AS/NZS 2280:2020 r:

■ I
STANDARDS
NEW ZEALAND
. . TE MANA TAUTIKANGA OAOTEAROA.
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)

\ '

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Ductile iron pipes and fittings

AS/NZS 2280:2020

This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard™ was prepared by Joint Technical Committee
WS-016, Cast Iron Pressure Pipes And Fittings. It was approved on behalf of the Council of
Standards Australia on 10 March 2020 and by the New Zealand Standards Approval Board
on 18 December 2019.
This Standard was published on 27 March 2020.

The following are represented on Committee WS-016:

Australian Building Codes Board
Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Australian Industry Group
Australian Water Association
Casting Technology New Zealand
Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia
Plastics New Zealand
SAi Global (Certification Interests Australia)
Water New Zealand
Water Services Association of Australia

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR AS/ NZS 2280:2019.

Keeping Standards up-to-date

Ensure you have the latest versions of our publications and keep up-to-date about
Amendments, Rulings, Withdrawals, and new projects by visiting:
www.standards.org .au
www.standards.govt.nz

ISBN 978 1 76072 783 3

 AS/NZS 2280:2020
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Ductile iron pipes and fittings

Originated as AS 2280-1979.
Previous edition AS/NZS 2280:2014.
Ninth edition AS/NZS 2280:2020.
Reissued incorporating Amendment No 1 (June 2021).

© Standards Australia Limited/the Crown in right of New Zealand, administered by the New
Zealand Standards Execut ive 2020
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, wit hout the written
permission of the publisher, unless otherwise permitted under t he Copyright Act 1968 (Cth)
or the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand).
AS/NZS 2280:2020 ii

Preface
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee WS-
016, Cast Iron Pressure Pipes and Fittings, to supersede AS/NZS 2280:2014.
[5)This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 [June 2021). The changes required by the Amendment are
indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or
part thereof affected. ®I
The objective of this Standard is to provide a standard manufacturing specification to be used by
manufacturers and purchasers of ductile iron pressure pipes and fittings.
The major changes to this revision [5) are as follows ®I:
(a) Inclusion of a calculation method to determine minimum wall thickness values for fittings
with alternative pressure classifications.
(b) Inclusion of prescriptive wall thickness values for PN 16 and PN 20 fittings.
(c) Modification to fittings design verification test procedures.
(d) Amendment to tensile properties of ductile iron for fittings.
(e) Removal ofliquid applied coatings and cement mortar lining options for fittings.
(f) Modification to lifting lug and thrust pad requirements.
Relevant Standards relating to the installation of ductile iron pipes and fittings are listed in the
Bibliography.
The terms "normative" and "informative" are used in Standards to define the application of the
appendices to which they apply. A "normative" appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an
"informative" appendix is only for information and guidance.

Notes to text are for information and guidance only.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 iii AS/NZS 2280:2020

Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ii
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
Section 1 Scope and general .................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2
1.4 Notation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Product conformity evaluation to this Standard ............................................................................................................ 4
1.6 Pressure classification........................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.6.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.6.2 Pipe ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.6.3 Fittings ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.6.4 Flanged pipe ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.7 Allowable pipeline pressures .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.8 Marking .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.8.1 Pipes ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.8.2 Fittings ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.8.3 Flanged pipe ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.8.4 Pipes and fittings not suitable for drinking water ................................................................................. 8
Section 2 Materials and manufacture ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Ductile iron ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1 Properties .................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.2 Tensile properties .............................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.3 Hardness .................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.4 Microstructure ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.5 Mode of pipe casting ........................................................................................................................................................ 9
2.1.6 Finish .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Contact with drinking and recycled water ....................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 Preparation of pipes and fittings for coatings and linings .................................................................................. 10
2.4 Coatings .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.4.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.4.2 Pipe coatings ........................................................................................................................................................................ 10
2.4.3 Fitting coatings .................................................................................................................................................................. 10
2.5 Linings .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.5.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.5.2 Cement mortar lining intended for drinking and recycled water applications ......... 11
2.5.3 Calcium aluminate cement mortar lining ................................................................................................... 11
2.5.4 Thermal-bonded polymeric linings ................................................................................................................. 12
2.6 Elastomeric seals .................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.7 Flange gasket materials ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Section 3 Design of pipes, fittings and joints .................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Spigot and socket pipes ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Tolerances on dimensions ....................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Flanged pipe ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13
3.2.1 Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.2 Flanges ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.3 End options ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.2.4 Tolerances .............................................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.3 Pipes with bolt-on puddle flanges ........................................................................................................................................... 14
3.4 Fittings ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.4.1 Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.4.2 Spigots ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
AS/NZS 2280:2020 iv

3.4.3 Sockets ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 15

3.4.4 Integral cast flanges ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.5 Tolerance on fitting dimensions ......................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.6 Lugs and pads ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.7 Design verification .......................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.5 Pipe and fitting joints .......................................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5.2 Elastomeric seal joints ................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.5.3 Flanged joints...................................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.6 Measurement ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17
3.7 Symbols for pipes and fittings ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
Section 4 Performance requirements ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1 Production hydrostatic tests ......................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.2 Pipes with elastomeric seal joints..................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.3 Fittings and flanged pipes ........................................................................................................................................ 18
4.2 Type tests ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2.2 Elastomeric seal joints ................................................................................................................................................ 18
4.2.3 Restrained joints .............................................................................................................................................................. 19
4.2.4 Flanged joints on flanged pipe ............................................................................................................................. 19
4.2.5 Fittings design verification ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Appendix A (normative) Product conformity evaluation ............................................................................................................ 20
Appendix B (informative) Purchasing guidelines ................................................................................................................................ 24
Appendix C (normative) Tensile properties and hardness tests .......................................................................................... 26
Appendix D (normative) Cement mortar lining..................................................................................................................................... 28
Appendix E (normative) Determination of pipes and fitting dimensions .................................................................. 31
Appendix F (normative) Type tests ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Appendix G (informative) Symbols for pipes and fittings ........................................................................................................... 39
Appendix H (normative) Dimensions of pipes and fittings ........................................................................................................ 40
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 72
Amendment control sheet.. ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 73
 V AS/NZS 2280:2020

Introduction
This Standard sets out manufacturing requirements and dimensions for ductile iron pipes and fittings
up to ON 750.
The class of ductile iron pipe has been determined on the basis of the allowable operating pressure
(AOP) to give a minimum wall thickness. It provides a factor of safety of 3 on AOP, but does not include
a separate corrosion allowance. Most users now consider the issue of corrosion to be best addressed by
the specification of appropriate protection systems.
This Standard permits a range of pressure classifications with standard classifications of PN 20 and PN
35 for pipe and PN 16, PN 20 and PN 35 for fittings.
The AOP of a pipeline is limited to the lowest AOP of all pipes, fittings and appurtenances within the
pipeline system.
Requirements for ON 900 to ON 2600 ductile pipes and fittings are given in ISO 2531, Ductile iron pipes,
fittings, accessories and their joints for water applications.

Fittings covered by this Standard are intended primarily for use with water supply pressure pipes
having outside diameters nominated herein.
Other factors to be considered in selecting the wall thickness of ductile iron pipes and fittings
are as follows:
(a) External loads that can be expected to be applied to pipes and fittings during and after
installation.
(b) The depth of the pipeline in the ground and other pipe-laying conditions.
(c) Stresses due to expansion and contraction.
(d) Stresses incurred during handling of pipes and fittings.
A designer of a pipeline has, among other duties, the responsibility of evaluating the possible conditions
to which component pipes and fittings may be exposed. The designer has to consider whether pipes
and fittings manufactured in accordance with this Standard are of sufficient strength for a proposed
application.
Ductile iron pressure pipes and fittings with spigot and socket ends are manufactured for use with
flexible joints in which the seal is made by means of a suitably retained rubber gasket. It is not possible
to include complete details of such joints and joint surfaces without restricting future developments in
their design.
Where pipeline designers are combining plastics pipes with fittings manufactured to this Standard,
the following needs to be considered when assessing required minimum depth of pipe entry into
fitting sockets:
(i) Thermal expansion and contraction.
(ii) Joint deflection.
(iii) Viscoelasticity of pipeline material.
(iv) Off-square pipe cuts and chamfer lengths.
Guidelines for the use of plastic pipes with ductile iron fittings specified in this Standard are given in
the Water Services of Australia Information and Guidance Note WSAA TN2, Guidelines for the use ductile
iron elastomeric joint fittings with plastic pipes, available from https://www.wsaa.asn.au.
Ductile iron pipelines can be subject to corrosion in some soils. The need for protection can be assessed
by various methods, including the ANSI approved AWWA C105/A21.5, Polyethylene Encasement for
Ductile-Iron Pipe Systems, and the Orstad Chart. The most accurate and commonly used method in

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 vi

Australia is the linear polarization resistance (LPR) technique. Advice on assessment can be obtained
from manufacturers of ductile iron pipeline systems.
Protection against corrosive soils is most commonly provided by loose polyethylene sleeving,
manufactured to AS 3680, Polyethylene sleeving for ductile iron piping, applied in accordance with
AS 3681, Application of polyethylene sleeving for ductile iron piping. This system of protection has been
in use in Australia for over 40 years and has been shown to be a most cost-effective means of corrosion
protection. Training in the use of loose polyethylene sleeving is recommended by ductile iron pipe
manufacturers and has been accredited by the Australian Skills Quality Authority.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 1 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Ductile iron pipes and fittings
Section 1 Scope and general

1.1 Scope
This Standard specifies requirements for ductile iron pressure pipes centrifugally cast in moulds, and
ductile iron fittings of nominal sizes up to and including DN 750.
NOTE 1 Ductile iron is also known as spheroidal graphite iron, SG iron or nodular graphite iron.

The specified pipes and fittings are intended primarily for conveying water under pressure, but may be
used for conveying sewage or other liquids.
Fittings covered by this Standard are intended primarily for use with water supply pressure pipes.
NOTE 2 Fittings are also used in non-metallic pipeline systems.

NOTE 3 Fittings may also be used with pressure pipes of alternative outside diameters by the adoption of
compatible sockets or utilization of compensating elastomeric seals, provided the joint meets the performance
requirements of this Standard. Ductile iron spigots should not be inserted into plastic pipe sockets.

This Standard specifies pressure classifications of pipe on the basis of the allowable operating pressure
(AOP); however, Flange Class (FLCL) pipe has been specified for manufacture of flanged pipe with
screw-on flanges.

1.2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document:
NOTE Documents referenced for informative purposes and relevant Standards relating to the installation of
ductile iron pipes and fittings are listed in the Bibliography.

AS 1111.1, /SO metric hexagon commercial bolts and screws-Product grade C, Part 1: Bolts
AS 1349, Bourdon tube pressure and vacuum gauges
AS 1353.2, Flat synthetic-webbing slings, Part 2: Care and use
AS 1391, Metallic materials-Tensile testing at ambient temperature
AS 1580.408.4, Paints and related materials-Methods of test, Method 408.1: Adhesion (crosscut)
AS 1646, Elastomeric seals for waterworks purposes
AS 1816.1, Metallic materials-Brinell hardness test, Method 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2005, MOD)
AS 1831, Ductile cast iron
AS 2317.1, Lifting points, Part 1: Collared eyebolts and collared eyenuts-Grade 4
AS 2345, Dezincification resistance of copper alloys
AS 2758.1, Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes, Part 1: Concrete aggregates
AS 3972, General purpose and blended cements
~ AS ISO 7.1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads, Part 1: Dimensions,
tolerances and designation ®I

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 2

AS ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

AS/NZS 3500.0, Plumbing and drainage, Part 0: Glossary of terms

AS/NZS 4020, Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water

AS/NZS 4087:2011, Metallic flanges for waterworks purposes

AS/NZS 4158, Thermal-bonded polymeric coatings on valves and fittings for water industry purposes
ISO 8179-1, Ductile iron pipes,Jittings, accessories and their joints - External zinc-based coating - Part
1: Metallic zinc with finishing layer

ISO 16132, Ductile iron pipes and fittings - Seal coats for cement mortar linings

WSAA WSA 109, Industry Standard for flange gaskets and O-rings

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 2540: Solids, American
Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment
Federation (WEF)

~ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 3500: Sodium. American
Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment
Federation (WEF) (51
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Part 4500-Cl-Chloride:, American
Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment
Federation (WEF)

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 4500-H+: PH Value, American
Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment
Federation (WEF)

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 4500-SO 4 2-: Sulfate American
Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment
Federation (WEF)

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 5520: Oil and Grease,

1.3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in AS/NZS 3500.0 and those
below apply.

1.3.1
allowable operating pressure
AOP
allowable internal pressure, excluding surge, that a component can safely withstand in service

1.3.2
allowable site test pressure
ASTP
maximum pressure applied on site in a newly installed pipeline, which includes a safety factor and
allowances for surge

1.3.3
coating
corrosion-control barrier applied to the external surface of a pipe or fitting

1.3.4
effective length
overall length of a pipe or fitting measured along its centre-line, excluding the depth of any sockets

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 3 AS/NZS 2280:2020

1.3.5
egg-shelling
polygonal surface pattern on cement mortar lining resembling the crazing effect exhibited by the shell
of an egg with multiple fractures
1.3.6
entry depth
required distance past the seal that a pipe is inserted in a socket to provide satisfactory sealing
1.3.7
fettling
cleaning of castings, removal of fins, gates and similar superfluous material by chipping, grinding or
other mechanical means
1.3.8
flanged pipe
pipe manufactured in accordance with this Standard having a flange (conforming to AS/NZS 4087:2011)
attached to one or both ends by welding, threaded connection or other suitable means
1.3.9
laitance
chalky surface layer composed of finer fractions of mortar, which can readily be removed from the
lining by scraping with a blade after the lining has cured
Note 1 to entry: Laitance does not include the cement-rich layer, which is an integral part of the lining and cannot
be easily removed.

1.3.10
lining
corrosion-preventing barrier applied to the internal surface of a pipe or fitting
1.3.11
maximum allowable operating pressure
MAOP
maximum internal pressure, including surge, that a component can safely withstand in service
1.3.12
mortar
cement mortar consisting of cement, aggregates and water
1.3.13
ovality
out of roundness
difference between the maximum outside diameter and the minimum outside diameter, measured in
the same cross-section
1.3.14
pressure classification
a classification of pipes, fittings and flanged pipe by a PN number based on the allowable operating
pressure (AOP) expressed in megapascals
Note 1 to entry: PN = 10 x AOP.

1.3.15
seal coat
coating applied over a cement mortar lining to control the interactions between the lining and the
contents of the pipe or fitting
1.3.16
shall
indicates that a statement is mandatory

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 4

1.3.17
should
indicates a recommendation

1.4 Notation
The following symbols are used in this Standard:

a = minimum wall thickness of pipe and fittings, in millimetres

t = nominal wall thickness of pipe, in millimetres

y = mean pipe barrel outside diameter, in millimetres

D = mean outside diameter of pipe, in metres

F = Y x ON, in newtons

KA = safety factor for allowable operating pressure

= 3
KT = stress concentration factor associated with the design of each fitting

M weight of the spigot pipe and its contents, in newtons

PA = AOP, excluding surge, in megapascals

PN = pressure classification~ (see Clause 1.3.14) ~

r = radius

R = minimum ultimate tensile strength of material, in mega pascals

W = applied vertical force, in newtons

Y = 1.5 PN with a minimum value of 30 and a maximum value of 50

w = spinning speed, in revolutions per second

1.5 Product conformity evaluation to this Standard

Product conformity to this Australian Standard shall be evaluated in accordance with Appendix A.
NOTE The information that should be supplied by the purchaser, or by the manufacturer, is given in the
purchasing guidelines set out in Appendix B.

1.6 Pressure classification

1.6.1 General

Pipes, fittings and flanged pipe shall be classified by rated pressure in accordance with Clauses 1.6.2,
1.6.3 and 1.6.4, as applicable. The pressure classification of pipes, fittings and flanged pipe shall be by
PN number, except for Flange Class (FLCL) pipe.

1.6.2 Pipe

Ductile iron pipe shall be classified by a PN number, based on the AOP.

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 5 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Standard pressure classifications shall be PN 20 and PN 35 for pipe sizes up to and including ON 750.
NOTE Other pressure classifications may be used, including for example PN 16, PN 25, PN 30, PN 40 and PN 45.

The minimum wall thickness of pipe (a) shall be determined from the following equation:

a=-----
PAKAY
1.6.2(1)
(2R+ PAKA)
NOTE The above equation is derived from Barlow's equation, i.e. <J = PD/2a.

The minimum wall thickness shall be not less than 3.0 mm for pressure classifications up to and
including PN 20, and not less than 3.5 mm for all higher pressure classifications.
The nominal wall thickness of pipe (t) shall be determined from the following equation:
t =a+ 1.3 + 0.001x ON 1.6.2(2)

Pipe wall thicknesses for pressure classifications PN 20 and PN 35 shall be as given in Figure H.1 and
Table H.1. Appendix H, for pipe sizes up to ON 750.
A special pipe classification, Flange Class (FLCL), for manufacture of flanged pipe with screw-on
flanges, is specified in Figure H.1 and Table H.l. Appendix H.
NOTE Guidelines for the ring bending stiffness and allowable deflection of ductile iron pipe are given
in WSAATN3.

1.6.3 Fittings

1.6.3.1 General

Ductile iron fittings shall be classified by PN number, based on the AOP.

Standard pressure classifications shall be PN 16, PN 20 and PN 35 for fitting sizes up to and including
ON 750, unless they incorporate a lower pressure classification flange.
NOTE 1 Other pressure classifications are allowable, including for example PN 25, PN 30, PN 40 and PN 45.

NOTE 2 PN 35 wall thicknesses and ratings were adopted on the basis of historical water industry experience.

The minimum wall thickness of fittings shall be determined by one of two methods given in
Clause 1.6.3.2 or 1.6.3.3 based on the following equation:

1.6.3.1

The safety factor for allowable operating pressure (KA) shall be 3.

The minimum wall thickness of fittings shall be not less than 5.0 mm.

1.6.3.2 Calculation method

The stress concentration factors given in Table 1.6.3.1 shall be used in the equation. The dimensions
for bend radii, tee crotch radii and strengthening details for large diameter tees shall be as given in
Appendix H, as applicable.
~ Fittings wall thicknesses for pressure classifications PN16, PN20 and PN35 shall be as given in
Appendix H Figures H.2 to H.16 and Tables H.2 to H.16.(51

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 6

Table 1.6.3.1 - Stress concentration factors for fittings

DN 15)KT®]
100 5.4
150 4.1
200 3.5
225 3.1
250 2.8
300 2.6
375 2.3
450 2.1
500 2.0
600 1.8
750 1.7

1.6.3.3 Computational method

The stress concentration factor and other dimensions, including strengthening requirements, shall be
determined for each of the various shapes and configurations of fittings using appropriate engineering
techniques. Each fitting designed in accordance with this Clause shall undergo a design verification test
in accordance with Clause 4.2.5.
NOTE Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a recognized contemporary method to meet this requirement.

1.6.4 Flanged pipe

Flanged pipe, including pipes with bolt-on puddle flanges, shall be classified by PN number. The PN
number of flanged pipe shall be classified by the PN number of the flange. The PN number of the
pipe shall be at least equivalent to the PN number of the flange. The PN number of the pipe shall be
determined from minimum wall thickness, using Equation 1.6.2(2) of Clause 1.6.2. after allowing for
any loss of wall thickness resulting from the method of attachment.
NOTE Pipe thread depth is regarded as loss of wall thickness.

1. 7 Allowable pipeline pressures

Allowable pipeline pressures shall be as follows:
(a) Allowable operating pressure (AOP) = (PN number)/10, in megapascals.
(b) Maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) = 1.20 x Allowable operating pressure (AOP),
in megapascals.
(c) Allowable site test pressure (ASTP) = 1.25 x Allowable operating pressure (AOP), in
megapascals.
The allowable pressures within a pipeline system shall be limited to the lowest pressure classification
of all pipe, fittings, flanges and appurtenances within the system.
Allowable pipeline pressures for Class PN 16, PN 20 and Class PN 35 shall be as given in Table 1.7(A).
Allowable pressures for pipelines incorporating Class PN 16 and Class PN 35 flanged joints shall be as
given in Table 1.7(8).

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 7 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Table 1.7(A) - Allowable pressures for pipelines with elastomeric seal joints

Allowable operating pressure Maximum allowable operating Allowable site test pressure
PN
(AOP) pressure (MAOP) (ASTP)
MPa MPa MPa
16 1.60 1.92 2.00
20 2.00 2.40 2.50
35 3.50 4.20 4.38

Table 1.7(8) -Allowable pressures for pipelines with flanged joints

Maximum allowable
AS/NZS 4087:2011 Allowable operating Allowable site test
PN pressure (AOP) operating pressure pressure (ASTP)
flange reference (MAOP)
MPa MPa MPa
16 Figure BS 1.60 1.92 2.00
35 Figure B6 3.50 4.20 4.38
NOTE Pipelines using PN 20 pipes and PN 35 fittings and incorporating PN 16 flanges are classified as PN
16 pipelines.

1.8 Marking

1.8.1 Pipes

Each pipe shall be clearly marked with the following:

(a) Manufacturer's name or mark.
(b) Nominal size (see Figure H.1 and Table H.1. Appendix H).
(c) Pressure classification.
(d) The number of this Standard, i.e. AS/NZS 2280.
(e) Colour coding of pipe classes, as given in Table 1.8.1.
(f) The words "SUITABLE FOR CUTTING" for pipes greater than ON 300 as applicable.
Sewer pipes shall have a red external coating.
NOTE Manufacturers making a statement of conformance to this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a
product, packaging or promotional material related to that product, are advised to ensure that such conformance
is capable of being verified.

Table 1.8.1 - Colour coding of pipe classes

PN Socket end marking

20 Green
35 Red
FLCL Blue
Key
FLCL = Flange Class pipe

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 8

1.8.2 Fittings

15) Each fitting shall be clearly marked with the following, cast onto the fitting in raised form:

(a) Manufacturer's name or mark.

(b) Nominal size.

(c) The word "DUCTILE" or "DI".

(d) Where applicable, the angle of the bend.

(e) Pressure classification.

(f) The number of this Standard, i.e. AS/NZS 2280.~

NOTE Manufacturers making a statement of conformance to this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a

product, packaging or promotional material related to that product, are advised to ensure that such conformance
is capable of being verified.

1.8.3 Flanged pipe

Each flange shall be clearly marked with the following:

(a) Manufacturer's name or mark.

(b) Nominal size.

(c) Pressure classification

(d) The number of this Standard, i.e. AS/NZS 2280.

NOTE Manufacturers making a statement of conformance to this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a

product, packaging or promotional material related to that product, are advised to ensure that such conformance
is capable of being verified.

1.8.4 Pipes and fittings not suitable for drinking water

Pipes or fittings that do not conform to AS/NZS 4020 shall be marked continuously along their length
with the words "NOT SUITABLE FOR DRINKING WATER" in legible lettering of minimum 20 mm height.

NOTE Manufacturers making a statement of conformance to this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a

product, packaging or promotional material related to that product, are advised to ensure that such conformance
is capable of being verified.

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 9 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Section 2 Materials and manufacture

2.1 Ductile iron

2.1.1 Properties
Processed metal, from which the pipes and fittings (including flanges and puddle flanges for flanged
pipe) are manufactured, shall be ductile iron conforming to the requirements of Clauses 2.1.2 to 2.1.4.
NOTE After withdrawal from the moulds, pipes and fittings may require heat treatment to achieve conformance
with Clauses 2.1.2 to 2.1.4.

2.1.2 Tensile properties

2.1.2.1 Pipes

Pipes shall be tested in accordance with AS 1391 and Appendix C. The tensile properties of the ductile
iron shall be as follows:
(a) Minimum tensile strength of 420 MPa.
(b) Minimum elongation of 10 o/o.

2.1.2.2 Fittings (including flanges and puddle flanges for flanged pipe)
Fittings, including flanges and puddle flanges for flanged pipe, shall be tested in accordance with
AS 1391 and Appendix C.
The tensile properties of the ductile iron shall be as follows:
(a) Minimum tensile strength of 400 MPa.
(b) Minimum elongation of 10 %.

2.1.3 Hardness

2.1.3.1 Pipes

Pipes shall be tested in accordance with AS 1816.1 and Appendix C. The Brinell hardness of the ductile
iron shall not exceed 230 HB.

2.1.3.2 Fittings (including flanges and puddle flanges for flanged pipe)

Fittings, including flanges and puddle flanges for flanged pipe, shall be tested in accordance with
AS 1816.1 and Appendix C. The Brinell hardness of the ductile iron shall not exceed 250 HB.

2.1.4 Microstructure

Pipes and fittings shall be tested in accordance with the metallographic procedures of AS 1831. The
microstructure of the ductile iron shall have a nodularity of 75 % (min.) Form V and Form VI.

2.1.5 Mode of pipe casting

Pipes shall be cast in moulds by means of a centrifugal casting process.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 10

2.1.6 Finish

Small surface imperfections, inseparable from the method of manufacture and not detrimental to the
functional quality of the castings, shall be accepted, provided conformance with all requirements of
this Standard is maintained.

Minor surface defects may be rectified by fettling, provided conformance with all requirements of this
Standard is maintained.

Cracks and tears in the metal shall not be repaired.

2.2 Contact with drinking and recycled water

All products, including pipe and fittings end coatings and linings, seals and gaskets that are intended
for contact with drinking and recycled water shall conform to AS/NZS 4020. The scaling factor shall
be as follows:
(a) For pipe linings - 1.

(b) For fitting linings (i.e. for fittings comprising not more than 5 % of the total pipeline
length) - 0.05.

(c) For pipe end coatings and linings in contact with drinking water (i.e. the total length of the
end coating and lining on a pipe comprises not more than 5 % of the pipe length) - 0.05.

2.3 Preparation of pipes and fittings for coatings and linings

All surfaces of pipes and fittings to be coated and lined shall be clean, dry and free from rust at the time
of application. Internal surfaces are not required to be dry for cement mortar lining.

2.4 Coatings

2.4.1 General

Where a coating is specified, it shall be in accordance with Clause 2.4.2 for pipes and Clause 2.4.3
for fittings.
NOTE Other coating systems for pipes and fittings may be specified by the purchaser. The availability of coating
systems should be checked with the manufacturer.

2.4.2 Pipe coatings

A metallic zinc coating shall be applied in accordance with ISO 8179-1. The mean mass of zinc coating
shall be not less than 200 g/m2 with a local minimum of not less than 180 g/m2.

A finishing liquid-applied coating shall be applied to metal spray coatings at a minimum coating
thickness of 80 µm. The finishing coating shall have an adhesion rating of not greater than 2 when
tested to AS 1580.408.4.
NOTE Polyurethane coatings meeting the requirements of EN 15189 may be applied as an alternative to metal
spray coatings by agreement between the purchaser and supplier.

2.4.3 Fitting coatings

Thermal-bonded polymeric coatings on fittings shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 4158.

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 11 AS/NZS 2280:2020

2.5 Linings

2.5.1 General

Pipes shall be lined in accordance with either Clause 2.5.2 or Clause 2.5.3 (see Note 1).

Fittings shall be lined in accordance with Cla use 2.5.4 (see Note 2).

Internal surfaces of sockets shall conform to Cla use 2.4.

Linings shall not affect the sealing of elastomeric seals and flange gaskets.
NOTE 1 Polyurethane linings meeting the requirements of EN 15655-1 may be applied as an alternative to
cement mortar lining by agreement between the purchaser and supplier.

NOTE 2 Other lining systems for pipes and fittings may be specified by the purchaser.

NOTE 3 Guidelines for the use of cement mortar linings in sewerage applications are given in WSAA TN6.

2.5.2 Cement mortar lining intended for drinking and recycled water applications

Unless an alternative lining is specified, pipes shall be cement mortar lined along their effective length
in accordance with Appendix D. The cement shall be in accordance with AS 3972 GP, GB or SR cement.

The cement mortar lining thickness shall be as specified in Table 2.5.2.

During manufacture, the thickness of the freshly applied lining shall be measured by a calibrated spear
having a diameter of 1.5 mm or less, or by another verifiable method. When using a spear, it shall be
inserted perpendicular to the lining surface at a minimum distance of 100 mm from the end face of the
pipe or fitting.

Where specified, seal coatings shall conform to ISO 16132.

NOTE 1 Seal coatings are applied over the cement mortar lining of pipes for use in aggressive water situations,
particularly for small diameter pipelines where the residence time of water in the pipeline is long.

NOTE 2 Guidance on the use of a seal coating should be sought from the manufacturer. In general, consideration
should be given to the use of seal coatings where the total alkalinity of the water being conveyed is less
than 30 mg/L.

Table 2.5.2 - Cement mortar lining thickness

Lining thickness, mm
DN Product
Nominal Minimum
100-600 5 3.5
Pipes
750 6 4.5
NOTE Where the fluid being conveyed is aggressive to
a cement mortar, a thicker cement mortar lining or an
alternative lining may be specified by the purchaser.

2.5.3 Calcium aluminate cement mortar lining

Where specified, pipes shall be calcium aluminate cement mortar lined along their effective length
in accordance with Appendix D. The calcium aluminate cement shall have a minimum alumina
content of 48 %.

The cement mortar lining thickness shall be as specified in Table 2.5.2.

During manufacture, the thickness of the freshly applied lining shall be measured by a calibrated
spear having a diameter of 1.5 mm or less, or by another verifiable method. When using a spear, it shall

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 12

be inserted perpendicular to the lining surface at a minimum distance of 100 mm from the end face
of the pipe.
NOTE 1 Calcium aluminate cement mortar lining is intended for aggressive water applications and is not
suitable for drinking water applications.

NOTE 2 For aggressive water applications, consideration should be given to protection of the pipe end not
covered by the mortar lining and thus exposed to the aggressive water.

2.5.4 Thermal-bonded polymeric linings

Thermal-bonded polymeric linings on fittings shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 4158.

~ The corrosion protection system shall be fully effective for all internally wetted surfaces. (g

2.6 Elastomeric seals

Elastomeric seals shall be in accordance with AS 1646.

2. 7 Flange gasket materials

Flange gaskets materials shall be in accordance with WSA 109.

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 13 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Section 3 Design of pipes, fittings and joints

3.1 Spigot and socket pipes

3.1.1 Dimensions

Minimum wall thickness of spigot and socket pipes shall be in accordance with with Clause 1.6.2. Other
dimensions for spigot and socket pipe shall be in accordance with Figure H.1 and Table H.1, Appendix H
(see Note 1).
The effective length of spigot and socket pipe shall be not less than 5000 mm (see Note 2).
NOTE 1 Figure H 1 of Appendix H gives nominal wall thickness and minimum wall thickness for pressure
classifications PN 20, PN 35 and Flange Class (FLCL).

NOTE 2 The effective length of spigot and socket pipe are specified by the manufacturer.

NOTE 3 Spigot chamfer and socket profile are components of the manufacturer's joint design, which is subject
to the tests of Section 4.

3.1.2 Tolerances on dimensions

3.1.2.1 Outside diameter

Pipe mean outside diameter (y) tolerances shall be in accordance with Figure H.1 and
Table H.1, Appendix H.

3.1.2.2 Length

Pipe effective length tolerance shall be ±30 mm, except for pipes from which a test specimen was taken.
The tolerance on pipe cut to purchaser-specified lengths shall be ±6 mm.

3.1.2.3 Ovality of pipe

The maximum allowable pipe ovality measured at the spigot shall be in accordance with Figure H.1 and
Table H.1, Appendix H.

3.1.2.4 Straightness

Where pipes are tested by means of a straightedge, the deviation from straightness shall not exceed
1.5 mm in any 1 m length, and the total deviation over a full length of pipe shall not exceed 8.5 mm.

3.2 Flanged pipe

3.2.1 Dimensions

Flanged pipe shall be manufactured from pipes conforming to Clause 3.1 and Figure H.1 and Table H.1.
Appendix H, and shall be classified in accordance with Clause 1.6.4. Where flanges are fitted by the
screw-on method, Flange Class (FLCL) pipe shall be used. The nominal maximum length of a flanged
pipe shall be 5850 mm.

3.2.2 Flanges

Flanges shall be square to the axis of the pipe and concentric to the bore. For double flanged pipe, the
sealing faces of the flanges shall be parallel and bolt holes shall be aligned. PN 16 flanges shall conform

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 14

to the dimensional requirements of AS/NZS 4087:2011 Figure BS and PN 35 flanges shall conform to
the dimensional requirements of AS/NZS 4087:2011 Figure 86.
NOTE Alternative flange dimensions may be specified by the purchaser.

3.2.3 End options

Flanged pipes may be supplied with one the following end options:
(a) Flange and spigot.
(b) Flange and socket.
(c) Flange and flange.

3.2.4 Tolerances

Tolerances on the length of flanged pipes shall be as follows:

(a) Flanged one end± 6 mm.
(b) Flanged both ends as follows:
(i) ON 100 to ON 300 (± 1.5) mm.
(ii) ON 375 to ON 600 (± 2.5) mm.
(iii) ON 750 (± 4.0) mm.

3.3 Pipes with bolt-on puddle flanges

Where fitted, puddle flanges shall provide full thrust restraint.
A machined groove shall be cut on the outside surface of the pipe to produce a groove of the average
depth shown in Figure H.18 , Appendix H. The pipe shall be classified according to the minimum wall
thickness remaining.
Puddle flanges shall be machined to provide a nominal interference fit on the diameter when
bolted to a pipe.
Bolts used to clamp two halves of a puddle flange together shall be of commercial quality, low-carbon
steel conforming to AS 1111.1.

3.4 Fittings

3.4.1 Dimensions

The minimum wall thickness of fittings shall be in accordance with Clause 1.6.3. Other dimensions
of fittings shall be in accordance with Figures H.2 to H.2.1 and Tables H.2 to H.2.1 of Appendix H, as
appropriate to the type and size of fitting.
NOTE 1 Figures H.2 to H.16 of Appendix H give minimum wall thickness for PN 16, PN 20 and PN 35 fittings.

NOTE 2 Alternative effective length dimensions for fittings specified in Appendix H may be agreed between
the purchaser and the manufacturer. However, alternative effective length dimensions for all-flanged fittings
(Figures H.14 to H.16 and Tables H.14 to H.16) should not be considered for critical applications such as, for
example, in treatment plants or pump stations. Alternative effective length dimensions for tapers, given in
Figure H.8 and Table H.8. should not be considered without assessment of head loss impact on flow.

All other fitting configurations not given in Appendix H may be deemed to conform to this Standard,
provided they conform to all the relevant requirements of this Standard.

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 15 AS/NZS 2280:2020

3.4.2 Spigots

The external diameter and chamfer dimensions offitting spigots shall be in accordance with Figure H.17
and Table H.17 of Appendix H. An appropriate stop shall be cast on the extremity of the machined
surface to prevent over-insertion into a socket.

3.4.3 Sockets

NOTE Socket profile is a component of the manufacturer's joint design, which is subject to the tests of Section 4.
Guidelines for the use of non-metallic pipe with ductile iron sockets are given in WSAA TN2.

3.4.4 Integral cast flanges

Fitting flanges shall be integrally cast. The overall length dimensions of fittings shall apply irrespective
of the flange classification adopted.

3.4.5 Tolerance on fitting dimensions

The tolerances on fitting dimensions shall be the following:

(a) For outside diameter of spigots, in accordance with Figure H.17 and Table H.17, Appendix H.
(b) For length of fittings with any combination of ends, except 2 or more flanges, ± 6 mm.
(c) For length of fittings with 2 or more flanges, as follows:
(i) ON 80 to ON 300, ± 1.5 mm (for dimensions h, l/2, and b).

(ii) ON 375 to ON 600, ± 2.5 mm (for dimensions h, l/2, and b).

(iii) ON 750, ± 4.0 mm (for dimensions h, l/2, and b).

3.4.6 Lugs and pads

3.4.6.1 Jointing lugs

Jointing lugs shall be provided on 90° and 45° socketed bends, for sizes ON 200 and greater. Dimensions
of jointing lugs shall be in accordance with Figure H.19 and Table H.19, Appendix H.

3.4.6.2 Lifting methods

Fittings exceeding 25 kg mass shall be designed to allow slinging in accordance with AS 1353.2. Where
provided, the number and location of lifting lugs shall facilitate balanced lifting and handling and
eyebolts shall be in accordance with AS 2317.1.

3.4.6.3 Thrust pads

Thrust pads shall be provided on ON 100 and ON 150 bends, except 111/4° bends. Dimensions shall be in
accordance with Figure H.20 and Table H.20, Appendix H.

3.4.7 Design verification

The design of fittings with wall thicknesses not conforming to Figures H.2 to H.16 and Tables H.2 to
H.16, Appendix H shall be verified in accordance with Clause 4.2.5.
ON 300 tees and above [identified in the relevant Appendix H figures with the symbol (S)] shall be
reinforced in the crotch area and body section to ensure that they have the nominated ratings.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 16

3.5 Pipe and fitting joints

3.5.1 General

Pipes and fittings specified in this Standard may be used with a variety of jointing systems and materials.

NOTE Where pipes and fittings of differing designs or materials are to be jointed, the manufacturer's guidance
should be obtained in regard to intercha ngeability.

3.5.2 Elastomeric seal joints

3.5.2.1 Spigot chamfer

Spigot ends of pipes and fittings shall be chamfered to facilitate jointing without damaging the seal.

3.5.2.2 Minimum depth of entry for fittings sockets

The minimum depth of entry beyond the elastomeric seal for fittings sockets shall be measured in
accordance w ith Appendix E, and shall be in accordance with Table 3.5.2.2.

Table 3.5.2.2 - Minimum depth of entry for ductile iron fittings sockets

Minimum depth of entry beyond elastomeric

Nominal Minimum depth of entry beyond elastomeric
seal for ductile fittings with ductile iron
size seal for ductile fittings with plastics pipe
pipe
DN mm mm
100 42 42
150 50 50
200 58 58
225 62 62
250 66 66
300 71 71
375 83 83
450 60 95
500 60 102
600 60 118
750 80 131
NOTE Guidelines for the use of non-meta llic pipes w ith ductile iron sockets a re given in WSAA TN2.

3.5.2.3 Joint deflections

When tested in accordance with Clause 4.2, the design of sockets and elastomeric seals shall permit the
minimum a llowable joint deflections specified in Table 3.5.2.3.

NOTE Profiles a nd dimensions of sockets are not s pecified because the joint design is the responsibility of
individual manufacturers.

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 17 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Table 3.5.2.3 - Elastomeric seal joint deflections

Nominal size Minimum joint deflections

ON degrees
100-250 3½
300-600 2½
750 1

3.5.3 Flanged joints

Flanges for pipes and fittings shall conform to AS/NZS 4087:2011. PN 16 flanges shall conform to the
dimensional requirements of AS/NZS 4087:2011 Figure 85, and PN 35 flanges shall conform to the
dimensional requirements of AS/NZS 4087:2011 Figure 86, unless specified otherwise in Appendix H.
NOTE Alternative flange dimensions may be specified by the purchaser.

3.6 Measurement
The dimensions of pipes, fittings and joints shall be measured in accordance with Appendix E.

3.7 Symbols for pipes and fittings

NOTE The recommended symbols to be used for pipes and fittings are given in Appendix G.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 18

Section 4 Performance requirements

4.1 Production hydrostatic tests

4.1.1 Purpose

The production hydrostatic tests are primarily intended to demonstrate leak-tightness of the pipes,
fittings and flanged pipes.

4.1.2 Pipes with elastomeric seal joints

When pipes with elastomeric seal joints are tested to the pressures specified in Table 4.1.2 for a
minimum period of 15 s, they shall not leak or sweat.

4.1.3 Fittings and flanged pipes

When fittings and flanged pipes are tested to the pressures specified in Table 4.1.2 for a minimum
period of 15 s, they shall not leak or sweat.
NOTE The production hydrostatic test pressure is lower for fittings and flanged pipes compared to pipes with
elastomeric seal joints because -

(a) the shape of fittings makes it difficult to provide sufficient restraint for high internal pressures during
the test; and

(b) the flanged pipe barrel has been tested under Clause 4.1.2 .

Table 4.1.2 - Production hydrostatic test pressures

Nominal diameter Minimum test pressure, MPa

DN Pipes with elastomeric seals Fittings and flanged pipes
100-300 The lesser of AOP and 5.0 The lesser of AOP and 2.5
375-600 The lesser of AOP and 4.0 1.6
750 The lesser of AOP and 3.5 1.0
Key
AOP = allowable operating pressure (see Clause 1.7)

4.2 Type tests

4.2.1 General

ON 100-ON 750 joints shall be tested in accordance with Clauses 4.2.2 to 4.2.4.

4.2.2 Elastomeric seal joints

When the following are tested in accordance with Appendix F. no leakage shall be allowed:
(a) Each elastomeric seal joint type on new designs, and where there are changes to an
existing design.
NOTE 1 Testing of elastomeric seal joints on fittings is not required where the seal joint design is
identical to the pipe.

(b) One joint from the diameter range ON 100 to ON 300, which shall qualify all joints of the same
design up to the joint size tested.

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 19 AS/NZS 2280:2020

(c) One joint from the diameter range DN 375 to DN 750, which shall qualify all joints of the same
design up to the joint size tested.

Testing at a particular pressure classification shall qualify joints of the same design for all pressure
classifications up to and including that tested.
NOTE 2 For example, testing a DN 600 PN 35 joint qualifies all DN 375 to DN 600 joints, with pressure
classifications up to and including PN 35, of the same joint design.

4.2.3 Restrained joints

When the following are tested in accordance with Appendix F, el) there shall be no leakage@:
(a) Each restrained joint type on new designs, and where there are changes to an existing design.

NOTE Testing of restrained joints on fittings is not required where the design is identical to the pipe.

(b) One joint from the diameter range DN 100 to DN 200, which shall qualify all joints of the same
design up to the joint size tested.

(c) One joint from the diameter range DN 225 to DN 375, which shall qualify all joints of the same
design up to the joint size tested.

(d) One joint from the diameter range DN 450 to DN 750, which shall qualify all joints of the same
design up to the joint size tested.
Testing at a particular pressure classification shall qualify joints of the same design for all pressure
classifications up to and including that tested. Joints shall also be rated according to the minimum
required pipe PN (i.e. minimum wall thickness). The spigot test pipe shall be internally machined
(where required), for the full circumference, from the spigot end to at least a point 25 mm past the
restraining location, to an average wall thickness of not more than 10 % or 0.5 mm (whichever is the
greater) above the specified minimum wall thickness of the pipe that is to be qualified.
NOTE For example, testing a DN 600 PN 35 joint qualifies all DN 450 to DN 600 joints, with pressure
classifications up to and including PN 35, of the same joint design.

4.2.4 Flanged joints on flanged pipe

Flanged pipe shall be hydrostatically type tested in accordance with Appendix F to demonstrate the
integrity of the flange attachment method. el) There shall be no leakage.@

4.2.5 Fittings design verification

Each fitting that has been designed in accordance with Clause 1.6.3.3, shall be type tested in accordance
with Appendix F to verify its classification.
NOTE Testing straight fittings is not required.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 20

Appendix A
(normative)

Product conformity evaluation

A.1 Scope
This Appendix sets out the minimum requirements for evaluating product conformity to this
Standard through -
(a) initial type testing; and
(b) sampling and testing frequency plan.

A.2 Relevance
The long-term performance of pipeline systems is critical to the operating efficiency of water agencies
in terms of operating licences and customer contracts
The long-term performance of plumbing systems is similarly critical to the durability of building
infrastructure, protection of public health and safety and protection of the environment.

A.3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this Appendix the terms and definitions below apply.
A.3.1
batch release test
BRT
test performed on a sample from the batch or lot, to confirm conformance to the requirements of this
Standard before the batch can be released
A.3.2
lot
clearly identifiable subdivision of a batch for inspection purposes
A.3.3
material batch
castings produced from each nodularizing treatment or where a manufacturer is able to demonstrate
process control, castings produced over a period of 2 h
A.3.4
production batch
castings of a particular pipe or fitting consecutively produced in a single, continuous and uninterrupted
production run
A.3.5
sample
one or more units of product drawn from batch or lot, selected at random without regard to quality
Note 1 to entry: The number of units of product in the sample is the sample size.

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 21 AS/NZS 2280:2020

A.3.6
sampling plan
specific plan that gives the number of samples and the frequency of inspection or testing
A.3.7
test piece
sample prepared for testing, taken from a test specimen by some mechanical operation
A.3.8
test sample
portion of material or a group of items selected from a batch or consignment by a sampling procedure
A.3.9
test specimen
portion of material or a single item taken from the test sample for the purpose of applying a
particular test
A.3.10
type test
TT
once only test, or series of tests, directed towards approval of a design, conducted to determine whether
a product is capable of meeting the requirements of this Standard

A.4 Minimum sampling and testing frequency plan

A.4.1 General

The minimum sampling and testing frequency plan shall be in accordance with Table A.4 for
demonstration of product conformance to this Standard.

A.4.2 Testing

Testing shall be conducted by a testing laboratory or facility conforming to AS ISO/IEC 17025.

NOTE AS ISO/IEC 17025 can apply to first-party (i.e. manufacturer or supplier) second-party (i.e. user or
purchaser) or third-party testing laboratories and facilities.

A.4.3 Retesting

In the event of a test failure, the products within the batch shall be 100 % tested and only those items
found to conform shall be claimed and/or marked as conforming to this Standard.

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Table A.4 - Minimum sampling and testing frequency plan

Characteristics Clause Requirement Test method Frequency

Type tests (TT)
Contact w ith drinking and
Material properties u recycled water
AS/NZS 4020 The lesser of -

(a) change in lining

composition; and
(b) 5 y
2.4.2 Liquid-applied coatings AS 1580.408.4 Change in materia l
composition
Change in material
2....1...2. Metallic zinc coatings ISO 8179-1
compos ition
2A....3. and Therma l-bonded polymeric Change in materia l
AS/NZS 4158
l.5.1: coating and lining compos ition
2.5.2 and Change in materia l
Cement mortar lining Appendix Q
2.5.3 composition
(a) Change in material
2.5.2 Seal coatings ISO 16132 a nd
composition; and
(b) For AS/NZS 4020,
AS/NZS 4020
not less tha n 5 y
Change in seal
2.6 Elastomeric seals AS 1646
composition
Change in gasket
ll Flange gaskets WSA 109
composition
2.5.2 and Clauses 2.5.2 and
Dimensions Cement mortar thickness Change in pipe design
2....5...3. 2....5...3.
3.1 Spigot and socket pipe Appendix E Change in design
.3...2. Flanged pipe Appendix E Change in design
Pipes with bolt-on puddle
.3.3. flange Appendix E Change in des ign

3.4 Fittings Appendix E Change in design

.3.....5...2 Elastomeric seal joints ~ Appendix E ~ Change in design
.3.....5...3. Flanged joints ~ Appendix E ~ Change in design
Performance 4.2.2 Elastomeric seal joints Appendix F Change in joint design
.12....3. Restrained joints Appendix E Change in joint design
4.2.4 Flanged pipe joints Appendix F Change in joint design
.1:2..5 Fittings design verification Appendix E Change in fitting design
Batch release tests (BRT)
Appendix Cand Each materia l batchb
Material properties 2.1.2 Tensile strength
AS 1391
Appendix C and
2.1.2 Elongation Each materia l batchb
AS 1391
Appendix Cand
2.1.3 Hardness Each materia l batchb
AS 1816.1
Each nodularizing
2.1.4 Microstructure AS 1831
treatment
AS/NZS 4158
2...4...3. a nd Thermal-bonded polymeric
AS/NZS 4158 Changes in material
2.5A coating and lining
compos ition

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 23 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Table A.4 (continued)

Characteristics Clause Requirement Test method Frequency

2.5.2 and Clauses 2.5.2 and Each pipea
Dimensions Cement morta r thickness
2.5.3 2.5.3
3.1.1 and
Wall thickness Ai:a:iendix E Each pipe and fittinga
3.4.1
l l l l and Mean outside dia meter of
Appendix E Each pipe and fittinga
3.4.2 spigot
One per production
3.1.2.2 Length (pipes) Appendix E
batcha
.3...1..2...3. Ovality (pipe) Appendix C Each pipea
One per production
ll.2.A Straightness (pipes) Cla11se 3.1.2.4:
batcha
3.5.2 Elastomeric seal joints Appendix E c Each pipe and fittinga
.3.....5.....3. Flanged joints Appendix E c Each pipe and fittinga
Performa nce 4.1.2 Hydrostatic tests - Pipes Clause 4.1.2 Each pipe
Hydrostatic tests - Fittings
il.J Cla11se 4:.1.3 Each fittinga
and flanged pipes
a Where process control can be demonstrated, the frequency of testing nominated in the manufacturer's
quality plan and/or documented procedures shall take precedence over these requirements.
b Clause C.2, Appendix C, provides a n alternative of both metallographic and chemical analysis from each
nodularizing treatment.
C Where equivalence can be demonstrated, go/no-go gauges and other verifiable methods may be used.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 24

Appendix B
(informative)

Purchasing guidelines

B.1 Scope
Joint Australian/New Zealand Standards are intended to include the technical provisions for the supply
of products referred to in a particular Standard but do not purport to comprise all the necessary
provisions of a contract. In a number of cases, a purchaser is either asked to state requirements or is
given a choice of optional requirements, and these are contractual matters to be agreed upon between
the purchaser and the manufacturer.
This Appendix contains detailed explanations, advice and recommendations on the information to be
supplied by the purchaser at the time of an enquiry or order, and by a manufacturer after an order has
been placed. Its aim is to avoid misunderstandings; doing so should result in the purchaser receiving
satisfactory products and service.

B.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser

B.2.1 Spigot and socket pipes

A purchaser should supply the following information at the time of calling for tenders or
quotations for pipes:
(a) Nominal size of pipe and pressure classification (see Clauses 1.6 and 1.7 and Appendix H).
(b) Required effective length of individual pipes (see Clause 3.1).
(c) Coating and lining required (see Clauses 2.4 and 2.,__5_).

B.2.2 Fittings and flanged pipe

A purchaser should supply the following information at the time of calling for tenders or quotations for
fittings and flanged pipe:
(a) Required nominal size, type of fitting and pressure classification (see Clauses 1.6 and 1.7 and
Appendix H).
(b) Pressure classification of flanges (see Clauses 3.2.2 and 3.5.3).
(c) Coating and lining required (see Clauses 2.4 and LS_).
(d) Alternative flanges, if required (see Clauses 3.2.2 and 3.5.3).
(e) Length and configuration of flanged pipes (see Clause 3.2).
(f) Position of any bolt on puddle flanges (see Clause 3.3).
(g) Material and outside diameter of pipe to be used with fittings.

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 25 AS/NZS 2280:2020

B.3 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer

B.3.1 Pipe manufacturer

Where requested by the purchaser, the pipe manufacturer should nominate the mass of the pipes.

B.3.2 Fitting manufacturer

Where requested by the purchaser, the following information should be provided by the fittings
manufacturer:
(a) Manufacturer's nominated mass of the specified fittings.
(b) For flanged pipes, the method of joining the flange to the pipe.
(c) Alternative effective lengths for fittings (see Clause 3.4.1).
(d) The minimum depth of entry for ductile iron fitting sockets (see Clause 3.5.2.2).

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 26

Appendix C
(normative)

Tensile properties and hardness tests

C.1 Test specimens

C.1.1 Pipes
A sample ring for the testing of tensile strength, elongation and hardness shall be cut from the spigot
end of a sample pipe. It shall be of sufficient width for preparation of the required test pieces, and
identified with the batch it represents. The specimen shall include a cylindrical section having a gauge
length of .3_,_5_ times its diameter and a diameter in the range 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm. The time of testing shall
be in the range 25 s to 60 s (approximately equivalent to a stress rate of 7 MPa/s to 20 MPa/s).
The test piece used for the hardness test shall be from an adjacent section of the same ring as that used
for the tensile strength properties tests.

C.1.2 Fittings
Fittings test bars shall be separate castings poured into sand moulds from the same iron as the castings
they represent and shall be the last metal poured from the batch ladle used to produce those fittings. If
a casting is subjected to heat treatment, the sample shall be subjected to the same heat treatment.
A test piece shall be machined from the cast test bar to the dimensions specified for the tensile strength
and elongation tests.
Hardness testing shall be carried out on the same cast test bar from which the test piece has
been machined.

C.2 Batch release testing

C.2.1 Frequency
One tensile strength and elongation test and one Brinell hardness test shall be performed on each
material batch.
Alternatively, castings may be cleared, based on satisfactory metallography and chemical results
taken from each nodularizing treatment. Tensile strength, elongation and hardness tests shall be
performed for each 2 h of production. Routine metallographic and chemical analysis of metal from each
nodularizing treatment, referenced to comparator samples having known and verifiable properties,
shall be a minimum requirement. Where the product is to be heat treated, non-destructive mechanical
testing of the heat-treated product shall be performed to ensure acceptable microstructure.

C.2.2 Retesting
If a test piece fails to pass a specified test, the test shall be repeated on test pieces taken from two
further pipes representative of the batch, or two further test pieces representative of the same batch
of fittings.
Should either of the retest pieces fail to pass the test, the batch represented by the test specimens from
which the test pieces were taken shall be deemed not to conform to this Standard.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 27 AS/NZS 2280:2020

If any retest piece fails because of an obvious casting defect in the test piece, another test piece from the
test specimen or a test piece cut from a pipe or fitting from the same batch shall be obtained and tested.
If this retest piece fails to pass the test, the batch represented by the test pieces shall be deemed not to
conform to this Standard.
NOTE Manufacturers making a statement of conformance to this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a
product, packaging or promotional material related to that product, are advised to ensure that such conformance
is capable of being verified.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 28

Appendix D
(normative)

Cement mortar lining

D.1 Materials
The materials used for cement mortar linings shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
(a) Aggregates - Aggregates shall be fine aggregate conforming to AS 2758.1.
(b) Cement- Cement shall be as specified in Clause 2.5.2 or L53.
(c) Water - Water shall be taken from a potable water supply or from recirculated process
water. 15) Where recycled water is used, the water shall be as specified in Table 0.1. (g
(d) Admixtures- Where admixtures are used, they shall not be deleterious to the cement mortar
properties or the internal surface of the ductile iron pipe.

Table D.1 - Quality of recirculated process water

Water quality indicator Limit on concentration Test method APHA
Total dissolved solids 5 3000 mg/ L Part 2540
Chloride, Cl- 5 500 mg/L Part 4500-Cl-
Sulfate, SO 4 2- 5 800 mg/ L Pa rt 4500-SO 4 2-
Sodium, Na + 5 300 mg/ L Pa rt 3500-Na
Oil and grea se 5 SO mg/ L Part 5520
pH > 5.0 Part 4500-H+

D.2 Proportioning of materials

Materials shall be proportioned as follows:
(a) Aggregate cement ratio - The ratio of saturated surface dry aggregate to cement shall not
exceed 2:1 by mass.
(b) Water content - The water content shall be the least that will produce a mix of appropriate
consistency for the lining method being used. Any excess water shall be removed during the
lining process.

D.3 Measurement and mixing of materials

The proportions of aggregate and cement shall be measured by mass. Where proportioning is by
volume, the volume proportions shall be determined by measurement of mass. Account shall be taken
of the moisture content of the aggregate when calculating the required amount of mixing water.

© Standards Aus tralia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 29 AS/NZS 2280:2020

D.4 Pipe surface

The surface onto which the lining is to be applied shall be free from all loose material and oil or grease.

D.5 Application
The mortar shall be applied to the pipe by a centrifugal process combining high speed spinning,
producing a radial acceleration of not less than 40 g, where -
radial acceleration= 0.204n2Dw2, in gravities
where

D = mean outside diameter of pipe, in metres

w = spinning speed, in revolutions per second

The consistency of the mortar mix and the speed and duration of the spinning shall be such
that the mortar remains in contact with the pipe surface after application.
The entire quantity of mortar necessary to complete the lining of the pipe shall be placed in
one layer. Water centrifuged from the mortar shall be removed.
NOTE Other methods of application may be approved by the purchaser.

D.6 Thickness
The thickness oflinings shall be as given in Table 2.5.2.

D.7 Finish
The cement mortar lining shall have a smooth surface, free from major surface irregularities. Any
laitance layer that can be readily removed, after the lining is cured, by scraping with a knife or blade
shall not exceed 10 % of the thickness of the lining.
The inside of the sockets and faces of flanges shall be free from cement mortar.
Egg-shelling shall not be deemed to be a defect.
NOTE Laitance may sometimes exhibit egg-shelling when calcium aluminate cement mortar is used. This is a
superficial aesthetic effect only, which does not affect the performance of the mortar.

D.8 Repair of defects

Voids, sand and clay pockets, blisters, and areas that are thin or drummy, excessively cracked or not
in contact with the surface of the pipe or fitting shall be regarded as defects. Cracks, into which a 0.8
mm thick flat metal feeler gauge can be inserted to a depth greater than half the thickness of the lining,
shall be regarded as defects. Superficial cracks shall not be regarded as defects.
Defects shall be repaired as soon as practicable and to the full thickness of the lining by hand trowelling,
except for cracks that can be repaired by other methods approved by the purchaser.
NOTE Experience has shown that minor cracks in cement mortar linings will close on continuous exposure to
water and that they will substantially heal by an autogenous healing process.

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AS/NZS 2280:2020 30

D. 9 Curing of cement mortar linings

After lining, the pipe shall be transferred to a curing area in such a manner as to prevent damage to the
lining, and shall remain undisturbed for a minimum period of 24 h if ambient cured and 6 h at ::: 60 °c
(or time/temperature equivalent) if steam cured.
Curing of the lining shall be conducted under conditions that will produce a fully hydrated cement
mortar lining.
During the curing period, the temperature of the pipe shall not fall below 0 °C for a period in excess of 2 h.

D.10 Relining
Where a pipe is incorrectly lined and the lining is not repairable, the lining shall be completely removed
and the pipe relined.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 31 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Appendix E
(normative)

Determination of pipes and fitting dimensions

E.1 General
This Appendix sets out a method for determining the dimensions of ductile iron pipes and fittings, that
is, outside diameter, wall thickness, length, straightness, and squareness of pipe ends, and depth, mouth
diameter and root diameter of sockets.

Other methods, which can be shown to provide an accuracy of the same or higher degree, may be used.
In the event of a dispute, this method shall be considered the reference test method.

E.2 Relevance of test

The dimensions of pipes and fittings are specified in the body of the Standard. This Appendix sets out
procedures for determining the dimensions in a consistent manner.

E.3 Apparatus
Measurements shall be made with the following apparatus:
(a) Diameter tape.
(b) External micrometer - having a fixed spherical end of radius not less than 2 mm and providing
an accuracy to within ±0.02 mm.

(c) Internal micrometer or telescopic gauge - accurate to within ±0.02 mm.

(d) Micrometer.
(e) Steel tape.
(f) Vernier callipers - accurate to within ±0.02 mm.
(g) Vernier depth gauge - accurate to ±0.1 mm to measure socket length.
Other suitable instruments, which can be shown to provide an accuracy of the same or higher degree,
may be used.

E.4 Conditioning
Measurements may be taken at ambient temperature and dimensions adjusted to equivalent
dimensions at 20 °c.

Reference specimens shall be conditioned at 20 °c ± 2°c for a period of not less than 2 h in either air or
water, immediately prior to measurement.

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 32

E.5 Outside diameter

E.5.1 Maximum and minimum outside diameters and ovality

The procedure shall be as follows:
(a) Using the micrometer or vernier callipers, take a continuous series of diameter measurements
on the same cross-section at right angles to the axis of the pipe or fitting. For pipes or fittings
of nominal outside diameter 150 mm or larger, measurements of mean outside diameter may
be made using a diameter tape.
(b) Determine and record the maximum and minimum outside diameters obtained. Values shall
be rounded off to the nearest 1 mm.

E.5.2 Mean outside diameter

Calculate and record the mean of the two measurements determined in Clause E.5.l(b) or the direct
measurement of mean outside diameter made using the diameter tape. Values shall be rounded off to
the nearest 1 mm.

E.5.3 Out-of-roundness ( ovality)

Calculate and record the out-of-roundness as the difference between the maximum outside diameter
and the minimum outside diameter.

E.6 Metal wall thicknesses

E.6.1 Minimum metal wall thickness

The procedure for determining minimum wall thicknesses (a) shall be as follows:
(a) Using a micrometer, or other verifiable method, take a series of wall thickness measurements
around the circumference, at right angles to the axis of the pipe or fitting.
(b) Determine and record the minimum wall thickness. Values shall be rounded down to the
nearest 0.1 mm for pipe, and to the nearest 1 mm for fittings.

E.6.2 Average wall thickness

Where required, the average wall thickness shall be calculated by calculating the arithmetic mean of
six measurements taken at approximately equal spacing around the pipe circumference, including the
minimum and maximum wall thickness from Clause E.6.l(a).

E. 7 Effective pipe length

The procedure shall be as follows:
(a) Measure the overall length of the pipe along a line parallel to the pipe axis using a steel tape,
or other verifiable method.
(b) Measure from the socket mouth to the socket root of the pipe (i.e. socket depth).
(c) Calculate the effective length by subtracting the socket depth from the overall pipe length.
Record the value to the nearest 10 mm.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 33 AS/NZS 2280:2020

E.8 Depth of entry for a socket

The depth of entry for a particular socket shall be measured by either of the following two methods:
(a) Method 1, as follows:
(i) Place the elastomeric seal in a socket.
(ii) Measure the distance from the end of the seal to the base of the socket with the seal
in its free state as shown in Figure E.8(A).
(iii) The effective depth of entry shall be the distance measured.
(b) Method 2, as follows:
(i) Prepare a chamfer on a pipe of compatible outside diameter to the socket joint.
(ii) Drill a hole approximately 2 mm diameter at a distance 30 mm from the
chamfered end.
(iii) Make the joint, ensuring the pipe is fully inserted into the socket, and mark the pipe
at its intersection with the socket face.
(iv) Install appropriate blanking fittings and restraints, then apply a minimum
hydrostatic pressure of 500 kPa.
(v) Withdraw the pipe from the socket until leakage through the hole is observed.
(vi) Mark the pipe at its intersection with the socket face.
(vii) The effective depth of entry shall be the distance between the two marks on the
pipe plus 30 mm as shown in Figure E.8(8).

I. Depth of entry • I
Figure E.8(A) - Depth of entry - Seal in free state - Method 1

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 34

Dimensions in millimetres

I I
11

Mark
.I I. 30

30

Depth of entry = Lw + 30

fI I• Lw •I
I !! ~
-1 1- 30

Figure E.8(8) - Depth of entry - Method 2

E.9 Report
The following information shall be reported:

(a) Pressure classification, nominal outside or inside diameter, production date and place of
manufacture of the pipe or fitting tested.

(b) Measurement apparatus used.

(c) Maximum outside diameter, including ovality.

(d) Minimum outside diameter, including ovality.

(e) Mean outside diameter.

(f) Minimum wall thickness.

(g) Maximum wall thickness.

(h) Average wall thickness where required.

(i) Overall length, in metres.

(j) Effective length, in metres.

(k) Depth of entry of elastomeric seal socket, as appropriate.

(I) Reference to this method, i.e. Appendix E. AS/NZS 2280.

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

 35 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Appendix F
(normative)

Type tests

F.1 Scope
This Appendix sets out the methods for carrying out hydrostatic type tests to demonstrate the leak-
tightness of elastomeric seal joints, flanged pipe joints and fittings design.

F.2 Elastomeric seal and restrained joints

F.2.1 Tests
When subjected to the following tests, the joints shall exhibit no leakage:
(a) A positive internal joint hydrostatic pressure test, with the joint subjected to the
manufacturer's recommended maximum deflection angle (but for elastomeric seal joints not
less than the deflections given in Table 3.5.2.3), and at a test pressure not less than 1.3 times
the allowable operating pressure (AOP) of the joint.
(b) A positive internal joint hydrostatic pressure test, with the joint subjected to an applied load,
and a test pressure not less than 1.3 times the allowable operating pressure (AOP) of the joint.
(c) A negative internal pressure (infiltration) test, with the joint subjected to the manufacturer's
recommended maximum deflection angle, and a test pressure of 80 kPa to 85 kPa.
(d) A negative internal pressure (infiltration) test, with the joint subjected to an applied load, and
a test pressure of 80 kPa to 85 kPa.
All four tests shall be carried out in the configuration of maximum design radial gap, or annulus,
between the components to be jointed (i.e. smallest spigot together with largest socket) with a tolerance
in the annular gap between the joint sealing surfaces of+ 0, - 5 %. The critical internal socket surfaces
may be machined to meet this requirement. The external spigot surface of ductile iron pipe shall not be
machined (see Note).
Restrained joint tests shall be done with the spigot pipe at the minimum wall thickness to be used with
the joint during service. This may be achieved by internally machining the spigot ductile iron pipe in
the sealing region. The external spigot surface of ductile iron pipe shall not be machined (see Note).
NOTE For plastics spigot pipe, the external surface may be machined, provided it is finished to a smooth surface.

When testing DI pipe joints, all tests shall utilize DI pipe.

When testing DIOD or Series 2 PVC compatible fittings joints, the tests specified in Items (a) and (b) shall
utilize DI pipe, while those specified in Items (c) and (d) shall utilize PVC pipe of the lowest stiffness for
which the joint is to be qualified.
When testing Series 1 PVC compatible fittings joints, the tests specified in Items (a) and (b) shall utilize
the highest PN rated PVC pipe for which the joint is to be qualified, while those specified in Items (c) and
(d) shall utilize PVC pipe of the lowest stiffness for which the joint is to be qualified.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 36

F.2.2 Procedures

F.2.2.1 Joint hydrostatic type tests

The joint hydrostatic type test shall be carried out on an assembled joint comprising two pipe sections,
each at least 1 m long, as shown in Figure F.2.2.1 (see Note 1).
The test apparatus shall be capable of providing suitable end and lateral restraints whether the joint
is in the aligned position, or deflected or subjected to shear load. It shall be equipped with a pressure
gauge conforming to the installation, sensitivity and accuracy requirements of AS 1349 for test gauges.
For tests of Clauses F.2.2.l(b) and F.2.2.l(d), the shear load shall be applied prior to pressurization.
The test assembly shall be filled with water and suitably vented of air. The pressure shall be raised
steadily until it reaches the specified test pressure. The test pressure shall be kept constant within ±
2 % for at least 2 h. The test shall begin at a temperature between 15 °C and 25 °C.
NOTE 1 Where a fitting socket is to be tested, the spigot-to-socket pipe piece should be replaced with an
appropriate fitting such as a flange-to-socket connector.

NOTE 2 All necessary safety precautions should be taken for the duration of the pressure test.
w w

The difference between X1 and X2 shall not exceed 50 mm. The end restraints, shown as R, shall be deleted
for restrained joint tests.

Figure F.2.2.1 - Arrangement for elastomeric and restrained joint hydrostatic type tests

F.2.2.2 Joint infiltration type tests

The test assembly, apparatus and conditions shall be as given in Clause F.2.2.1 with the pipe sections
axially restrained to prevent them moving towards each other.
The test assembly shall be empty of water and shall be evacuated to a negative internal pressure of
80 kPa to 85 kPa and then isolated from the device used to evacuate the assembly. The test assembly
shall be left under vacuum for at least 2 h, at the end of which time the vacuum shall not have changed
by more than 10 % of the test value. The test shall begin at a temperature between 10 °C and 30 °C. The
temperature shall not change by more than 5 °C during the test.

F.2.3 DI pipe and fitting joints with DI pipes

The average wall thickness of the tested pipe shall not exceed the nominal wall thickness.
NOTE The test may be carried out with the cement mortar lining in place.

To effect a shear load, a vertical force (W) shall be applied to the spigot end by means of a V-shaped
block with an angle of 120°, located at approximately 0.5 ON (in millimetres), or 200 mm, from the

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

 37 AS/NZS 2280:2020

socket face, whichever is the largest. The socket shall bear on a flat support. The vertical force (W) to be
applied shall be determined from the following equation:

W = -'-(F_x_b_-_0._5_x_M_x_b-'-) F.2.3
(b-a)

where

W = applied vertical force, in newtons

(a and bas shown in Figure F.2.2.1, in millimetres)

F = Y x DN, in newtons

Y = 1.5 PN with a minimum value of 30 and a maximum value of 50

M = weight of the spigot pipe and its contents, in newtons

F.2.4 DI fittings sockets with PVC pipes

To effect a load, a vertical force (W) shall be applied to the spigot end by means of a 150 mm wide flat
plate located at a distance approximately 1 ON (in millimetres) from the socket face. The spigot shall
be supported by a 150 mm wide flat plate positioned at the same distance from the socket face as the
loadbearing plate. The vertical force (W) shall be applied until a diametral deflection of 5 % is achieved.

F.3 Flanged joints on flanged pipe

A hydrostatic pressure test shall be carried out on the flanged pipe in accordance with the arrangement
given in Figure F.3, at 1.3 times the AOP given in Clause 1.7.
Dimensions in metres
14.80

3.4 4.0 4.0 3.4

Blank
flange Blank
flange

Figure F.3 - Arrangement for flanged pipe hydrostatic type tests

F.4 Fittings - Design verification

Diametral measurements shall be undertaken at the locations of highest stress on the fitting. identified
by the design. A hydrostatic pressure test shall be carried out on each fitting at a test pressure not less
than 2 times the AOP for a period not less than 2 h. Measurements shall be undertaken at the same
locations on the fitting after completion of the hydrostatic pressure test. There shall be no permanent
deformation or distortion of the fitting. All measurements shall be recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm with
a level of measurement error of 0.1 %.

NOTE Other verifiable methods of measuring distortion may be used.

15) [Text deleted]~

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 38

F.5 Test reports

Test reports shall include the following information (where applicable):
(a) Complete identification of the spigot, socket, flanged pipe and gasket(s) including diameters,
pressure classification, coatings, linings, etc.

(b) Test pressures at the beginning and end of the test.

(c) Values for a, b, Y, F, Wand M (Clause F.2.3).
(d) Diametral deflection (Clause F.2.4).
(e) Pipe/set-up lengths (Clauses F.2.2.1 and .E..4).
(f) The measured average spigot width (and corresponding pipe pressure classification) for
restrained joints (Clause 4.2.3 and Clause F.2.3).
(g) Pipe and joint rated pressures demonstrated by the test(s).

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

 39 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Appendix G
(informative)

Symbols for pipes and fittings

The symbols shown in Table G.1 indicate the recommended combination of ends for pipes and fittings.
Additional notes may be added to a symbol to denote the nominal sizes, deflection angle of bends, and
similar information.

Table G.1 - Symbols

Reference
Description Symbol
Annendix H
Socket Eigure H l (pipe socket)
C
Spigot Eigure H.1 (pipe)
-
Figure H.17 (fittings)
Bends Eigures H 2. li..3., H..ll ~ ~ ~
Caps Eigure H 5 )J
Connectors Eigure H :1:
~ I=>-)::::( I I
Pretapped Eigure HA ~ ~ ):::g:( ~
connector
Plugs Figure H.6 C
Risers - Hydrant Eigure H 7 II
Tapers Eigures H 8 a nd H..15.
{>- ~ J>l -t>, ~ J>(
Tees - Air valve, Figures H.9 and H.10
) T ) TH T T
hydra nt and scour
Tees Figures H.11, H.12 , H.13 a nd
H.16
AV

P---1 ~
AV

)I( ..I..
H

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 40

Appendix H
(normative)

Dimensions of pipes and fittings

Dimensions and tolerances for spigot and socket pipe and flanged pipe shall be in accordance with
Figure H.1 and Table H.1 .
Dimensions and tolerances for bends (socket/socket) (common use fittings), sizes ON 100 and ON 150,
shall be in accordance with Figure H.2 and Table H.2
Dimensions for bends (socket/socket) (common use fittings), sizes ON 200 to ON 750, shall be in
accordance with Figure H.3 and Table H.3.
Dimensions and tolerances for connectors (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with Figure H.4
and Table H.4.
Dimensions for caps (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with Figure H.5 and Table H.5.
Dimensions for plugs (common use fittings), sizes DN100 to ON 750, shall be in accordance with
Figure H.6 and Tables H.6(A) and H.6(B) as applicable.
Dimensions for hydrant risers (common use fittings), sizes ON 80 and ON 100, shall be accordance with
Figure H.7 and Table H.7.
Dimensions for tapers (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with Figure H.8 and Table H.8.
Dimensions for tees, air valve and hydrant (socket/spigot/flange), shall be in accordance with Figure H.9
and Table H.9.
Dimensions for tees scour (socket/socket/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with
Figure H.10 and Table H.10.
Dimensions for tees (socket/socket/socket) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with
Figure H.11 and Table H.11.
Dimensions for tees (socket/socket/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with
Figure H.12 and Table H.12.
Dimensions for tees (spigot/spigot/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with
Figure H.13 and Table H.13.
Dimensions for bends (flange/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with Figure H.14
and Table H.14.
Dimensions for tapers (flange/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with Figure H.15
and Table H.15.

Dimensions for tees (flange/flange/flange) (common use fittings) shall be in accordance with
Figure H.16 and Table H.16.
Spigot details for fittings shall be in accordance with Figure H.17 and Table H.17.
Dimensions for typical bolt-on puddle flange on pipe shall be in accordance with Figure H.18
and Table H.18.
Dimensions for jointing lug shall be in accordance with Figure H.19 and Table H.19.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 41 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Dimensions for thrust pad shall be in accordance with Figure H.20 and Table H.20.
Strengthening details for large diameter tees shall be in accordance with Figure H.21 and Table H.21.

£ ~r----------- 31
a~ 1_ L_im
__ _ i_t _fo
_ r_ m_e_a_s_u_ri_n_
g _t o
_ l_e_ra
_ n_ c_e_ o_n _0_y_ _ _,

E ffective length

(a) Spigot and socket p ipe

r
7 0y

r - = = = = = = = = = = = = = = : : : : :i= = 1 _J
(. Up to 5.85 m aJ .\.I
(b) Flanged pipe

Figure H.1 - Dimensions and tolerances for spigot and socket pipe and flanged pipe

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

@
Vl
liJ
::l
0.
"'0.
'"1
Vl
Norn. size
Norn. wall
PN20
Table H.1 - Dimensions and tolerances for spigot and socket pipe and flanged pipe

Min. wall Norn. wall

PN35
Min. wall Norn. wall
FLCL
Min. wall
Mean
outside
Allowable
ovality
-
►
Vl

zN
Vl
N
N
► thickness thickness thickness thickness thickness thickness diameter (see Note 2) 00
C 0
Vl
rt
(t) (a) (t) (a) (t) (a) (y) N
~ 0
ii," mm mm N
r
ON mm mm mm mm mm mm 0

~:
(1)
100 - - 4.9 3.5 7.4 6.0 122 +1, -2 4
0. 150 - - 5.0 3.5 7.5 6.0 177 +1, -2 5
Vl
-----
rt
200 - - 5.0 3.5 8.5 7.0 232 +1, -2 7
"'::l0.
225 4.5 3.0 5.0 3.5 8.5 7.0 259 +1, -2 8
"'a
Vl
250 4.6 3.0 5.2 3.6 9.6 8.0 286 +1, -2 9
z
(1)

:E 300 4.6 3.0 5.9 4.3 9.6 8.0 345 +1, -2 10

N
(1)
375 4.8 3.1 7.0 5.3 10.7 9.0 426 ± 2 12
"'iii"
::l
0.
450 5.4 3.6 8.1 6.3 11.8 10.0 507 ± 2 15
N
0 500 5.8 4.0 8.8 7.0 11.8 10.0 560 ± 2 15
N
0
600 6.7 4.8 10.2 8.3 12.9 11.0 667 ± 2 15
750 8.0 5.9 12.3 10.2 15.1 13.0 826 ± 2 15
~
N
Minimum wall thickness for other pressure classifications shall be in accordance with Clause 1.6.2. All pipes~ DN 300 shall be suitable for cutting and shall have
a limit of 3.5 m. For pipes above DN 300, 1 % of pipes supplied in an order shall be suitable for cutting w ith a limit of 3.5 m. Such pipes shall be marked with the
words "Suitable for cutting". Pipes cut beyond limits of tolerance may require machining or dressing for satisfactory jointing.
NOTEl Ovality is the difference between major and minor axes.
NOTE2 The Standard classifications are shown. Other classifications may be used.
NOTE3 Refer to Clause l 6 1 for classification of flanged pipe.
 43 AS/ NZS 2280:2020

b a

,A
<

(a) 90 ° be nd ( b) 45° b e n d

0
(c) 22½ bend (d) 11 ¼ 0
ben d

~
Sym bo l

Figure H.2 - Common use fittings - Bends (socket/socket) sizes DN 100 and DN 150

Table H.2 - Common use fittings - Bends (socket/socket) sizes DN 100 and DN 150
Nominal size PN 16 PN 20 PN35 b,mm
a a a r Angle of bend, degrees
DN mm mm mm mm 90 45 22½ 11 ¼
100 5 5 8 152 165 80 45 30
150 5 6 9 190 205 95 55 35
Mini mum wall thickness for other pressure classifications sha ll be in accordance w ith Clause 1.6.3.
NOTE 1 For det a ils of dimension/a nd socket profile, refer to ma nufacturer.
NOTE 2 For det ails of thrust pads, see Figure H.20 a nd Table H.20 (thrust pads a r e not required on
11 ¼ ben ds).
0

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 44

b a

,A
<

(a) 90 ° bend (b) 45° bend

(c) 22 ½ bend
0
(d) 11 ¼ bend
0

~
Symbol

Figure H.3 - Common use fittings - Bends (socket/socket) sizes DN 200 to DN 750

Table H.3 - Common use fittings - Bends (socket/socket) sizes DN 200 to DN 750
Nominal
PN 16 PN20 PN 35 b,mm
size
a a a r Angle of bend, degrees
DN mm mm mm mm 90 45 22 ½ 11¼
200 5 6 10 203 220 100 55 35
225 5 6 10 229 250 115 65 45
250 5 6 10 254 275 125 70 45
300 6 7 11 305 325 145 80 50
375 6 8 12 381 405 185 100 65
450 7 8 13 457 480 215 115 70
500 7 9 14 508 535 235 125 75
600 8 9 15 610 635 280 145 85
750 9 11 18 765 795 345 180 105
Minimum wall thickness for other pressure classifications shall be in accordance with Clause 1 6 3.
NOTE 1 For details of dimension/ and socket profile, refer to manufacturer.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 45 AS/NZS 2280:2 020

(a) F lange socket (b) Flange sp i got

Symbol ~ Symbol f-
~
L 2 (max .) •
L 3 (min.)

SECTION A-A
(c) Socket socket (d) Pre -tapped
Service connection to
S y m boI ):::::( Symbols ~ ):g::( ma n ufacturer's design

Figure H.4 - Common use fittings - Conne ctors

Table H.4 - Common use fittings - Connectors

Nom inal PN 16 PN 20 PN 35
size a a a C L1 Lz (max.) L3 (min.)
DN mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 5 5 8 110 205 200 100
150 5 6 9 135 205 200 100
200 5 6 10 135 230 200 100
225 5 6 10 155 230 200 100
250 5 6 10 155 230 200 100
300 6 7 11 170 255 200 100
375 6 8 12 190 280 - -
450 7 8 13 200 280 - -
500 7 9 14 215 305 - -
525 7 9 14 - 305 - -
600 8 9 15 230 330 - -
750 9 11 18 250 370 - -

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 46

Table H.4 (continued)

~ Minimum wall thickness for other pressure classifications shall be in accordance

with Clause 1.6.3. Pre-tapped connectors shall be designed to provide 1 to 4 parallel
(Rp) threaded outlets in accordance with AS ISO 7.1 without compromising the coating
integrity on the internal wetted surface of the fitting. See Clause 2.5.4. Copper alloy
plugs shall be dezincification resistant in accordance with AS 2345. ~
NOTE 1 For details of spigots, see Figure H.17 and Table H.17.
NOTE 2 For details of flanges, see AS/NZS 4087:2011.
NOTE 3 For details of dimension/ and socket profile, refer to manufacturer.
NOTE 4 Sealing tape, etc. should be used to ensure the joint does not leak.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 47 AS/NZS 2280:2020

,------------- ------------------
r------------- -------------------
/

'
I
l
I\
1\ I
~ \ I
/, \ I
I >, \ I
I /\ \ I
I I \ \ I
I I \ \ ------------+
I I \ \ I
I I \ \ I
I I I l I
I I I I I
I I I I I
I I I I I
I I I f I
I \ / I I
I \ / I I
I • • I I
..' --.~/
·~ ," -----------
·---------- -------------------
____________________/4

Symbol y
Figure H.5 - Common use fittings - Caps

Table H.5 - Common use fittings - Caps

PN 35
Nominal size
t
DN mm
100 18
150 18
200 18
225 19
250 20
300 23
375 25
450 26
500 27
600 30
750 33
NOTE 1 Dimension t ass umes the cap will be uniformly
s upported over the full a rea of the flat blank end.
NOTE 2 For details of dimens ion/ and socket profile, refer
to manufacturer.

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 48

,is_: l
L

n== ,_ _
La
_: : - -
- 1· 1 •
- - m.
,.. _______ .-_

A
/ i\
0LL
C 0Y --- __t ,:ttr 11 1,
\I It
,-- -- -- - - _/-....~:_-_-_--;:.~::
,..I ____ ... ,

Symbol

(a) Size DN 100 to DN 300

L

::::J
Symbol

(b) Size DN 375 to DN 750

Figure H.6 - Common use fittings - Plugs

Table H.6(A) - Common use fittings - Plugs - DN 100 to DN 300

Nominal PN 16 PNZO PN 35
size a a a C L t y

DN mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 5 5 8 150 120 18 122
150 5 6 9 200 120 18 177
200 5 6 10 260 130 18 232
225 5 6 10 285 130 19 259
250 5 6 10 315 130 20 286
300 6 7 11 370 130 23 345
Minimum wall thickness for other pressure classifications shall be in accordance
w ith Clause 1.6.3.
NOTE For details of spigots, see Fi~ure H.17 and Table H.17

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 49 AS/ NZS 2280 :2020

Table H.6(8) - Common use fittings - Plugs - DN 375 to DN 750

PN 16 PN20 PN 3 5
Nominal size y K andR
a a a C L t
DN mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
375 6 8 12 465 165 25 426 345
450 7 8 13 545 165 26 507 42 0
500 7 9 14 600 165 27 560 460
600 8 9 15 705 165 30 667 565
750 9 11 18 870 195 33 826 720
Minimum wall thickness for other press ure classifications shall in accordance w ith Clause 1 6 3.
NOTE For details of spigots, see Eigure H l Z and Iable H l Z.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 50

0y'

Hub at back of flange

not required on DN 80
flange

F lange holes slotted to

outside edge on one
end for hydrant risers
100 mm long only

Symbol II
Figure H.7 - Common use fittings - Risers (hydrant) sizes DN 80 and DN 100

Table H.7 - Common use fittings - Risers (hydrant) sizes DN 80 and DN 100
PN 16 PN35 Available lengths
Nominal size
a a L
DN mm mm mm
80 5 8 100, 150, 225, 300,
100 5 8 375,450,525,600

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 51 AS/ NZS 2280:2020

Sy m bol ):>,< Sy m bol ):>,I

(a) Socke t s ocket (b) Socket fl ange

Figure H.8 - Common use fittings - Tapers

Table H.8 - Common use fittings - Tapers

PN 16 PN 16 PN20 PN20 PN 35 PN35
Nominal size
ao ad ao ad ao ad L1 Lz
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 80 5 5 5 5 8 8 105 125
150 80 5 5 6 5 9 8 230 250
150 100 5 5 6 5 9 8 170 190
200 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 29 5 315
200 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 170 200
225 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 365 385
225 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 235 270
225 200 5 5 6 6 10 10 110 155
250 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 425 445
250 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 300 330
250 200 5 5 6 6 10 10 175 215
250 225 5 5 6 6 10 10 115 160
300 100 6 5 7 5 11 8 555 575
300 150 6 5 7 6 11 9 425 460
300 200 6 5 7 6 11 10 300 345
300 225 6 5 7 6 11 10 240 290
300 250 6 5 7 6 11 10 180 225
375 200 6 5 8 6 12 10 495 540
375 225 6 5 8 6 12 10 435 485
375 250 6 5 8 6 12 10 375 420
375 300 6 6 8 7 12 11 245 305
450 250 7 5 8 6 13 10 565 610
450 300 7 6 8 7 13 11 435 495
450 375 7 6 8 8 13 12 250 310
500 250 7 5 9 6 14 10 690 740
500 300 7 6 9 7 14 11 565 620

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :2020 52

T able H.8 (continued)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 20 PN20 PN 35 PN 35
Nominal size
ao Ud ao Ud ao Ud L1 Lz
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
500 375 7 6 9 8 14 12 380 440
500 450 7 7 9 8 14 13 190 255
600 300 8 6 9 7 15 11 8 20 875
600 375 8 6 9 8 15 12 635 690
600 450 8 7 9 8 15 13 440 510
600 500 8 7 9 8 15 14 315 400
750 375 9 6 11 8 18 12 1020 1080
750 450 9 7 11 8 18 13 830 895
750 500 9 7 11 9 18 14 700 785
750 600 9 8 11 9 18 15 445 540
Minimum w all t hickness for other pressure classifications shall be in accordance w ith Clause 1 6 3.
NOTE 1 For details of flanges, see AS/ NZS 4087:2011.
NOTE 2 For details of dimension f and socket profile, r efer to manufacturer.

© Standards Aus tralia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 53 AS/NZS 2280:2020

DETAIL 1

Symbol * *
Figure H.9 - Common use fittings - Tees - Air valve and hydrant (socket/spigot/flange)

Table H.9 - Common use fittings - Tees - Air valve and hydrant (socket/spigot/flange)
PN 16 PN 16 PN 35 PN35
Nominal size
a a1 a a1 C h L
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 80 5 5 8 8 105 195 310
100 100 5 5 8 8 115 195 335
150 80 5 5 9 8 105 225 310
150 100 5 5 9 8 115 225 335
200 80 5 5 10 8 105 250 325
200 100 5 5 10 8 115 250 345
225 80 5 5 10 8 110 265 330
225 100 5 5 10 8 120 265 350
250 80 5 5 10 8 110 280 330
250 100 5 5 10 8 120 280 350
300 80 6 5 11 8 110 310 330
300 100 6 5 11 8 120 310 350
375 80 6 5 12 8 115 350 360
375 100 6 5 12 8 125 350 380
450 80 7 5 13 8 115 390 360
450 100 7 5 13 8 125 390 380
500 80 7 5 14 8 115 415 360
500 100 7 5 14 8 125 415 380
600 80 8 5 15 8 115 470 360
600 100 8 5 15 8 125 470 380
750 100 9 5 18 8 130 550 415
NOTE 1 No hub required at back of flange on the branch.
NOTE 2 For details of fla nge a nd spigot, see AS/NZS 4087:2011, Figure H.17 and Table H 17.
NOTE 3 For details of dimension/ a nd socket profile, refer to ma nufacturer.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 54

r = 38

DETAIL 1

Symbol )--f--c
Figure H.10 - Common use fittings -Tees - Scour (socket/socket/flange)

Table H.10 - Common use fittings -Tees - Scour (socket/socket/flange)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 35 PN 35
Nominal size
a a1 a a1 h L
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm
150 80 5 5 9 8 225 210
200 80 5 5 10 8 250 210
225 100 5 5 10 8 265 240
250 100 5 5 10 8 280 240
300 100 6 5 11 8 310 240
375 150 6 5 12 9 375 310
450 150 7 5 13 9 415 310
500 150 7 5 14 9 440 310
600 150 8 5 15 9 495 310
750 200 9 5 18 10 575 370
NOTE 1 For details of fla nges, see AS/NZS 4087:2011.
NOTE 2 For details of dimens ion f and socket profile, refer to manufacturer.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 55 AS/NZS 2280:2020

See Detail 1

h DETAIL 1
I
L ---t---a-
I

L
2
L

S y mbol

Figure H.11 - Common use fittings - Tees (socket/socket/socket)

Table H.11 - Common use fittings - Tees (socket/socket/socket)

PN 16 PN 16 PN20 PN20 PN 35 PN 35
Nominal size
a a a a1 a a1 h L r
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 100 5 5 5 5 8 8 115 230 38
150 100 5 5 6 5 9 8 145 230 38
150 150 5 5 6 6 9 9 145 290 38
200 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 170 230 38
200 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 170 290 38
200 200 5 5 6 6 10 10 170 340 38
225 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 185 240 38
225 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 185 300 38
225 200 5 5 6 6 10 10 185 350 38
225 225 5 5 6 6 10 10 190 380 38
250 100 5 5 6 5 10 8 200 240 38
250 150 5 5 6 6 10 9 200 300 38
250 200 5 5 6 6 10 10 200 350 38
250 225 5 5 6 6 10 10 205 380 38
250 250 5 5 6 6 10 10 205 410 38
300 100 6 5 7 5 11 8 230 240 38
300 150 6 5 7 6 11 9 230 300 38
S 300 200 6 5 7 6 11 10 230 350 38
S 300 225 6 5 7 6 11 10 235 380 38
S 300 250 6 5 7 6 11 10 235 410 38
S 300 300 6 6 7 7 11 11 245 490 51
375 200 6 5 8 6 12 10 270 360 38
375 225 6 5 8 6 12 10 275 390 38
S 375 250 6 5 8 6 12 10 275 420 38

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :202 0 56

Table H.11 (continued)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 20 PN 20 PN 35 PN 3 5
Nominal size
a a a a1 a a1 h L r
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
S 375 300 6 6 8 7 12 11 285 500 51
S 375 375 6 6 8 8 12 12 305 610 64
450 250 7 5 8 6 13 10 315 420 38
S 450 300 7 6 8 7 13 11 325 500 51
S 450 375 7 6 8 8 13 12 345 610 64
S 450 450 7 7 8 8 13 13 345 690 64
500 250 7 5 9 6 14 10 340 420 38
500 300 7 6 9 7 14 11 355 500 51
S 500 375 7 6 9 8 14 12 370 610 64
S 500 450 7 7 9 8 14 13 370 690 64
S 500 500 7 7 9 9 14 14 385 770 76
600 300 8 6 9 7 15 11 405 500 51
600 375 8 6 9 8 15 12 425 610 64
S 600 450 8 7 9 8 15 13 425 690 64
S 600 500 8 7 9 9 15 14 435 770 76
S 600 600 8 8 9 9 15 15 435 780 76
750 300 9 6 11 7 18 11 485 510 51
750 375 9 6 11 8 18 12 505 620 64
750 450 9 7 11 8 18 13 505 700 64
S 750 500 9 7 11 9 18 14 515 780 76
S 750 600 9 8 11 9 18 15 515 880 76
S 750 750 9 9 11 11 18 18 535 1070 90
Tees marked "S" shall have additional reinforcement, as shown in Figure H.21
Minimu m wall thickness for other pressu r e classifications shall be in accordance w ith Clause 1 6 3.
NOTE For details of dimen sion f and socket profile, refer to manufacturer.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 57 AS/NZS 2280:2020

See Detail 1
h

DETAIL 1

L
2
L

Symbol )--I-(
Figure H.12 - Common use fittings - Tees (socket/socket/flange)

Table H.12 - Common use fittings -Tees (socket/socket/flange)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 35 PN 35
Nominal size
a a1 a a1 h L r
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 80 5 5 8 8 195 210 38
100 100 5 5 8 8 195 230 38
150 80 5 5 9 8 225 210 38
150 100 5 5 9 8 225 230 38
150 150 5 5 9 9 250 290 38
200 80 5 5 10 8 250 210 38
200 100 5 5 10 8 250 230 38
200 150 5 5 10 9 275 290 38
200 200 5 5 10 10 275 340 38
225 80 5 5 10 8 265 220 38
225 100 5 5 10 8 265 240 38
225 150 5 5 10 9 290 300 38
225 200 5 5 10 10 290 350 38
225 225 5 5 10 10 305 380 38
250 80 5 5 10 8 280 220 38
250 100 5 5 10 8 280 240 38
250 150 5 5 10 9 305 300 38
250 200 5 5 10 10 305 350 38
250 225 5 5 10 10 320 380 38
250 250 5 5 10 10 320 410 38
300 80 6 5 11 8 310 220 38
300 100 6 5 11 8 310 240 38
300 150 6 5 11 9 335 300 38
300 200 6 5 11 10 335 350 38

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :2020 58

Table H.12 {continued)

S 300 225 6 5 11 10 350 380 38
S 300 250 6 5 11 10 350 410 38
S 300 300 6 6 11 11 375 490 51
375 80 6 5 12 8 350 230 38
375 100 6 5 12 8 350 250 38
375 200 6 5 12 10 375 360 38
375 225 6 5 12 10 390 390 38
375 250 6 5 12 10 390 420 38
S 375 300 6 6 12 11 415 500 51
S 375 375 6 6 12 12 415 610 64
450 80 7 5 13 8 390 230 38
450 100 7 5 13 8 390 250 38
450 250 7 5 13 10 430 420 38
S 450 300 7 6 13 11 455 500 51
S 450 375 7 6 13 12 485 610 64
S 450 450 7 7 13 13 495 690 64
500 80 7 5 14 8 415 230 38
500 100 7 5 14 8 415 250 39
500 250 7 5 14 10 455 420 38
500 300 7 6 14 11 485 500 51
S 500 375 7 6 14 12 510 610 64
500 450 7 7 14 13 520 690 64
S 500 500 7 7 14 14 550 770 76
600 80 8 5 14 8 470 230 38
600 100 8 5 14 8 470 250 38
600 300 8 6 14 11 535 500 51
600 375 8 6 15 12 565 610 64
S 600 450 8 7 15 13 575 690 64
S600 500 8 7 15 14 600 770 76
S 600 600 8 8 15 15 615 870 76
750 100 9 5 18 8 550 260 38
750 300 9 6 18 11 615 510 51
750 375 9 6 18 12 645 620 64
750 450 9 7 18 13 655 700 64
S 750 500 7 7 18 14 680 780 76
S 750 600 8 8 18 15 695 880 76
S 750 750 9 9 18 18 725 1070 90
Tees marked "S" shall have additional reinforcement, as shown in Figure H 21
NOTE 1 For details of dimension f and socket profile, refer to manufacturer.
NOTE 2 For details of flanges, see AS/ NZS 4087:2011.
NOTE 3 Fittings with dn 80 or dn 100 branches may be used as hydrants or air valve tees.

© Standards Aus tralia Limited/Standards New Zealand 20 20

 59 AS/NZS 2280:2020

I
h
See Detail 1

L r = 38

DETAIL 1

L
2 a
.I
L
I: .I

Symbol _I._

Figure H.13 - Common use fittings - Tees (spigot/spigot/flange)

Table H.13 - Common use fittings - Tees (spigot/spigot/flange)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 35 PN35
Nominal size
a a1 a a1 h L r
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 80 5 5 8 8 178 432 38
100 100 5 5 8 8 178 432 38
150 80 5 5 9 8 203 432 38
150 100 5 5 9 8 203 432 38
150 150 5 5 9 9 203 432 38
200 80 5 5 10 8 241 457 38
200 100 5 5 10 8 241 457 38
200 150 5 5 10 9 241 482 38
200 200 5 5 10 10 241 534 38
225 80 5 5 10 8 254 457 38
225 100 5 5 10 8 254 457 38
225 150 5 5 10 9 254 508 38
225 200 5 5 10 10 254 534 38
225 225 5 5 10 10 254 558 38
250 80 5 5 10 8 267 457 38
250 100 5 5 10 8 267 457 38
250 150 5 5 10 9 267 534 38
250 200 5 5 10 10 267 558 38
250 225 5 5 10 10 267 558 38
250 250 5 5 10 10 267 610 38
300 80 6 5 11 8 305 457 38
300 100 6 5 11 8 305 457 38
300 150 6 5 11 9 305 610 38
S 300 200 6 5 11 10 305 636 38

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :202 0 60

Table H.13 [continued)

S 300 225 6 5 11 10 305 636 38
S 300 250 6 5 11 10 305 636 38
S 300 300 6 6 11 11 305 660 51
375 80 6 5 12 8 305 559 38
375 100 6 5 12 8 305 559 38
375 200 6 5 12 10 356 736 38
375 225 6 5 12 10 356 736 38
S 375 250 6 5 12 10 356 736 38
S 375 300 6 6 12 11 356 736 51
S 375 375 6 6 12 12 356 812 64
450 80 7 5 13 8 343 559 38
450 100 7 5 13 8 343 559 38
450 225 7 5 13 10 394 812 38
450 250 7 5 13 10 394 812 38
S 450 300 7 6 13 11 394 812 51
S 450 375 7 6 13 12 406 864 64
S 450 450 7 7 13 13 406 888 64
500 80 7 5 14 8 381 584 38
500 100 7 5 14 8 381 584 38
500 250 7 5 14 10 432 888 38
500 300 7 6 14 11 432 888 51
S 500 375 7 6 14 12 444 940 64
S 500 450 7 7 14 13 444 940 64
S 500 500 7 7 14 14 444 940 76
525 80 7 5 14 8 394 584 38
525 100 7 5 14 8 394 584 38
525 250 7 5 14 10 444 914 38
525 300 7 6 14 11 444 914 51
S 525 375 7 6 14 12 457 966 64
S 525 450 7 7 14 13 457 966 64
S 525 500 7 7 14 14 457 966 76
600 80 8 5 15 8 432 584 38
600 100 8 5 15 8 432 584 38
600 300 8 6 15 11 483 990 51
600 375 8 6 15 12 495 1042 64
S 600 450 8 7 15 13 495 1042 64
S 600 500 8 7 15 14 495 1042 76
S 600 600 8 8 15 15 508 1066 76
675 80 8 5 16 8 510 535 38
675 100 8 5 16 8 510 560 38
675 300 8 6 16 11 575 820 51
S 675 450 8 7 16 13 615 1005 64
S 675 600 8 8 16 15 655 1180 76
750 100 9 5 18 8 550 570 38
750 300 9 6 18 11 615 830 51

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 61 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Table H.13 (continued)

750 375 9 6 18 12 645 920 64
750 450 9 7 18 13 655 1015 64
S 750 500 9 7 18 14 680 1075 76
S 750 600 9 8 18 15 695 1190 76
S 750 750 9 9 18 18 725 1355 90
Tees marked "S" shall have additional reinforcement, as shown in Figure H 21
NOTE For details offlange and spigot, see AS/NZS 4087:2011, and Figure H.17 and Table H.17.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 62

(a) 90 ° bend (b) 45° bend

(c) 22½ bend

0
Symbol (d) 11 ¼ bend
0

Figure H.14 - Common use fittings - Bends (flange/flange)

Table H.14 - Common use fittings - Bends (flange/flange)

Nominal PN 16 PN 35 b,mm
size a a r Angle of bend, degrees
DN mm mm mm 90 45 22½ 11¼
100 5 8 152 241 152 152 152
150 5 9 190 279 190 190 190
200 5 10 203 305 203 203 203
225 5 10 229 330 229 229 229
250 5 10 254 356 254 254 254
300 6 11 305 406 305 305 305
375 6 12 381 495 381 381 381
450 7 13 457 572 457 457 457
500 7 14 508 622 508 508 508
525 7 14 533 648 533 533 533
600 8 15 610 737 610 610 610
750 9 18 765 905 460 295 230
NOTE For details of flanges, see AS/NZS 4087:2011.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 63 AS/NZS 2280:2 020

(a) Fl ange / fla nge Symbols (b) F lange / flange of fset

Figure H.15 - Common use fittings - Tapers (flange/flange)

Table H.15 - Common use fittings - Tapers (flange/flange)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 3 5 PN 35
Nominal size
ao ad ao ad L3
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm
100 80 5 5 8 8 165
150 80 5 5 9 8 298
150 100 5 5 9 8 235
200 100 5 5 10 8 368
200 150 5 5 10 9 248
225 100 5 5 10 8 432
225 150 5 5 10 9 311
225 200 5 5 10 10 190
250 100 5 5 10 8 495
250 150 5 5 10 9 375
250 200 5 5 10 10 254
250 225 5 5 10 10 190
300 100 6 5 11 8 629
300 150 6 5 11 9 508
300 200 6 5 11 10 387
300 225 6 5 11 10 324
300 250 6 5 11 10 260
375 200 6 5 12 10 584
375 225 6 5 12 10 521
375 250 6 5 12 10 457
375 300 6 6 12 11 337
450 250 7 5 13 10 660
450 300 7 6 13 11 540
450 375 7 6 13 12 356
500 250 7 5 14 10 787
500 300 7 6 14 11 667
500 375 7 6 14 12 483

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :202 0 64

Table H.15 [continued)

500 450 7 7 14 13 305
525 250 7 5 14 10 857
525 300 7 6 14 11 737
525 375 7 6 14 12 552
600 300 8 6 18 11 934
600 375 8 6 15 12 749
600 450 8 7 15 13 572
600 500 8 7 15 14 444
750 375 9 6 18 12 1180
750 450 9 7 18 13 1000
750 500 9 7 18 14 885
750 600 9 8 18 15 645
NOTE For details of flanges, see AS/NZS 4087:2011

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 65 AS/ NZS 2280:2020

I
I

I
I

-------,-------
I

1
DETAIL 1

a
L
2
L

Symbo l ~

Figure H.16 - Flanged fittings - Tees (flange/flange/flange)

Table H.16 - Flanged fittings - Tees (flange/flange/flange)

PN 16 PN 16 PN 35 PN 35
Nominal size
a a1 a a1 h ~ L(g ~ r<51
DN dn mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
100 100 5 5 8 8 178 356 38
150 100 5 5 9 8 203 406 38
150 150 5 5 9 9 203 406 38
200 100 5 5 10 8 241 484 38
200 150 5 5 10 9 241 484 38
200 200 5 5 10 10 241 484 38
225 100 5 5 10 8 254 508 38
225 150 5 5 10 9 254 508 38
225 200 5 5 10 10 254 508 38
225 225 5 5 10 10 254 508 38
250 100 5 5 10 8 267 534 38
250 150 5 5 10 9 267 534 38
250 200 5 5 10 10 267 534 38
250 225 5 5 10 10 267 534 38
250 250 5 5 10 10 267 534 38
300 100 6 5 11 8 305 610 38
300 150 6 5 11 9 305 610 38
S 300 200 6 5 11 10 305 610 38
S 300 225 6 5 11 10 305 610 38
S 300 250 6 5 11 10 305 610 38
S 300 300 6 6 11 11 305 610 51
375 200 6 5 12 10 356 738 38
375 225 6 5 12 10 356 738 38

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280 :202 0 66

Table H.16 (continued)

S 375 250 6 5 12 10 356 738 38
S 375 300 6 6 12 11 356 738 51
S 375 375 6 6 12 12 368 738 64
450 250 7 5 13 10 394 814 38
S 450 300 7 6 13 11 394 814 51
S 450 375 7 6 13 12 406 814 64
S 450 450 7 7 13 13 406 814 64
500 250 7 5 14 10 432 890 38
500 300 7 6 14 11 432 890 51
S 500 375 7 6 14 12 444 890 64
S 500 450 7 7 14 13 444 890 64
S 500 500 7 7 14 14 444 890 76
600 300 8 6 15 11 483 1016 51
600 375 8 6 15 12 495 1016 64
S 600 450 8 7 15 13 495 1016 64
S 600 500 8 7 15 14 495 1016 76
S 600 600 8 8 15 15 508 1016 76
750 300 9 6 18 11 615 890 51
750 375 9 6 18 12 645 1000 64
750 450 9 7 18 13 655 1080 64
S 750 500 9 7 18 14 680 1160 76
S 750 600 9 8 18 15 695 1260 76
S 750 750 9 9 18 18 725 1450 90
Tees marked "S" shall have additional reinforcement, as shown in Figure H.21
NOTE: For details of flanges, see AS/ NZS 4087:2011

© Standards Aus tralia Limited/Standards New Zealand 20 20

 67 AS/NZS 2280:2020

S (mac h ined surface )

J
• 20 °
+- r-------'---'----+--____,;;:;;;,,,.;;::::t----- - - .

t-------.-------'7
Barrel 0y
Spigot Inside
diameter

t
Figure H.17 - Spigot details for fittings

Table H.17 - Spigot details for fittings

Mean outside
Nominal size Length Spigot chamfer
diameter machined
(S) U) (Y)
DN mm mm mm
80 89 10 ± 2 96+1,-2
100 102 10 ± 2 122 +1, -2
150 102 10 ± 2 177 +l, -2
200 115 10 ± 2 232 +l, -2
225 115 10 ± 2 259 +l, -2
250 115 10 ± 2 286 +l, -2
300 115 10 ± 2 345 +l, -2
375 140 16 ± 2 426 ± 2
450 140 16 ± 2 507 ± 2
500 140 16 ± 2 560 ± 2
525 140 16 ± 2 587 ± 2
600 140 16 ± 2 667 ± 2
675 165 16 ± 2 747 ± 2
750 170 20 ± 2 826 ± 2
Minimum wall thickness sh all be in accorda nce with Clause 1 6 3.
NOTE 20° is a nominal value.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 68

Dimensions in millimetres
50 min.

1 max. - - - 1 max.

Pipe wall

Figure H.18 - Typical bolt-on puddle flange on pipe

Table H.18 - Typical bolt-on puddle flange on pipe

Average depth of Nominal interference fit between
Nominal size
groove puddle flange and pipe
DN mm mm
100-150 1 0.4
200-250 1 0.4
300 1 0.6
375 1.5 0.6
450-600 1.5 0.7
675-750 2.5 0.8
NOTE The outside diameter of a puddle flange should be at least
equa l to the outside diameter of an appropriate flange specified in
AS/NZS 4087:2011.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 69 AS/NZS 2280:2020

'
b

/
ofs;;;w
Located at back

Centre-line A ~ Centre-line
of fittingY }~ of fitting

90° bend
45 ° bend
SIDE VIEW
SIDE VIEW

I
I

--+--
END VIEW

Figure H.19 - Jointing lug

Table H.19 - Jointing lug

Nominal size b C r lmin
DN mm mm mm mm
200 25 20 25 a
225 25 20 25 a
250 35 20 35 a
300 35 20 35 a
375 40 20 40 a
450 40 20 40 a
500 40 20 40 a
600 so 20 so a
750 so 20 so a
NOTE Dimension "a" is applicable to the relevant PN rated fitting

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 70

"'- I /

~t~ / I '
- L

Ceo1,:,;f I l:';,,,e-noe T
A
T
A
of f itting ~ of fitting

SECTIONAL V IEW A-A

Figure H.20 -Thrust pad

Table H.20 - Thrust pad

Nominal size b Cmin d L

DN mm mm mm mm
100 125 a 5 75
150 150 a 5 100
NOTE Dimension /ta" is applicable t o the relevant PN
rated fitting

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

 71 AS/NZS 2280:2 020

~1---A

--+-
--------------------------------
~1---A
LEFT S IDE V IE W FR O NT V IE W S ECTI O N A - A

DETAIL B

PER S PE CTI V E

Figure H.21- Strengthe ning details for large diameter te e s

Table H.21 - Strengthening details for large diameter tees

Nominal s ize R1 m t p
DN mm mm mm mm
300 105 23 14 25
375 135 28 16 26
450 160 34 17 28
500 175 38 19 30
525 185 40 20 31
600 210 45 22 32
675 245 53 26 36
750 280 60 30 39
NOTE 1 For tees requir ing st rengthening, see Figures H.11. H.12 .
H.13 and H.16.
NOTE 2 The body r einforcement for t ees illustr ated above is based on
extensive design and testing, performed in t he Un ited Kingdom.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

AS/NZS 2280:2020 72

Bibliography

Informative references
EN 15189, Ductile Iron Pipes, Fittings and Accessories-External Polyurethane Coating For Pipes-
Requirements and Test Methods
EN 15655-1, Ductile Iron Pipes, Fittings and Accessories-Requirements and Test Methods for organic
linings of ductile iron pipes and fittings - Part 1: Polyurethane linings of pipes and fittings
WSAA TN2, Guidelines for the use of non-metallic pipes with ductile iron elastomeric joint fittings and
spread sheet calculation
WSAA TN3, Ring bending stiffness, allowable deflection and embedment design of ductile iron
and steel pipe
WSAA TN6, Guidelines for the use of cement mortar linings in sewerage applications

Documents relating to the installation of ductile iron pipes and fittings

AS/NZS 2032, Installation of PVC pipe systems

AS/NZS 2566.1, Buried flexible pipelines, Part 1: Structural design

AS/NZS 2566.2, Buried flexible pipelines, Part 2: Installation

AS/NZS 3690, Installation ofABS pipe systems

© Standards Australia Limited/ Standards New Zealand 2020

 73 AS/NZS 2280:2020

Amendment control sheet

AS/NZS 2280:2020

Amendment No. 1 (2021)

Revised text amendment

Summary: This amendment applies to the Preface, Clauses 1.2, 1.4, 1.6.3.2, 1.8.2, 2.5.4, 4.2.3, 4.2.4. D.1.
M, Tables 1.6.3.1. A.4, D.1. H.4, H.16 and Figure H.4.

Published 11 June 2021.

© Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2020

NOTES
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