Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Sound
NCERT Solutions

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Question1.
Choose the correct answer:
Sound can travel through
(a) gases only
(b) solids only
(c) liquids only
(d) solids, liquids and gases

Answer:
Correct option is: (d) solids, liquids and gases .
Sound requires a medium to travel. This medium can be solid,
liquid or gas.

Question2.
Which of the following voices is likely to have minimum frequency?
(a)Baby girl
(b) Baby boy
(c) A man
(d) A woman
Answer:
Correct option is :( d) A woman.
Frequency is related to the pitch of the sound. So higher is the
frequency, higher will be the pitch of the sound. Pitch means
shrillness in the voice.
In case of a female pitch is always higher as compared to a male.

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Question 3.
In the following statements, tick T against those which are true,
and F against those which are false:
(a) Sound cannot travel in vacuum. (T/F)
(b) The number of oscillations per second of a vibrating object is
called its time period. (T/F)
(c) If the amplitude of vibration is large, sound is feeble. (T/F)
(d) For human ears, the audible range is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. (T/F)
(e) The lower the frequency of vibration, the higher is the pitch.
(T/F)
(f) Unwanted or unpleasant sound is termed as music. (T /F)
(g) Noise pollution may cause partial hearing impairment. (T/F)
Answer:
(a) Sound cannot travel in vacuum. ( True)
Sound needs a medium to travel.
(b) The number of oscillations per second of a vibrating object is
called its time period. (False)
The number of oscillations is frequency. Time period is the time
taken to complete one oscillation.
(c) If the amplitude of vibration is large, sound is feeble. ( False)
Loudness is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude. If
amplitude is large then the sound will also be loud.
(d) For human ears, the audible range is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. ( True)
The range below 20Hz is infrasound and range above 20,000 is
ultrasound.
(e) The lower the frequen cy of vibration, the higher is the pitch.
(False)

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Pitch is directly proportional to the frequency.

Question 4.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
(a) Time taken by an object to complete one oscillation is called
_____.
(b) Loudness is determined by the _______ of vibration.
(c) The unit of frequency is _________.
(d) Unwanted sound is called _________.
(e) Shrillness of a sound is determined by the _______ of vibration
Answer:
(a) Time taken by an object to complete one oscillation is called
time period.
(b) Loudness is determined by the amplitude of vibration.
(c) The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).
(d) Unwanted sound is called noise.
(e) Shrillness of a sound is determined by the frequency of
vibration.

Question 5.
A pendulum oscillates 40 times in 4 seconds. Find its time period
and frequency.

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Answer:
Given Frequency = 40 Hz. Frequency is defined as the number of
oscillations per unit time.
Time = 4 sec.

Time Period =

= = 0.1 sec.

Frequency =

=10Hz.

Question 6.
The sound from a mosquito is produced when it vibrates its wings
at an average rate of 500 vibrations per second. What is the time
period of the vibration?
Answer:
Frequency = 500 vibrations/second.

Time Period =

= 0.002 sec.

Question 7.
Identify the part which vibrates to produce sound in the following
instruments:

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

(a) Dholak (b) Sitar (c) Flute

Answer:
(a) Dholak: Dholak has stretched membranes which vibrate to
produce sound.
(b) Sitar: In sitar, the stretched strings, when vibrate, they produce
sound.
(c) Flute: Flute is a wind musical instrument which uses air column
to produce sound.

Question 8.
What is the difference between noise and music? Can music
become noise sometimes?
Answer:
Music is a sound which produces a pleasing sensation.
Noise is an unwanted and unpleasant sound.
Music is produced by nature, musical instruments etc.
Noise is produced by horns of vehicles, by machines etc.
Music becomes noise when played at very large volumes.

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Question 9.
List sources of noise pollution in your surroundings .
Answer:
Major causes of noise pollution are sounds of vehicles, explosions
including bursting of crackers, machines, loudspeakers etc. Sources
in the home may lead to noise poll ution. Television and transistor
radio at high volumes, some kitchen appliances, desert coolers, air
conditioners, all contribute to noise pollution.

Question 10.
Explain in what way noise pollution is harmful to humans .
Answer:
Lack of sleep, hypertension (high blood pressure), anxiety and
many more health disorders may be caused by noise pollution.
A person who is exposed to a loud sound continuously may get
temporary or even permanent impairment of hearing.

Question 11.
Your parents are going to buy a house. They have been offered one
on the roadside and another three lanes away from the roadside.

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Which house would you suggest your parents should buy? Explain
your answer.
Answer:
House which is near to roadside will have more noise pollu tion .I
would suggest the house which is three lanes away from the
roadside, because noise pollution will be less.

Question 12.
Sketch larynx and explain its function in your own words.
Answer:
Larynx is known as voice - box as it is responsible for the voice
produced. Two vocal cords are stretched across the voice box or
larynx in such a way that it leaves a narrow slit between them for
the passage of air. When the lungs force air through the slit, the
vocal cords vibrate, producing sound. Muscles attached to the
vocal cords can make the cords tight or loose. When the vocal
cords are tight and thin, the type or quality of voice is different
from that when they are loose and thick.

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Class 8 Science | Sound | NCERT Solutions

Question 13.
Lightning and thunder take place in the sky at the same time and at
the same distance from us. Lightning is seen earlier and thunder is
heard later. Can you explain?
Answer:
Speed of sound is 330 m/s and speed of light is 300,000,000 m/s.
Light travels much faster than sound that is why lightning is seen
earlier and thunder is heard.
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