ACHIEVE SCIENCE ACADEMY

Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1

Standard : 11 JEE Date : 09-03-2025
Total Mark : 400 Time : 1H:0M

................ Physics - Section A (MCQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(1) A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass = 4 u), and 1 mole
of argon gas (atomic mass = [40 u) is kept ]at 300 K in a container.
The ratio of their rms speeds VVrms (helium)
rms (argon)
, is close to
(A) 3.16 (B) 0.32 (A) Statement −1 is false and Statement −2 is true
(C) 0.45 (D) 2.24 (B) Statement −1 and Statement −2 both are true. Statement −2
is the correct explanation of Statement −1
(2) According to law of equipartition of energy the molar specific heat (C) Statement −1 is true and Statemcnt −2 is false
of a diatomic gas at constant volume where the molecule has one
additional vibrational mode is :- (D) Statement −1 and Statement −2 both are true. Statement −2
is not correct explanation of Statement −1
(A) 92 R (B) 52 R
(C) 3
R (D) 7
R (9) Following statements are given :
(1) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule decreases when
2 2

(3) A gas mixture consists of 3 moles of oxygen and 5 moles or argon the temperature is reduced.
at temperature T. Considering only translational and rotational (2) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule increases with
modes, the total internal energy of the system is increase in pressure at constant temperature.
(A) 15 RT (B) 12 RT (3) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule decreases with
increases in volume.
(C) 4 RT (D) 20 RT (4) Pressure of a gas increases with increase in temperature at
constant pressure.
(4) Consider a mixture of n moles of helium gas and 2n moles of oxygen
(5) The volume of gas decreases with increase in temperature.
gas (molecules taken to be rigid) as an ideal gas. Its CCVP value will be
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) 67
45
(B) 19
13 (A) (1) and (4) only (B) (1),(2) and (4) only
(C) 23
15
(D) 40
27 (C) (2) and (4) only (D) (1), (2) and (5) only
(5) Initially a gas of diatomic molecules is contained in a cylinder of (10) For a gas Cp − CV = R in a state P and Cp − CV = 1.10R in a
volume V1 at a pressure P1 and temperature 250 K. Assuming that state Q, Tp and TQ are the temperatures in two different states P
25% of the molecules get dissociated causing a change in number and Q respectively. Then
of moles. The pressure of the resulting gas at temperature 2000 K, (A) T p = TQ (B) T p < TQ
when contained in a volume 2V1 is given by P2 . The ratio P P2
is.
1 (C) T p = 0.9TQ (D) Tp > TQ
(A) 5 (B) 10
(11) The value closest to the thermal velocity of a Helium atom at room
(C) 13 (D) 9 temperature (300 K)in ms−1 is
√ [kB = 1.4 × 10−23 J/K; mHe = 7 × 10−27 kg]
(6) At 300 K, the rms speed of oxygen molecules is α+5 α
times to (A) 1.3 × 104 (B) 1.3 × 105
that of its average speed in the gas. Then, the value of α will be (C) 1.3 × 102 (D) 1.3 × 103
(used π = 22 )
(12) The average kinetic energy of a molecule of the gas is
7
(A) 32 (B) 28
(A) proportional to absolute temperature
(C) 24 (D) 27
(B) proportional to volume
(7) If the rms speed of oxygen molecules at 0 C is 160 m/s, find the
◦
(C) proportional to pressure
rms speed of hydrogen molecules at 0◦ C. (In m/s) (D) dependent on the nature of the gas
(A) 640 (B) 40
(13) The temperature, at which the root mean square velocity of
(C) 80 (D) 332 hydrogen molecules equals their escape velocity from the earth is
closest to : [Boltzmans Constant kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K Avogadro
(8) There are two identical chambers, completely thermally insulated
number NA = 6.02 × 1026 /kg Radius of Earth : 6.4 × 106 m
from surroundings. Both chambers have a partition wall dividing the
Gravitation acceleration on Earth = 10 ms−2 ]
chambers in two compartments. Compartment 1 is filled with an
ideal gas and Compartment 3 is filled with a real gas. Compartments (A) 800 K (B) 104 K
2 and 4 are vacuum . A small hole (orifice) is made in the partition (C) 3 × 10 K5
(D) 650 K
walls and the gases are allowed to expand in vacuum
(14) The rms speed of oxygen molecule in a vessel at particular
Statement −1 : No change in the temperature of the gas takes ( )1
place when ideal gas expands in vacuum. However, the temperature temperature is 1 + x5 2 v, where v is the average speed of the
of real gas goes down (cooling) when it expands in vacuum molecule. The value of x will be:(Take π = 22
7
)
Statement −2 : The internal energy of an ideal gas is only kinetic. (A) 28 (B) 27
The internal energy of a real gas is kinetic as well as potential
(C) 8 (D) 4

1
(15) A flask contains hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 2 : 1 by mass B. The ratio of pressure in these vessels will be 1 : 4
at temperature 27◦ C. The ratio of average kinetic energy per C. The ratio of pressure will be 1 : 1
molecule of hydrogen and oxygen respectively is : D. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be in the
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 1 ratio of 1 : 4
(A) A and C only (B) B and D only
(C) 1 : 4 (D) 4 : 1
(C) A and B only (D) C and D only
(16) In an ideal gas at temperature T, the average force that a molecule
applies on the walls of a closed container depends on T as T q . A (27) An ideal gas occupies a volume of 2 m3 at a pressure of 3 × 106 P a.
good estimate for q is The energy of the gas is
(A) 1
2
(B) 2 (A) 9 × 106 J (B) 6 × 104 J
(C) 1
4
(D) 1 (C) 108 J (D) Insufficient information
(17) The mean free path of molecules of a certain gas at ST P is 1500 d, (28) One mole of a monoatomic gas is mixed with three moles of a
where d is the diameter of the gas molecules. While maintaining the diatomic gas. The molecular specific heat of mixture at constant
standard pressure, the mean free path of the molecules at 373 K is volume is α4 RJ/mol K; then the value of α will be ....... (Assume
2

approximately .......... d that the given diatomic gas has no vibrational mode.)
(A) 1098 (B) 2049 (A) 2 (B) 5
(C) 750 (D) 1500 (C) 8 (D) 3
(18) The temperature at which the kinetic energy of oxygen molecules (29) For the P − V diagram given for an ideal gas, out of the following
becomes double than its value at 27◦ C is ............◦ C which one correctly represents the T − P diagram ?
(A) 1227 (B) 927
(C) 327 (D) 627
(19) A gas has n degrees of freedom. The ratio of specific heat of gas at
constant volume to the specific heat of gas at constant pressure
will be.
(A) n+2n
(B) n+2
n (A) (B)
(C) n
2n+2
(D) n
n−2

(20) A cylindrical container of volume 4.0 × 10−3 m3 contains one mole

of hydrogen and two moles of carbon dioxide. Assume the
temperature of the mixture is 400 K The pressure of the mixture of
gases is:
[Take gas constant as 8.3 Jmol−1 K −1 ]
(A) 249 × 101 P a (B) 24.9 × 103 P a (C) (D)
(C) 24.9 × 10 P a
5
(D) 24.9 P a
(21) Consider a mixture of gas molecule of types A, B and C having
masses mA < mB < mC ratio of their root mean square speeds
at normal temperature and pressure is :
(A) vA = vB ̸= vC (B) 1
vA
> 1
vB
> 1
vc
(30) The root mean square speed of molecules of nitrogen gas at 27◦ C is
(C) vA = vB = vC = 0 (D) 1
< 1
< 1
vA vB vC approximately.......m/s(Given mass of a nitrogen molecule
(22) A 15 g mass of nitrogen gas is enclosed in a vessel at a temperature = 4.6 × 10−26 kg and take Boltzmann constant
27 o C. Amount of heat transferred to the gas, so that rms velocity kB = 1.4 × 10−23 JK −1 )
of molecules is doubled, is about ...... kJ [Take R = 8.3 J/K mole ] (A) 523 (B) 1260
(A) 0.9 (B) 6
(C) 91 (D) 27.4
(C) 10 (D) 14 (31) An HCl molecule has rotational, translational and vibrational
(23) For a given gas at 1 atm pressure, rms speed of the molecules is motions. If the rms velocity of HCl molecules in its gaseous phase
200 m/s at 127 o C. At 2 atm pressure and at 227 o C, the rms speed is v̄, m is its mass and kB is Boltzmann constant, then its
of the molecules will be temperature will be
√
(A) 80 m/s (B) 100 5 m/s (A) mv̄ 2
(B) mv̄ 2
√ 3kB 7kB
(C) 100 m/s (D) 80 5 m/s
(C) mv̄ 2
(D) mv̄ 2
(24) A cylinder with fixed capacity of 67.2 lit contains helium gas at
5kB 6kB

ST P . The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the (32) A thermally insulated vessel contains an ideal gas of molecular mass
gas by 20 o C is ..... J [Given that R = 8.31 J mol−1 K −1 ] M and ratio of specific heats 1.4. Vessel is moving with speed v and
is suddenly brought to rest. Assuming no heat is lost to the
(A) 350 (B) 700 surrounding and vessel temperature of the gas increases by ... ( R =
(C) 748 (D) 374 universal gas constant )
(25) Consider a sample of oxygen behaving like an ideal gas. At 300 K, (A) M v2
7R
(B) M v2
5R
the ratio of root mean square (rms) velocity to the average velocity
(C) 2 M7R (D) 7 M5R
2 2
v v
of gas molecule would be : )
(Molecular weight of oxygen is 32 g/mol R = 8.3 JK −1 mol−1 (33) A flask contains Hydrogen and Argon in the ratio 2 : 1 by mass. The
√ √ temperature of the mixture is 30◦ C. The ratio of average kinetic
(A) 3
8
(B) 8
3 energy per molecule of the two gases ( K argon/ K hydrogen) is:
√ √ (Given: Atomic Weight of Ar = 39.9)
(C) 3π
(D) 8π
8 3
(A) 1 (B) 2
(26) Same gas is filled in two vessels of the same volume at the same
temperature. If the ratio of the number of molecules is 1 : 4, then (C) 39.9
2
(D) 39.9
A. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be the (34) This question has Statement −1 and Statement −2. Of the four
same. choices given after the Statements, choose the one that best

2
 describes the two Statements. (A) (B)
Statement 1 : The internal energy of a perfect gas is entirely kinetic
and depends only on absolute temperature of the gas and not on its
pressure or volume.
Statement 2 : A perfect gas is heated keeping pressure constant
and later at constant volume. For the same amount of heat the
temperature of the gas at constant pressure is lower than that at
constant volume.
(A) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is true and
Statement −2 is the correct explanation of Statement −1 (D)
(C)
(B) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is false.
(C) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is true but
Statement −2 is not the correct explanation of Statement −1
(D) Statement −1 is false, Statement −2 is true

(35) A flask contains argon and oxygen in the ratio of 3 : 2 in mass and
the mixture is kept at 27◦ C. The ratio of their average kinetic
energy per molecule respectively will be ...........
(A) 3 : 2 (B) 9 : 4 (41) A gas mixture consists of 2 moles of oxygen and 4 moles of neon at
temperature T . Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal
(C) 2 : 3 (D) 3 : 5 energy of the system will be ........... RT
(36) Match List−I with List−II : (A) 8 (B) 16

List−I List−II (C) 4 (D) 11

(42) Nitrogen gas is at 300 C temperature. The temperature (in K) at
◦
(A) 3 Translational de- (I) Monoatomic gases
which the rms speed of a H2 , molecule would be equal to the rms
grees of freedom
speed of a nitrogen molecule, is........
(B) 3 Translational,2 ro- (II) Polyatomic gases (Molar mass of N2 gas 28 g )
tational degrees of free- (A) 45 (B) 41
doms
(C) 38 (D) 49
(C) 3 Translational,2 ro- (III) Rigid diatomic (43) Consider a gas of triatomic molecules. The molecules are assumed
tational and 1 vibra- gases to the triangular and made of massless rigid rods whose vertices are
tional degrees of free- occupied by atoms. The internal energy of a mole of the gas at
dom temperature T is ......RT
(D) 3 Translational,3 ro- (IV ) Nonrigid diatomic
tational and more than gases
one vibrational degrees
of freedom
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (III), (C) − (II), (D) − (I)
(B) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (II), (C) − (I), (D) − (III) (A) 4.5 (B) 1.5

(C) (A) − (I), (B) − (III), (C) − (IV ), (D) − (II) (C) 2.5 (D) 3

(D) (A) − (I), (B) − (IV ), (C) − (III), (D) − (II) (44) The temperature of an ideal gas is increased from 200 K to 800 K. If
r.m.s. speed of gas at 200 K is v0 . Then, r.m.s. speed of the gas at
800 K will be:
(37) A cylinder of fixed capacity of 44.8 litres contains helium gas at
standard temperature and pressure. The amount of heat needed to (A) v0 (B) 4v0
raise the temperature of gas in the cylinder by 20.0◦ C will be .............. (C) v0
4
(D) 2v0
J(Given gas constant R = 8.3 JK −1 − moI −1 ) (45) Molecules of an ideal gas are known to have three translational
(A) 249 (B) 415 degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom. The gas
(C) 498 (D) 830 is maintained at a temperature of T . The
( total) internal energy, U of
a mole of this gas, and the value of γ = C P
Cv
given, respectively,
(38) The correct relation between the degree of freedom f and the ratio by
of specific heat γ is
(A) U = 52 RT and γ = 6
5
(B) U = 5RT and γ = 7
5
(A) f = 1
(B) f = 2
γ+1 γ−1 (C) U = 5RT and γ = 6
5
(D) U = 5
2
RT and γ = 7
5
(C) f = γ+1
2
(D) f = 2
γ+1 (46) Consider two ideal diatomic gases A and B at some temperature T .
Molecules of the gas A are rigid, and have a mass m. Molecules of
(39) If 1022 gas molecules each of mass 10−26 kg collide with a surface the gas B have an additional vibrational mode, and have a mass m4 .
(perpendicular to it)elastically per second over an area 1 m2 with a The ratio of the specific heats (CAv and CBv ) of gas A and B,
speed 104 m/s, the pressure exerted by the gas molecules will be of respectively is
the order of
(A) 7 : 9 (B) 5 : 7
(A) 108 mN
2 (B) 103 m
N
2
(C) 3 : 5 (D) 5 : 9
(C) 104 N
m2
(D) None of this
(47) What will be the average value of energy along one degree of
(40) The plot that depicts the behavior of the mean free time t (time freedom for an ideal gas in thermal equilibrium at a temperature
between two successive collisions) for the molecules of an ideal T ? (kB is Boltzmann constant)
gas, as a function of temperature (T ), qualitatively, is (Graphs are (A) 1
k T
2 B
(B) 2
k T
3 B
schematic and not drawn to scale)
(C) 3
k T
2 B
(D) kB T

3
(48) The correct relation between γ = and temperature T is : (58) cP and cV are specific heats at constant pressure and constant
Cp
cv
volume respectively. It is observed that
(A) γ ∝ √1 (B) γ ∝ T ◦
T cP − cV = a for hydrogen gas
(C) γ ∝ 1
T
(D) γ ∝ T cP − cV = b for nitrogen gas
The correct relation between a and b is
(49) Given below are two statements:
Statement I : In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a (A) a = 141
b (B) a = b
given temperature obeys Maxwell’s distribution. (C) a = 14b (D) a = 28b
Statement II : In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a (59) An ideal gas in a closed container is slowly heated. As its
given temperature equals the translational kinetic energy for each temperature increases, which of the following statements are true?
molecule. (A) the mean free path of the molecules decreases.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer (B) the mean collision time between the molecules decreases.
from the options given below: (C) the mean free path remains unchanged.
(A) Statement I is false but Statement II is true. (D) the mean collision time remains unchanged.
(B) Both Statement I and Statement II are false. (A) (C) and (D) (B) (A) and (B)
(C) Both Statement I and Statement II are true. (C) (A) and (D) (D) (B) and (C)
(D) Statement I is true but Statement II is false. (60) An ideal gas has molecules with 5 degrees of freedom. The ratio of
specific heats at constant pressure (Cp ) and at constant volume
(50) A gas mixture consists of 3 moles of oxygen and 5 moles of argon at
(Cv ) is
temperature T . Assuming the gases to be ideal and the oxygen
bond to be rigid, the total internal energy (in units of RT ) of the (A) 6 (B) 3.5
mixture is (C) 2.5 (D) 1.4
(A) 11 (B) 15 (61) In the isothermal expansion of 10 g of gas from volume V to 2V the
(C) 20 (D) 13 work done by the gas is 575 J. What is the root mean square speed
of the molecules of the gas at that temperature ..... m/s?
(51) At room temperature a diatomic gas is found to have an r.m.s.
speed of 1930 ms−1 . The gas is (A) 398 (B) 520
(A) H2 (B) Cl2 (C) 499 (D) 532
(C) O2 (D) F2 (62) The average translational kinetic energy of N2 gas molecules at
. . . . . . . . . ..◦ C becomes equal to the K.E. of an electron
(52) A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen has volume 2000 cm3 , accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 0.1 volt.
)
temperature 300 K, pressure 100 kP a and mass 0.76 g The ratio of ( Given kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K
number of moles of hydrogen to number of moles of oxygen in the (Fill the nearest integer).
mixture will be
(A) 500 (B) 50
(A) 13 (B) 31
(C) 5 (D) 0.5
(C) 1
(D) 16
16 1
(63) If the degree of freedom of a gas are f, then the ratio of two
(53) 7 mole of certain monoatomic ideal gas undergoes a temperature specific heats CP /CV is given by
increase of 40K at constant pressure. The increase in the internal
(A) 2
+1 (B) 1 − 2
energy of the gas in this process is....J (Given R = 8.3JK −1 mol−1 ) f f

(A) 5810 (B) 3486 (C) 1 + 1

f
(D) 1 − 1
f

(C) 11620 (D) 6972 (64) The number of molecules in one litre of an ideal gas at 300 K and 2
atmospheric pressure with mean kinetic energy 2 × 10−9 J per
(54) When heat Q is supplied to a diatomic gas of rigid molecules at molecules is .... × 1011
constant volume its temperature increases by ∆T. The heat
(A) 6 (B) 3
required to produce the same change in temperature, at constant
pressure is (C) 1.5 (D) 0.75
(A) 3
Q (B) 5
Q (65) The root mean square velocity of molecules of gas is
2 3 ( )
(C) 7
Q (D) 2
Q (A) Proportional to square of temperature T 2 .
5 3 √
(55) A system consists of two types of gas molecules A and B having (B) Inversely proportional to square root of temperature 1
T
.
same number density 2× 1025 /m3 . The diameter of A and B are √
◦ ◦ (C) Proportional to square root of temperature T .
10 A and 5 A respectively. They suffer collision at room
temperature. The ratio of average distance covererd by the (D) Proportional to temperature (T ).
molecule A to that of B between two successive collision is (66) The number of air molecules per cm3 increased from 3 × 1019 to
..... × 10−2 12 × 1019 . The ratio of collision frequency of air molecules before
(A) 20 (B) 25 and after the increase in number respectively is .........
(C) 75 (D) 80 (A) 1.25 (B) 0.25
(56) Modern vacuum pumps can evacuate a vessel down to a pressure (C) 0.75 (D) 0.50
of 4.0 × 10−15 atm at room temperature (300 K). Taking (67) The volume V of an enclosure contains a mixture of three gases,
R = 8.0 JK −1 mole−1 , 1 atm = 105 P a and 16 g of oxygen, 28 g of nitrogen and 44 g of carbon dioxide at
NAvogadro = 6 × 1023 mole−1 , the mean distance between absolute temperature T . Consider R as universal gas constant. The
molecules of gas in an evacuated vessel will be of the order of pressure of the mixture of gases is
(A) 0.2 µm (B) 0.2 mm (A) 88RT
(B) 3RT
V V
(C) 0.2 cm (D) 0.2 nm (C) 5 RT
(D) 4RT
2 V V
(57) 0.056 kg of Nitrogen is enclosed in a vessel at a temperature of (68) According to kinetic theory of gases,
127 ◦ C. The amount of heat required to double the speed of its A. The motion of the gas molecules freezes at 0◦ C
molecules is k cal. (Take R = 2 cal mole −1 K −1 ) B. The mean free path of gas molecules decreases if the density of
(A) 12 (B) 18 molecules is increased.
C. The mean free path of gas molecules increases if temperature is
(C) 17 (D) 122

4
 increased keeping pressure constant. close to ?
D. Average kinetic energy per molecule per degree of freedom is (Given, mean kinetic energy of a molecule (at T ) is 4 × 10−14 erg,
3
k T (for monoatomic gases)
2 B
g = 980 cm/s2 , density of mercury = 13.6 g/cm3 )
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below (A) 5.8 × 1018 (B) 5.8 × 1016
(A) A and C only (B) B and C only (C) 4.0 × 1018 (D) 4.0 × 1016
(C) A and B only (D) C and D only (77) If the r.m.s. speed of chlorine molecule is 490 m/s at 27◦ C, the
(69) Given below are two statements: r.m.s. speed of argon molecules at the same temperature will be
Statements I : The temperature of a gas is −73◦ C. When the gas is ...... m/s (Atomic mass of argon = 39.9 u, molecular mass of
heated to 527◦ C, the root mean square speed of the molecules is chlorine = 70.9 u)
doubled. (A) 751.7 (B) 451.7
Statement II : The product of pressure and volume of an ideal gas
will be equal to translational kinetic energy of the molecules. (C) 651.7 (D) 551.7
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer (78) The relation between root mean square speed (vrms ) and most
from the options given below : probable speed (vp ) for the molar mass M of oxygen gas molecule
(A) Both statement I and Statement II are true at the temperature of 300 K will be
√ √
(B) Statement I is true but Statement II is false (A) vrms = 23 vp (B) vrms = 32 vp
(C) Both Statement I and Statement II are false √
(C) vrms = vp (D) vrms = 13 vp
(D) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
(79) N moles of a diatomic gas in a cylinder are at a temperature T .
(70) Match the CP
ratio for ideal gases with different type of molecules Heat is supplied to the cylinder such that the temperature remains
Cv
constant but n moles of the diatomic gas get converted into
Moleculae type CP
Cv monoatomic gas. What is the change in the total kinetic energy of
(A) Monoatomic (I) 7 the gas ?
5
(A) 1
nRT (B) 0
(B) Diatomic rigid (II) 9 2
(C) (D)
7
molecules
3 5
2
nRT 2
nRT
(80) On the basis of kinetic theory of gases, the gas exerts pressure
(C) Diatomic non-rigid (III) 4
3 because its molecules:
molecules
(A) continuously lose their energy till it reaches wall.
(D) Triatomic rigid (IV ) 5
3 (B) are attracted by the walls of container.
molecules
(C) continuously stick to the walls of container.
(A) A − IV, B − I, C − II, D − III
(D) suffer change in momentum when impinge on the walls of
(B) A − IV, B − II, C − I, D − III container.
(C) A − III, B − IV, C − II, D − I (81) Three vessels of equal volume contain gases at the same
(D) A − II, B − III, C − I, D − IV temperature and pressure. The first vessel contains neon
(monoatomic), the second contains chlorine (diatomic) and third
(71) A vessel contains 14 g of nitrogen gas at a temperature of 27◦ C. contains uranium hexafloride (polyatomic). Arrange these on the
The amount of heat to be transferred to the gap to double the r.m.s. basis of their root mean square speed (vms ) and choose the correct
speed of its molecules will be ......J ( Take R = 8.32 J mol−1 k−1 ) answer from the options given below:
(A) 2229 (B) 5616 (A) vrms ( mono ) = vrms ( dia ) = vrms ( poly )
(C) 9360 (D) 13104 (B) vrms ( mono ) > vrms ( dia ) > vrms (poly)
(72) Let γ1 be the ratio of molar specific heat at constant pressure and (C) vrms ( dia ) < vrms ( poly ) < vrms ( mono )
molar specific heat at constant volume of a monoatomic gas and γ2
(D) vrms (mono) < vrms (dia) < vrms (poly )
be the similar ratio of diatomic gas. Considering the diatomic gas
molecule as a rigid rotator, the ratio, γγ12 is (82) The root mean square speed of smoke particles of mass
5 × 10−17 kg in their Brownian motion in air at NTP is approximately
(A) 27
(B) 35
35 27 ....... mm s−1 [Given k = 1.38 × 10−23 J K −1 ]
(C) 25
21
(D) 21
25 (A) 60 (B) 12
(73) In a dilute gas at pressure P and temperature T , the mean time
(C) 15 (D) 36
between
√ successive collisions of a molecule varies with T as
(A) T (B) T1 (83) A gas molecule of mass M at the surface of the Earth has kinetic
energy equivalent to 0 o C. If it were to go up straight without
(C) √1
T
(D) T colliding with any other molecules, how high it would rise? Assume
(74) The total internal energy of two mole monoatomic ideal gas at that the height attained is much less than radius of the earth. (kB is
temperature T = 300 K will be ...........J. Boltzmann constant)
(Given R = 8.31 J/mol.K) (A) 0 (B) 273kB
2M g
(A) 7567 (B) 7771
(C) 546kB
3M g
(D) 819kB
2M g
(C) 7479 (D) 8976
(84) When a gas filled in a closed vessel is heated by raising the
(75) To raise the temperature of a certain mass of gas by 50◦ C at a temperature by 1◦ C, its pressure increase by 0.4%. The initial
constant pressure, 160 calories of heat is required. When the same temperature of the gas is ..........K
mass of gas is cooled by 100◦ C at constant volume, 240 calories of (A) 270 (B) 258
heat is released. How many degrees of freedom does each molecule
of this gas have (assume gas to be ideal) ? (C) 250 (D) 290
(A) 5 (B) 3 (85) 2 kg of a monoatomic gas is at a pressure of 4 × 104 N /m2 . The
density of the gas is 8 kg/m3 . What is the order of energy of the gas
(C) 6 (D) 7
due to its thermal motion ?
(76) Number of molecules in a volume of 4 cm3 of a perfect monoatomic (A) 103 J (B) 105 J
gas at some temperature T and at a pressure of 2 cm of mercury is
(C) 104 J (D) 106 J

5
(86) Which of the following graphs represent the behavior of an ideal (93) For three low density gases A, B, C pressure versus temperature
gas ? Symbols have their usual meaning. graphs are plotted while keeping them at constant volume, as
(A) (B) shown in the figure.
The temperature corresponding to the point ’ K ’ is ........... ◦ C

(C) (D) (A) −273 (B) −100

(C) −373 (D) −40
(94) Which of the following shows the correct relationship between the
pressure ′ P ′ and density ρ of an ideal gas at constant temperature ?
(A)

(87) Two gases-argon (atomic radius 0.07 nm,atomic weight 40 ) and

xenon (atomic radius 0.1 nm, atomic weight 140 ) have the same
number density and are at the same temperature. The raito of their
respective mean free times is closest to
(A) 1.09 (B) 4.67
(C) 1.83 (D) 2.3
(88) The rms speeds of the molecules of Hydrogen, Oxygen and
Carbondioxide at the same temperature are VH , V0 and VC (B)
respectively then
(A) VH > V0 > VC (B) VC > V0 > VH
(C) VH = V0 > VC (D) VH = VO = VC
(89) A vessel contains 16 g of hydrogen and 128 g of oxygen at standard
temperature and pressure. The volume of the vessel in cm3 is
(A) 72 × 105 (B) 32 × 105
(C) 27 × 104 (D) 54 × 104
(90) The temperature of an open room of volume 30 m3 increases from
17o C to 27vC due to sunshine. The atmospheric pressure in the
room remains 1 × 105 P a. Ifni and nr are the number of molecules (C)
in the room before and after heating, then nf − ni will be :
(A) −1.61 × 1023 (B) 1.38 × 1023
(C) 2.5 × 1023 (D) −2.5 × 1025
(91) Figure shows the variation in temperature (∆T ) with the amount of
heat supplied (Q) in an isobaric process corresponding to a
monoatomic (M ), diatomic (D) and a polyatomic (P ) gas. The
initial state of all the gases are the same and the scales for the two
axes coincide. Ignoring vibrational degrees of freedom, the lines a, b
and c respectively correspond to

(D)

(A) P, M and D (B) M, D and P

(C) P, D and M (D) D, M and P
(92) What will be the effect on the root mean square velocity of oxygen
molecules if the temperature is doubled and oxygen molecule (95) The parameter that remains the same for molecules of all gases at a
dissociates into atomic oxygen? given temperature is :
(A) The velocity of atomic oxygen remains same (A) kinetic energy (B) momentum
(B) The velocity of atomic oxygen doubles (C) mass (D) speed
(C) The velocity of atomic oxygen becomes half (96) Two moles a monoatomic gas is mixed with six moles of a diatomic
(D) The velocity of atomic oxygen becomes four times gas. The molar specific heat of the mixture at constant volume is:

6
 (A) 9
4
R (B) 7
4
R
(C) 3
2
R (D) 5
2
R
(97) If the collision frequency of hydrogen molecules in a closed
chamber at 27◦ C is Z, then the collision frequency of the same
system at 127◦ C is :
√
(A) 2
3
Z (B) 4
3
Z
(C) √ Z
2
3
(D) 3
4
Z
(98) The total kinetic energy of 1 mole of oxygen at 27◦ C is :
[Use universal gas constant (R) = 8.31 J/moleK ]
(A) 6845.5 J (B) 5942.0 J
(C) 6232.5 J (D) 5670.5 J
(99) The root mean square speed of molecules of a given mass of a gas
at 27◦ C and 1 atmosphere pressure is 200 ms−1 . The root mean
square speed of molecules of the gas at 127◦ C and 2 atmosphere
pressure is √x3 ms−1 . The value of x will be ......ms−1 .
(A) 200 (B) 300
(C) 400 (D) 500
(100) An ideal monoatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring
loaded piston of cross section 8.0 × 10−3 m2 . Initially the gas is at
300 K and occupies a volume of 2.4 × 10−3 m3 and the spring is in
its relaxed state as shown in figure. The gas is heated by a small
heater until the piston moves out slowly by 0.1 m. The force
constant of the spring is 8000 N /m and the atmospheric pressure is
1.0 × 105 N /m2 . The cylinder and the piston are thermally
insulated. The piston and the spring are massless and there is no
friction between the piston and the cylinder. The final temperature
of the gas will be: (Neglect the heat loss through the lead wires of
the heater . The heat capacity of the heater coil is also negligible)

(A) 300 (B) 500

(C) 800 (D) 1000

7
 ACHIEVE SCIENCE ACADEMY
Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1
JEE Date : 09-03-2025
Standard : 11
Total Mark : 400 (Answer Key) Time : 1H:0M

Physics - Section A (MCQ)

1-A 2-D 3-A 4-B 5-A 6-B 7-A 8-A 9-A 10 - D

11 - D 12 - A 13 - B 14 - A 15 - B 16 - D 17 - B 18 - C 19 - A 20 - C
21 - D 22 - C 23 - B 24 - C 25 - C 26 - C 27 - D 28 - D 29 - C 30 - A
31 - A 32 - B 33 - A 34 - C 35 - D 36 - C 37 - C 38 - B 39 - D 40 - D
41 - D 42 - B 43 - D 44 - D 45 - D 46 - B 47 - A 48 - B 49 - D 50 - B
51 - A 52 - B 53 - B 54 - C 55 - B 56 - B 57 - A 58 - C 59 - D 60 - D
61 - C 62 - A 63 - A 64 - C 65 - C 66 - B 67 - C 68 - B 69 - B 70 - A
71 - C 72 - C 73 - C 74 - C 75 - C 76 - C 77 - C 78 - B 79 - A 80 - D
81 - B 82 - C 83 - D 84 - C 85 - C 86 - C 87 - A 88 - A 89 - C 90 - D
91 - B 92 - B 93 - A 94 - D 95 - A 96 - A 97 - C 98 - C 99 - C 100 - C

8
 ACHIEVE SCIENCE ACADEMY
Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1
JEE Date : 09-03-2025
Standard : 11
Total Mark : 400 (Solutions) Time : 1H:0M

................ Physics - Section A (MCQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P2 (2V1 ) = 5n4

R × 2000
Divide
P1 4×250
= 5×2000
(1) A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass = 4 u), and 1 mole 2P2
P1
of argon gas (atomic mass = [40 u) is kept ]at 300 K in a container. P2
= 51
P2
The ratio of their rms speeds VVrms (helium)
rms (argon)
, is close to P1
=5
√
(A) 3.16 (B) 0.32 (6) At 300 K, the rms speed of oxygen molecules is α+5 times to
α
(C) 0.45 (D) 2.24 that of its average speed in the gas. Then, the value of α will be
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) (used π = 22 7
)
√
(VRMS )He
= MMAr (A) 32 (B) 28
(VRMS )Ar He
√ √
40 (C) 24 (D) 27
= 4
= 10 = 3.16
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(2) According to law of equipartition of energy the molar specific heat √ √ √
3RT
= α+5 8 RT
of a diatomic gas at constant volume where the molecule has one M α π M

additional vibrational mode is :- 3 = α+5 8

α π
(A) 92 R (B) 52 R α = 28
(C) 3
2
R (D) 7
2
R (7) If the rms speed of oxygen molecules at 0◦ C is 160 m/s, find the
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) rms speed of hydrogen molecules at 0◦ C. (In m/s)
Diatomic gas molecules have three translational degree of freedom, (A) 640 (B) 40
two rotational degree of freedom and it is given that it has one (C) 80 (D) 332
vibrational mode so there are two additional degree of freedom
corresponding to one vibrational mode, so total degree of freedom Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
√
=7 Vrms = 3KT
CV = f2R = 7R
M
√ √
2 (Vms )O MH2
2 2
= = 32
(3) A gas mixture consists of 3 moles of oxygen and 5 moles or argon (Vmms ) H2 MO 2

at temperature T. Considering only translational and rotational (Vrms )H2 = 4 × (Vrms )O2
modes, the total internal energy of the system is = 4 × 160
= 640 m/s
(A) 15 RT (B) 12 RT
(C) 4 RT (D) 20 RT (8) There are two identical chambers, completely thermally insulated
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) from surroundings. Both chambers have a partition wall dividing the
chambers in two compartments. Compartment 1 is filled with an
Utotal = UO2 + UAr
ideal gas and Compartment 3 is filled with a real gas. Compartments
= 3×5×RT + 5×3×RT
2 2 2 and 4 are vacuum . A small hole (orifice) is made in the partition
= 15RT
walls and the gases are allowed to expand in vacuum
(4) Consider a mixture of n moles of helium gas and 2n moles of oxygen Statement −1 : No change in the temperature of the gas takes
gas (molecules taken to be rigid) as an ideal gas. Its CCVP value will be place when ideal gas expands in vacuum. However, the temperature
of real gas goes down (cooling) when it expands in vacuum
(A) 67
45
(B) 19
13 Statement −2 : The internal energy of an ideal gas is only kinetic.
(C) 23
15
(D) 40
27
The internal energy of a real gas is kinetic as well as potential
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
mix =
CP n1 CP1 +n2 CP2
CV n1 CV1 +n2 CV2
n×( 5R
2 )
+2n( 7R
2 )
CP
mix = n× 3R +2n( 5R
2 )
CV
2
CP 19
CV
= 13

(5) Initially a gas of diatomic molecules is contained in a cylinder of

(A) Statement −1 is false and Statement −2 is true
volume V1 at a pressure P1 and temperature 250 K. Assuming that
25% of the molecules get dissociated causing a change in number (B) Statement −1 and Statement −2 both are true. Statement −2
of moles. The pressure of the resulting gas at temperature 2000 K, is the correct explanation of Statement −1
when contained in a volume 2V1 is given by P2 . The ratio P P2
1
is. (C) Statement −1 is true and Statemcnt −2 is false
(A) 5 (B) 10 (D) Statement −1 and Statement −2 both are true. Statement −2
(C) 13 (D) 9 is not correct explanation of Statement −1
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
P V = nRT In ideal gases the molecules are considered as point particles and
P1 V1 = nR × 250 for point particles, there is no internal excitation, no vibration and

9
 no rotation. For an ideal gas the internal energy can only be (14) The rms speed of oxygen molecule in a vessel at particular
( )1
translational kinetic energy and for real gas both kinetic as well as temperature is 1 + x5 2 v, where v is the average speed of the
potential energy molecule. The value of x will be:(Take π = 22 )
7

(9) Following statements are given : (A) 28 (B) 27

(1) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule decreases when (C) 8 (D) 4
the temperature is reduced.
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(2) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule increases with √ ( ) 1 √ 8RT
increase in pressure at constant temperature. 3RT
M
= 1 + x5 2 πM
(3) The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule decreases with ⇒ 3×22 =1+ 5

increases in volume.
7×8 x
⇒ x = 28
(4) Pressure of a gas increases with increase in temperature at
constant pressure. (15) A flask contains hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 2 : 1 by mass
(5) The volume of gas decreases with increase in temperature. at temperature 27◦ C. The ratio of average kinetic energy per
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: molecule of hydrogen and oxygen respectively is :
(A) (1) and (4) only (B) (1),(2) and (4) only (A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 1
(C) (2) and (4) only (D) (1), (2) and (5) only (C) 1 : 4 (D) 4 : 1
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
KEavg = 32 KT Kav = 52 kT
2
P = 13 ρVrus Ratio = 1 : 1
Note : Statement (4) is correct only if we consider it at constant
volume and not constant pressure. Ideally, this question must be (16) In an ideal gas at temperature T, the average force that a molecule
bonus but most appropriate answer is option (A). applies on the walls of a closed container depends on T as T q . A
good estimate for q is
(10) For a gas Cp − CV = R in a state P and Cp − CV = 1.10R in a (A) 1
2
(B) 2
state Q, Tp and TQ are the temperatures in two different states P (C) 1
(D) 1
and Q respectively. Then 4

(A) T p = TQ (B) T p < TQ Solution:(Correct Answer:D)

Pressure, P = 13 mN 2
Vrms
(C) T p = 0.9TQ (D) Tp > TQ V
or, P = (mN V
)T

Solution:(Correct Answer:D) If the gas mass and temperature are constant then
Cp − CV = R for ideal gas and gas behaves as ideal gas at high P ∝ (Vmax )2 ∝ T
temperature So, force ∝ (Vrns )2 ∝ T
TP > TQ i.e., Value of q = 1

(11) The value closest to the thermal velocity of a Helium atom at room (17) The mean free path of molecules of a certain gas at ST P is 1500 d,
temperature (300 K)in ms−1 is where d is the diameter of the gas molecules. While maintaining the
[kB = 1.4 × 10−23 J/K; mHe = 7 × 10−27 kg] standard pressure, the mean free path of the molecules at 373 K is
approximately .......... d
(A) 1.3 × 104 (B) 1.3 × 105
(A) 1098 (B) 2049
(C) 1.3 × 10 2
(D) 1.3 × 103
(C) 750 (D) 1500
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
√ √ Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
−23 ×300
v = 3kB T /mHe = 3×1.4×10 7×10−27
= 1.34 × 103 m/s Mean free path
λ = √2πdRT2N P
(12) The average kinetic energy of a molecule of the gas is
A
λ∝T
(A) proportional to absolute temperature 1500d
λ
= 273
373
(B) proportional to volume λ = 2049 d

(C) proportional to pressure (18) The temperature at which the kinetic energy of oxygen molecules
(D) dependent on the nature of the gas becomes double than its value at 27◦ C is ............◦ C
(A) 1227 (B) 927
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(C) 327 (D) 627
Basic theory
Translational K.E on average of a molecule is 32 Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
KT which is independent of nature, pressure and volume. Kinetic energy = f2 kT, T is absolute temperature.
If K1 is kinetic energy at 27◦ C.
(13) The temperature, at which the root mean square velocity of K2 is kinetic energy at new temperature T .
hydrogen molecules equals their escape velocity from the earth is K1
K2
= TT21 ⇒ 12 = 300
T
closest to : [Boltzmans Constant kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K Avogadro T = 600 K
number NA = 6.02 × 1026 /kg Radius of Earth : 6.4 × 106 m T = 327◦ C
Gravitation acceleration on Earth = 10 ms−2 ]
(19) A gas has n degrees of freedom. The ratio of specific heat of gas at
(A) 800 K (B) 104 K
constant volume to the specific heat of gas at constant pressure
(C) 3 × 105 K (D) 650 K will be.
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) (A) n+2n
(B) n+2
n
√ √ (C) n
(D) n
vms = 3RT m
vescape = 2gRe 2n+2 n−2

vrms = vescape Solution:(Correct Answer:A)

3RT
m
= 2gRe Cv = nR Cp = (n+2)R
2 2
3×1.38×10−23 ×6.02×1026
2
× 10 × 103 = 104 k Cv
Cp
= n
n+2

10
 √
(20) A cylindrical container of volume 4.0 × 10−3 m3 contains one mole vvms = 3RT

of hydrogen and two moles of carbon dioxide. Assume the √ M

8RT RT
temperature of the mixture is 400 K The pressure of the mixture of vavg =
√ π M
gases is: vrms
= 3π
[Take gas constant as 8.3 Jmol−1 K −1 ]
vavg 8

(A) 249 × 101 P a (B) 24.9 × 103 P a (26) Same gas is filled in two vessels of the same volume at the same
(C) 24.9 × 10 P a
5
(D) 24.9 P a temperature. If the ratio of the number of molecules is 1 : 4, then
A. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be the
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) same.
V = 4 × 10−3 m3 B. The ratio of pressure in these vessels will be 1 : 4
n = 3 moles C. The ratio of pressure will be 1 : 1
T = 400 K D. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be in the
P V = nRT ⇒ P = nRT V
ratio of 1 : 4
P = 3×8.3×400
4×10−3 (A) A and C only (B) B and D only
= 24.9 × 105 P a (C) A and B only (D) C and D only

(21) Consider a mixture of gas molecule of types A, B and C having Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
masses mA < mB < mC ratio of their root mean square speeds KT G √
at normal temperature and pressure is : A. VRms = 3RT Mm
⇒ VRms is same
(A) vA = vB ̸= vC (B) 1
vA
> 1
vB
> 1
vc B. P
P1
= N 1
⇒ B is correct
2 N2

(C) vA = vB = vC = 0 (D) 1
< 1
< 1 Ans [A&B only are correct]
vA vB vC

Solution:(Correct Answer:D) (27) An ideal gas occupies a volume of 2 m3 at a pressure of 3 × 106 P a.

√ The energy of the gas is
VRMS = 3RT M
mA < mB < mc (A) 9 × 106 J (B) 6 × 104 J
⇒ VA > VB > Vc (C) 108 J (D) Insufficient information
⇒ V1A < V1B < V1c
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(22) A 15 g mass of nitrogen gas is enclosed in a vessel at a temperature Cannot determine, degree of freedom must be given
27 o C. Amount of heat transferred to the gas, so that rms velocity
of molecules is doubled, is about ...... kJ [Take R = 8.3 J/K mole ] (28) One mole of a monoatomic gas is mixed with three moles of a
diatomic gas. The molecular specific heat of mixture at constant
(A) 0.9 (B) 6
volume is α4 RJ/mol K; then the value of α will be ....... (Assume
2

(C) 10 (D) 14 that the given diatomic gas has no vibrational mode.)
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (A) 2 (B) 5
∆Q (= f2)nR∆T (C) 8 (D) 3
= 52 15 (8.3)(1200 − 300) = 10000 J
28 Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(23) For a given gas at 1 atm pressure, rms speed of the molecules is CVmix = n1 Cv 1 +n2 Cv2
n1 +n2
200 m/s at 127 o C. At 2 atm pressure and at 227 o C, the rms speed =
1· 3R
2
+3· 5R
2

of the molecules will be 1+3

√ = 9R 2
= α4 R
(A) 80 m/s (B) 100 5 m/s 4
√ α=3
(C) 100 m/s (D) 80 5 m/s
(29) For the P − V diagram given for an ideal gas, out of the following
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
√ which one correctly represents the T − P diagram ?
Vrms = 3RT M
√w
⇒ vms ∝ T√
√
Now, 200
v
= 500 ⇒ 200
v
= 25
√ 400
⇒ v = 100 5m/s

(24) A cylinder with fixed capacity of 67.2 lit contains helium gas at (A) (B)
ST P . The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the
gas by 20 o C is ..... J [Given that R = 8.31 J mol−1 K −1 ]
(A) 350 (B) 700
(C) 748 (D) 374
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
∆Q( = nC ) (v ∆T = n 23)R∆T (C) (D)
= 22.4 2 × 8.31 (20)
67.2 3

≈ 748J

(25) Consider a sample of oxygen behaving like an ideal gas. At 300 K,

the ratio of root mean square (rms) velocity to the average velocity
of gas molecule would be : )
(Molecular weight of oxygen is 32 g/mol R = 8.3 JK −1 mol−1
√ √ Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(A) 3
(B) 8
8 3
From P − V graph
√ √
(C) 3π
(D) 8π P ∝ V1 , T = constant
8 3
and Pressure is increasing from 2 to 1 so option (c) represents
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) correct T − P graph

11
(30) The root mean square speed of molecules of nitrogen gas at 27◦ C is (i.e., internal kinetic energy)
approximately.......m/s(Given mass of a nitrogen molecule and u = uk = 32 µRT
= 4.6 × 10−26 kg and take Boltzmann constant At constant pressure (∆Q)P = µCp ∆T
kB = 1.4 × 10−23 JK −1 ) At constant volume (∆Q)v = µCv ∆T
(A) 523 (B) 1260 AsCP > CV ∴ (∆T)P < (∆T)V
(C) 91 (D) 27.4 (35) A flask contains argon and oxygen in the ratio of 3 : 2 in mass and
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) the mixture is kept at 27◦ C. The ratio of their average kinetic
√ √ energy per molecule respectively will be ...........
−23 ×300
Vrms = 3km BT
= 3×1.4×10
4.6×10−26
= 523 m/s
(A) 3 : 2 (B) 9 : 4
(31) An HCl molecule has rotational, translational and vibrational (C) 2 : 3 (D) 3 : 5
motions. If the rms velocity of HCl molecules in its gaseous phase
is v̄, m is its mass and kB is Boltzmann constant, then its Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
temperature will be Average K.E./molecule = f2 kT
3 kT
(A) mv̄ 2
3kB
(B) mv̄ 2
7kB So, KAr
KO2
= 2
5 kT = 3
5
2

(C) mv̄ 2
(D) mv̄ 2
5kB 6kB
(36) Match List−I with List−II :
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
List−I List−II
According
( 2 ) to equipartion energy theorem
1
m vms = 3 × 1
k b T (A) 3 Translational de- (I) Monoatomic gases
2 2
−2
mV̄rms grees of freedom
T = 3k
(B) 3 Translational,2 ro- (II) Polyatomic gases
(32) A thermally insulated vessel contains an ideal gas of molecular mass tational degrees of free-
M and ratio of specific heats 1.4. Vessel is moving with speed v and doms
is suddenly brought to rest. Assuming no heat is lost to the
surrounding and vessel temperature of the gas increases by ... ( R = (C) 3 Translational,2 ro- (III) Rigid diatomic
universal gas constant ) tational and 1 vibra- gases
tional degrees of free-
(A) M v2
(B) M v2
7R 5R
dom
(C) 2 M7R (D) 7 M5R
2 2
v v
(D) 3 Translational,3 ro- (IV ) Nonrigid diatomic
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) tational and more than gases
CP
Cv
= 1 + F2 = 1.4 ⇒ F = 5 one vibrational degrees
By conservation of energy of freedom
F
2
nR∆T = 12 [nm]v 2 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (III), (C) − (II), (D) − (I)
2
v2
∆T = mvFR
= M5R
(B) (A) − (IV ), (B) − (II), (C) − (I), (D) − (III)
(33) A flask contains Hydrogen and Argon in the ratio 2 : 1 by mass. The
temperature of the mixture is 30◦ C. The ratio of average kinetic (C) (A) − (I), (B) − (III), (C) − (IV ), (D) − (II)
energy per molecule of the two gases ( K argon/ K hydrogen) is: (D) (A) − (I), (B) − (IV ), (C) − (III), (D) − (II)
(Given: Atomic Weight of Ar = 39.9)
(A) 1 (B) 2 Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) 39.9
(D) 39.9 Factual
2

Solution:(Correct Answer:A) (37) A cylinder of fixed capacity of 44.8 litres contains helium gas at
Average KE per molecule = 32 kT standard temperature and pressure. The amount of heat needed to
KAS
KH
= 11 raise the temperature of gas in the cylinder by 20.0◦ C will be ..............
J(Given gas constant R = 8.3 JK −1 − moI −1 )
(34) This question has Statement −1 and Statement −2. Of the four
(A) 249 (B) 415
choices given after the Statements, choose the one that best
describes the two Statements. (C) 498 (D) 830
Statement 1 : The internal energy of a perfect gas is entirely kinetic
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
and depends only on absolute temperature of the gas and not on its
pressure or volume. No of moles = 22.4
44.8
=2
Statement 2 : A perfect gas is heated keeping pressure constant Gas is mono atomic so CV = 32 R
and later at constant volume. For the same amount of heat the ∆Q = nCv ∆T
temperature of the gas at constant pressure is lower than that at = 2 × 32 R(20)
constant volume. = 60R
(A) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is true and = 60 × 8.3
Statement −2 is the correct explanation of Statement −1 = 498 J

(B) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is false. (38) The correct relation between the degree of freedom f and the ratio
(C) Statement −1 is true, Statement −2 is true but of specific heat γ is
Statement −2 is not the correct explanation of Statement −1 (A) f = 1
(B) f = 2
γ+1 γ−1
(D) Statement −1 is false, Statement −2 is true
(C) f = γ+1
2
(D) f = 2
γ+1
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
Internal energy of a system is the energy possessed by the system
γ = 1 + f2 ,
due to molecular motion and molecular configuration.
Internal energy u = uk + up ⇒ γ − 1 = f2
For an ideal gas there is no molecular attraction up = 0 ⇒ f2 = γ−1
1

∴ Internal energy u = uk ⇒ f = γ−12

12
(39) If 1022 gas molecules each of mass 10−26 kg collide with a surface Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
√
(perpendicular to it)elastically per second over an area 1 m2 with a
Vrms = 3RT
speed 104 m/s, the pressure exerted by the gas molecules will be of M
V = V
the order of √ N 2 H2 √
(A) 108 m (B) 103 m
N N 3RTN2 3RTH2
2 2 MN2
= MH2

(C) 104 N
m2
(D) None of this 573
=
TH2
⇒ TH2 = 40.928
28 2
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(43) Consider a gas of triatomic molecules. The molecules are assumed
Pressure is defined as normal force per unit area. to the triangular and made of massless rigid rods whose vertices are
Force is calculated as change in momentum/time. occupied by atoms. The internal energy of a mole of the gas at
By this answer is 2N/m2 temperature T is ......RT
None of the option matches so this question must be Bonus.
Detailed solution is as following:
M agnitude of change in momentum per collision = 2 mv
Pressure = Force
Area
= N (2mv)
1
22 −26
×104
= 10 ×2×10
1
= 2N/m2
(A) 4.5 (B) 1.5
(C) 2.5 (D) 3
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
DOF = 3 + 3 = 6
U = f2 nRT = 3RT

(44) The temperature of an ideal gas is increased from 200 K to 800 K. If

(40) The plot that depicts the behavior of the mean free time t (time r.m.s. speed of gas at 200 K is v0 . Then, r.m.s. speed of the gas at
between two successive collisions) for the molecules of an ideal 800 K will be:
gas, as a function of temperature (T ), qualitatively, is (Graphs are (A) v0 (B) 4v0
schematic and not drawn to scale)
(C) v0
(D) 2v0
(A) (B) 4

Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
√
Vrms = 3RT
√M
⇒ Vrms α T
Increasing temperature 4 times, rms speed gets doubled.

(45) Molecules of an ideal gas are known to have three translational

degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom. The gas
is maintained at a temperature of T . The
( total) internal energy, U of
(C) (D) a mole of this gas, and the value of γ = C P
given, respectively,
Cv
by
(A) U = 52 RT and γ = 6
5
(B) U = 5RT and γ = 7
5
(C) U = 5RT and γ = 6
5
(D) U = 5
2
RT and γ = 7
5

Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
Total degree of freedom = 3 + 2 = 5
U = nf2RT ⇒ 5RT 2
γ⇒ C CP
V
⇒ 1 + f2 ⇒ 1 + 25 ⇒ 75
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(46) Consider two ideal diatomic gases A and B at some temperature T .
Mean free time = Mean free path
Average speed Molecules of the gas A are rigid, and have a mass m. Molecules of
=
√ 1
√2πD2 n the gas B have an additional vibrational mode, and have a mass m4 .
8RT
πMw The ratio of the specific heats (CAv and CBv ) of gas A and B,
t∝ 1
√
T
respectively is
(A) 7 : 9 (B) 5 : 7
(41) A gas mixture consists of 2 moles of oxygen and 4 moles of neon at
temperature T . Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal (C) 3 : 5 (D) 5 : 9
energy of the system will be ........... RT Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(A) 8 (B) 16 Degree of freedom of a diatomic molecule if vibration is absent = 5
(C) 4 (D) 11 Degree of freedom of a diatomic molecule if vibration is present
=7
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) ∴ CvA = f2A R = 52 R and CvB = f2B R = 72 R
(Cv )mix = n1 Cv 1 +n2 Cv2
CvA
n1 +n2 ∴ CvB
= 5
7
2× 5 R+4× 3 R
(Cv )mix = 2
= 11R
2+46
2

∆U = n (Cv )mix RT = 6 11R × RT = 11R (47) What will be the average value of energy along one degree of
6
freedom for an ideal gas in thermal equilibrium at a temperature
(42) Nitrogen gas is at 300◦ C temperature. The temperature (in K) at T ? (kB is Boltzmann constant)
which the rms speed of a H2 , molecule would be equal to the rms (A) 1
k T (B) 2
k T
2 B 3 B
speed of a nitrogen molecule, is........
(Molar mass of N2 gas 28 g ) (C) 3
k T
2 B
(D) kB T

(A) 45 (B) 41 Solution:(Correct Answer:A)

Energy associated with each degree of freedom per = 12 kB T
(C) 38 (D) 49

13
(48) The correct relation between γ = and temperature T is : Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
Cp
cv

(A) γ ∝ √1 (B) γ ∝ T ◦ For a quasi-static process the change in internal energy of an ideal
T
gas is
(C) γ ∝ 1
T
(D) γ ∝ T ∆U = nCV ∆T
= n × 3R × ∆T
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) 2
[molar heat capacity at constant volume for mono atomic gas = 3R
γ is independent of temperature ]
2

∆U = 7 × 2 × 8.3 × 40 = 3486 J
3
(49) Given below are two statements:
Statement I : In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a (54) When heat Q is supplied to a diatomic gas of rigid molecules at
given temperature obeys Maxwell’s distribution. constant volume its temperature increases by ∆T. The heat
Statement II : In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a required to produce the same change in temperature, at constant
given temperature equals the translational kinetic energy for each pressure is
molecule.
(A) 3
Q (B) 5
Q
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer 2 3

from the options given below: (C) 7

5
Q (D) 2
3
Q
(A) Statement I is false but Statement II is true. Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(B) Both Statement I and Statement II are false. Q = Cv∆T
(C) Both Statement I and Statement II are true. Q′ = CP ∆T ( )
Q′ = CCP
Q = 1 + 25 Q = 75 Q
(D) Statement I is true but Statement II is false. V

(55) A system consists of two types of gas molecules A and B having

Solution:(Correct Answer:D) same number density 2× 1025 /m3 . The diameter of A and B are
Translational degree of freedom = 3 ◦ ◦
10 A and 5 A respectively. They suffer collision at room
Rotational degree of freedom = 2
temperature. The ratio of average distance covererd by the
molecule A to that of B between two successive collision is
(50) A gas mixture consists of 3 moles of oxygen and 5 moles of argon at
..... × 10−2
temperature T . Assuming the gases to be ideal and the oxygen
bond to be rigid, the total internal energy (in units of RT ) of the (A) 20 (B) 25
mixture is (C) 75 (D) 80
(A) 11 (B) 15
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(C) 20 (D) 13 λ = √2πd1
2n

Solution:(Correct Answer:B) λ1
λ2
d2 n
= d22 n2
u = f1 n21 RT + f2 n22 RT ( 5 )21 1
= 10 = 0.25 = 25 × 10−2
u = 25 × 3RT + 3×5RT 2
= 15RT
(56) Modern vacuum pumps can evacuate a vessel down to a pressure
(51) At room temperature a diatomic gas is found to have an r.m.s. of 4.0 × 10−15 atm at room temperature (300 K). Taking
speed of 1930 ms−1 . The gas is R = 8.0 JK −1 mole−1 , 1 atm = 105 P a and
(A) H2 (B) Cl2 NAvogadro = 6 × 1023 mole−1 , the mean distance between
(C) O2 (D) F2 molecules of gas in an evacuated vessel will be of the order of
(A) 0.2 µm (B) 0.2 mm
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
√ (C) 0.2 cm (D) 0.2 nm
∵ C = 3RT M
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(19302 ) = 3×8.314×300
M Formula for mean free path-
M = 3×8.314×300
1930×1930
≈ 2 × 10−3 kg KT
Y = √2πσ
The gas is H2 2p

-wherein
(52) A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen has volume 2000 cm3 , σ = Diameter of the molecule
temperature 300 K, pressure 100 kP a and mass 0.76 g The ratio of p = pressure of the gas
number of moles of hydrogen to number of moles of oxygen in the T = temperature
mixture will be K = Boltzmann’s Constant
(A) 13 (B) 31 Let intermolecular distance be D then in a volume 4π
3
D3 there is
only one
(C) 1
(D) 16 ( )1/3
16 1 4π
3
D 3
P = 1
NA
= R T or D = 3RT
4πNA P
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) Put P = &4 × 10−10 P a, R = 83, NA = 6 × 1023
P V = nRT
3 −6 T = &300K
n = 100×1025×2000×10
×300 D = 0.2mm
3
n = 80 × 10−3
n1 + n2 = 0.08 (57) 0.056 kg of Nitrogen is enclosed in a vessel at a temperature of
n1 × 2 + n2 × 32 = 0.76 127 ◦ C. The amount of heat required to double the speed of its
(0.08 − n2 ) 2 + n2 (32) = 0.76 molecules is k cal. (Take R = 2 cal mole −1 K −1 )
n2 = 0.02 (A) 12 (B) 18
n1 = 0.06
n1 (C) 17 (D) 122
n2
= 31
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(53) 7 mole of certain monoatomic ideal gas undergoes a temperature 0.056 kgN N2 =√56 gm of N2 = 2 mole of N2
increase of 40K at constant pressure. The increase in the internal T1 = 400 K, vα T so T2 = 4T1 = 1600 K
energy of the gas in this process is....J (Given R = 8.3JK −1 mol−1 ) Q = f2 nR∆T
(A) 5810 (B) 3486 f =5
Q = 12 k cal
(C) 11620 (D) 6972

14
(58) cP and cV are specific heats at constant pressure and constant 3
2
kT = eV
volume respectively. It is observed that 3
2
× 1.38 ×10−23 T = 1.6 × 10−19 × 0.1
cP − cV = a for hydrogen gas ⇒ T = 773k
cP − cV = b for nitrogen gas T = 773 − 273 = 500◦ C
The correct relation between a and b is
(63) If the degree of freedom of a gas are f, then the ratio of two
(A) a = 141
b (B) a = b specific heats CP /CV is given by
(C) a = 14b (D) a = 28b (A) 2
+1 (B) 1 − 2
f f
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) 1 + f1 (D) 1 − 1
As we know, CP − Cv = E where Cp and Cv are molar specific
f
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
heat capacities CP
or, CP − Cv = M R
CV
= γ = 1 + f2
For hydrogen (M = 2)Cp − Cv = a = R 2 (64) The number of molecules in one litre of an ideal gas at 300 K and 2
F or nitrogen (M = 28) Cp − Cv = b = 28
R
atmospheric pressure with mean kinetic energy 2 × 10−9 J per
∴ b = 14 or, a = 14b
a
molecules is .... × 1011
(59) An ideal gas in a closed container is slowly heated. As its (A) 6 (B) 3
temperature increases, which of the following statements are true? (C) 1.5 (D) 0.75
(A) the mean free path of the molecules decreases. Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(B) the mean collision time between the molecules decreases. KE = 32 kT
(C) the mean free path remains unchanged. P V = NNA RT
(D) the mean collision time remains unchanged.
N = PkTV
(A) (C) and (D) (B) (A) and (B) = N = 1.5 × 1011
(C) (A) and (D) (D) (B) and (C)
(65) The root mean square velocity of molecules of gas is
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) ( )
(A) Proportional to square of temperature T 2 .
The mean free path of molecules of an ideal gas is given as √
λ = √2πdV
2N
(B) Inversely proportional to square root of temperature 1
T
.
V = Volume of container √
(C) Proportional to square root of temperature T .
where: N = No of molecules
Hence with increasing temp since volume of container does not (D) Proportional to temperature (T ).
change (closed container), so mean free path is unchanged. Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Average collision time
The rms speed
√ of a gas molecule is
= meanVfree path
= λ
av √ ( avg speed of molecules ) VRM S = 3RT
∵ avg speed α T √ M

∴ Avg coll. time α √1T VRM S α T

Hence with increase in temperature the average collision time (66) The number of air molecules per cm3 increased from 3 × 1019 to
decreases. 12 × 1019 . The ratio of collision frequency of air molecules before
and after the increase in number respectively is .........
(60) An ideal gas has molecules with 5 degrees of freedom. The ratio of
specific heats at constant pressure (Cp ) and at constant volume (A) 1.25 (B) 0.25
(Cv ) is (C) 0.75 (D) 0.50
(A) 6 (B) 3.5 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(C) 2.5 (D) 1.4 Collision frequency, √
f = λV = ( V ) = 2πd2 vnv
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) √ 1
2πd2 nψ
The ratio of specific heats at constant pressure (Cp ) and constant ∴ f ∝ nv , nv is number density
volume (Cv() )
f1 n
= nrr1 = 12×10
3×1019
f2 −19 = 0.25
Cp 2
= γ = 1 + f2
(67) The volume V of an enclosure contains a mixture of three gases,
Cv
where(fis degree
) of freedom
Cp 16 g of oxygen, 28 g of nitrogen and 44 g of carbon dioxide at
= 1 + 25 = 75
Cv absolute temperature T . Consider R as universal gas constant. The
(61) In the isothermal expansion of 10 g of gas from volume V to 2V the pressure of the mixture of gases is
work done by the gas is 575 J. What is the root mean square speed (A) 88RT
V
(B) 3RT
V
of the molecules of the gas at that temperature ..... m/s?
(C) 5 RT
2 V
(D) 4RT
V
(A) 398 (B) 520 Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) 499 (D) 532 P V = (n1[+ n2 + n3 ) RT ]
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) P × V [= 3216
+ 28
28]
+ 44
44
RT
√ P V = 12 + 1 + 1 RT
vrms = mass3P V
of the gas P = 52 RT
V

(62) The average translational kinetic energy of N2 gas molecules at (68) According to kinetic theory of gases,
. . . . . . . . . ..◦ C becomes equal to the K.E. of an electron A. The motion of the gas molecules freezes at 0◦ C
accelerated from rest through a potential) difference of 0.1 volt. B. The mean free path of gas molecules decreases if the density of
( Given kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J/K molecules is increased.
(Fill the nearest integer). C. The mean free path of gas molecules increases if temperature is
(A) 500 (B) 50 increased keeping pressure constant.
D. Average kinetic energy per molecule per degree of freedom is
(C) 5 (D) 0.5 3
k T (for monoatomic gases)
2 B
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
Given (A) A and C only (B) B and C only
Translation K.E. of N2 = KE. of electron
(C) A and B only (D) C and D only

15
 Solution:(Correct Answer:B) (72) Let γ1 be the ratio of molar specific heat at constant pressure and
kT
λ = √2πd 2P
molar specific heat at constant volume of a monoatomic gas and γ2
be the similar ratio of diatomic gas. Considering the diatomic gas
(69) Given below are two statements: molecule as a rigid rotator, the ratio, γγ12 is
Statements I : The temperature of a gas is −73◦ C. When the gas is (A) 27
(B) 35
heated to 527◦ C, the root mean square speed of the molecules is
35 27

doubled. (C) 25
21
(D) 21
25
Statement II : The product of pressure and volume of an ideal gas Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
will be equal to translational kinetic energy of the molecules. For monoatomic gas
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer γ1 = 35
from the options given below : For diatomic gas at low temperatures
(A) Both statement I and Statement II are true γ2 = 75
5
(B) Statement I is true but Statement II is false ∴ γ1 3 25
γ2
= 7 = 21
5
(C) Both Statement I and Statement II are false (73) In a dilute gas at pressure P and temperature T , the mean time
(D) Statement I is false but Statement II is true between
√ successive collisions of a molecule varies with T as
(A) T (B) T1
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(C) √1T (D) T
Statement−I
T1 = −73◦ C = 200 K Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
√
T2 = 527
√
◦
C = 800 K vavg ∝ T
3RT1 √ t0 : mean time
V1
= √ 3RTM
= TT12
V2 2 λ : mean free path
√ M
λ
t0 = vavg × √1T
= 800 = 12
200

V2 = 2V1 (True) (74) The total internal energy of two mole monoatomic ideal gas at
Statement−II temperature T = 300 K will be ...........J.
P V = nRT (Given R = 8.31 J/mol.K)
Translational KE = 32 nRT (False) (A) 7567 (B) 7771

(70) Match the CP

ratio for ideal gases with different type of molecules (C) 7479 (D) 8976
Cv
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Moleculae type CP
Cv U = nCv T
(A) Monoatomic (I) 7
5
= 2 × 32 R × 300
= 900R = 900 × 8 · 31 = 7479 J
(B) Diatomic rigid (II) 9
7
molecules (75) To raise the temperature of a certain mass of gas by 50◦ C at a
constant pressure, 160 calories of heat is required. When the same
(C) Diatomic non-rigid (III) 4
3 mass of gas is cooled by 100◦ C at constant volume, 240 calories of
molecules heat is released. How many degrees of freedom does each molecule
(D) Triatomic rigid (IV ) 5 of this gas have (assume gas to be ideal) ?
3
molecules (A) 5 (B) 3
(A) A − IV, B − I, C − II, D − III (C) 6 (D) 7
(B) A − IV, B − II, C − I, D − III Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) A − III, B − IV, C − II, D − I nCP (50) = 160
nCv (100) = 240
(D) A − II, B − III, C − I, D − IV C
⇒ 2Cpv = 160 = γ2
240

Solution:(Correct Answer:A) ∴ γ = 34 and f = γ−1

2
=6
C
γ = Cvp = 1 + f2 (76) Number of molecules in a volume of 4 cm3 of a perfect monoatomic
where ′ f ′ is degree of freedom gas at some temperature T and at a pressure of 2 cm of mercury is
(A) Monoatomic f = 3, γ = 1 + 32 = 5
3 close to ?
(B) Diatomic rigid molecules, (Given, mean kinetic energy of a molecule (at T ) is 4 × 10−14 erg,
f = 5, γ = 1 + 23 = 75 g = 980 cm/s2 , density of mercury = 13.6 g/cm3 )
(C) Diatomic non-rigid molecules (A) 5.8 × 1018 (B) 5.8 × 1016
f = 7, γ = 1 + 27 = 97
(D) Triatomic rigid molecules (C) 4.0 × 10 18
(D) 4.0 × 1016
f = 6, γ = 1 + 26 = 43 Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
n = PRT , 2 kT = 4 × 10−14
V 3

(71) A vessel contains 14 g of nitrogen gas at a temperature of 27◦ C. N = RT × N a

PV

The amount of heat to be transferred to the gap to double the r.m.s. = 2×13.6×980×4
8 ×10−14 = 3.99 × 1018
speed of its molecules will be ......J ( Take R = 8.32 J mol−1 k−1 ) 3

(A) 2229 (B) 5616 (77) If the r.m.s. speed of chlorine molecule is 490 m/s at 27◦ C, the
r.m.s. speed of argon molecules at the same temperature will be
(C) 9360 (D) 13104 ...... m/s (Atomic mass of argon = 39.9 u, molecular mass of
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) chlorine = 70.9 u)
√
vrms ∝ √T (A) 751.7 (B) 451.7
vrms ∝ 300 K, vrmsf = 2vrmsi (C) 651.7 (D) 551.7
√
vrmsf ∝ 1200 K Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Tf = 1200 K, Ti = 300K, n = 14 = 1 √ √
28 2 vAr MCl
Q = nCv ∆T = 12 × 5R × 900 Vrms = 3RT M vCl
= M Ar
2
Q = 9360 J ⇒ vAr = 1.33 × 490 = 651.7 m/s

16
(78) The relation between root mean square speed (vrms ) and most Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
√ √
probable speed (vp ) for the molar mass M of oxygen gas molecule −23 ×293
Vrms = 3kT = 3×1.38×10
at the temperature of 300 K will be m 5×10−17
√ √ ≈ 15 mm/s
(A) vrms = 23 vp (B) vrms = 32 vp
√ (83) A gas molecule of mass M at the surface of the Earth has kinetic
(C) vrms = vp (D) vrms = 13 vp energy equivalent to 0 o C. If it were to go up straight without
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) colliding with any other molecules, how high it would rise? Assume
√ √ that the height attained is much less than radius of the earth. (kB is
vrms = 3RT and vmp = 2RT Boltzmann constant)
M
√ M

Thus vrms = 2 vmp

3
(A) 0 (B) 273kB
2M g

(79) N moles of a diatomic gas in a cylinder are at a temperature T . (C) 546kB

3M g
(D) 819kB
2M g
Heat is supplied to the cylinder such that the temperature remains Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
constant but n moles of the diatomic gas get converted into
Kinetic energy of each molecule,
monoatomic gas. What is the change in the total kinetic energy of
KE = 32 KB T
the gas ?
In the given problem,
(A) 1
2
nRT (B) 0 Temperature, T = 0◦ C = 273K
(C) 3
2
nRT (D) 5
2
nRT Height attained by the gas molecule, h =?
KE = 32 KB (273) = 819K B
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) 2
K.E = PE
Energyassociated with N moles of diatomic ⇒ 819K B
= M gh
gas, 2
h = 819k B
Ui = N 52 RT 2M g

Energy associated with n moles of monoatomic gas

(84) When a gas filled in a closed vessel is heated by raising the
= n 32 RT
temperature by 1◦ C, its pressure increase by 0.4%. The initial
Total energy when n moles of diatomic gas converted into
temperature of the gas is ..........K
monoatomic
(Uf ) = 2n 32 RT + (N − n) 52 RT (A) 270 (B) 258
= 12 nRT + 52 N RT (C) 250 (D) 290
Now, change in total kinetic energy of the
gas Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
∆U = Q = 12 nRT pV = nRT
∆P.V = nR∆T
(80) On the basis of kinetic theory of gases, the gas exerts pressure ⇒ ∆P = ∆T 0.4
= 100
P T
because its molecules: ⇒ T = 0.4 = 250K
100×1

(A) continuously lose their energy till it reaches wall.

(B) are attracted by the walls of container. (85) 2 kg of a monoatomic gas is at a pressure of 4 × 104 N /m2 . The
density of the gas is 8 kg/m3 . What is the order of energy of the gas
(C) continuously stick to the walls of container.
due to its thermal motion ?
(D) suffer change in momentum when impinge on the walls of (A) 103 J (B) 105 J
container.
(C) 104 J (D) 106 J
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
From the assumption of KT G, the molecules of gas collide with Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
the walls and suffers momentum change which results in force on E = 21 MV2m( )
the wall and hence pressure. = 1
2
×2× 3P
ρ

= 1.5 × 104 J
4
(81) Three vessels of equal volume contain gases at the same
3×4×10
= 8
temperature and pressure. The first vessel contains neon
(monoatomic), the second contains chlorine (diatomic) and third (86) Which of the following graphs represent the behavior of an ideal
contains uranium hexafloride (polyatomic). Arrange these on the gas ? Symbols have their usual meaning.
basis of their root mean square speed (vms ) and choose the correct (A) (B)
answer from the options given below:
(A) vrms ( mono ) = vrms ( dia ) = vrms ( poly )
(B) vrms ( mono ) > vrms ( dia ) > vrms (poly)
(C) vrms ( dia ) < vrms ( poly ) < vrms ( mono )
(D) vrms (mono) < vrms (dia) < vrms (poly )

Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
√
vrms ( mono ) = 4×10 3RT
−3 (C) (D)
√
vrms ( dia ) = 71×10−3
3RT
√
3RT
vrms (ply) = 146×10 −3

So correct relation is
vrms ( mono ) > vrms ( dia ) > vrms ( poly )

(82) The root mean square speed of smoke particles of mass

5 × 10−17 kg in their Brownian motion in air at NTP is approximately
....... mm s−1 [Given k = 1.38 × 10−23 J K −1 ] Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(A) 60 (B) 12 P V = nRT
PV ∝ T
(C) 15 (D) 36

17
(87) Two gases-argon (atomic radius 0.07 nm,atomic weight 40 ) and
xenon (atomic radius 0.1 nm, atomic weight 140 ) have the same
number density and are at the same temperature. The raito of their
respective mean free times is closest to
(A) 1.09 (B) 4.67
(C) 1.83 (D) 2.3

Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
1
λ = √2πn
vd √
2

M
(A) P, M and D (B) M, D and P
τ = λv = √2πn1 d2 v = √2πn
1
√ d
(C) P, D and M (D) D, M and P
2 3RT
v v
2
τ1 1 d2
τ2
= M M2 d2
√ 1
2
40 (0.1)
= 140 (0.07)2
= 1.09 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
On giving same amount of heat at constant pressure, there is no
(88) The rms speeds of the molecules of Hydrogen, Oxygen and change in temperature
( for mono, dia and polyatomic.
)
Carbondioxide at the same temperature are VH , V0 and VC No. of molecules
(∆Q)P = µCp ∆T µ =
respectively then Avogedro’s na
or ∆T ∝ no of molecules
1
(A) VH > V0 > VC (B) VC > V0 > VH
(C) VH = V0 > VC (D) VH = VO = VC

Solution:(Correct Answer:A) (92) What will be the effect on the root mean square velocity of oxygen
√
VRM S = M 3RT molecules if the temperature is doubled and oxygen molecule
W
dissociates into atomic oxygen?
At the same temperature VRM S ∝ √1
Mw (A) The velocity of atomic oxygen remains same
⇒ VH > V0 > VC
(B) The velocity of atomic oxygen doubles
(89) A vessel contains 16 g of hydrogen and 128 g of oxygen at standard (C) The velocity of atomic oxygen becomes half
temperature and pressure. The volume of the vessel in cm3 is (D) The velocity of atomic oxygen becomes four times
(A) 72 × 105 (B) 32 × 105
(C) 27 × 10 4
(D) 54 × 104
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) √
Vmms = 3RT
No of moles of H2 = 8 moles M

No of moles of O2 = 4 moles T → 2T
Total moles = 12 moles M→ M 2√

At ST P 1 mole occupy = 22.4ℓ = 22.4 × 103 cm3 Vrms ∝ M T

12 moles will occupy = 12 × 22.4 × 103 cm3 ≈ 26.8 × 104 cm3 √

⇒ (Vrms )atomic = (Vrms )molecular × 2
1/2
= 2 (Vms )molecular

(90) The temperature of an open room of volume 30 m3 increases from

17o C to 27vC due to sunshine. The atmospheric pressure in the
room remains 1 × 105 P a. Ifni and nr are the number of molecules (93) For three low density gases A, B, C pressure versus temperature
in the room before and after heating, then nf − ni will be : graphs are plotted while keeping them at constant volume, as
(A) −1.61 × 1023 (B) 1.38 × 1023 shown in the figure.
(C) 2.5 × 1023 (D) −2.5 × 1025 The temperature corresponding to the point ’ K ’ is ........... ◦ C

Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
Given: Temperature Ti = 17 + 273 = 290K
Temperature Tf = 27 + 273 = 300K
Atmospheric pressure, P0 = 1 × 105 P a
V olume of room, V0 = 30m3
Dif f erence in number of molecules, Nf − Ni =?
The number of molecules (A) −273 (B) −100
⇒ N = PRT V
(N0 ) ( ) (C) −373 (D) −40
P0 V0 1 1
∴ Nf − Ni = − N0
R Tf Ti
( )
1 × 105 × 30 1 1
= × 6.023 × 1023 − Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
8.314 300 290
For isochoric process
= −2.5 × 1025 P
T
= n VR = constant
P = nRV
(t + 273)
(91) Figure shows the variation in temperature (∆T ) with the amount of If P = 0 ⇒ t = −273◦ C
heat supplied (Q) in an isobaric process corresponding to a
monoatomic (M ), diatomic (D) and a polyatomic (P ) gas. The
initial state of all the gases are the same and the scales for the two
axes coincide. Ignoring vibrational degrees of freedom, the lines a, b (94) Which of the following shows the correct relationship between the
and c respectively correspond to pressure ′ P ′ and density ρ of an ideal gas at constant temperature ?

18
 n1 Cr1 +n2 Cr2
(A) CV = n1 +n2
2× 32
R+6× 52
R
= 2+6
= 9
4
R

(97) If the collision frequency of hydrogen molecules in a closed

chamber at 27◦ C is Z, then the collision frequency of the same
system at 127◦ C is :
√
(A) 2
3
Z (B) 4
3
Z
(C) √2 Z
3
(D) 3
4
Z
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(B) Assuming mean free path constant.
√
f∝v∝ T
√ √
f1 T1
f2
= T2
= 300400
√
f2 = 3 = f1 = √23 Z
4

(98) The total kinetic energy of 1 mole of oxygen at 27◦ C is :

[Use universal gas constant (R) = 8.31 J/moleK ]
(A) 6845.5 J (B) 5942.0 J
(C) 6232.5 J (D) 5670.5 J
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) Kinetic energy = f2 nRT
= 52 × 1 × 8.31 × 300 J
= 6232.5 J

(99) The root mean square speed of molecules of a given mass of a gas
at 27◦ C and 1 atmosphere pressure is 200 ms−1 . The root mean
square speed of molecules of the gas at 127◦ C and 2 atmosphere
pressure is √x3 ms−1 . The value of x will be ......ms−1 .
(A) 200 (B) 300
(C) 400 (D) 500
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
√
(D)
vrms = 3RT
√ M
vrms ∝ T√
(vrms )2
(vrms )1
= TT21
√
= 400300
= √23
(vrms )2 = √23 (vrms )1
= √23 × 200
(vrms )2 = 400
√ m/s
3
= 400

(100) An ideal monoatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring

Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
loaded piston of cross section 8.0 × 10−3 m2 . Initially the gas is at
As we know for an ideal gas at constant 300 K and occupies a volume of 2.4 × 10−3 m3 and the spring is in
temperature, pressure P = ρRT
M its relaxed state as shown in figure. The gas is heated by a small
P∝ρ heater until the piston moves out slowly by 0.1 m. The force
∴ R, T&M are constant, so pressure (P )varies linearlywith density constant of the spring is 8000 N /m and the atmospheric pressure is
(ρ). 1.0 × 105 N /m2 . The cylinder and the piston are thermally
insulated. The piston and the spring are massless and there is no
(95) The parameter that remains the same for molecules of all gases at a friction between the piston and the cylinder. The final temperature
given temperature is : of the gas will be: (Neglect the heat loss through the lead wires of
(A) kinetic energy (B) momentum the heater . The heat capacity of the heater coil is also negligible)
(C) mass (D) speed

Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
KE = 2f kT
Conceptual

(96) Two moles a monoatomic gas is mixed with six moles of a diatomic
gas. The molar specific heat of the mixture at constant volume is:
(A) 9
4
R (B) 7
4
R
(C) 3
R (D) 5
R
(A) 300 (B) 500
2 2

Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(C) 800 (D) 1000

19
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
A = 8 × 10−3 m2
T1 = 300K
V1 = 2.4 × 10−3 m3
V2 = V1 + A∆x
= 2.4 × 10−3 × 8 × 10−3 × 0.1
= 3.2 × 10−3 m3
K = 8000N/m
T2 =?
P1 = 105 N /m2
P2 = P0 + kx
A
= 105 + 8000×0.1
8×10−3
= 2 × 105 N/m2
P1 V1
T1
= PT2 V2 2
105 ×2.4×10−3 2×105 ×3.2×10−3
300
= T2
T2 = 3.2×300
1.2
= 800K

20