Republic of the Philippines a.

Psychological
JAMIATUL PHILIPPINE AL-ISLAMIA b. Sociological
Marawi City c. Biological
d. Philosophical
PRELIM EXAM – GE 1 9. Who emphasized that the self
emerges from social interactions
Directions: Choose the BEST answer and communication?
among the four choices provided. Use a. Sigmund Freud
the answer sheet provided. b. George Herbert Mead
c. Carl Jung
1. What is the primary focus of the
d. Abraham Maslow
philosophical perspective on the
10. Mead’s theory of the self
self?
involves the concepts of the “I”
a. The biological basis of the
and the:
self
a. Ego
b. The soul and essence of a
b. Superego
person
c. Me
c. The unconscious mind
d. Id
d. The role of society in
11. The “looking-glass” self
shaping the self
was a concept introduced by:
2. According to Socrates, the self
a. Charles Horton Cooley
is best understood as:
b. George Herbert Mead
a. The body
c. Sigmund Freud
b. The brain
d. Carl Rogers
c. The soul
12. The “looking-glass self”
d. Social interactions
suggests that:
3. Plato’s view of the self
a. We develop self-awareness
involves which of the following?
by reflecting on our
a. The body and soul are one
actions
b. The body and soul are
b. We form our self-concept
separate entities
based on how others
c. The mind is the only true
perceive us
self
c. We are born with a fully
d. Self is purely based on
developed self
perception
d. We have a fixed self-
4. For Aristotle, the self is
concept
defined by:
13. Which of the following
a. The rational soul
best represents the concept of
b. The bodily functions
self-awareness?
c. The emotions
a. A social process
d. The spirit
b. The ability to recognize
5. Which philosopher believed in
oneself in a mirror
the “I think, therefore I am”
c. A philosophical debate
concept?
d. An unconscious process
a. Plato
14. Which sociologist
b. Descartes
developed the “generalized
c. Hume
other” concept?
d. Kant
a. Charles Horton Cooley
6. David Hume’s concept of the
b. George Herbert Mead
self-emphasized:
c. Erving Goffman
a. The self is an illusion
d. Sigmund Freud
b. The self is eternal
15. The “generalized other”
c. The self is based on social
refers to:
roles
a. Specific individuals who
d. The self is purely rational
influence our self-concept
7. Immanuel Kant viewed self as:
b. The attitudes and
a. An external entity
expectations of society as
b. The center of all experiences
a whole
c. An illusion created by
c. Our internal conscience
perception
d. A reflection of the
d. A biological construct
unconscious mind
8. Which perspective views the self
16. What is the self-
as socially constructed?
fulfilling prophecy”?
 a. A person’s belief that b. Intelligence
leads to its own c. Emotional resilience
fulfillment d. Personal beliefs
b. The concept of being true 24. Which of the following is
to oneself a primary agent of
c. A belief that one’s future socialization?
is predetermined a. The internet
d. A social construct based b. Family
on expectations c. Popular culture
17. Which concept refers to d. The environment
the belief that society shapes 25. In Mead’s theory, the “I”
individuals through social represents:
roles? a. The impulsive and
a. Social constructionism spontaneous part of the
b. Role theory self
c. Identity formation b. The socially controlled
d. Biological determinism aspect of the self
18. Who developed the c. A social role
dramaturgical approach to d. The rational part of the
understanding the self? self
a. Charles Cooley 26. Mead’s concept of the “Me”
b. Erving Goffman is:
c. George Mead a. The impulsive aspect of
d. Sigmund Freud the self
19. Goffman’s dramaturgical b. The organized set of
approach compares social attitudes of others
interaction to: c. The biological basis of
a. A biological process self
b. A theatrical performance d. The unconscious desires
c. A dream 27. Which of the following
d. A mathematical equation best describes “culture”?
20. In Goffman’s dramaturgical a. A set of biological traits
approach, “front stage” behavior b. Learned behaviors,
refers to: beliefs, and values shared
a. What individuals do when by a group
no one is watching c. Individual thoughts and
b. The actions people perform actions
in public settings d. The unconscious drives
c. The unconscious mind 28. What is “ethnocentrism”?
d. Thoughts and feelings a. Belief that one’s own
hidden from others culture is superior
21. “Back stage” behavior in b. Belief in cultural
Goffman’s theory refers to: equality
a. Actions that occur in c. Understanding other
public cultures
b. Actions taken in private d. Adopting elements of a
or away from the public foreign culture
eye 29. Which of the following
c. Socially constructed roles refers to understanding and
d. Behavior dictated by appreciating cultural
societal norms differences?
22. Which of the following a. Ethnocentrism
best defines “social identity”? b. Cultural relativism
a. How we perceive ourselves c. Cultural shock
in isolation d. Cultural lag
b. The identity one develops 30. The transmission of
through group membership culture from one generation to
c. The biological aspects of the next is known as:
self a. Cultural diffusion
d. The unconscious mind b. Cultural transmission
23. Which is an example of c. Cultural shock
collective identity? d. Cultural assimilation
a. Nationality
31. What is the “biological d. Creating social roles
self”? 39. Which of the following is
a. How others view you NOT a factor that influences
b. The genetic and physical self-esteem?
aspects of the self a. Social comparisons
c. A social role b. Personal achievements
d. How you view society c. Genetics
32. The role of genes in d. Media representations
shaping the self is a key focus 40. Which term refers to the
in: understanding and acceptance of
a. Sociology one’s own strengths and
b. Philosophy limitations?
c. Biology a. Self-awareness
d. Anthropology b. Self-concept
33. Which of the following is c. Self-esteem
NOT considered a biological d. Self-fulfillment
factor influencing the self? 41. For John Locke, the self
a. Genetics is primarily defined by:
b. Hormones a. The immortal soul
c. Cultural expectations b. Consciousness and personal
d. Brain structure identity based on memory
34. The “nature vs. nurture” c. Rational thinking
debate is concerned with: independent of experience
a. The balance between d. The body’s biological
biological and functions
environmental influences 42. Plato’s concept of the
on the self self focuses on the dualism
b. The evolution of human between:
behavior a. Mind and emotions
c. The role of culture in b. Body and soul
shaping self-concept c. Reason and perception
d. The development of d. Nature and nurture
intelligence 43. Which of the following
35. Which of the following is best represents Aristotle’s view
an example of a “nurture” of the self?
influence on the self? a. The self is purely
a. Genetics spiritual and non-physical
b. Hormonal changes b. The self is defined by
c. Socialization and learning rationality and the soul
d. Brain development is inseparable from the
36. The physical self refers body
to: c. The self is a reflection
a. The identity constructed of eternal forms
through relationships d. The self is an illusion
b. One’s body, appearance, 44. St. Augustine’s
and physiological understanding of the self
processes emphasizes:
c. The unconscious mind a. The material world as the
d. The ability to reason only reality
37. Which part of the brain is b. The soul’s journey toward
most associated with decision- God and salvation
making and self-regulation? c. The self as an illusion
a. Amygdala d. The soul being identical
b. Prefrontal cortex to the body
c. Hippocampus 45. St. Thomas Aquinas
d. Occipital lobe believed that the self was:
38. Hormones play a key role a. Composed of only the soul
in: b. A result of the unity of
a. Shaping one’s physical body and soul
appearance c. An illusion of physical
b. Influencing thoughts and senses
emotions d. Defined purely by
c. Developing moral reasoning consciousness
 46. Rene Descartes famously
argued that the self is:
a. Defined by the physical
body
b. Defined by experiences
c. The thinking mind, as
expressed in “Cogito, ergo
sum” (I think, therefore I
am”)
d. Shaped by cultural and
social experiences
47. For Immanuel Kant, the
self is:
a. Merely a collection of
sense perceptions
b. A passive observer of
reality
c. A central organizing
principle that creates
unity in our experiences
d. Defined by the physical
body
48. Which philosopher argued
that the self is created through
social interactions and the
“looking-glass” concept?
a. John Locke
b. George Herbert Mead
c. Friedrich Nietzsche
d. Immanuel Kant
49. Jean-Paul Sartre’s
existentialist view of the self
suggests that:
a. The self is predetermined
by biological factors
b. The self is an illusion
and doesn’t exist
c. The self is defined by
freedom and
responsibility, where
“existence precedes
essence”
d. The self is fully
determined by external
forces
50. According to Sigmund
Freud, the self is composed of:
a. Body and mind
b. Id, ego, and superego
c. Conscious and unconscious
thoughts
d. Rationality and morality

i.

“I would prefer even to fail with honor

- Sophocles