? Reading Notes for Topic 2
? Reading Notes for Topic 2
of a Computer
Topic Overview
By the end of this topic, students will have a solid grasp of how these components interact
to enable computing processes.
Learning Objectives
Input devices allow users to enter data and commands into a computer system.
Input Description Example
Device
Keyboard Used for text entry and command Standard QWERTY, Mechanical,
execution Virtual Keyboard
Mouse Controls the pointer on the screen, Optical Mouse, Wireless Mouse
used for navigation
Microphone Captures audio input for recording or Built-in Laptop Mic, USB
communication Microphone
Real-Life Analogy: A keyboard is like a pen—it helps you write digital content just as a
pen helps you write on paper.
Monitor Displays visual output from the LCD, LED, OLED Monitors
computer
Hard Disk Drive Internal Mechanical parts, large storage Laptop HDD, Desktop
(HDD) capacity HDD
Flash Drive (USB External Portable, plug-and-play USB 3.0 Flash Drive
Drive)
Real-Life Analogy:
• An HDD is like a library—it stores a vast amount of information but takes time to
retrieve.
• Cloud storage is like renting a locker—you store your files online and access them
from anywhere.
CPU (Central Brain of the computer, processes Intel Core i9, AMD
Processing Unit) commands Ryzen 9
RAM (Random Access Temporary memory that stores active DDR4, DDR5 RAM
Memory) tasks
Real-Life Analogy:
• The CPU is like a chef—it processes ingredients (data) to prepare meals (output).
• RAM is like a work desk—it holds files you're currently using for quick access.
1. What is the difference between input and output devices? Provide examples.
Computer software refers to programs and operating instructions that enable a computer
to perform tasks.
Real-Life Analogy:
• The OS is like a manager—it oversees operations, schedules tasks, and ensures
smooth functionality.
Multimedia Used for editing photos, videos, Adobe Photoshop, VLC Media
Software and music Player
Real-Life Analogy:
5. Compare SSD vs. HDD and state which is better for performance.