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Cybersecurity_Interview_Preparation_Guide

The document is a comprehensive guide for preparing for cybersecurity interviews, covering essential topics such as personal introductions, project descriptions, and key cybersecurity concepts. It includes definitions of cybersecurity terms, frameworks like the Cyber Kill Chain and CIA Triad, and distinctions between various security methodologies. Additionally, it provides insights into incident response, types of attacks, and technical details relevant to the field.

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27 views

Cybersecurity_Interview_Preparation_Guide

The document is a comprehensive guide for preparing for cybersecurity interviews, covering essential topics such as personal introductions, project descriptions, and key cybersecurity concepts. It includes definitions of cybersecurity terms, frameworks like the Cyber Kill Chain and CIA Triad, and distinctions between various security methodologies. Additionally, it provides insights into incident response, types of attacks, and technical details relevant to the field.

Uploaded by

awfullymeee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cybersecurity Interview Preparation Guide

1. Questions and Answers

Tell me about yourself


I have completed my bachelor's in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and am
currently pursuing my master's in Cybersecurity. My technical skills include proficiency in
programming languages like Python and C++, knowledge of network security protocols, and
experience with tools like Wireshark and Nmap. I am also adept at analyzing data for
cybersecurity insights. My focus is on leveraging my AI background to contribute to
innovative cybersecurity solutions. I value collaboration and problem-solving, and I aim to
add value by identifying vulnerabilities and implementing robust security measures
without overestimating my abilities.

What inspired you to take a cybersecurity course?


Cybersecurity fascinates me because of its critical role in safeguarding digital assets. I was
inspired by the challenge of solving complex security threats and my desire to innovate by
integrating AI into security strategies. My interest grew after learning about real-world
breaches and their impact, motivating me to contribute to securing systems against such
threats.

About your resume contents


My resume highlights my academic background, certifications, internships, and key projects
like building AI-based intrusion detection systems. It also includes my participation in
hackathons and my practical experience in vulnerability assessment and penetration
testing.

About your projects


One of my notable projects is designing an AI-powered intrusion detection system that
identifies anomalies in network traffic using machine learning algorithms. Another project
involved conducting vulnerability assessments on web applications, identifying security
gaps, and suggesting mitigations.

What is security?
Security refers to measures and protocols designed to protect assets, systems, or data from
unauthorized access, harm, or disruption.

What is cybersecurity / Information security / cloud security?


- Cybersecurity: Protecting systems, networks, and data from digital attacks.
- Information Security: Safeguarding data integrity, confidentiality, and availability
regardless of its format.
- Cloud Security: Protecting data and applications hosted in cloud environments from
breaches or unauthorized access.
Identification, Authentication, Authorization
- Identification: Verifying the identity of a user/system (e.g., username).
- Authentication: Confirming the claimed identity (e.g., password or biometrics).
- Authorization: Granting access to resources based on verified identity and permissions.

Cyber Kill Chain


It’s a framework that describes the stages of a cyber attack:
1. Reconnaissance: Gathering information about the target.
2. Weaponization: Creating a malicious payload.
3. Delivery: Transmitting the payload to the target.
4. Exploitation: Executing the attack.
5. Installation: Installing malware.
6. Command and Control: Establishing communication.
7. Actions on Objectives: Executing the attack goals.

CIA Triad
- Confidentiality: Ensuring information is accessible only to authorized individuals.
- Integrity: Ensuring data accuracy and trustworthiness.
- Availability: Ensuring resources are accessible when needed.

PPT (People, Process, Technology)


A framework for managing security by integrating skilled people, streamlined processes,
and effective technology.

TVA (Threat, Vulnerability, Asset)


A methodology used to assess risks:
- Threat: Potential harm to an asset.
- Vulnerability: Weakness that can be exploited.
- Asset: Valuable entity being protected.

AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting)


A security framework:
- Authentication: Verifying identity.
- Authorization: Granting permissions.
- Accounting: Recording user activities.

Difference between audit and accounting


- Accounting: Recording and summarizing financial transactions.
- Audit: Reviewing and verifying financial records for accuracy.

Vulnerability assessment vs. penetration testing


- Vulnerability Assessment: Identifies potential security weaknesses.
- Penetration Testing: Simulates attacks to exploit vulnerabilities.
Ethical hacking vs. penetration testing
- Ethical Hacking: Broader term encompassing penetration testing and other techniques to
improve security.
- Penetration Testing: Specific testing method to identify vulnerabilities by exploiting them.

What is incident response?


A structured approach to detecting, responding to, and mitigating cybersecurity incidents.

How do you prioritize incidents?


Incidents are prioritized based on impact, severity, and urgency. Critical incidents affecting
sensitive data or essential services are addressed first.

SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)


A system that aggregates and analyzes log data to detect and respond to security threats.

Three-way handshake
A TCP connection setup process involving:
1. SYN: Client requests connection.
2. SYN-ACK: Server acknowledges request.
3. ACK: Client confirms connection.

Advanced scan flag in Nmap


The -A flag enables advanced scans in Nmap, including OS detection and service version
detection.

Subdomain enumeration
Identifying subdomains associated with a domain to discover additional attack surfaces.

What is a subdomain?
A subdivision of a domain used to organize and navigate web resources (e.g.,
blog.example.com).

What is DNS?
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses.

Difference between TCP and UDP


- TCP: Reliable, connection-oriented protocol.
- UDP: Fast, connectionless protocol.

First step of access control


Identification: Verifying the identity of a user/system.

ACL (Access Control List)


Lists defining permissions for users/systems to access resources.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)


Used for network diagnostic messages like ping and traceroute.
Proxy server second name
Gateway.

UDP header size


8 bytes.

IDS vs. IPS


- IDS (Intrusion Detection System): Monitors and alerts on potential threats.
- IPS (Intrusion Prevention System): Detects and blocks threats in real-time.

Stateful vs. Stateless


- Stateful: Tracks active connections.
- Stateless: Treats each request independently.

SQL Injection
An attack that manipulates SQL queries to access unauthorized data.

2. Additional Related Questions


1. What are the types of cybersecurity attacks?

2. What are the steps of incident response?

3. What is a zero-day vulnerability?

4. What are the layers of the OSI model?

5. What is lateral movement in cybersecurity?

6. What are salted passwords?

7. Explain the difference between hashing and encryption.

8. What is the principle of least privilege?

9. How does a VPN work?

10. What is a brute force attack?

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