her TOEFL
test, she is taking private lessons twice a week to
prepare.
• It is a complex sentence
• Dependent clause
• Independent clause
• It can’t be divided into two complete sentences!
• she is taking private lessons twice a week to prepare.
• Complete
• Because Sara needs to score an 80 on her TOEFL test.
• incomplete
• Combine each each pair of sentences into one sentence in two different ways.
Create one compound sentence and one complex sentence.
A. My mother is sick. My mother is going to the doctor.
a. My mother is sick, so she is going to the doctor.
b. My mother is going to the doctor because she is sick.
B. Ahmad has gone to Hyderabad. Ahmad has not found any jobs yet.
a) Ahmad has gone to Hyderabad, but he has not found any jobs yet.
b) Though Ahmad has gone to Hyderabad, he has not found any jobs yet.
C. Zahra was not satisfied with her birthday dress. Zahra wore it anyway.
a) Zahra was not satisfied with her birthday dress; however, Zahra wore it.
b) Although Zahra was not satisfied with her birthday dress, Zahra wore it anyway.
D. Jaffar called me yesterday. I was not able to answer his call.
a) Jaffar called me yesterday, but I was not able to answer his call.
b) Even though Jaffar called me yesterday, I was not able to answer his call.
E. Ahmad had to present the paper today. Fatime volunteered to do it.
a) Ahmad had to present the paper today; instead, Fatime volunteered to do it.
b) While Ahmad had to present the paper today, Fatime volunteered to do it.
Type Four: compound-complex sentences
•A compound-complex sentence has:
• more than one independent clause
• at least one dependent clause
• When waiting for the bus
• A dependent clause
• Zahra played games on her phone.
• A independent clause
• Ahmad read a book.
• A independent clause
• Now let’s put them together:

• While waiting for the bus, Zahra played games on her phone, and
Ahmad read a book.
• a compound-complex sentence
• More examples:

• After the storm passed, I went outside, and I


picked flowers.
• Though he has a walnut allergy, Ahmad bravely
walked through the walnut grove but he made
sure to ear long sleeves.
• After the storm passed, I went outside, and I
picked flowers because they were beautiful.
• Sentence types review:
• Simple sentence
• One independent clause
• Compound sentence
• Two independent clauses
• Complex sentence
• One independent clause
• At least one dependent clause
• Compound-complex sentence
• two independent clauses
• At least one dependent clause
Mistake of the week
Can you spot the
mistake?
I just need to put my make-up
and I will be ready.

I just need to put on my make-


up and I will be ready.

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