SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

A
MICROPROJECT

On

“SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT”

Submitted By

Name of Student: Kharat Rahul Dipak. Enrollment No: 2200300327

Class: CE5I

Under The Guidance

Mr. R. D. Vikhe .

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology and
Engineering (Polytechnic) Pravaranagar-413736.
(2024-25)

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Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology and

Engineering (Polytechnic) Pravaranagar-413736

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that

Kharat Rahul Dipak. Enrollment No: 2200300327
Class: CE5I

Has successfully submitted the Micro Project

on
“SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT”
Towards the partial fulfillment of
Diploma in Civil Engineering affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical
Education, Mumbai during academic year 2024-2025

(Mr. R. D. Vikhe) (Mr. S. K. Gorde )

Guide HOD

Place: Loni
Date:

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Micro Project Evaluation Sheet (Group)

Academic Year: 2024-25 Name of Faculty: Mr. R. D. Vikhe.

Course: PHE Course: Code: 22504 Semester: 5th

Title of Micro Project: SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT.

Cos addressed by the Micro Project:

a Identify the sources and characteristics of water and wastewater.

b Estimate the quantity of drinking water and wastewater generated.
c Draw labeled systems of plumbing for building sanitation.
d Draw the flow diagram for process of treatment of water and wastewater.
e Identify various accessories for efficient conveyance and distribution of water.

Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the project:

a) Practical Outcomes: Sewage Treatment Plants treat water in various steps to remove.

b) Outcomes in Cognitive domain: -

C) Outcomes in Affective domain: The major aim of wastewater treatment is to remove as much of
the suspended solids as possible before the remaining water, called effluent, is discharged back to
the environment.

Comments /Suggestions about team work / leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

Skills are necessary for effective teamwork ,as a well as networking and work related social eve.

Marks out of Marks out of

6 for 4 for
Total out
Roll Enrollment Performance Performance
Full Name of Student of
No. No. in group in oral/
10
activity presentation
(D5) (D5)

14 Kharat Rahul Dipak. 2200300327

Name & Sign of Faculty

Mr. R. D. Vikhe.

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

Micro Project Evaluation Sheet (individual)

Name of Student: Kharat Rahul Dipak. Enrollment No:- 2200300327

Name of Programe: Civil Engineering. Semester : 5th

Course Title: PHE Code:22504

Title of the Micro-Project: SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT.

Course Outcomes Achieved:

Draw the flow diagram for process of treatment of water and wastewater .

Sr. No Characteristic to be Poor (Marks 1- Average Good (Marks 6- Excellent (Marks Sub
assessed 3) (Marks 4-5) 8) 9-10) Total

A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 marks)

01 Relevance to the course

02 Literature review /
information collection

03 Completion of the target

as per project proposal

04 Analysis of data and

representation

05 Quality of
prototype/Model

06 Report Preparation

(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)

07 Presentation

08 Viva

(A) (B) Total Marks 10

Process and product Individual
Assessment(6 marks) Presentation /Viva

Name and designation of the Teacher: Mr. R. D. Vikhe. Dated Signature:

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

Micro-Project Proposal
Title of Micro Project: SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

1.0 Aims/Benefits of Micro Project (min 30-50 words)

The overall aim of treating sewage is to produce an effluent that can be discharged to the environment while causing as
little water pollution as possible, or to produce an effluent that can be reused in a useful manner. This is achieved by
removing contaminants from the sewage. It is a form of waste management.
2.0 Course Outcome(s) Addressed:

A: Draw the flow diagram for process of treatment of water and wastewater
..
3.0 Proposed Methodology (procedure in brief that will be followed to do the micro project in about 100-200 words)
This traditional method involves excavating a trench along the desired pipe route and laying the pipes directly into the
trench. The trench is then backfilled and compacted after the pipes are installed

4.0 Action Plan (sequence and time required for major activities)
Sr. Planned start date Planned finish date Name of responsible
Details of Activity
No. team members
1. SEARCH THE TITLE Kharat Rahul Dipak
2. COLLECT THE Kharat Rahul Dipak
INFORMATION

3. LITERATURE REVIEW Kharat Rahul Dipak

4. ABSTRACT Kharat Rahul Dipak
5. DIAGRAM OF FIXED Kharat Rahul Dipak
DOME TYPE BIGAS

PLANT ON FOAM SHEET

6. CONCLUSION Kharat Rahul Dipak

7. REFRENCES Kharat Rahul Dipak

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

5.0 Resources Required (Major resources such as raw material, some machining facility, software, etc.)

Sr.
Name of resource/material Specifications Qty. Remark
No.

Pen, Pencil, Scale, Eraser 1

1.

Internet www.slideshare.nic 2
2. www.onlinecreator.co.in

3. MS Word 1

Name of Team Members:

Roll No. Name of Student

14 Kharat Rahul Dipak

Name & Sign of Faculty

Mr. R. D. Vikhe.

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

Micro-Project Report
1.0 Rationale (Importance of the project, in about 30-50 words)
The Environment and Public Health Engineering works for minimizing the impact of Engineering and
Technology on the natural resources. Rapidly increasing urbanization, is stretching resources and infrastructure, and
threatening environmental quality. To maintain better public health one must have safe quality of drinking water
supply, effective methods for disposal of domestic and industrial waste and pollution free environment.

2.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro Project:

The overall aim of treating sewage is to produce an effluent that can be discharged to the environment while causing as
little water pollution as possible, or to produce an effluent that can be reused in a useful manner. This is achieved by
removing contaminants from the sewage. It is a form of waste management.
3.0 Course Outcome(s) Achieved:

A: Draw the flow diagram for process of treatment of water and wastewater

4.0 Literature Review:

A review of the scientific literature and engineering consultant reports dealing with WSP and treatment wetland
performance in Canada’s North and other cold climate regions showed that treatment can be highly variable.

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed (Write step wise work done, data collected and its analysis (if any).

This is achieved by removing contaminants from the sewage. It is a form of waste management.

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

6.0 Actual Resources Used (Mention the actual resources used for Micro Project).

Sr.
Name of resource/material Specifications Qty. Remark
No.

1. Pen, Pencil, Scale, Eraser 1

Internet www.slideshare.nic 2
2.
www.onlinecreator.co.in

3. MS Word 1

7.0 Output(s) of the Micro project: (drawings of prototype or survey, presentation is collected data, findings, etc.)
The overall aim of treating sewage is to produce an effluent that can be discharged to the environment while causing as
little water pollution as possible, or to produce an effluent that can be reused in a useful manner. This is achieved by
removing contaminants from the sewage. It is a form of waste management.

8.0 Skill(s) developed / Learning outcome of this Micro Project:

We get to learn the proper use of renewable energy skills, expertise in the management of waste, teamwork while
doing the microproject, leadership of a member while designing the foam sheet of the microproject, proper
management of the process followed while working on the preparation of the foam sheet.

9.0 Application(s) of this Micro project:

This app provides rate analysis for construction items, material requirements, and costing. It's useful for architects, civil
engineers, contractors, and others involved in construction..

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INDEX

SR.NO. CONTENT PAGE

NO
1. Introduction to Sewage
Treatment

2. Components of Sewage Treatment

Process
3. Types of Sewage Treatment Plants

4. Designing a Simple Sewage Treatment

Plant
5. Applications of STP

6. Advantages of Sewage Treatment Plants

7. Advantages of Sewage Treatment

Plants

8. Conclusion

9. Reference

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1. Introduction to Sewage Treatment

Definition:
Sewage treatment refers to the process of cleaning
wastewater by removing harmful substances like chemicals,
organic matter, and pathogens.
Importance:
 Prevents water pollution.
 Reduces the risk of disease.
 Enhances the sustainability of water resources.
 Promotes the reuse of treated water in agriculture or industrial
processes.

2. Components of Sewage Treatment Process

The treatment process usually involves several stages:

1. Preliminary Treatment:
o Screening: Large debris (like plastics, sticks, and rags) is
removed.
o Grit Removal: Sand and small stones are separated.

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 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

2. Primary Treatment:
o Sedimentation: Suspended solids settle at the bottom of a large
tank.
o The remaining liquid, which still contains dissolved and
suspended materials, is moved to the next stage.

3. Secondary Treatment:
o Biological Treatment: Microorganisms break down organic
matter in the wastewater.
 Methods: Activated Sludge Process (ASP), Trickling
Filters, or Membrane Bioreactors (MBR).

4. Tertiary Treatment:
o Further purification is done, typically involving filtration,
chemical treatment, or disinfection (using chlorine or UV light)
to kill remaining pathogens.

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5. Sludge Treatment:
o The solid waste (sludge) produced during the treatment is treated
by methods like drying, incineration, or anaerobic digestion.

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3. Types of Sewage Treatment Plants

 Conventional STP: Uses primary, secondary, and sometimes tertiary
treatments.
 Package STP: A compact, modular unit designed for small-scale or
residential use.
 Membrane Bioreactor (MBR): Advanced treatment using membrane
filtration combined with biological treatment.
 Constructed Wetlands: Uses plants to naturally filter and treat
sewage water in certain small-scale applications.

4. Designing a Simple Sewage Treatment Plant

For a small-scale model, you can design a basic working

model using common materials to represent the stages of
sewage treatment:
Materials Required:

 Large clear plastic container (for holding water and representing tanks)
 Mesh or cloth (for screening)
 Gravel, sand, and pebbles (to represent grit removal)
 Activated charcoal or sponge (for filtration)
 Microorganisms (can be simulated with yeast for biological activity)
 LED light or UV light (for disinfection stage)
 Small pump (optional, for water circulation)
 Water (representing sewage)

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Procedure for Building the Model:

1. Set up the Primary Treatment:

o Create a container that holds water.
o Use mesh or cloth at the inlet to remove large debris.
o Pour in some water mixed with small pebbles and grit to
represent solid waste. Let the water flow through a layer of
gravel or sand to filter out large particles.

2. Simulate Biological Treatment (Secondary

Treatment):
o In the second container, you can use activated charcoal or a
sponge to represent biological treatment. Pour water from the
first container over these materials to simulate organic matter
being broken down.

3. Tertiary Treatment (Optional):

o Use another layer of filtration or UV light to simulate advanced
disinfection. You can use a small UV light bulb to show how
harmful microorganisms are removed.

4. Final Effluent and Sludge:

o The treated water is the "effluent" that can be safely released or
reused.
o The sludge (solid waste) can be collected at the bottom of the
primary treatment tank and simulated for disposal or further
treatment.

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5. Applications of STP
 Urban Areas: Sewage treatment is crucial in cities to handle domestic
and industrial wastewater.
 Industries: In industries like food processing, textiles, and
pharmaceuticals, treating wastewater before release is important to
prevent pollution.
 Agriculture: Some treated sewage can be used for irrigation purposes,
reducing water demand.

6. Advantages of Sewage Treatment Plants

 Environmental Protection: Reduces the pollution load in rivers,
lakes, and oceans.
 Health and Hygiene: Reduces the spread of waterborne diseases.
 Resource Recovery: By-products like biogas and treated water can be
reused.
 Sustainable Water Management: Helps conserve freshwater
resources.

7. Challenges in Sewage Treatment

 Cost: Building and maintaining STPs can be expensive.
 Energy Consumption: Some treatment methods, like aeration in
activated sludge, require substantial energy.
 Sludge Disposal: The disposal or treatment of generated sludge can be
challenging.
 Public Awareness: Often, the importance of sewage treatment is not
well understood.

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8. Conclusion

A Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is an essential

infrastructure for maintaining environmental health,
conserving water, and enabling the sustainable management
of wastewater. Through this micro-project, you gain insight
into the basic principles behind STPs and their critical role in
urban water management.
By creating a simple working model or presentation on
STPs, you can help raise awareness about the importance of
wastewater treatment and the technologies involved in
ensuring clean, safe water for all.

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Refrences
 www.google.com
 Public Health Engineering Note Book
 Wikipedia

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