DISASTER

READINESS
AND RISK
REDUCTION
ANA FIA S. JAPITANA
 Chapter 7:

HYDROMETEOROLOGICA
L
HAZARDS

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

HYDROMETEOROLOGICA
L
HAZARDS
 Introduction
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The students will be able to:
• distinguish and differentiate among different
hydrometeorological hazards
• recognize signs of impending hydrometeorological
hazards
• apply appropriate measures/interventions before,
during, and after hydrometeorological hazards
• Interpret different hydrometeorological hazard
maps
• Use available tools for monitoring
hydrometeorological hazards
JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.
 Introduction
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
• processes or phenomenon of atmospheric,
hydrological or oceanographic nature that may
cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts,
property damages, loss of livelihoods and
services, social and economic disruptions, or
even environmental damages.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Introduction
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
• Tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons and
hurricanes)
• Thunderstorms
• Hailstorms
• Tornadoes
• Blizzards
• Heavy snowfall

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Introduction
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
• Avalanches
• Storm surges
• Floods including flash floods
• Drought
• Heat waves
• Cold spells.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Introduction
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
• Hydrometeorological conditions also can be a
factor in other hazards such as landslides, wild
fires, locust plagues, epidemics, etc.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 POTENTIAL
HYDROMETEOROLOGI Hy
dro
met
eor
CAL HAZARDS olo
gic
al
Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

CYCLONES ( TYPHOON ) Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

THUNDERSTORM TORNADO Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

FLASH FLOOD FLOOD Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

STORM SURGE Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

El Niño La Niña Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

CYCLONE ( TYPHOON ) Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 A Cyclone is an intense low pressure system which is
characterized by strong spiral winds towards the center,
called the “Eye” in a counter-clockwise flow in the northern Hy
hemisphere. dro
met
Hazards due to tropical cyclones are strong winds with heavy eor
rainfall that can cause widespread flooding/flash flood, storm olo
surges, landslides and mudflows. gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Every year, 19 tropical cyclones enter the Philippine Area
of Responsibility
Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Classification of Cyclone:

• Tropical Depression Hy
- maximum winds of up to 61 kilometers per hour (kph) dro
met
• Tropical Storm – maximum wind speed of 62 kph to 88 kph
eor
• Severe Tropical Storm - maximum wind speed of 89 kph to olo
117 kph gic
• Typhoon – maximum wind speed of 118 kph to 220 kph al
• Super Typhoon - maximum wind speed exceeding 220 kph

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 PAGASA Public Storm Warning System

PSWS LEAD TIME WINDS (kph) IMPACTS OF THE WIND Hy

dro
#1 36 30 - 60 No damage to very light damage
Light to moderate damage
met
eor
#2 24 61 - 120 Light to moderate damage olo
gic
#3 18 121 - 170 Moderate to heavy damage al
#4 12 171 - 220 Heavy to very heavy damage

#5 12 more than 220 Very heavy to widespread damage

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Typhoon
- is a large, powerful and violent tropical cyclone
Hy
- is low pressure area rotating counterclockwise and dro
containing rising warm air that forms over warm water in met
the Western Pacific Ocean eor
olo
- is called a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean, a cyclone in the gic
Indian Ocean and wily-wily in Australia. al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 Typhoon
- less powerful tropical cyclones are called Tropical
Depressions and Tropical Storms
Hy
dro
- can inflict terrible damage due to thunderstorms, violent met
winds, torrential rain, floods, landslides, large and very big eor
waves associated with storm surges olo
gic
- hurricane-force winds can reach out as little as 40 km from al
the center of a small hurricane and as far as 240 km in a
large hurricane

- tropical storm-force winds can extend as far as 480 km from

the center of a large hurricane
JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.
 BEFORE TYPHOON

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Coordinate with local community on safety plan Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Ensure that your house (school) can withstand strong Hy

winds and heavy rainfall dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Discuss with your family, friends, classmate about typhoon Hy

and other disturbances dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Understand weather forecasts and how to minimize our Hy

risks dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Recommend trimming and removal of unstable trees, Hy

electric post, or any infrastructure that could fall and may dro
cause damage or injury met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE TYPHOON

• Have a survival kit (battery-operated radio, flashlight, Hy

emergency cooking equipment, candles, matches, and first dro
aid kit met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Regularly monitor official updates of PAGASA Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Stay in a sturdy and stable shelter Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Stay indoors and away from windows or things that may Hy

topple over dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Stay indoors and away from windows or things that may Hy

topple over dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Coordinate with the local community on possible Hy

evacuation measures (especially if you are in a low-lying dro
area) met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING TYPHOON

• Remain calm and take notice of your situation Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER TYPHOON

• Attend to injuries if needed Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER TYPHOON

• Apply first aid kit to monitor cuts or wounds Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER TYPHOON

• Seek medical assistance at your nearest clinic or hospital Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER TYPHOON

• Check your immediate vicinity (house, school, Hy

surroundings) for any damages that can pose a potential dro
hazard to people around it met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

THUNDERSTORM Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 THUNDERSTORM
- is generally local storms produced by cumulonimbus clouds
and are always accompanied by lightning and thunder, Hy
usually with strong wind gusts, heavy rain and sometimes dro
with hail and/or tornado met
eor
- is typical in warm environments like the tropics and may olo
gic
persist for 1 to 2 hours.
al

- the typical thunderstorm caused by convection occurs when

the sun’s warmth has heated a large body of moist air near
the ground

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Learn about your area’s thunderstorm risk by looking at Hy

past events dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Discuss how would you know if a thunderstorm may Hy

produce light, moderate, heavy or torrential rain as well as dro
duration met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Discuss the rainfall/thunderstorm warning system of Hy

PAGASA dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Recommend trimming and removal of unstable trees, Hy

electric post, or any infrastructure that could fall and may dro
cause damage or injury met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Ensure proper drainage in the Hy

surrounding by removing things dro
that may hinder proper drainage met
flow eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE THUNDERSTORM

• Participate actively in the school drills on disaster response Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

• Stay indoors and remain calm Hy

(Postpone all outdoor activities) dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

• Regularly monitor official updates of PAGASA Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

• Be on the lookout for failing debris and flashfloods Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If treat of lightning is eminent Hy

• Turn off and unplug all electrical dro
and electronic devices met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If treat of lightning is eminent Hy

• Refrain from using phones (mobile, landline until the storm dro
passes over met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is eminent Hy

• stay low dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 LIGHTNING SAFETY POSITION
Lightning safety experts have invented a “lightning safety
position” that is very important to know if you are caught
in a thunderstorm and you can’t find a shelter. This
position looks hard, but it could save your life. There are
several reasons for doing it. It makes you a smaller target.
With your heels together, if lightning hits the ground, it
goes through the closest foot, up to your heel and then
transfers to the other foot and goes back to the ground
again. If you don’t put your feet together, lightning could
go through your heart and kill you. You put your hands
over your ears to protect them from thunder.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is eminent Hy

• stay away from structures such as trees, electric lines, dro
tower, or fences met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is eminent Hy

• water can conduct electricity, refrain from swimming or dro
being in contact/submerged in bodies of water met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is eminent Hy

• distance of thunderstorm cloud can be estimated by dro
counting the time interval between seeing lightning and met
hearing eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING THUNDERSTORM

If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is eminent Hy

• remain indoors at least 30 minutes after hearing the last dro
thunder met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Continue monitoring PAGASA or local radio/television Hy

stations for weather updates dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Always observe safety measures on if you need to go Hy

outdoors dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Stay away from storm-damaged areas Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Watch out for fallen tree branches, trunks, electric lines, Hy

etc. and report them to authorities dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Stay away from flood waters Hy

(It is possible to contact diseases from flood water) dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER THUNDERSTORM

• Uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp debris under Hy

floodwater can be potentially harmful dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Flood and flashflood Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 FLASH FLOOD
- is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas like
washes, rivers, dry lakes and basins Hy
dro
- it may be caused by heavy rain associated with a met
severe thunderstorm, hurricane, tropical storm, or eor
melt water from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets olo
gic
or snowfields
al
- occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris
dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 FLOOD
- is the inundation of land
areas which are not Hy
normally covered by water dro
met
eor
- caused by a temporary rise olo
or the overflowing of a gic
river, stream, or other water al
course, inundating adjacent
lands or floodplains

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 FLOOD
- due to a temporary rise of lakes, oceans or reservoirs
and/or other enclosed bodies of water, inundating Hy
border lands due to heavy and prolonged rainfall dro
met
associated with tropical cyclones, monsoons,
eor
inter-tropical convergence zones or active low olo
pressure areas. gic
al
- basically hydrological phenomena and they are also
caused by storm surges, and tsunami along coastal
areas.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 FLOOD and FLASH FLOOD
- several factors contribute to flooding. Two key
elements are rainfall intensity and duration. Hy
dro
met
- Intensity is the rate of rainfall, and duration is how eor
long the rain lasts olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Learn about your area’s flood risk by looking at past Hy

dro
events. These risk differ for different places and
met
different months eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Know the flood hazard map in your community Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Learn from previous occurrences how frequent, how Hy

dro
high and how fast flood can occur
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Take notice of rapidly rising water and prepare plans Hy

dro
for evacuation
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Have a survival kit containing battery-operated radio, Hy

dro
flashlight, emergency cooking equipment, candles,
met
matches and first aid kit eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- As the ground soak up more water from continuous Hy

dro
rains, possibility of flooding increases
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE FLOOD

- Participate actively in the school drills on disaster Hy

dro
response
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Unplug all electric and electronic devices Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Listen continuously to Hy
dro
official updates on weather
met
and flooding eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Remain calm and be ready in case evacuation is Hy

dro
necessary
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Do not attempt to cross flowing streams unless they Hy

dro
are assured that the water is below knee level
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Avoid areas prone to flooding Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Avoid swimming in swollen rivers Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Make sure you only drink clean water Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Stay away from flood waters as it is possible to Hy

dro
contact diseases from flood water
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING FLOOD

- Uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp debris Hy

dro
under floodwater can be risky and potentially
met
harmful eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER FLOOD

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER FLOOD

- Report broken utility lines (electricity, water, gas, Hy

dro
etc.) to appropriate agencies/authorities
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER FLOOD

- Ensure that Hy
dro
electrical
met
appliances are eor
checked by a olo
competent gic
electrician before al
switching the on

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER FLOOD

- Stay away from flood water Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER FLOOD

- Uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp debris Hy

dro
under floodwater can be potentially harmful
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

Storm surge Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 STORM SURGE
- is a rise of seawater above normal sea level on the
coast, generated by the action of weather elements, Hy
such as cyclonic wind and atmospheric pressure dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

- learn about your area's vulnerability to storm surge Hy

dro
by looking at past events. if vulnerable, recommend
met
relocation to safer grounds eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

- stay away from beaches/shore during tropical Hy

dro
cyclone passage
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

- identify evacuation routes leading to safe higher Hy

dro
grounds
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

- establish evacuation plans and procedures Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE STORM SURGE

- participate actively in the school drills on disaster Hy

dro
response
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- Regularly monitor official storm surge Hy

dro
advisory/forecast updates of PAGASA
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- remain calm and be ready in case of evacuation Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- stay away from beaches/shore and low-lying areas Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- head towards inland away from potential flow of Hy

dro
water
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- turn off power supply Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING STORM SURGE

- if caught in a storm surge, you are advised to hold on Hy

dro
large structures like big trees
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

- check structural damage of your surroundings and Hy

dro
make sure structures are safe from collapsing
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

- check surroundings Hy
dro
for electrical damage
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

- stay away from flood waters (it is possible to contact Hy

dro
diseases from flood water)
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

- uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp debris Hy

dro
under floodwater cna be potentially harmful
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER STORM SURGE

- clean alud and debris Hy

dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

El niño and la niña Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al
 El Niño and La Niña
- are complex weather patterns resulting from variations
in ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific Hy
dro
met
- these two phenomena are opposite phases of what is
eor
known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 El Niño and La Niña
The ENSO cycle is a scientific term that describes the
fluctuations in temperature between the ocean and Hy
atmosphere in the east-central Equatorial Pacific. dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 El Niño and La Niña
La Niña is sometimes referred to as the cold phase of ENSO
and El Niño as the warm phase of ENSO. These deviations Hy
from normal surface temperatures can have large-scale dro
impacts not only on ocean processes, but also on global met
weather and climate. eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 El Niño and La Niña
La Niña is sometimes referred to as the cold phase of ENSO
and El Niño as the warm phase of ENSO. Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 El Niño and La Niña
La Niña is sometimes referred to as the cold phase of ENSO
and El Niño as the warm phase of ENSO. Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE EL NIÑO

Hy
dro
met
eor
olo
gic
al

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 BEFORE EL NIÑO

- listen and monitor PAGASA El Nino/drought/dry spell Hy

dro
forecast on what parts of the country will be affectes
met
severe conditions eor
- plan your daily activities to avoid doing strenuous olo
work during the hottest time of the day gic
al
- learn about the symptoms of heat stress or exposure
to extreme environmental heat, sunburn, heat
exhaustion, heat stroke, dehydration, and other
related conditions caused by very hot climate by
discussing with local physicians/medical personnel

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 DURING EL NIÑO

- avoid doing strenuous activity during the hottest time of Hy

the day dro
- keep hydrated met
- during drought condition, conserve water eor
- stay indoors whenever possible olo
- regularly clena electric fans and air conditioner filters gic
al
- wear-lighted colored and lightweight clothing
- take frequent breaks i you must work outdoors
- never leave children or pets alone in closed vehicles
- seek medical attention if you or another person
experiences symptoms of heat stress

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 AFTER EL NIÑO

- seek medical attention if you or another person Hy

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experiences symptoms of heat stress
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JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

TORNADO Hy
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met
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 TORNADO
- is described as a violently rotating column of air extending
from a thunderstorm to the ground Hy
- come in many sizes but are typically in the form of a dro
visible condensation funnel whose narrow end touches met
the earth and is often encircled by a cloud of debris. It can eor
have a wide range of colors depending on the olo
environment gic
- may appear nearly transparent and invisible until dust al
and debris are picked up
- develop from severe thunderstorms in warm, unstable air
along and ahead of cold fronts. It starts from a change in
direction, an increase in wind speed with increasing
height and a rise from within the thunderstorms which
triggers the rotation of wind from horizontal to vertical.

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 PREPAREDNESS – What to do BEFORE
✔ Develop a preparedness plan or the whole family
✔ Have a periodic drills with the members of the family
✔ Inspect predesignated areas to ensure the best
protection
✔ Keep an open line communication with other members
of the family
✔ Listen to radio and television for information
✔ Store flashlights and back up batteries to receive
warnings response

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 RESPONSE – What to do DURING
✔ Move to a predesignated area or an interior room on
the lowest floor and get under a sturdy piece of
furniture
✔ Stay away from windows
✔ Lie flat in a depression if caught outside your
house/school or any building

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.

 REHABILITATION – What to do AFTER
✔ Attend to survivors immediately
✔ Check the house for damages and losses
✔ Coordinate with proper authorities for assistance

JAPITANA, Ana Fia S.